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"ABSTRAKPenelitian skripsi ini membahas mengenai dinamika pengawasan pelaksanaan penanaman modal asing sektor kehutanan di Kalimantan Timur 1967-1973. Proses tahapan pelaksanaan Penanaman Modal Asing di sektor Kehutanan melibatkan berbagai unsur pemerintahan, baik pusat maupun daerah. Dibutuhkan kesepakatan di antara unsur pemerintah yang berkaitan agar tidak terjadi kesimpangsiuran. Kejelasan alur pelaksanaan penanaman modal asing memengaruhi penilaian calon penawar dan ketertiban secara umum. Oleh karena itu, perlu sinkronisasi di antara badan-badan pemerintahan dalam menyusun program dan kebijakan Penanaman Modal Asing yang terpadu. Upaya-upaya yang dilakukan pemerintah adalah dengan membentuk Badan Pertimbangan Penanaman Modal Asing yang dibantu oleh Team Teknis Penanaman Modal Asing, Sektor R Team Khusus Pengawasan Modal Asing dan Team Pengawasan Penanaman Modal Asing bidang Kehutanan. Keempat badan tersebut bertanggung jawab terhadap kelancaran penanaman modal asing secara administratif dan implementatif. Secara garis besar penelitian ini membahas mengenai proses koordinasi yang sinergis menuju satu sistem terpadu dalam memberikan pelayanan dan pemantauan terhadap pelaksaaan penanaman modal asing sektor Kehutanan khususnya di Kalimantan Timur.

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ABSTRACTThis research discuss the dynamics of foreign investment monitoring implementation in East Kalimantan 39 s forestry sector 1967 1973. Phase of foreign investment process in forestry sector involves various members of government, both central and local. It requires agreement between interrelated government elements to avoid confusion. Clarity of its implementation worklfow affect the assessment prospective bidders and order in general. Therefore, it is necessary to synchronize between government bodies in formulating integrated programs and policies. The efforts made by government is the established of Foreign Investment Advisory Board, assisted by the Foreign Investment Technical Team, Sector R Special Team of Foreign Assets Control and the Foreign Investment Monitoring Team in Forestry. The fourth body responsible for foreign investment order administratively and implementation. Broadly speaking, this study discusses the synergistic coordination process towards an integrated system in providing services and monitoring of foreign investment implementation in East Kalimantan 39 s forestry sector 1967 1973."

"[Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi dan menganalisisfaktor-faktor penentu dalam penanaman modal asmg(PMA) di Industri minyak dan gas Indonesia, serta dampak yang signifikan terhadap daya saing Indonesia. Aliran FDI telah meningkat secara dramatis dalam dua tahun terakhir. Namun, distribusi FDI sangat tidak merata dan persaingan antar negara untuk menarik investor asing sangatlah tinggi. Model konseptual dan hipotesis penelitian dikembangkan dan kerangka teori yang sudah ada. Data utama dikumpulkan melalui survei berbasiskuantitatif, total 245 responden terlibat dalam penelitian mi yang merupakan karyawan yang bekerja di perusahaan minyak dan gas asing yang beroperasi di Indonesia. Analisis deskriptif disajikan untuk mengeksplorasi kinerja keseluruhan daya saing negara, serta hubungan antar variabel. Untuk meneliti hubungan antara variabel penentu dan daya saing, analisis faktor dilakukan untuk tujuan pengurangan data dan mempertahankan faktor terkuat. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan analisis regresi berganda. Penelitian menunjukkan Pemerintah, Infrastruktur, Lokasi dan Suinber Daya Man usia memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan daya saing Indonesia.

