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"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat efektivitas program pelatihan kepemimpinan LMX untuk meningkatkan keefektifan tim pada pelaut di PT. X. Penelitian ini menggunakan tipe penelitian applied research dengan jumlah partisipan penelitian sebanyak 56 pelaut di PT. X. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah adaptasi alat ukur five functional team 5FT Lencioni, 2005 dengan nilai koefisien alpha ? sebesar 0.838 dan alat ukur leader-member exchange multidimentionality measurement LMX-MDM Liden Maslyn, 1998 dengan nilai koefisien alpha ? sebesar 0.794. Peneliti menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kedua variabel tersebut dan uji paired sample t-test untuk melihat perbedaan signifikansi dari skor pre test dan post test materi intervensi yang diberikan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara leader-member exchange dengan keefektifan tim r = 0.57, p < 0.05, signifikan . Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa dengan semakin meningkatnya leader-member exchange para pelaut maka keefektifan tim mereka akan semakin tinggi. Selain itu juga terdapat perbedaan skor pre test dan post test materi intervensi yang signifikan t = -3.87, p < 0.05, signifikan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi pelatihan kepemimpinan LMX. Hasil analisis tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan kepemimpinan LMX dapat meningkatkan pemahaman para pelaut terhadap materi intervensi.

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The study was conducted to see the effectiveness of LMX leadership training programs to enhance team effectiveness of seafarer in PT. X. This study used applied research studies with 56 seafarers as the participants. The research that was used five functional team measurement 5FT Lencioni, 2005 with coefficient alpha score 0.838 and leader member exchange multidimentional measurement LMX MDM Liden Maslyn, 1998 with coefficient alpha score 0.794. The Pearson correlation technique was used to determine the relationship between two variables and the paired sample t test was used to see the significance differences from pre and post test scores of the given intervention materials.

The results showed a significant and positive relationship between leader member exchange and team effectiveness r 0.57, p 0.05, significant. It showed that with increasing leader member exchange so seafarers team effectiveness will be increase. In addition, there were significant differences from pre and post test scores t 3.87, p 0.05, significant of interventions material before and after the intervention of LMX leadership training. The analysis results showed that LMX leadership training can enhance the understanding of the seafarers of the intervention materials."

"Penelitian ini fokus pada hubungan variabel Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) dan Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), serta intervensi terhadap Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) untuk melihat dampaknya pada Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). Sebanyak sepuluh orang karyawan PT X besedia berpartisipasi pada penelitian ini dan mengisi kuesioner yang digunakan pada penelitian ini, yaitu LMX-MDM (1998) dan Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale (1990). Kuesioner-kuesioner tersebut mengukur perilaku kerja karyawan sebelum dan sesudah pemberian leadership program intervention. Hasil penelitian menggunakan The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan nilai yang signifikan, baik LMX dan OCB saat sebelum dan sesudah pemberian program intervensi kepemimpinan (p>0.05). Hasil ini disebabkan beberapa faktor antara lain lack of time dalam proses transfer of learning, belum optimalnya peran controller dalam proses implementasi hasil pembelajaran, dan beberapa hal lainnya yang akan dibahas pada bagian diskusi.

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This research focused on the relationship between Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), along with intervention on Leader-Member Exchange and its impacts on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). Ten employees of PT X agreed to participate in this study and filled in LMX-MDM Scale (1998) and Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale (1990). Those questionnaires measured employees’ work behaviors before and after a leadership intervention program.

The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test results showed that there was no significant difference in Leader-Member Exchange and Organizational Citizenship Behavior before and after intervention (p>0.05). These results were caused by several factors including lack of time in the transfer of learning process, the role of the controller was less involved during implementation process of learning outcomes, and several other things that will be discussed in the discussion section."

