Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"This essay analyzes the greenbelt controversy in South Korea, triggered during thegreenbelt revision process in 1999. Drawing on Lefebvre&rsquos theory of the productionof space, it examines how Korean greenbelts were produced both as abstractand social spaces, and how they were appropriated by different groups involvedin the controversy. The case study shows that the contestations over greenbeltswere not only material but also symbolic and discursive processes where differentimaginations of, as well as interests in, land and nature competed. Deconstructingthe diverse discourses of greenbelts and highlighting their complexity, this essaychallenges the dichotomy implicit in new social movement theories, which tends toassume defensiveness as the basic nature of progressive collective actions againstcolonizing efforts by globally operating forces. Instead, it decouples defensivenessand progressive politics, and suggests that local contexts shape diverse paths ofcollective actions."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini membahas mengenai kondisi politik dan sosial Korea Selatan di tahun 1960-an, melalui sudut pandang tokoh utama dalam novel Yenang Pungmulji karya Lee Byeong-Ju. Tokoh utama digambarkan sebagai seorang mantan narapidana yang menjalani kehidupan sehari-harinya bersama dengan penyakit Tuberkulosis yang ia derita. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif-analisis. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan teknik arus kesadaran dan pendekatan sosiologi sastra dengan menghubungkan sudut pandang tokoh utama dengan kondisi politik dan sosial masyarakat Korea Selatan pada masa ditulisnya novel tersebut, yaitu pada awal tahun 1970-an. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Korea Selatan yang terkenal dengan ekonomi dan hiburannya yang maju sekarang ini, ternyata pernah mengalami masa-masa sulit pasca-Perang Korea. Kesulitan yang dialami oleh masyarakat Korea Selatan pada masa itu, selain terjadi karena Perang Korea yang telah memporakporandakan sumber daya alam maupun sumber daya manusia, juga akibat kondisi yang belum stabil khususnya demokratisasi yang masih dalam perjuangan. Lebih lanjut, Perang Korea dan ketidakstabilan politik berpengaruh juga pada buruknya kondisi bidang lainnya, seperti bidang sosial yang menunjukkan adanya perubahan berkaitan dengan peran gender dalam keluarga dan lingkungan kerja publik.

---

ABSTRACTThis research explains about social and political condition of South Korea in 1960 39s from the point of view of the main character of Yenang Pungmulji written by Lee Byeong Ju. The main character is an ex convict who lives a suffered life from Tuberculosis. This research is a qualitative research with a descriptive analysis method. Stream of consciousness technique and sociology of literature theory is used in this study by connecting the point of view of the main character with the social and political condition in South Korea society during the time this novel was written in 1970 39s. The findings of this research show that South Korea which was known for their advanced economy and entertainment, have had experienced difficulties after Korean War. The difficulties that South Korean people faced during that time is due to Korean War that had exploited human and nature resources. It is also due to political unstability that they faced the struggle of democratization. That situation brought bad impacts on other sectors which led to social changes. In other words, during post Korean War, gender roles in family and public work environment shows dissimilarity than before the war happened."

"Sejarah gerakan sosial dalam mewujudkan pemerintahan yang demokratis di Korea Selatan tercatat dalam banyak peristiwa besar seperti Revolusi 19 April 1960, Demonstrasi Gwangju 1980, Gerakan Demokratisasi 1987, hingga demonstrasi menurunkan presiden Park Geun-Hye tahun 2016. Gerakan sosial merupakan cerminan dari usaha masyarakat Korea Selatan dalam mengkritisi sistem pemerintahan yang sedang berlangsung. Penelitian ini akan membahas tentang transformasi gerakan sosial dalam menentang pemerintahan yang berkuasa sebelum dan sesudah tahun 1987. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan perubahan gerakan sosial sebelum dan sesudah tahun 1987. Pada hasil akhir penelitian ini dijelaskan bahwa terdapat adanya perubahan pada cara mengkritisi pemerintah. Sebelum tahun 1980-an penyampaian kritik dilakukan secara anarkis, sedangkan setelah tahun 1980-an penyampaian kritik dapat dilakukan secara damai.

---

The history of social movement in creating democratic governance in South Korea has been recorded in many major events such as the 19th April Revolution of 1960, the 1980 Gwangju Demonstration, the 1987 Democratization Movement, even the demonstrations that dropped President Park Geun-Hye in 2016. The social movements portray the South Korean people`s efforts in criticizing the ongoing government system. This study aims to analyze the transformation of social movements in opposing the ruling government before and after 1987. As a result, this study explains that there is a transformation in the way of criticizing the government. Before the 1980s, the criticism was delivered anarchically. However, after the 1980s, the delivery of the critiques can be done peacefully."