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"A 12 years old female presented with class II division I malocclusion with skeletal disorder (ANB 6°), deep bite, posterior crossbite 26, prostrusive of anterior maxillary constriction, retrognatic of mandible and mild crowding of upper and lower jaws. The treatment of choice was twin block appliance for modifying the jaw development, and then followed by fixed orthodontics. After eight months, the progression of treatment was a better facial profile."

"Young patients with class ll skeletal malocclusion are often found. To avoid further discrepancy of this case, myofunctional therapy is one of the options. Functional appliance often used for such treatment. Functional appliance has been modified since activator was introduced by Andresen. With its bulky shape, activator makes difficulty for patient to speak and eat. Patient unable to wear it full time due to uncomfortness and negative facial appearance. In 1977, Clark developed twin block to overcome the weakness of previous appliances. A more simple design allows patient to be more comfortable andwilling to wear it longer. Twin block is myofunctional appliance to reposition the mandible forward for skeletal class Il correction with retruded mandible. This paper describes the design, clinical management effects of twin block treatment and brief case presentation using twin block appliance. Similar to the study reports found, this case revealed improvement of facial appearance, decrease overjet and overbite. improvement of molar relationship and good compliance of patient."

"Thos case report described the skeletal and dental changes contributing to class II skeletal with mandibula retrognatism correction with Twin Blocks appliance. Cephalometric evaluation were compare between pre-treatment and after eight month treatment wearing Twin Blocks appliance at an 8 year, 1 month old girl patient. This short-term cephalometric study indicates that after eight month treatment with Twin Blocks appliance, the overjet reduces 3 mm correction of the first molar permanent from class II Angle (cusp to fossa) to class II Angle (cusp to cusp) and lengthening the mandible."

"Pendahuluan : Overjet yang besar pada maloklusi kelas II divisi 1 ditengarai mampumenimbulkan gangguan pada sendi temporomandibula. Perawatan ortodontik denganpencabutan dua gigi premolar bertujuan untuk memperbaiki profil sertamenyeimbangkan oklusi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perubahanposisi kondilus sebelum dan sesudah perawatan ortodontik.Metode : Digunakan 60 foto transkranial sebelum dan sesudah perawatan ortodontik.Subjek penelitian dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi berupa kasus maloklusi kelas IIdivisi 1, ANB ³ 50, overjet ³ 6 mm, memiliki gangguan sendi temporomandibulasebelum perawatan ortodontik dimulai serta memiliki foto transkranial. Evaluasi posisikondilus dilakukan dengan mengukur jarak Anterior Joint Space, Posterior Joint Spacedan Superior Space yang diterjemahkan menjadi posisi supero-anterior dan posisi nonsupero-anterior pada kondilus kanan dan kiri. Perubahan posisi kondilus sebelum dansesudah perawatan ortodontik diuji menggunakan Mc Nemar.Hasil : Diketahui bahwa tidak ada perbedaan bermakna (p>0,05) posisi kondilus sebelumdan sesudah perawatan ortodontik pada kasus maloklusi kelas II divisi 1 denganpencabutan dua gigi premolar. 19 subjek memiliki posisi supero-anterior pada kondiluskanan dan kiri sebelum dan sesudah perawatan, sedangkan 11 subjek memiliki posisi nonsupero-anterior pada kondilus kanan dan kiri sebelum dan sesudah perawatan.Kesimpulan : Perawatan ortodontik disertai pencabutan dua gigi premolar menyebabkanperubahan posisi kondilus, namun tidak berbeda bermakna secara statistik. Sebelum dansesudah perawatan ortodontik, sebagian besar kondilus tetap berada di posisi superoanterior.Sesudah perawatan ortodontik, gejala berupa rasa tidak nyaman saat membukamulut lebar dan keterbatasan membuka mulut sudah hilang, sedangkan gejala berupakliking dan krepitasi masih ada.