"Tingginya tingkat voluntary turnover seringkali menjadi masalah bagi organisasi. Terlebih lagi apabila voluntary turnover terjadi di sebuah program percepatan dalam rangka mencari karyawan-karayawan terbaik yang diharapkan menjadi penerus organisasi pada masa yang akan datang. Penemuan mengenai lemahnya dukungan atasan merupakan prediktor yang menjadi penyebab masalah tersebut. Peneliti mengajukan sebuah bentuk dukungan atasan melalui intervensi teori kepemimpinan dengan menggunakan gaya kepemimpinan servant leadership. Hal ini karena bahwa servant leadership memiliki karakteristik yang dapat menyumbang varian terhadap voluntary turnover lebih baik daripada persepsi dukungan atasan. Penelitian merupakan penelitian cross- sectional dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif ini melibatkan karyawan program percepatan yang sudah mengundurkan diri dan yang masih bertahan.Data diambil dari karyawan dan mantan karyawan dari pogram percepatan karir untuk account executive di sebuah perusahaan di Jakarta, Indonesia N = 92 dan dianalisis menggunakan teknik regresi berganda dengan SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa baik dukungan atasan yang dirasakan maupun servant leadership berhubungan negatif dengan voluntary turnover. Hasil juga menunjukkan bahwa servant leadership menyumbang lebih banyak varian pada voluntary turnover melampaui persepsi dukungan atasan.

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The high level of voluntary turnover is often a problem for organization. Moreover, if voluntary turnover occurs in a development program which specifically conducted to find the best employee that is expected to be the next future leaders. From employees exit interview we found that lack of supervisor support is the main cause. Researcher propose a form of supervisor support through leadership theory intervention by using servant leadership. Researcher believe that servant leadership has characteristics that can contribute variants to voluntary turnover better than perceived supervisor support. It is because servant leadership has more complex characteristics than the perception of superior support.

This research is a cross sectional study using quantitative method and involving development program employees whom already resigned and those who are still working. Data were taken from employees and ex employees of 5 batches of development program in a company in Jakarta, Indonesia N 92 and were analyzed using multiple regression technique on SPSS software. Results showed that both perceived supervisor support and servant leadership were negatively related to voluntary turnover. Results also showed that servant leadership accounts for more variance on voluntary turnover over and above perceived supervisor support."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat peningkatan leader member exchange (LMX) terhadap keterlibatan kerja melalui intervensi program kepemimpinan di plant PT X. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain before-after dan terdiri dari studi awal, intervensi, dan studi lanjutan. Partisipan dalam studi intervensi merupakan pimpinan dan dalam studi awal serta lanjutan merupakan bawahan. Peneliti menggunakan alat ukur LMX MDM untuk mengukur leader member exchange dan UWES-9 untuk mengukur keterlibatan kerja. Hasil survei awal menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara leader member exchange dan keterlibatan kerja pada karyawan di plant PT X (β = 0,40; r2 = 0,16; p = 0,02). Peneliti melakukan intervensi program kepemimpinan untuk meningkatkan skor leader member exchange yang harapannya juga dapat meningkatkan skor keterlibatan kerja.Hasil intervensi menunjukkan, terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan setelah partisipan mengikuti pelatihan kepemimpinan. Namun, partisipan belum secara konsisten menerapkan tingkah laku yang dapat meningkatkan kualitas hubungan atasan bawahan. Hasil studi lanjut setelah intervensi, menunjukkan tidak terdapat peningkatan skor leader member exchange dan keterlibatan kerja. Dengan demikian, maka diusulkan saran untuk dapat mengoptimalkan hubungan atasan bawahan di plant PT X antara lain, menjadikan one on one conversation sebagai kegiatan rutin, pemberian umpan balik konstruktif sesuai pedoman, membangun hubungan berlandaskan rasa saling percaya, dukung, dan dapat saling mengandalkan serta apresiasi kepada tim yang konsisten menerapkan kegiatan yang dapat mengoptimalkan kualitas hubungan dalam tim.

