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"Indonesian Journal of Dentistry 2006; Edisi Khusus KPPIKG XIV: 79-83Endodontics or root canal treatment is to maintain the tooth as long as possible in the arch's width in a good fuctional status. In order to reach that goal, all irritation to the pulp should be eliminated so that the tooth has a healthy periodontal tissue support. A female patient, aged 37 years, came for her upper front tooth which had been restored with a pin crown a year ago. One month ago she had a swelling accompanied with throbbing pain. There was no history of general diseases and her oral hygiene was good. Clinically it was restored with a pin crown and the radiographic picture showed a narrow pulp chamber, normal roots with normal canals, thickened periodontium, broken lamina dura, and diffuse periapical rarefaction. The tooth was diagnosed with pulpal necrosis. A conventional root canal treatment was performed followed by the insertion of a post core crown. The result showed a satisfactory restoration supported by healthy periodontal tissues. Besides a correct diagnosis and indication, an exact treatment plan, and a good restoration, successful treatment in this case was due to the role of the dentist to create healthy soft and hard tissues in the oral cavity before restoration, and also due to patient cooperation."

"Indonesian Journal of Dentistry 2006; Edisi Khusus KPPIKG XIV: 51-56An important phase in endodontic treatment is the irrigation of the root canal system. Desirable function of irrigation are antimicrobial activity, dissolution of necrotic tissue and nontoxicity to the periradicular tissue. Toxicity of NaOCl solution on vital tissue is still controversial. Severe compilations may occur if this solution is inadvertently exposed to the oral mucosa, and it is very hazardous. The purpose of this paper is to caution dentists on the hazards of using NaOCl irrigation in endodontic treatment. A case is presented in which 2.5% NaOCL solution was accidentally streaming into patient's throat because the irrigating needle was not securely attached to the syringe, with the result that the patient had difficulty in breathing. The patient was promptly taken to a pulmonologist, internist, and ENT. The patient was given dexamethasone 10 mg iv injection, delladryl 1cc iv, and nebulizer with 1 ampoule of steroid, 1 ampoule of ventolin and 5cc NaCl 3x within 24 hours, and after 24 hours the condition was increased. From this case it is concluded that the 2.5% NaOCl solution is very alkaline and irritating resulting in edema of the larynx and plugging up of the respiratory system. Clinicians need to be cautious in using NaOCl solution to avoid_endangering the patient's life."

"Perawatan saluran akar gigi (endodontik) merupakan salah satu jenis perawatan dalam bidang kedokteran gigi. Jenis perawatan ini memerlukan beberapa kali kunjungan untuk menuntaskan rasa sakit dan keluhan yang dialami seorang pasien, agar gigi dapat berfungsi kembali. Kemauan pasien untuk menjalani tahapan terapi saluran akar gigi hingga tuntas merupakan hal yang sering menjadi kendala. Tesis ini membahas tentang faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku menuntaskan perawatan akar gigi pada pasien dewasa di Lakesgilut TNI AU, yang meliputi gambaran perilaku menuntaskan, gambaran faktor pemudah, pemampu dan penguat, hubungan ketiga faktor tersebut dengan perilaku menuntaskan serta faktor yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan perilaku menuntaskan perawatan saluran akar gigi. Penelitian yang digunakan dalam tesis ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Hasil penelitian univariat menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar pasien menuntaskan perawatan saluran akar gigi, yang kebanyakan terdiri dari pasien wanita, berusia > 48,5 tahun, berpendidikan tinggi, dengan pekerjaan ibu rumah tangga atau tidak bekerja, memiliki pengetahuan tentang gigi yang tinggi serta sikap yang mendukung perawatan. Pada analisis bivariat, hanya faktor sikap yang memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan perilaku menuntaskan perawatan saluran akar gigi, dengan nilai p sebesar 0,039, dengan OR 2,439 (95% CI: 1,114 ? 5,339) atau dengan kata lain pasien bersikap mendukung perawatan saluran akar gigi berpeluang menuntaskan perawatan sebesar 2,4 kali dibanding yang tidak bersikap mendukung. Pada analisis multivariat, faktor yang berhubungan bermakna dengan perilaku menuntaskan perawatan saluran akar gigi adalah sikap pasien dan jumlah kunjungan yang diperlukan untuk perawatan saluran akar gigi. Sikap pasien memiliki nilai p 0,030 dengan OR = 2,543 dan jumlah kunjungan memiliki nilai p sebesar 0,010 dengan OR = 0,294.

