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Ditemukan 11358 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query
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Distinctiveness effects in children's long-term retention
"In 3 experiments, kindergarten and second-grade children's retention was examined in the context of 2 distinctiveness manipulations, namely, the von Restorff and bizarre imagery paradigms. Specifically, children learned lists of pictures (Experiments la and lb) or interactive images (Experiment 2) and were asked to recall them 3 weeks later. In Experiments la and lb, distinctiveness was manipulated perceptually (changing colors) and conceptually (changing categories or switching to a numeral), whereas in Experiment 2, distinctiveness concerned the interaction (common or bizarre) between the referents. The results showed that (a) older children retained more information than younger children, (b) younger but not older children failed to benefit from numerically distinct information, and (c) distinctiveness in other domains facilitated children's retention. These results highlight the importance of distinctive information in children's retention"
155 DPS 36:6 (2000)
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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The /O/ in OVER is different from the /O/ in OTTER: The /O/ in OVER is different from the /O/ in OTTER:Phonological effects in children with and without dyslexia.
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First-letter naming was used to investigate the role of phonology in printed word perception in children with and without dyslexia. In 2 experiments, all children showed faster first-letter-naming times in a congruent condition than in an incongruent condition, which suggests that phonology is a fundamental constraint in the printed word perception of readers of all levels and all skills. An explanation in terms of a recurrent network put forward by G. C. Van Orden and S. D. Goldinger (1996) is discussed to account for the apparent paradox in the reading behavior of readers with dyslexia, that is, that in first-letter naming, dyslexic readers appear to show phonological congruity effects, whereas in pseudoword reading, their phonological knowledge appears to be deficient or absent"
155 DPS 36:6 (2000)
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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From objects to quantities: Developments in preschool children's judgments about aggregate amount.
"The impact of object boundaries on children's developing quantitative reasoning was examined in a study of children's judgments about aggregate amount. Children at ages 3, 4. and 5 years were asked to help a Cookie Monster get as much to eat as possible by choosing between alternative collections that differed in the number and size of the cookies they contained and also in aggregate amount. Results indicated that children were heavily influenced by the size of individual cookies at 3 years of age but were generally unsuccessful in aggregating size information across multiple cookies until 5 years. The contrast between children's sensitivity to object sizes from an early age and the relatively late achievement of accurate judgments of aggregate amount underscores the significance for quantitative development of the distinction between discrete objects and mathematical quantities"
155 DPS 36:6 (2000)
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Development of logical reasoning: Children's ability to verbally explain the nature of the distinction between logical and nonlogical forms of argument
"Previous research by D. Moshman and B. Franks (1986) supported the hypothesis that children do not explicitly understand the nature of the distinction between logical and nonlogical forms of argument. This research examined the performance of 8–11-year-olds (N  = 220) on Moshman and Franks's experimental tasks when the children were cued to apply particular comprehension strategies. Findings from 2 experiments indicated that a significant number of children are capable of explicitly recognizing the necessity of logical forms and the indeterminacy of nonlogical forms and that this competence must be distinguished from their tendency to fail to attend to structural relationships between propositions and to monitor the intrusion of extraneous personal knowledge in assessing the validity of an argument. The findings suggest that all of these competencies are important components of the ability to distinguish logical and nonlogical arguments"
155 DPS 36:6 (2000)
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Ratri Tamayanti
Hubungan kecanduan internet dengan perkembangan sosial anak usia sekolah di Kelurahan Makasar, Jakarta = Internet addiction related to social development relation of school age children in Kelurahan Makasar, Jakarta
"Pemakaian internet berlebih dapat menyebabkan kecanduan internet. Kecanduan internet menyebabkan berbagai dampak negatif, salah satunya perkembangan sosial. Perkembangan sosial anak usia sekolah merupakan masa peralihan yang memiliki rasa ketertarikan untuk mengeksplorasi lingkungan sekitar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kecanduan internet dengan perkembangan sosial anak usia sekolah di Kelurahan Makasar. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional dengan jumlah responden 287 yang dipilih melalui teknik cluster stratified random sampling. Pengukuran kecanduan internet menggunakan instrumen Internet Addiction Test dan perkembangan sosial anak diukur menggunakan instrumen Social Skill Inventory. Hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi gamma dan didapatkan hasil bahwa terdapat korelasi yang bermakna dengan arah korelasi positif dengan kekuataan korelasi kuat antara kecanduan internet dengan perkembanan sosial anak (p value= 0,0001, r= 0,615). Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat dijadikan sebagai informasi dan invoasi untuk edukasi pemakaian internet yang bijak dan menstimulus perkembangan sosial anak dalam proses pembelajaran di rumah atau sekolah.
Excessive use of the internet can cause internet addiction. Internet addiction causes various negative effects, one of which is social development. The social development of school-age children is a transitional period that has an interest in exploring the surrounding environment. This study aims to adhere to the relationship of internet addiction to the social development of school-age children in the Makassar Village. The research design used was cross-sectional with the number of respondents 287 selected through the cluster stratified random sampling technique. Measurements of internet addiction using the Internet Addiction Test instrument and the development of child sosia were measured using the Social Skill Inventory instrument. The results of the study were annotated using the gamma correlation test and the results showed that there was a significant correlation with the direction of the positive correlation with the strong correlation between internet addiction and children's social development (p = 0,0001, r = 0.615). The results of the research are expected to be used as information and investment for educating wise internet usage and stimulating children's social development in the learning process at home or school."
Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Indonesia, 2019
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Fathia Afrazayne Safitri
Peran parenting attitude dan keterlibatan ayah terhadap perkembangan theory of mind anak usia 5-7 tahun = The role of parenting attitude and father involvement on 5-7 years old children's theory of mind development
"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi peran parenting attitude dan keterlibatan Ayah terhadap perkembangan theory of mind anak usia 5-7 tahun. 115 pasangan Ayah dan anak, yang berasal dari Jabodetabek dan luar Jabodetabek, ikut serta dalam penelitian ini. Kemampuan theory of mind anak diukur menggunakan Theory of Mind Scale. Sedangkan parenting attitude Ayah diukur dengan mengunakan Parenting Attitude Inventory (PAI) dan keterlibatan Ayah diukur dengan menggunakan Inventory of Father Involvement (IFI). Hasil analisis yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar partisipan Ayah menerapkan pengasuhan autonomy dan memiliki keterlibatan yang tinggi dalam pengasuhan. Namun, hasil analisis utama penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan parenting attitude dan keterlibatan Ayah tidak signifikan dalam memprediksi perkembangan theory of mind anak usia 5-7 tahun. Selain itu penelitian menemukan urutan perkembangan theory of mind anak usia 5-7 tahun merupakan DD > HE > DB > KA > Sarcasm > FB > Second Order.
This study aims to examine the role of parenting attitude and father involvement on 5-7 years old childrens theory of mind development. 115 fathers and children, from Jabodetabek and Outside Jabodetabek, participated in this study. Theory of Mind Scale was given to children. Their fathers completed Parenting Attitude Inventory (PAI) and Inventory of Father Involvement (IFI). Result shows that most of fathers preferred autonomy parenting and shows high levels of father involvement. Result shows that parenting attitude and father involvement cannot predict 5-7 years old childrens theory of mind development. In addition, result shows sequence of childrens theory of mind development is DD > HE > DB > KA > Sarcasm > FB > Second Order. "
Depok: Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Indonesia, 2020
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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The strong african american families program : a cluster-randomized prevention trial of long-term effects and mediational model
"The Strong African American Families Program, a universal preventive intervention to deter alcohol use among rural African American adolescents, was evaluated in a cluster-randomized prevention trial. This 7-week family skills training program is based on a contextual model in which intervention effects on youth protective factors lead to changes in alcohol use. African American 11-year-olds and their primary caregivers from 9 rural communities (N = 332 families) were randomly selected for study participation. Communities were randomized to prevention and control conditions. Intent-to-treat analyses indicated that fewer prevention than control adolescents initiated alcohol use; those who did evinced slower increases in use over time. Intervention-induced changes in youth protective factors mediated the effect of group assignment on long-term changes in use."
JCCP 74 (1-3) 2006
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Mirnawati Jasimah
Perkembangan perilaku anak umur 6-12 tahun dari keberadaan fungsi ruang terbuka hijau di 6 Kelurahan di Kecamatan Purworejo, Kabupaten Purworejo tahun 2016 = Behavioral development of children aged 6-12 years of the existence of green open space function in six Villages in the Purworejo Subdistric, Purworejo Districs 2016
"ABSTRAK
Keberadaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) dapat berfungsi sebagai tempat bermain
dan berinteraksi bagi anak-anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis
hubungan perkembangan perilaku anak umur 6-12 tahun dengan keberadaan
fungsi RTH. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi cross-sectional dan 216 sampel.
Data yang didapatkan berupa data primer melalui wawancara menggunakan
kuesioner mengenai RTH dan Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)
mengenai perkembangan perilaku anak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hanya
utilitas RTH dengan perkembangan perilaku anak yang memiliki hubungan
bermakna secara statistik. Nilai OR yang dihasilkan adalah 3,25 (CI 95%: 1,51-
6,98) dan nilai p sebesar 0,03. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa hanya
variabel utilitas RTH yang memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan perkembangan
perilaku anak.
ABSTRACT
The existence of green open space has function as a place to play and
interact with the children. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between
behavioral development of children aged 6-12 years with the presence of green
open space function. This study uses a cross-sectional study and 216 samples.
Data obtained in the form of primary data through interviews using a
questionnaire about RTH and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)
on the development of children's behavior. The results showed only green open
space utility with behavioral development of children who have a statistically
significant relationship. OR the resulting value was 3.25 (95% CI: 1.51 to 6.98)
and the p-value of 0.03. The conclusion from this study that the only variable
green open space utility that has a significant relationship with the development
of the child's behavior."
2016
S65116
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Pauline Boss
Families of the missing: psychosocial effects and therapeutic approaches
"ABSTRACT
Families of the missing often have no facts to clarify whether their loved one is alive or dead, or if dead, where the remains are located. Such loss is called ambiguous loss, and those suffering from it will usually resist change and will continue to hope that the missing person will return. As this article will endeavour to explain, our goal as professionals working with the families of the missing is to help them shift to another way of thinking that allows them to live well despite ambiguous loss. To do this, we must acknowledge that the source of suffering the ambiguity lies outside the family. The article offers a psychosocial model with six guidelines focusing on meaning, mastery, identity, ambivalence, attachment, and finding new hope."
Cambridge University Press , 2017
340 IRRC 99:905 (2017)
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Newman, Barbara M.
Development through life: a psychosocial approach
Pacific Grove: Cole Publishing, 1991
155 NEW d
Buku Teks SO  Universitas Indonesia Library
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