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This study aims to investigate an increase in the relationship between LMX to work engagement through leadership intervention programs at plant PT X. This study used a before-after design and consisted of three stages, namely initial study, intervention, and further study. Participants in the intervention study were leaders and participants in the initial and follow-up studies were subordinates. Researchers used the LMX to measure the leader member exchange and UWES-9 to measure work engagement. Preliminary survei results showed that there was a significant effect between the leader member exchange and work engagement on employees at plant PT X ( β = 0,40; r2 = 0,16; p = 0,02). The researcher conducted a leadership intervention program to increase the score of leader member exchange which are expected to also increase the score of work engagement.The results of the intervention showed that there was an increase in knowledge after participants took part in the leadership training but participants had not consistently applied behavior that could improve the quality of subordinate supervisors' relationships. The results of further studies showed that there was no increase in LMX and work engagement scores between before and after the implementation of leadership intervention. Thus, suggestions for optimizing LMX in the plant PT X include making one on one conversation a routine activity, providing constructive feedback according to guidelines, building relationships based on mutual trust, support, and mutual dependence and appreciation to teams that consistently implement activities that can optimize the quality of relationships within the team."

"ABSTRAKPerilaku kerja inovatif merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang dapat memengaruhikeberlangsungan sebuah organisasi di tengah ketatnya persaingan di dunia industri.Oleh sebab itulah, untuk dapat mengoptimalkan perilaku kerja inovatif diperlukanpemahaman yang mendalam mengenai faktor-faktor yang dapat memengaruhi perilakukerja inovatif, yang salah satunya berupa pendekatan kepemimpinan Leader-MemberExchange (LMX). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh LMXterhadap perilaku kerja inovatif serta menguji efektivitas intervensi N-Hancing LeaderMember Relationship yang diharapkan dapat mengoptimalkan LMX dan perilakukerja inovatif karyawan yang berada di PT X. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalahbefore-after study design dengan partisipan sejumlah 35 orang karyawan PT X yangditempatkan pada Plant Z. Hasil survei dengan menggunakan kuesioner LMX-MDMserta perilaku kerja inovatif menunjukkan bahwa LMX berpengaruh secara signifikanterhadap perilaku kerja inovatif karyawan di PT X (F (1,33) = 4.56, p = .04, R2 = .12).Selanjutnya, dilakukanlah program intervensi N-Hancing Leader MemberRelationship yang terdiri dari pelatihan Lead Their Ship beserta penugasan one on oneconversation dan leader-member work activities kepada 10 pemimpin yang ada di PlantZ PT X selama empat pekan. Hasil pengukuran efektivitas intervensi yang dilakukankepada 10 bawahan yang pemimpinnya menjadi peserta intervensi menunjukkan bahwatidak terdapat perubahan yang signifikan baik untuk skor leader-member exchange(Z = -.59, p = .55) maupun skor perilaku kerja inovatif (Z = -.14, p = .89) pada karyawandi PT X dengan skor sebelumnya. Penelitian mendatang diharapkan dapatmempertimbangkan durasi waktu pemberian intervensi beserta rentang waktupemantauan sehingga intervensi yang diberikan akan lebih optimal

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ABSTRACTInnovative work behavior is one of the important factors that can influence thesustainability of an organization in the midst of competition in the industrial world.Therefore, to be able optimizing it, one thing that needs to be done is having deepunderstanding about the factors that can influence innovative work behavior, one of itsfactors is Leader-Member Exchange (LMX). The aims of this study were to examinethe influence of Leader-Member Exchange on innovative work behavior and see theeffectiveness of N-Hancing Leader Member Relationship intervention which isexpected to optimize leader-member exchange and innovative work behavior ofemployees at PT X. Before-after study design was used and the participants of thisstudy were 35 PT Xs employees who placed on Plant Z. The survey results usingLMX-MDM questionnaire and innovative work behavior scale show that leadermemberexchange significantly influenced the innovative work behavior of employeesat Plant Z, PT X (F (1,33) = 4.56, p = .04, R2 = .12). Furthermore, the interventionprogram called N-Hancing Leader Member Relationship consists of lead their shiptraining along with one on one conversation and leader-member work activitiesassignments was implemented for 10 leaders who were at Plant Z, PT X for four weeks.The results of the effectiveness of intervention measures conducted on 10 subordinateswhose leaders were participants in the intervention showed that there were nosignificant changes for leader-member exchange scores (Z = -.59, p = .55) andinnovative work behavior scores (Z = -. 14, p = .89) to employees at PT X with theprevious score. Future research is expected to be able to consider the duration of theintervention time and the monitoring time span so that the intervention provided willbe more optimal"