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Dental root canal treatment (endodontics) is the one of treatment in the field of dentistry. This type of treatment requires multiple visits to complete and complaints of pain experienced by a patient, so that the teeth can function again. Patient's willingness to undergo root canal treatment stages to completion is often a constraint.

This thesis explores the factors associated with behavioral treatment completed dental roots in adult patients in Lakesgilut Air Force, which includes the description of complete behavior, predisposing factors, enabling factors and reinforcing factors, the relationship of these three factors with behavioral and completed the most dominant factor the complete behavior of root canal treated teeth. The research used in this thesis is a descriptive quantitative research design.

The results of univariate showed that most patients complete dental root canal treatment, which consisted mostly of female patients, aged> 48.5 years old, highly educated, with housewives work or do not work, have a high knowledge of dental and supportive attitude treatment.

In the bivariate analysis, only attitudinal factors that have a significant relationship with behavioral completed root canal treatment, with a p value of 0.039, with OR of 2.439 (95% CI: 1.114 to 5.339) or in other words being supportive patient care likely to complete the root canal care by 2.4 times compared to that not being supportive.

In the multivariate analysis, the factors significantly associated with behavioral completed root canal treatment is the attitude of the patient and the number of visits required for dental root canal treatment. Attitude has a p-value of 0.030 patients with OR = 2.543 and the number of visits has a p value of 0.010 with OR = 0,294."

"Latar Belakang: Kebocoran mikro dipengaruhi oleh jenis semen saluran akar. Tujuan: menganalisis tingkat kebocoran mikro pengisian saluran akar menggunakan semen resin epoksi (SRE) dan Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (SMTA). Metode: Tiga puluh dua gigi premolar bawah, dibagi dua kelompok sama besar, yaitu kelompok SRE dan SMTA. Setelah pengisian saluran akar, sampel diinkubasi (370C, 24 jam), kemudian direndam dalam tinta India selama 7 X 24 jam. Sampel didekalsifikasi sampai dengan transparan. Kedalaman penetrasi tinta dievaluasi dengan mikroskop stereo. Skor 1 untuk penetrasi tinta 0-0,5 mm, skor 2 untuk penetrasi tinta 0,51-1 mm, dan skor 3 untuk penetrasi tinta >1 mm. Hasil: Distribusi proporsi kebocoran terbesar kelompok SRE terdapat pada skor 1, yaitu sebesar 37,5%. Sedangkan distribusi proporsi kebocoran terbesar kelompok SMTA terdapat pada skor 1, yaitu sebesar 21,9%. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok SRE dan SMTA. Kesimpulan: Semen resin epoksi dan semen MTA memiliki tingkat kebocoran yang sama.

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Background: The microleakage affected by type of root canal sealer.

Purpose: to analyze the microleakage of obturation using epoxy resin-based (SRE) and mineral trioxide aggregate-based (SMTA) as root canal sealer.

Methods: Thirty two mandibular first premolars were equally divided into two groups. They were SRE group and SMTA group. After obturation, the specimens were incubated (370C, 24 h), immersed in Indian ink for 7 days, decalcified, dehydrated, and made transparent. Dye penetration were evaluated under stereomicroscope and given score 1-3. Specimen with 0-0,5 mm dye penetration was given score 1, while 0,51-1 mm penetration was given score 2, and > 1 mm was given score 3. The results were statistically analyzed with Kolmogorov Smirnov test.

Results: The largest proportion distribution in SMTA group was score 1 (37,5%), whilst the largest proportion distribution in SMTA group was score 1 (21,9%). There was no significant difference between the microleakage of epoxy resin-based and mineral trioxide aggregate-based sealer, observed from the one-third apical leakage.

Conclusion: The microleakage of mineral trioxide aggregate based sealer and epoxy resin-based sealer was relatively similar."

"Dari sejumlah 260 han yang ada di Jepang pada masa Shogun Tokugawa berkuasa, beberapa han seperti Han Chooshuu mampu bangkit dari krisis yang untuk kemudian berperan sebagai pemimpin perjuangan Restorasi Meiji. Tujuan dari perjuangan ini ialah membawa bangsa Jepang menuju kemajuan di segala bidang pada Era Meiji,Tentu saja Han Chooshuu memiliki faktor-faktor penentu keberhasilannya sebagai pelopor Restorasi Meiji. diantaranya ialah luas han, jumlah pasukan samurai, kemajuan tingkat sumber daya manusia yang diakibatkan dari adanya proses belajar ilmu barat dan lahirnya faham sonnoo."