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This study identifies and analyzes the determinant factors in foreign direct investment (FDI) Indonesian oil and gas and its significant impacts on Indonesia Competitiveness. The flow of FDI has increased dramatically in the last two years. However, the distribution of FDI is highly unequal and the competition among countries to attract foreign investors is high.On the basis of theoretical framework among the constructs, a conceptual model and hypotheses were developed. Primary data were collected through quantitative based survey from a total of245 samples were collected, from employee that worked in foreign oil and gas companies who operated in Indonesia. Descriptive analysis was presented to explore the overall performance of country competitiveness, as well as the relationship among variables. To investigate the relationship between FDI determinant variables and country competitiveness, factor analysis was performed for the purpose of data reduction and maintaining the strongest factor. Testing hypothesis has been done with multiple regression analysis. The findings showed Government, Infrastructure, Location and Human resources have a significant relationship with Indonesia Competitiveness.;This study identifies and analyzes the determinant factors in foreign direct investment (FDI) Indonesian oil and gas and its significant impacts on Indonesia Competitiveness. The flow of FDI has increased dramatically in the last two years. However, the distribution of FDI is highly unequal and the competition among countries to attract foreign investors is high.On the basis of theoretical framework among the constructs, a conceptual model and hypotheses were developed. Primary data were collected through quantitative based survey from a total of245 samples were collected, from employee that worked in foreign oil and gas companies who operated in Indonesia. Descriptive analysis was presented to explore the overall performance of country competitiveness, as well as the relationship among variables. To investigate the relationship between FDI determinant variables and country competitiveness, factor analysis was performed for the purpose of data reduction and maintaining the strongest factor. Testing hypothesis has been done with multiple regression analysis. The findings showed Government, Infrastructure, Location and Human resources have a significant relationship with Indonesia Competitiveness.;This study identifies and analyzes the determinant factors in foreign direct investment (FDI) Indonesian oil and gas and its significant impacts on Indonesia Competitiveness. The flow of FDI has increased dramatically in the last two years. However, the distribution of FDI is highly unequal and the competition among countries to attract foreign investors is high.On the basis of theoretical framework among the constructs, a conceptual model and hypotheses were developed. Primary data were collected through quantitative based survey from a total of245 samples were collected, from employee that worked in foreign oil and gas companies who operated in Indonesia. Descriptive analysis was presented to explore the overall performance of country competitiveness, as well as the relationship among variables. To investigate the relationship between FDI determinant variables and country competitiveness, factor analysis was performed for the purpose of data reduction and maintaining the strongest factor. Testing hypothesis has been done with multiple regression analysis. The findings showed Government, Infrastructure, Location and Human resources have a significant relationship with Indonesia Competitiveness., This study identifies and analyzes the determinant factors in foreign direct investment (FDI) Indonesian oil and gas and its significant impacts on Indonesia Competitiveness. The flow of FDI has increased dramatically in the last two years. However, the distribution of FDI is highly unequal and the competition among countries to attract foreign investors is high.On the basis of theoretical framework among the constructs, a conceptual model and hypotheses were developed. Primary data were collected through quantitative based survey from a total of245 samples were collected, from employee that worked in foreign oil and gas companies who operated in Indonesia. Descriptive analysis was presented to explore the overall performance of country competitiveness, as well as the relationship among variables. To investigate the relationship between FDI determinant variables and country competitiveness, factor analysis was performed for the purpose of data reduction and maintaining the strongest factor. Testing hypothesis has been done with multiple regression analysis. The findings showed Government, Infrastructure, Location and Human resources have a significant relationship with Indonesia Competitiveness.]"

"Salah satu target utama pembangunan pertanian terkait dengan globalisasi ekonomi dan penerapan kebijakan liberalisasi perdagangan di sektor pertanian adalah mempercepat pertumbuhan ekonomi sektor pertanian melalui perdagangan internasional khususnya ekspor dan dengan meningkatnya arus masuk modal asing termasuk melalui PMA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (i) menganalisis pengaruh ekspor, impor, serta PMA terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di sektor pertanian, dan sebaliknya pengaruh pertumbuhan ekonomi terhadap ekspor, impor dan PMA di sektor pertanian; (ii) menganalisis pengaruh guncangan pada ekspor, impor serta PMA terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di sektor pertanian dan pengaruh guncangan pada PDB terhadap ekspor, impor dan PMA di sektor pertanian. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Vector Autoregression (VAR) dengan data triwulanan tahun 1995-2011.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan dua arah yang positif dan signifikan antara ekspor pertanian dan PDB pertanian. Sedangkan hubungan impor pertanian terhadap PDB pertanian hanya satu arah yang bernilai negatif dan signifikan namun tidak terjadi sebaliknya. Sementara hubungan PDB pertanian dengan PMA pertanian menunjukkan hasil tidak adanya hubungan. Hasil analisis Impulse Response Function (IRF) memperlihatkan bahwa respon PDB pertanian terhadap guncangan pada ekspor pertanian paling besar. Hal sebaliknya juga berlaku terhadap guncangan PDB pertanian yang direspon lebih besar oleh ekspor pertanian dibandingkan impor pertanian. Hasil variance decomposition, juga mendukung hasil IRF dimana dekomposisi varian PDB pertanian terbesar diberikan oleh ekspor pertanian disusul oleh PMA pertanian dan impor pertanian. Dekomposisi varian ekspor pertanian dengan nilai terbesar diberikan oleh ekspor, PDB, PMA dan impor di sektor pertanian. Adapun impor pertanian dan PMA pertanian memberikan pengaruh yang terbesar terhadap perubahan variabel impor pertanian dibandingkan ekspor dan PDB di sektor pertanian. Dekomposisi varian untuk PMA pertanian disumbangkan oleh PMA pertanian dan PDB pertanian dengan nilai tertinggi, kemudian ekspor dan impor di sektor pertanian.