"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kepemimpinan perubahan dan komitmen afektif terhadap perubahan (studi 1), serta mengetahui efektivitas pemberian intervensi pelatihan kepemimpinan perubahan pada karyawan unit Area PT X (studi 2). Pada studi 1, subjek penelitian adalah 258 karyawan non-manajerial unit Area PT X. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi dengan SPSS. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif dan signifikan antara kepemimpinan perubahan dan komitmen afektif terhadap perubahan (r=.295, p<.001). Pada studi 2, subjek penelitian adalah 10 Facility dan Building Manager unit Area PT X. Berdasarkan analisis hasil evaluasi pembelajaran menggunakan Paired Sample T-Test, diketahui bahwa pelatihan yang diberikan cukup efektif dengan kenaikan skor sebesar 37%.

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This study was conducted to determine the relationship between change leadership and affective commitment to change (study 1), and also to determine the effectiveness of change leadership training to Area Manager in PT X (study 2). In study 2, the subject of study were 258 employees of Area unit PT X. Data were analyzed using correlation test with SPSS. The results of data analysis showed a positive and significant relationship between change leadership and affective commitment to change (r = .295, p <.001). In study 2, the research subjects were 10 Facility and Building Managers of the PT X Area unit. Based on the analysis of the results of the learning evaluation using the Paired Sample T-Test, it was found that the training provided was quite effective with an increase in the score of 37%."

"Penelitian ini difokuskan pada usaha untuk meningkatkan leader member exchange dari bawahan dan kepuasannya terhadap atasan. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah alat ukur leader member exchange yang diadaptasi dari Liden dan Maslyn (1998) dan faset kepuasan terhadap atasan dari Job Satisfaction Survey (Spector, 1997). Hasil analisis korelasi Pearson terhadap 35 orang bawahan di PT. X, ditemukan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara leader member exchange dan kepuasan terhadap atasan (r = 0.522 dan signifikansi 0.001). Leader member exchange bawahan di PT. X tergolong rendah, oleh karena itu diusulkan intervensi coaching dari atasan kepada bawahan. Untuk itu, atasan perlu diberikan pelatihan dasar coaching dan buku panduan coaching. Walau sebatas sosialisasi kepada manajemen PT. X, tanggapan yang diberikan positif. Dengan demikian, pelatihan dan buku panduan coaching tersebut sesuai untuk diberikan kepada para atasan PT. X, sehingga diharapkan leader member exchange dan kepuasan terhadap atasan dapat meningkat.

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This research is focused on the effort to improve leader member exchange from subordinate and their supervision satisfaction at PT. X. Measurement scale that is used in this research are leader member exchange scale from Liden and Maslyn (1998) and supervisory facet from Job Satisfaction Survey (Spector, 1997). Pearson correlation analysis from 35 subordinates at PT. X shows that there?s a positive and significant correlation between leader member exchange and supervisory satisfaction (r = 0.522 and significance 0.001). Leader member exchange from subordinates at PT. X are low, therefore coaching intervention from superordinate to subordinate was proposed. To that end, superordinate need to be given basic coaching training and guidance book about coaching. Although it just socialization to the management of PT. X, the response is positive. Coaching training and guidance book of coaching are suitable to be given at PT. X, so that leader member exchange and supervisory satisfaction are expected to increase."