"Strong public vocational higher education institution is needed as a key asset in today?s competence-based society, As a Competence Human Resource producer, it's core competence contribute with fundamental and applied knowledge to enhance human resource competencies to meet industry requirement. As a Public Vocational Higher Education Institution, Business Administration Study Program of the Jakarta State Polytechnic still wanted by many candidates students as well as industries.This research was aimed to identify what is the core competence of Business Administration Study Program of the Jakarta State Polytechnic and how the will use it to exploit any opportunities they have.Using survey method, 30 person (lecturer and management of the study program ) are given two kind of questionnaire as an instrument to collect data. Quantitative and qualitative methods were employed to analyze data. The research find that there are tive core competencies in Business Administration Program Study, they are; Location, Education System, Teaching Methodology, Ability to profile competencies of industry; ability to develop a competence-based curriculum.The research also can find a model ofthe root of competitiveness of the program study, start from core competence to end product. Using the core competence, the Business Administration Study Program can develop a new business unit in being a consultant in several area especially in human resource development in business administration area.However, as a vocational higher education institution, Business Administration Study Program need to develop and improve their physical resources otherwise they will left behind by competitor."

"It has been shown that more than 40 percent of the apical radiolucencies are radicular cyst, numerous endodontist claims that from 85 to 90 percent of apical lesions disappear or become reduced in size following conservative endodontic treatment and do not required surgical intervention. Maxillary anterior teeth are more frequently susceptible to trauma and there are numerous morphologic anomalies associated with maxillary incisors especially lateral incisors its call palato-radiocular groove (PRG), its caused non vital have been implicated in formation of periapical lesions. Periapical lesions can be cured by conventional endodontic treatment used Ca(OH)2 as an intracanal medication. One case with radicular cyst on the maxillary lateral incisors because of trauma 2 years ago will be presented. Fifteenth months during treatment showed that the cyst reduced in size and symptomless."

"Galeri Nasional Indonesia (GNI) sebagai sebuah museum seni rupa kontemporer bertanggung jawab dalam melaksanakan fungsi dan tugas museum yaitu mengkomunikasikan koleksi pada masyarakat melalui pameran, salah satunya adalah pameran tetap berjudul “Monumen Ingatan: Modernitas Indonesia dan Dinamikanya dalam Koleksi Seni Rupa Galeri Nasional Indonesia”. Penelitian ini ditulis untuk mengkaji nilai penting koleksi pada pameran tetap tersebut dan upaya yang dilakukan oleh konservator GNI dalam melestarikan koleksinya melalui kegiatan konservasi dengan menggunakan metode penelitian oleh Pearson dan Sullivan. Hasil dari penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa lima koleksi lukisan yang mewakili lima periodisasi perkembangan seni rupa di Indonesia memiliki nilai penting dalam bidang sejarah dan ilmu pengetahun. Proses pelestarian koleksi lukisan tersebut dilakukan melalui upaya pencegahan dengan pembersihan umum, mengatur suhu dan kelembapan relatif, kontrol bangunan, pengecekan fisik lukisan, dan pengaturan intensitas cahaya. Sedangkan upaya perbaikan melalui restorasi yang sebagai contoh dilakukan terhadap lukisan “Jacqueline en robe de taffetas” (1926) karya Albert Andre dibahas melalui teori restorasi oleh Cesare Brandi.

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The National Gallery of Indonesia (GNI) as a contemporary art museum plays a responsible role in carrying out the functions and duties of the museum, namely communicating the collection to the public through exhibitions, one of which is the permanent exhibition entitled "Monuments of Memory: Indonesian Modernity and its Dynamics in the Fine Arts Collection of the National Gallery of Indonesia” . This research was written to examine the important values of the collection at the permanent exhibition and the efforts made by GNI conservators to preserve the collection through conservation activities using research methods by Pearson and Sullivan. The results of this research show that five painting collections representing five periodizations of the development of fine arts in Indonesia have important value in the fields of history and science. The process of preserving the painting collection is carried out through preventative efforts by general cleaning, regulating temperature and relative humidity, controlling buildings, physically checking paintings, and regulating light intensity. Meanwhile, efforts to repair through restoration, for example carried out on the painting "Jacqueline en robe de taffetas" (1926) by Albert Andre, are discussed through restoration theory by Cesare Brandi."