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One of the main targets of agricultural development associated with economic globalization and the implementation of trade liberalization policies in the agricultural sector is to accelerate economic growth in the agricultural sector through export and international trade particularly with the increased inflow of foreign capital, including FDI. This study aimed to: (i) analyze the effect of export, import and FDI in agricultural sector on economic growth in the agricultural sector and likewise the effect of economic growth on export, import and FDI in the agricultural sector and analyzes the effect of shocks on export, import and FDI on economic growth in agricultural sector and the effect of GDP shocks on exports, imports and FDI in the agricultural sector. The method used in this study is Vector Autoregression (VAR) with quarterly data started in 1995 until 2011.

The results showed that there is a two-way positive and significant correlation between agricultural export and agricultural GDP. While the relationship of agricultural import to agricultural GDP is only one way that is negative and significant, but not the other way around. While there is no relationship between the agricultural GDP and agricultural FDI. Impulse Response Function (IRF) analysis showed that the response of agricultural GDP due to agricultural export shock is the most. The opposite also applies to agricultural GDP shock responded by a larger agriculture export than agriculture import. The results of variance decomposition also supports the results of IRF. It is showed that the largest agricultural GDP variance decomposition given by export followed FDI and agricultural import. Variance decomposition of agricultural exports shows the greatest value given by export, GDP, FDI and import in the agricultural sector. The import of agriculture and agricultural FDI influences on more changes in agricultural import than export and GDP in the agricultural sector. Decomposition of variance for agricultural FDI is contributed by agricultural GDP with the highest value, then export and import in the agricultural sector."

"Pengaturan Daftar Negatif Investasi (DNI) saat ini diatur berdasarkan Peraturan Presiden Nomor 10 Tahun 2021 tentang Bidang Usaha Penanaman Modal sebagaimana diubah dengan Peraturan Presiden Nomor 49 tahun 2021. Pengaturan tersebut mengubah beberapa relaksasi sektor-sektor industri tertentu mengenai penanaman modal asing, namun ketentuan ini tidak mengatur mengenai DNI secara lebih lanjut bagi usaha jasa konstruksi. Adapun pengaturan mengenai DNI jasa konstruksi ditemukan dalam Lampiran Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 5 Tahun 2021 tentang Penyelenggaraan Perizinan Berusaha Berbasis Risiko yang mengatur BUJKA Non-ASEAN dapat dikuasai oleh 67% kepemilikan saham asing dan BUJKA ASEAN dapat dikuasai oleh 70% kepemilikan saham asing. Untuk menentukan apa-apa saja yang termasuk kegiatan jasa konstruksi, maka dalam hal ini mengacu kepada KBLI dalam Perpres No.5 Tahun 2021 tersebut. Oleh karenanya, keadaan ini menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum terhadap batasan kepemilikan modal asing dalam usaha jasa konstruksi baik secara praktis maupun secara struktur pengaturan hukum. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara yuridis normatif untuk mengkaji ketentuan hukum mengenai DNI khususnya terkait usaha jasa konstruksi yang berlaku di Indonesia.