"PT P, merupakan perusahaan startup dalam bidang teknologi. Saat ini perusahaan tersebut sedang mengalami permasalahan yaitu tinggi nya persentase turnover setiap bulannya, terutama di divisi Teknologi dan Customer Service. Secara umum, Turnover pada karyawan dapat disebabkan oleh faktor individual dan faktor di luar karyawan. Salah satu faktor di luar karyawan yang mempengaruhi turnover adalah Kepemimpinan Hamstra et al., 2011 . Berdasarkan survei Organizational Blockage Inventory dan structured interview terhadap karyawan PT P, peneliti mengidentifikasi adanya kaitan antara gaya kepemimpinan transformasional pada supervisor dengan intensi turnover karyawan di divisi Teknologi dan Customer Service di PT P. Kepemimpinan supervisor diukur dengan menggunakan kuesioner Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire MLQ dan Turnover Intention Scale digunakan untuk mengukur intensi turnover para karyawan pada divisi tersebut.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara kepemimpinan transformasional pada supervisor dengan intensi turnover bawahan yang artinya semakin supervisor menerapkan gaya kepemimpinan transformasional, maka intensi turnover pada karyawan pada divisi Teknologi dan Customer Service akan semakin rendah, dan semakin supervisor tidak menerapkan gaya kepemimpinan transformasional, maka intensi turnover pada karyawan pada divisi Teknologi dan Customer Service akan semakin tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, peneliti kemudian merancang program intervensi berupa pelatihan kepemimpinan transformasional pada supervisor di divisi Teknologi dan Customer Service, dengan tujuan memperbaiki gaya kepemimpinan mereka yang kelak berdampak menurunkan intensi turnover karyawan di divisi tersebut.

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PT P is a startup technology company. Currently, the company has a high rate of turnover every month, especially in Technology and Customer Service division. In general, turnover can be caused by individual factor and external factor. One of the external factor is leadership Hamstra et al., 2011 . Based on Organizational Blockage Inventory survey and structured interview to PT P employees, researcher identified a correlation between transformational leadership style on supervisor with turnover intention employee in Technology and Customer Service division. Supervisor rsquo s transformational leadership style is measured by Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire MLQ , and staff rsquo s turnover intention is measured by Turnover Intention Scale.

The result of this study indicated a significant negative correlation between supervisor rsquo s transformational leadership style and staff rsquo s turnover intention, which means if the supervisor do not apply transformational leadership style staff rsquo s turnover intention will be increased, and if the supervisor apply transformational leadership style staff rsquo s turnover intention will be decreased. Based on this result, researcher create a transformational leadership training intervention program for supervisor to fix their leadership style in order to reduce staff rsquo s turnover intention in Technology and Customer Service division."

"Penelitian tesis ini dilakukan di Kantor PT.ASRA, sebuah perusahaan penyedia jasa keuangan di bidang Asuransi Umum. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan apakah kepemimpinan, psychological capital dan komitmen organisasi memengaruhi kinerja dan rancangan intervensi yang dapat dilakukan terhadap kepemimpinan, psychological capital, komitmen organisasi serta rancangan intervensi manajemen pengetahuan untuk meningkatkan kinerja karyawan di unit penjualan dan unit klaim di PT.ASRA. Kepemimpinan diukur dengan LMX7, komitmen organisasi diukur dengan Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ), dan psychological capital diukur dengan PsyCap Questionnaire (PCQ). Analisa regresi linier berganda menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan kepemimpinan, psychological capital, komitmen organisasi afektif, komitmen organisasi continuance, dan komitmen organisasi normatif terhadap kinerja (p<0,05) dengan Nilai R2 sebesar 0,869 yang menunjukan bahwa variasi kepemimpinan leader-member exchange, psychological capital, komitmen organisasi afektif, komitmen organisasi continuance, dan komitmen organisasi normatif mampu menjelaskan sebesar 86,9% variasi kinerja, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 13,1% dipengaruhi atau dijelaskan oleh variabel lain yang tidak dimasukan ke dalam model penelitian ini. Secara parsial variabel psychological capital, komitmen organisasi afektif, komitmen organisasi continuance, dan kepemimpinan leader-member exchange yang berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kinerja. Rancangan intervensi dibagi menjadi dua tahap, yaitu 1) intervensi terhadap kepemimpinan leader-member exchange melalui pelatihan kepemimpinan leader-member exchange (kelas dan on-the-job) dan coaching dan mentoring; 2) intervensi manajemen pengetahuan dalam berbagi pengetahuan tacit dan eskplisit berbasis SECI melalui Community of Practice.