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Introduction : Increased overjet in malocclusion class II div 1 leads totemporomandibular joint dysfunction. Orthodontic treatment with upper premolarsextraction is due to correct profile and to harmonize occlusion. This paper will analyzealteration condylar position before and after orthodontic treatment.Methods : Transcranial projection was performed of 60 radiographs (30 radiographbefore and 30 radiograph after orthodontic treatment). Subjects were choosed based oninclusion criteria : malocclusion class II div 1, ANB ³ 50, overjet ³ 6 mm, patient hadtemporomandibular symptoms before orthodontic treatment, and all patients hadtranscranial radiograph. Condylar position was determined according to Anterior JointSpace, Posterior Joint Space and Superior Space which convert to supero-anteriorposition condyle right and left and non supero-anterior position condyle right and left.The Mc Nemar Test was used to analyze the data.Results : No statistically significant (p>0,05) alteration condyle position before and afterorthodontic treatment with extraction upper premolar. 19 subjects had supero-anteriorcondyle position, before and after orthodontic treatment and 11 subjects had non superoanteriorcondyle position before and after orthodontic treatment.Conclusion : The results of this study showed that orthodontic treatment with extractionupper premolars cause alteration condylar positions, but not statistically significant.Before and after orthodontic treatment, most of all condyles showed in superoanteriorpositions."

"Latar Belakang: Beberapa penelitian menyatakan bahwa perawatan ortodonti non ekstraksi pada kasus borderline menyebabkan perubahan inklinasi insisif atas dan bawah yang dapat mempengaruhi profil jaringan lunak pasien. Tujuan: Mengetahui korelasi perubahan inklinasi insisif atas dan bawah terhadap perubahan besar sudut Nasolabial dan sudut Mentolabial sebelum dan sesudah perawatan ortodonti non ekstraksi pada maloklusi kelas I. Metode: 26 sampel penelitian sefalometri lateral sebelum dan sesudah perawatan ortodonti non ekstraksi dilakukan penapakan dan pengukuran sudut I-SN, IMPA, sudut Nasolabial, dan sudut Mentolabial. Uji statistik menggunakan uji non parametrik Wilcoxon dan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil: Tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna pada sudut I-SN dan sudut Nasolabial sebelum dan sesudah perawatan namun, terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna pada IMPA dan sudut Mentolabial sebelum dan sesudah perawatan ortodonti. Uji korelasi menunjukkan terdapat korelasi negatif yang sangat lemah antara perubahan sudut I-SN terhadap perubahan sudut Nasolabial serta antara perubahan IMPA terhadap perubahan sudut Mentolabial. Kesimpulan: Penurunan sudut I-SN disertai peningkatan sudut Nasolabial, meskipun korelasinya sangat lemah. Peningkatan sudut IMPA disertai peningkatan sudut Mentolabial, juga mempunyai korelasi yang sangat lemah.

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Background: Some studies showed that non-extraction orthodontic treatment in borderline cases led to upper and lower incisor inclination changes that affected patient’s soft tissue profile.

Objective: To find out the correlation between upper and lower incisor inclination changes towards Nasolabial angle and Mentolabial angle value changes before and after non-extraction orthodontic treatment in class I malocclusion.

Method: There were 26 samples before and after lateral cephalometric of orthodontic non extraction treatment with measurement of I-SN, IMP, Nasolabial, and Mentolabial angles. Statistical test was done using non parametric Wilcoxon test and Spearman correlation test.

Result: No significant difference in I-SN angle and Nasolabial angle before and after orthodontic treatment. However, there was a significant difference in IMP and Mentolabial angles before and after orthodontic treatment. Correlation test showed a very weak negative correlation between I-SN and IMP angle changes towards Nasolabial and Mentolabial angle changes.

Conclusion: The decrease of I-SN angle is followed by the increase of Nasolabial angle, although the correlation is very weak. The increase of IMP angle is followed by the increase of Mentolabial angle, which also has a very weak correlation."