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The Negative Investment List (NIL) regulation is currently regulated based on Presidential Regulation Number 10 of 2021 concerning Investment Business Fields as amended by Presidential Regulation Number 49 of 2021. This regulation regulates several relaxation provisions for certain industrial sectors regarding foreign investment, however this provision does not regulate NIL. further for the construction services business. The regulation regarding the limitation of foreign ownership in construction services is found in the Appendix to Government Regulation Number 5 of 2021 concerning Implementation of Risk-Based Business Licensing which stipulates that Non-ASEAN BUJKAs can be controlled by 67% foreign ownership and ASEAN BUJKAs can be controlled by 70% foreign ownership. To determine what constitutes construction service activities, in this case refer to the KBLI in Perpres No. 5 of 2021. Therefore, this situation creates legal uncertainty regarding the limitation of foreign capital ownership in the construction services business, both practically and in terms of the legal regulatory structure. This research was carried out in a normative juridical manner to examine the legal provisions regarding NIL, especially those related to construction service businesses that apply in Indonesia."

"Tesis ini membahas mengenai pengaruh penanaman modal asing terhadap penggunaan tenaga kerja asing yang terfokuskan pada sektor konstruksi. Tenaga kerja adalah setiap orang yang mampu melakukan pekerjaan guna menghasilkan barang dan/atau jasa baik untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sendiri maupun untuk masyarakat. Penelitian ini bersifat yuridis normatif dan preskriptif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa penerapan penggunaan tenaga kerja asing sangat di pengaruhi oleh kebijakan kebijakan pemerintahan selaku pembuat peraturan dan sebagai pelaku dalam arah kebijakan internasional. Dengan adanya perubahan peraturan penggunaan tenaga kerja asing pada tahun 2015 maka pelu dilakukan penelitian terhadap peraturan ini sehingga dapat diketahui bagaimana perubahan dalam peraturan penggunaan tenaga kerja asing

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This thesis deals with the influence of foreign capital investment against the use of foreign labor that focus in construction sector. Labor is any person who is able to do the work to produce goods and/or services either to itself or to meet the needs of the community. This research is both normative and juridical prescriptive. Results of the study concluded that the application of the use of foreign labor in influence by Government policy as the policy makers of the regulations and as perpetrators in the direction of international policy. With the rule change the use of foreign labor in 2015 then pelu conducted research to this rule so that it can be known how the changes in the regulation of the use of foreign labor."

"Peran demokrasi menjadi semakin penting dalam memastikan manfaat investasi langsung asing untuk mendorong pembangunan. Makalah ini mengkaji hubungan antara demokrasi dan FDI, serta pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Penulis menggunakan regresi model data panel dengan menggunakan data dari lima negara ASEAN (ASEAN-5) dan tiga negara Asia Timur selama periode 1997-2019. Hasil empiris penelitian ini menemukan bahwa penanaman modal asing secara statistik mempunyai hubungan yang positif dan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Namun, kebebasan ekonomi di negara tuan rumah tidak berkorelasi dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi karena hasilnya menunjukkan korelasi yang signifikan dan negatif antara demokrasi dan pertumbuhan. Studi ini juga menemukan bahwa dampak FDI terhadap pertumbuhan bergantung pada tingkat demokrasi di negara tuan rumah. Koefisien positif hasil istilah interaksi antara demokrasi dan FDI menunjukkan bahwa FDI berkorelasi positif dengan pertumbuhan di negara demokrasi yang lebih kuat.

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The role of democracy has become increasingly important in ensuring the benefits of foreign direct investment to promote development. This paper investigates the relationship between democracy and FDI, as well as their influence towards economic growth. The author uses panel data model regression using data from five ASEAN countries (ASEAN-5) and three East Asian countries over the period of 1997-2019. The empirical results of this research found that foreign direct investment has statistically positive and significant correlation on economic growth. However, the economic freedom in the host country is not correlated with economic growth as the results show a significant and negative correlation between democracy and growth. This study also found that the impact of FDI on growth is dependent on the democracy level in host country. The positive coefficient in the interaction term results between democracy and FDI indicates that FDI is positively more correlated with growth in stronger democratic countries."

"Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh ketidakpatuhan yang dilakukan oleh PT X atas kewajiban perpajakannya sebagai Wajib Pajak di KPP PMA Tiga. Terdapat Account Representative (AR) sebagai pelaksana pengawasan kepatuhan Wajib Pajak, serta Kepala Seksi Pengawasan sebagai penanggungjawab pada pengawasan kepatuhan Wajib Pajak di KPP PMA Tiga. Setelah diberikan pengawasan oleh AR, PT X terindikasi tindak pidana di bidang perpajakan berupa penggelapan pajak. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengawasan kepatuhan Wajib Pajak atas kasus penggelapan pajak PT X, serta kendala yang dihadapi oleh KPP PMA Tiga. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan teknik analisis data kualitatif. Hasil yang diperoleh melalui wawancara dan studi literatur pada pihak yang terlibat menyatakan bahwa pengawasan kepatuhan WP di KPP PMA Tiga telah sesuai dengan SE-39 Tahun 2015, terdapat perbedaan dari penerapan SE-39 Tahun 2015 dengan SE-05 Tahun 2022 mengenai pengawasan kepatuhan Wajib Pajak, serta terdapat beberapa kendala yang dihadapi dalam melakukan pengawasan terhadap Wajib Pajak di KPP PMA Tiga. Kendala-kendala yang dihadapi dalam pengawasan kepatuhan PT X di KPP PMA Tiga, yaitu kurangnya waktu untuk mempelajari proses bisnis PT X, kurangnya fasilitas yang memadai, dan PT X yang tidak memberikan penjelasan. Hal yang harus dilakukan oleh KPP PMA Tiga dalam menghadapi kendala-kendala tersebut, yaitu mempelajari lebih dalam terkait dengan pedoman pengawasan kepatuhan WP yang sudah diperbaharui, serta memperkerjakan pihak ketiga untuk membantu pekerjaan Account Representative dalam melakukan pengawasan terhadap kepatuhan Wajib Pajak.

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This research is motivated by non-compliance by PT X on its tax obligations as a taxpayer at KPP PMA Tiga. There is an Account Representative (AR) as the implementer of taxpayer compliance supervision, as well as the Head of the Supervision Section as the person in charge of supervising taxpayer compliance at KPP PMA Tiga. After being given supervision by AR, PT X is indicated to be a criminal offense in the field of taxation in the form of tax evasion. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the supervision of taxpayer compliance in the PT X tax evasion case, as well as the obstacles faced by KPP PMA Tiga. The research method was conducted using a qualitative approach and qualitative data analysis techniques. The results obtained through interviews and literature studies on the parties involved state that the supervision of taxpayer compliance at KPP PMA Tiga is in accordance with SE-39 of 2015, there are differences from the application of SE-39 of 2015 with SE-05 of 2022 regarding the supervision of taxpayer compliance, and there are several obstacles faced in supervising taxpayers at KPP PMA Tiga. The obstacles faced in supervising PT X's compliance at KPP PMA Tiga are the lack of time to study PT X's business processes, the lack of adequate facilities, and PT X not providing explanations. Things that must be done by KPP PMA Tiga in dealing with these obstacles, namely studying more deeply related to the updated taxpayer compliance supervision guidelines, and hiring a third party to assist the Account Representative's work in supervising taxpayer compliance."

"This research is aimed to investigate the relationship of tax incentive and FDI and also the influence of other factors, such as the availability of natural resources, economic stability, market size, and openness to trade, to the FDI?s decision. FDI measurement is using the actual figure of FDI in mining sector industry in Indonesia per GDP as the proxy. Hypothesis test is conducted using statistical method, which is Pearson Correlation Coefficient with sample of mining sector industry in general (non-oil & gas) from 2008 until 2013.

The results of this research is in contrary with the prior research?s results from Babatunde & Shakirat Adepeju in 2012, which this results conclude that tax incentive has no significant relationship to the FDI?s attractiveness to the mining sector industry in Indonesia. On the other hand, there are two variables that have significant relationship to the FDI?s attractiveness, which is consistent with the prior research. The two variables are the availability of natural resources and the openness to trade."

"Sektor kehutanan adalah salah satu sumber bagi penerimaan pendapatan daerah. Oleh sebab itu pengelolaan hutan haruslah dilakukan secara lestari agar kesinambungan dari hasil hutan dapat tetap terjaga. Pengelolaan hutan meliputi kegiatan yaitu memanfaatkan, merehabilitasi dan melindungi hutan. Dari kegiatan pemanfaatan hutan tersebut akan diperoleh pendapatan sektor kehutanan bagi daerah sesuai dengan UU Nomor 25 Tahun 1999 yaitu yang berasal dari bagi hasil antara pusat dengan daerah berupa PSDH dan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD).Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa jauh peningkatan pendapatan daerah yang berasal dari sektor kehutanan dapat dilihat melalui pengelolaan hutan yang telah dilaksanakan. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dimana menggambarkan menurut apa adanya keadaan nyata pada saat penelitian mengenai pengelolaan hutan dalam meningkatkan pendapatan daerah di Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei dengan tehnik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan Cara pengumpulan data primer melalui wawancara tak terstruktur dengan menanyakan langsung kepada aparatur pemerintah baik di provinsi maupun kabupaten dan para nara sumber yang ada sedangkan data sekunder dikumpulkan melalui pencatatan langsung di instansi-instansi pemerintah, studi berbagai dokumen dan literatur yang ada.Teknik analisa data yang dilakukan yaitu analisa data kualitatif berdasarkan hasil pengamatan, wawancara dan dokumen yang diolah secara tabulasi dan kemudian dilakukan analisa data meliputi aspek sosial, ekonomi dan budaya.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengelolaan hutan dalam meningkatkan pendapatan daerah di Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur belum berjalan dengan baik. lni disebabkan:

1. Pengelolaan hutan oleh Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur dalam memanfaatkan hutan menemui hambatan berupa ketidaksiapan masyarakat setempat, Rehabilitasi lahan hanya 30% yang dilakukan justru kerusakan hutan yang meningkat sebesar 10% setiap tahunnya, kegiatan perlindungan hutan belum dapat mencegah kayu-kayu ilegal yang berasal dari kegiatan ilegal logging selain itu perlindungan hutan masih belum dapat mencegah terjadinya kebakaran hutan.
2. Penerimaan PSDH sektor kehutanan tahun 1999-2002 mengalami penurunan 20% setiap tahunnya.
3. Penerimaan PAD sektor kehutanan melalui Perda Nomor 14 Tahun 2000 memiliki banvak kelemahan yang justru menimbulkan terjadinya penurunan pendapatan bagi daerah serta peluang bagi ilegal logging dan praktek KKN.

Berdasarkan kesimpulan di atas, maka saran yang dapat diberikan adalah sebagai berikut:

1. Meningkatkan kembali rehabilitasi terhadap hutan-hutan yang telah rusak disamping meningkatkan perlindungan hutan dengan memberikan sanksi yang lebih tegas terhadap para pelanggar agar penerimaan daerah dari hasil hutan dapat meningkat.
2. Mencabut Perda Nomor 14 Tahun 2000 Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur.

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"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini menganalisa peran penanaman modal asing (PMA) dari Korea terhadap perdagangan intra-industri (IIT) Indonesia dan Korea untuk produk manufaktur pada kurun waktu 2000-2013. Menggunakan data tahunan dari World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS) pada level produk SITC Rev.3, didekomposisi IIT ke dalam 3 kelompok yaitu horizontal IIT (HIIT), upper vertical IIT (upper VIIT), dan lower vertical IIT (lower VIIT) sesuai Ito dan Okubo (2012). Memanfaatkan data agregasi terkecil, unit value dijadikan proksi pengelompokkan kualitas, hal yang sulit dilakukan dengan agregasi terbesar walaupun yang didapatkan adalah rata-rata harga tahunan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan PMA Korea secara positif dan signifikan mempengaruhi indeks IIT. Terkait dengan AKFTA, terjadi peningkatan pada lower VIIT namun penurunan indeks IIT.

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ABSTRACT

This thesis aim to analyze the role of Korea?s Foreign Direct Investment in Indonesia and its effect to the extent of intra-industry trade between Korea and Indonesia on manufacture products during the period 2000-2013. Using World Integrated Trade Solution data at the level of SITC Rev. 3, trade is decomposed into 3 group of quality: horizontal IIT (HIIT), upper vertical IIT (upper VIIT), and lower vertical IIT (lower VIIT) in Ito and Okubo (2012). The results in general shows inter industry trade dominates with share of more than 80% of trade. The decomposition of Grubel-Lloyd index into the three intra-industry groups support the notion that the intra-industry trade rose after ASEAN-Korea Free Trade (AKFTA) particularly for the human capital and technology intensive products. Korea?s FDI inflow to Indonesia also shows a positive impact on IIT index of manufacture sector. We agree that AKFTA may bring more imports to Indonesia leading to increase intra-industry trade in lower vertical group."