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"ABSTRAKThe rubra variety of Alpina galanga rhizoma extract were compatible to the fibroblast tissue, non toxic, and potent in inhibiting Candida albicans growth. The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of the rubra variety of Alpina galanga rhizome extract as a treatment to oral candidosis. The patients involved in this study were 20 diabetic patients, men and woman. There were sixteen patients showed white patches or flecks on the tongue surface. After clinical examination, a direct smear was made and there were mass of candidal hyphae on Periodic Acid Schiff staining. For patient comfort, the extract of Alpinia galanga 30% was prepared as a cream in a tube. The cream was used topically on the fleck, 4-5 times daily for 14 days. In case of the flecks persisted, the treatment was continued to 21 days. Mc Nemar test showed a significant difference between the group before and after treatment (p<0,05). It was concluded that 30% rubra variety of Alpina galanga rhizome extract could be used as an alternative treatment for oral candidosis."

"The rhizome of white galangal (Alpinia galanga) is one of the cultivated remedies traditionally administered for skin disease, asthma and anabolism troubles such as colic, food poisoning, and convulsions. A part of the chemical composition of white galangal rhizome is essential oil. The aim of this study was to determine the antibacterial effect of the essential oil of white galangal rhizome against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus 302 resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, penicillin G, kanamycin, mecillinam, and ceftazidime. Fifty ul essential oil of white galangal rhizome in concentrations of 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 or 15 % were dropped into 6 mm of diameter well in MHA media given to S. aureus 302. Propylene glycol (5% vol) was used as negative control and solvent. The treatment to each concentration group was repeated fifteen times. The diameter of radical zone of the growth of S. aureus 302 was measured using sliding calipers. The results of ANOVA (p<0.05) showed that the essential oil of white galangal rhizome had a significant antibacterial effect against S. aureus 302. The result of LSD test (p<0.05) showed a significant difference between the concentration groups, except for the 10 and 12.5% concentrations which had the same effect."

"ABSTRAKLengkuas (Alpinia galanga L.) banyak digunakan sebagai penyedap masakan, minuman, dan obat tradisional. Salah satu komponen kimia lengkuas yaitu sesquiterpene, bahkan telah terbukti sebagai antitumor dan antikanker. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pencekokan ekstrak lengkuas pada mencit (Mus musculus L.) dengan dosis 6,25; 12,5; 25; 50; 100 mg/kg bb selama 7 hari berturut-turut terhadap kerusakan sitogenetik yang diinduksi oleh mitomisin C melalui uji mikronukleus. Penghitungan mikronukleus dilakukan pada 1.000 eritrosit polikromatik. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak lengkuas memiliki aktivitas antimutagenik, terbukti pada dosis 6,25; 12,5; 25; 50; clan 100 mg/kg bb ekstrak lengkuas dapat menghambat kerusakan sitogenetik yang diinduksi oleh mitomisin C pada enitrosit polikromatik sumsum tulang mencit. Walaupun demikian, pencekokan ekstrak lengkuas dengan dosis yang semakin meningkat tidak menyebabkan penurunan jumlah mikronukleus. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui komponenkomponen kimia pada lengkuas yang memiliki aktivitas antimutagenik dan mekanisme antimutageniknya."

"Recurrent Aphthous Ulceration (RAU) is a type of local inflammation of the oral mucosa with symptomatic soft tissue damage. The prevalence of RAU is about 17-67 %. