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"What does it take to build a successful corporate alliance? The dramatically high failure rate -- estimated at 60 to 75% -- suggests that alliance managers often lack the knowledge and skills to determine strategic fit, negotiate win-win agreements, align organizational cultures, and -- perhaps most important of all -- get people to work together productively. This book provides the practical guidance needed to make alliances work. In The Strongest Link, strategic alliance experts Slowinski and Sagal draw on over 40 years of experience working with companies to form strong, profitable collaborations, including AT&T, NEC, Battelle, Eli Lilly, and Procter & Gamble. Packed with stories of these and other companies, the book features exclusive, proven methodologies for planning, structuring, and negotiating an alliance, as well as strategies for training participants in collaborative management."

"ABSTRACTIn Year 2011, heavy equipment sale reached 17,360 units or growth 47% year by year. In 2012, heavy equipment sale is expected to reach 210,000 units, growing 21% compared to 2011. This condition will be impact to the needs of component or spare part for heavy equipment, especially for filter part. Capturing this opportunity, PT Andalan Multi Kencana and PT Astra Otoparts Tbk has made strategic alliance since the end of 2010. This thesis is about analyzes why this strategic alliance cannot capture that opportunity and how to improve the strategy alliance between them. Besides of that, this thesis also analyze the new types of strategy alliance can be adopted by PT Andalan Multi Kencana and PT Astra Otoparts Tbk to enlarge the market size in amount. The analysis will starts from defining external environment and find the opportunities and threat that lie within. Besides of external environment, internal environment also has to be defined to capture the strength and weakness that company has. Using SWOT analysis, strategy can be defined based on all opportunities, threat, strength and weaknesses."

"Salah satu sifat alami dari perusahaan adalah untuk mengejar competitive advantage atas pesaingnya dalam sebuah industri. Namun bagaimanapun, untuk mencapai competitive advantage sangatlah sulit terutama karena persaingan yang kian ketat antar perusahaan. Kondisi ini mengharuskan seorang manajer perusahaan untuk menghasilkan cara baru untuk unggul dalam kompetisi. Oleh karena itu, tesis ini dibuat untuk menganjurkan perusahaan agar terlibat dalam aliansi strategis sebagai media untuk mendapatkan competitive advantage. Penelitian mengatakan bahwa aliansi strategis akan meningkatkan pasokan sumber daya dan saluran jaringan. Selain itu, aliansi strategis juga akan memfasilitasi peningkatan kompetensi inti perusahaan serta untuk belajar dan mengembangkan kemampuan strategis baru. Studi ini menganalisis manfaat yang perusahaan bisa dapatkan jika mereka terintegrasi dalam sebuah aliansi. Manfaat ini juga akan mengarah ke pencapaian competitive advantage. Selain itu, tesis ini juga menyelidiki bagaimana cara untuk membangun sebuah aliansi serta bagaimana cara untuk berhasil mengelola aliansi, karena tidak jarang aliansi menemui kegagalan selama beroperasi. Selain itu, tesis ini juga menghadirkan dua analisa kasus, yang akan menggambarkan konsep dan teori aliansi strategis untuk dunia bisnis yang nyata. Menggabungkan unsur-unsur tersebut, tesis ini berharap dapat mengungkap apa yang diperlukan bagi perusahaan untuk menciptakan competitive advantage dengan terlibat dalam sebuah aliansi strategis yang menguntungkan.

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It is the nature of the firms to pursue competitive advantage over the rivals in the industry. But however, it is very difficult to achieve competitive advantage especially due to the fiercer competition between firms, which now has been amplifying more than ever. This condition forces manager to impose new way to be stand out in the competition. Hence, this thesis promotes firms to engage in strategic alliances as the medium in order to gain competitive advantage. It is said that strategic alliance will boosts the supply of resources and networking channel. In addition to that, strategic alliance will facilitates the improvement of firm’s core competence as well as to learn and develop new strategic capabilities. This study analyses the benefits that the firms may get if they are integrated in an alliance. These benefits will also leads to the achievement of competitive advantage. Furthermore, this thesis correspondingly investigates the approaches for alliance to gain competitive advantage as well as how to successfully manage alliance, since there are many alliances meet failure during the operation. Moreover, this thesis also presents two case analyses, which will illustrate the concepts and theories of strategic alliance to the real business world. Combining those elements, this thesis hopes to unravel what it takes for firms to create competitive advantage by engaging in fruitful strategic alliance."

"The airline industry has been challenged, during the last years, by the opening of the European market, the adjustments required to deal with the new competitive environment and the pressure of the US open skies strategy. European airlines have developed innovative strategies in order to adapt themselves to market growth and competition challenges. During the last decade they have achieved considerable productivity improvements, which now permits the sector to create new jobs. However they still suffer from relative structural fragmentation and financial fragility when compared to their main competitors, notably North-American carriers.Liberalization and globalization make the market increasingly competitive and require airlines to undertake large restructuring efforts. European Commission authorized state aid as a one-off measure to help national carriers to restructure during the transition to the liberalized single market. This transition is now over. The airline industry suffers from the same handicap as other industries in Europe, justifying general initiatives enhancing the efficiency of the economic environment.The 11 September 2001 Tragedy no matter terrible should be identified as a one-off event and not a structural crisis. Air France wanted to act quickly while at the same time taking measures that could be easily reversed when needed. It needed quick action while at the same time avoiding over-reaction. Air France announced an adjustment plan on 18 September. which included among other things a freeze on hiring, a reduction in capacity and a number of cost-saving measures. Air France constantly shifted Its capacity regionally as it betted on the fact that the strength of Its hub, Paris/COG 2, allows it to resist the downturn and attract customers to Paris, thus gaining market share.By the end of November, instead of a growth forecast of 7% over the winter of 2000, Air France had the results stabilized and the winter of 2001 was on the same level as the year before. The capacity reduced less than others but the load factors and the yields, whereas the figures for the European airlines were down 10% and even worse ¡n the U.S.In general, and despite the huge financial losses it incurred, the European airline industry reacted much better this time than during the Gulf War crisis of 1990-91. This is largely due to greater flexibility in managing capacity and to a certain self- imposed discipline, which avoided a potentially disastrous fares war. In the end the fare structure might be imposed instead, which basically covered the costs.Though for some other airlines still questionable, the alliances played an important role in helping Air France manage the crisis. In spite of some initial problems between European and U.S. carriers due to what was perceived as dumping practices on the part of the Americans, at a later stage a dialogue was possible on the issue of fares, thus avoiding much heavier losses. In this case, Air France was able to talk to Delta on these Issues after receiving antitrust immunity in January. In the future, the alliances may play an even larger role in minimizing the impact of such event, market slowdown, or even economic turndown.Overall revenue figures for the industry are still down in the largest markets. There is still a depressed demand in the U.S. We are also facing additional costs as a result of 11 September, in particular ¡n the areas of security and insurance. Just in terms Of insurance, Air France is facing an annual cost increase of around US$100m.Airline industry apparently cannot cover its capital costs. The authorities seem to realize it but they easily forget it as soon as the routines clock back. Unfortunately, if traffic decreases, the airports and the air traffic control authorities immediately increase their charges in order to compensate for lost revenue. There a great imbalance amongst player in the air transport industry.Part of the blame for this, of course, lies within the industry. The low-cost carriers, for instance, while playing a useful role in opening up a new market segment to aviation are also damaging the industry as a whole. Their product is different, they occupy a niche of their own but in their communication they imply.Air France practiced renegotiation, delivery delay, and restructures operating lease, which enables itself to withdraw aircraft from the fleet without being financially penalized. 11 September obviously spurred the airlines to slightly alter their plans and at least to anticipate some measures. Nine A310s were withdrawn from the fleet of Air France nine months ahead of time. They will be replaced by A330-200s. Two 747-200s and one 767 were withdrawn from long-haul operations, while in the medium-haul sector operating leases on three A321 s and one 737-300 were not renewed. The use of short-to-medium term operational leases has given Air France great flexibility in times of crisis. It seems that Air France learned the lesson of 1991 when it received brand-new aircraft that ended immediately parked iri the desert.Strategic alliance is considered to have helped in avoiding cost increases, and building synergic complementary network. Through a code share, one could double a frequency without any spending. This means altogether substantial investment savings. On the cargo side, SkyTeam, for example, has developed frreaChiflg synergies between Air France, Delta and Korean.The alliances are still a very young phenomenon and they have not yet expressed all their potential. Common marketing strategies might do the trick, while preserving the identity and ¡mage of each partner, will also fosters the growth of the SkyTeam brand. The alliance has made much progress over the past three years and the antitrust immunity granted in January will lead to a qualitative jump in its partner relationship."

"Penelitian ini membahas mengapa strategic alliance (SA) tidak diperlakukan sama oleh Otoritas Persaingan seperti halnya Merger & Akuisisi (M&A), menganalisis implikasi SA dalam pasar menggunakan teori-teori ekonomi dan hukum. Selain itu, mengangkat bagaimana penerapan hukum persaingan usaha di Indonesia dalam menangani SA. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif analitis, deduksi dan induksi. Persamaan antara SA dan M&A adalah ada unsur integrasi antar dua pelaku usaha atau lebih dalam suatu pasar sehingga dapat mempengaruhi keadaan dan kompetisi di pasar. SA tidak otomatis dilarang, karena justru dapat berakibat pro persaingan dalam pasar. Pemeriksaan atas SA harus diarahkan pada praktek pelaku usaha dalam aliansi dengan dibedakan antara ancillary atau naked. Perjanjian anti persaingan yang naked sepatutnya ditetapkan per se illegal, sedangkan di luar itu sebaiknya diperiksa berdasar rule of reason. Dalam SA harus dapat dibedakan antara unreasonable dan reasonable restraint agar Otoritas Persaingan Usaha (KPPU) dan Pengadilan dapat menentukan praktek apa yang dilarang dan diperbolehkan. Dengan demikian, bermanfaat pula untuk penentuan remedy yang paling baik bagi pasar. Dari hasil penelitian putusan KPPU, dapat disimpulkan bahwa KPPU juga memeriksa SA berdasar perjanjian dan praktek oleh pelaku usaha yang beraliansi.

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This study discusses why the strategic alliance (SA) is not treated equally by the Competition Authorities as well as Mergers & Acquisitions (M & A), analyzes the implications of SA in the market using economic theories and antitrust law. In addition, this study also raises the application of antitrust law in Indonesia in regulating SA. The methods used in this research are analytical descriptive method, deduction and induction. Similarity between SA and M & A is that there"s an element of integration among two or more business actors that could affect the competition in the market. SA is not automatically prohibited, because it may result pro competition effects. Scrutiny of SA ought to be focused on business practices in the alliance with the distinction: "ancillary" or "naked". Anti competitive agreements which are "naked" have to be condemned illegal per se, other than that should be examined based on the rule of reason. In SA, authorities need to distinguish between "unreasonable" and "reasonable" restraint so they and the Court can determine which practices are prohibited and allowed. Thus, it will also be useful to define the best remedy for the market. From analyzing KPPU decision, it can be concluded that KPPU also looks at SA based on agreements and business practices of the alliance."

"ABSTRAKStrategic Alliance is becoming more important ¡n the globalization era,moreover in the rapid changing technology and greater complexity of process andservices in the business world. Two or more companies with their different corecompetencies could establish a strategic alliance in order to achieve a synergy and toposition themselves as a Competitive company in the market. A comprehensiveunderstanding of Strategic Alliance is presented ¡n Chapter 2. Indonesia as one of the emerging countries ¡n Asia has attracted manyinvestors from different countries. This includes an attractive investment in theproperty industry which experienced booming in 1990 and 1994. The propertymarket in Indonesia particularly in Jakarta has experienced a tremendous growthsince the last five years. This is due to the rapid increase of foreign direct investment(FDI) inflow to Indonesia. A Joint Venture as a form of Strategic Alliance is partnership between twoparties or more. They may establish either fifty-fifty or unequal equity partnership.This study is to elaborate a 50-50 or an equally equity Joint Venture process betweenPT. Z and a foreign investor in property development which is often viewed as aproblem in voting. The purpose of this study is to elaborate a 50-50 Joint Ventureprocese between PT. Z, a local property developer and a foreign investor. As aguidelines a sequence process of joint venture is provided. PT. Z is a medium sized property developer which prefers focusing on a nichemarket. PT. Z has operated a good quality and international standard rentalapartment in South Jakarta. It is performing very well In terms of income andoccupancy level. PT. Z has also acquired a parcel of land in the Jakarta?s CBD areaand keeps it for future development. The shareholders of PT. Z have realized thatthey have a limited capital resources to build the office building. Raising a new loanwill not be possible as the company has already a very high leverage. Havingconsidered all factors by using SWOT analysis, PT. Z will use high value of theapartment to seek foreign partner who can bring new equity to the company. PT. Zoffers 50% equity partnership to the incoming foreign partner. The HIC-SEA (Holding Investment Corporation for South East Asia) is asubsidiary of a large prominent European-based multinational company. The HIC-.SEA isinterested in investing in the property market in the region and will manage propertyportfolio in South East Asia countries including in Indonesia. The HIC-SEA is registered inBermuda and has chosen Singapore as a regional base operation. A WIN-WiN negotiation could be implemented in achieving a joint ventureagreement because both parties will work together for a long term period. Building afoundation for negotiation should be based on similarity of offer/requirements, thenmoving up to negotiate differences in order to achieve WiN-WiN situation.There are several key issues in structuring a 50-50 JoInt Venture such as controland managent, buy-sell provisions In relating to a deadlock resolution in the JointVenture Company. The Joint Venture Company should limit the number of Board ofCommissioners and Board of Directors members in order to speed-up the decisionmaking process. Business plan for the Joint Venture Company should be preparedcarefully to avoid misunderstanding between the two parties. A summary of the joint venture process is as follows: 1. Set-up the objective of doing joint venture 2. Do valuation of the subject properties 3. Arrange all legal documents such as land thle, building permit, artides of association. 4. Do feasibility study for a proposed project and/or prepare property report including investment proposal (e.g. how many percent the shares participation is offered) 5. Set-up criteria for the foreign partner(s) 6. Prepare the agenda for a WiN-WIN negotiation 7. Go through the due diligent process 8. Legally binding agreement"

"PT HM Sampoerna sebagai produsen rokok kelompok tiga besar di Indonesia perlu sckali melakukan ekspansi bisnisnya di pasar inetemasional sehingga analisa mengenai strategi ekspansi bisnisnya perlu dikaji Iebih mendalam Pemahaman yang menyuluruh menyangkut berbagai aspek strategi, manajemen perusahaan akan dapal mengetahui bentuk strategi bisnis mana yang cukup berhasil dilakukan serta yang kurang berhasil. Untuk sukses ekspansi bisnis di pasar internasional maka diperlukan persiapan strategi yang selektif dan matang sekali untuk mendukung kemajuan bisnis pemsahaan dalam jangka panjang.Pennasalahan paling utama yang dihadapi oleh perseroan adalah semakin ketatnya tingkat persaingan antar produsen rokok terulama dalam persaingan di pasar intemasional sorta -banyaknya hambatan dalam rangka ekspansi bisnis. Sedangkan tujuan penelitiarn ini akan menerangkan alasan kenapa HM Sampoerna melakukan ekspansi di pasar inlemasional, serta mengetahui bentuk dan tahapan pelaksanaan strategi bisnisnya kemudian mengelahui herbagai hambatan dan kendala dalam melakukan ekspansi serta bagaimana menyusun stralegi bisnis baru yang seharusnya dilakukan.Umuk menghasilkan penelitian yang berkualitas maka metode penelitian dilakukan bersifat deskriptif dan eksplanatif dengan membandingkan berbagai model strategi bisnis yang diterapkan oleh manajemen. Selain itu melakukan kajian wawancara dengan pihak manajemen dan melakukan pengumpulan data terakhir mengenai kinerja HM Sampoerna dan tidak kelinggalan melakukan referensi pustaka.Hasil penelilian ini menggambarkan bahwa HM Sampoema telah tepar dan sukses menjalankan beberapa strategi bisnisnya sehingga sanggup memajukan bisnisnya di pasar luar negeri, perseroan juga memperoleh konstribusi penjualan dari pasar luar neged mencapai peningkatan 17% tiap tahunnya, kondisi persaingan bisnis rokok di pasar intemasional sangat ketat temtama datang dari pesaing lokal di luar negeri.Secara umum kinerja PT HM Sampoema dalam melakukan strategi eksparisi bisnis di pasar internasional cukup bagus dan akan terus menems dikembangkan ke daerah yahg potensial lainnya. Hal ini dilakukan karena perkembangan dan pertumbuhan industri rokok di pasar intemasional sangat potensial sekali sehingga HM Sampoema perlu memprioritaskan rencana ekspansi bisnisnya di luar negeri."

"Penetapan Kawasan Andalan dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah dan sekaligus untuk meningkatkan pemerataan pembangunan daerah. Keberadaan Kawasan Andalan memegang peranan penting sebagai acuan alokasi investasi bagi pemerintah daerah, swasta, dan masyarakat. Dengan keberhasilan pengembangan kawasan andalan diharapkan dalam jangka panjang kemampuan pemerintah daerah dalam proses perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pemantauan dan evaluasi pembanguan di Propinsi Lampung akan semakin meningkat, terutama dalam hal peningkatan kualitas pelayanan kepada masyarakat dan kinerja pembangunan ekonomi pada daerah Kabupaten dan Kota. Pada tahun anggaran 2000 telah disusun Rencana Program Pengembangan Kawasan Andalan Bandar Lampung dan Metro, dengan demikian maka pembahasan akan dilakukan batas kawasan strategis yang memiliki komoditas potensial untuk dipacu pengembangannya sesuai dengan basis ekonomi yang dimiliki yaitu hanya pada Kota Bandar Lampung dan Kota Metro.Pertumbuhan ekonomi wilayah dan pembangunan dapat dilakukan bersamaan melalui perluasan kegiatan ekonomi. Program pengembangan Kawasan Andalan itu sendiri bertujuan untuk Melakukan identifikasi terhadap sektor unggulan, dan sub kawasan strategis darn Mengevaluasi Berta Menganalisis Kota Bandar Lampung-Metro sebagai kawasan andalan, dalam pengembangan sektor dan sub kawasan strategis.Berdasarkan kebijakan pengembangan Kawasan Andalan untuk kawasan Bandar Lampung dan Metro bahwa ada beberapa sektor yang bukan menjadi andalan akan tetapi merupakan pendukung sektor andalan dan dapat dikategorikan sebagai kawasan andalan seperti halnya di Kota Metro di mana untuk sektor Pertanian sebagai sektor unggulan meskipun bukan merupakan sektor andalan akan tetapi di dorong dari sub sektor peternakan, sedangkan untuk Kota Bandar Lampung mempunyai kategori kawasan andalan dan sesuai dengan kebijakan yang ada. Kebijakan daerah dalam penerapan untuk Kota Bandar Lampung sebagai kawasan andalan cocok dengan fungsi Kota Bandar Lampung sebagai Pusat pemerintahan Propinsi Lampung. Dari hasil perhitungan LQ hampir semua sektor merupakan sektor basis dan Shift Share mempunyai share yang tinggi (dominan)."