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This research was held at PT.ASRA, a general insurance company. Purposes of this research are to determine whether leadership, psychological capital and organizational commitment has impact to job performance, to determine design intervention toward leadership, psychological capital, and organizational commitment also to determine design intervention of knowledge management to increase job performance in sales and claim unit at PT.ASRA. Leadership measurement is using LMX7, organizational commitment measurement is using Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ), and psychological capital measurement is using PsyCap Questionnaire (PCQ). Multiple regression result shows that there is a significant impact of leadership, psychological capital, organizational commitment affective, continuance, and normative through performance (p<0,05) with R2 = 0,869 or show that leadership leader-member exchange, psychological capital, organizational commitment affective, continuance, and normative variations able to explain 86,9% performance, and 13,1% influenced or explained by another variable that not included in this research. Partialy, psychological capital, organizational commitment affective, continuance, and leadership leader-member exchange had significant impact through performance. Design intervention is devided into two phases, 1) design intervention towards leadership leader-member exchange through leadership leader-member exchange training (class and on-the-job) coaching and mentoring; 2) design intervention knowledge management on sharing tacit and explicit knowledge based on SECI through Community of Practice (CoP)."

"Berbagai organisasi mengalami tantangan dan perubahan yang begitu cepat, sehingga perlu diimbangi dengan mengoptimalkan komitmen afektif organisasi (KAO) dari para karyawan. Peneliti berargumen bahwa LMX berpengaruh terhadap KAO. Dengan kata lain, semakin baik LMX akan semakin tinggi pula KAO yang dirasakannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuktikan pengaruh LMX terhadap KAO dan membuktikan efektivitas intervensi berupa program pengembangan kepemimpinan dalam meningkatkan kualitas hubungan atasan-bawahan, yang terdiri dari pelatihan, one-on-one conversation, dan dilengkapi dengan leader-member work activities. Peneliti berargumen bahwa program intervensi tersebut dapat meningkatkan LMX yang nantinya akan berdampak pada meningkatnya KAO. Sebanyak 35 karyawan Plant C PT X berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Selain itu, terdapat sepuluh orang leader Plant C PT X berpartisipasi dalam program intervensi. Desain Pre-test/Post-test digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengukur efektivitas dari intervensi yang diberikan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa LMX berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap KAO (β = 0,48; R2 = 0,23; p = 0,00). Sementara itu, intervensi yang diberikan belum dapat meningkatkan kualitas hubungan atasan-bawahan secara berarti sehingga peneliti menyarankan perusahaan untuk mengimplementasi one-on-one conversation secara kontinu, mengalokasikan waktu yang lebih terstruktur dan rutin, dan mengevaluasi serta mengoptimalkan program-program interaktif yang sudah ada sebelumnya.

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Many organizations experienced challenges and rapid changes. It is requires the optimation of affective organizational commitment (AOC) among employees in the organization. It is argued that the quality of leader-member relationship (LMX) influenced AOC. The better the relationship quality, the AOC will also increased.

This study aims to investigate that LMX can predict affective commitment, and also looks into the effectiveness of the leadership development intervention program which consisted of training, one-on-one conversation, and supplemented by leader-member work activities, in improving the relationship. It is argued that the intervention program can improve both the LMX and AOC. Thirty-five employees of Plant C, PT X participated in this study. Additional 10 employees then joined the intervention. Pre-test/post-test research design was used to measure the effectiveness of the intervention.

The result of this study showed that there was a significant influence from the LMX to AOC (β = 0,48; R2 = 0,23; p = 0,00). However, the intervention cannot be used to improve the relationship. Based on the result, there are some suggestion for the organization, such as the continuous implementation of the one-on-one conversation, allocating a better structure of time for the leaders, also both evaluate and optimize some existed interactive programs."