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Latar belakang: Maloklusi merupakan masalah gigi dan mulut dengan prevalensi terbayak ke-3 di dunia, menurut WHO. Keadaan ini tidak diimbangi dengan adanya kesadaran mengenai maloklusi dan efek buruknya. Masih banyak anak-anak dan remaja yang belum mengetahui mengenai maloklusi dan menganggap hal tersebut normal. Kesadaran terhadap maloklusi ini dapat memengaruhi kebutuhan perawatan ortodonti. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat kesadaran maloklusi dengan kebutuhan perawatan ortodonti pada remaja, korelasi komponen ICON dengan kebutuhan perawatan, dan korelasi komponen kuesioner dengan kesadaran maloklusi Metode: dilakukan penelitian potong lintang pada 56 remaja berusia 12-15 tahun. Subjek diberikan kuesioner mengenai kesadaran maloklusi dan kemudian dilakukan pencetakan rahang dan pembuatan model studi untuk dinilai kebutuhan perawatan ortodontinya berdasarkan ICON. Hasil: Berdasarkan uji Chi-square, tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna secara statistik antara kesadaran maloklusi dengan kebutuhan perawatan ortodonti (P>0,05). Berdasarkan uji Kendall’s tau-b, komponen estetika dental dan pertanyaan mengenai masalah pada gusi mempunyai korelasi paling besar terhadap kebutuhan perawatan dan kesadaran maloklusi. Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara kesadaran mengenai maloklusi dan kebutuhan perawatan ortodonti pada remaja, kompnen estetika dental dan pertanyaan mengenai masalah pada gusi mempunyai korelasi paling besar.

 

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Background: Malocclusion is the third most common oral problem in the world. This situation is not supported with an adequate awareness of malocclusion. There are still children and adolescents who are not aware about malocclusion and consider the situation is normal. Awareness of malocclusion can influence the need for orthodontic treatment. Objectives: Discover the relationship between malocclusion awareness and orthodontic treatment needs among adloescent, correlation between ICON components and treatment needs, and correlation between questionaire component with awareness of malocclusion Methods: A cross-sectional study was done towards adolescents aged 12-15. They were given questionaire about awareness of malocclusion and jaws impressing were also done which were used to make study models in order to determine the treatment needs according to ICON. Result: According to Chi-square test, there is no statistically significant difference between awareness of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs (P>0,05).  Based on Kendall’s tau-b test dental aesthetic and question about gum problems have the greatest correlation toward treatment needs and malocclusion awareness. Conclusion: There is no relationship between malocclusion awarenes and orthodontic treatment needs among adolescent. Dental aesthetic and question about gum problems have the greatest correlation toward treatment needs and malocclusion awareness.

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"A factor to pay attention to in orthodontic treatment is the inclination of upper and lower incisives. The inclination could be evaluated from interincisal angle and angle of upper incisive (UI) with cranium base (SN). This research is to evaluate those angles after the retraction of upper and lower incisives on malocclusion class I with bimaxillary prostrusion. In total, 34 samples were treated using edgewise system. The results show that mean for UI ? LI is 138.06°±1.47°, and for UI ? SN 95.97°±1.27°."

"Class lll skeletal anomaly is one of the most difficult malocclusions to correct in orthodontics. Orthodontist usually involved chincup appliances to restrain mandibular growth, camouflage techniquesto advances maxillary insicors and retract mandibular incisors or waiting until growth ceased to pursue orthognathic surgery. Many studies found that most of Class lll malocclusions were characterized by maxillary retrognathism. ln the late 1960s, the Delaire mask was popularized to protract the maxilla. The development of maxillary protraction with facemask and palatal expansion have provided a predictable and effective approach lo managing treatment that was once considered difficult. Although no significant difference was found between early or late treatment group, the effect of improvement in facial aesthetics on psychosocial development resulted in a significant advantage for early treatmentnt. However, the effects of face mask therapy should be evaluated over the long term in order to determine the relaps tendency."

"The purpose of this study was to evaluate relapse on mandibular anterior teeth after orthodontic treatment using irregularity index. In total 44 subjects were included, 10 men and 34 woman, aged 15 to 37 years. All patients were Hawley retainers. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences between the values of irregularity index at the completion of orthodontic therapy (mean ii T2 = 0.57 mm) and in the retention periods (mean ii T3 = 2.36 mm). The changes of mandibular anterior teeth irregularity were in the minimal category for the majority of cases."

"Successful treatment of the adult patient with an open bite dental or skeletal pattern often presents a difficult challenge. The causes of open bite may be multifactorial in nature, there are spesific diagnostic criteria that may allow for an orthodontic treatment modality incorporating extraction therapy with retraction of incisors.The intent of this article is to describe and demonstrate the extraction treatment of a open bite caused by a hyperdivergent facial pattern."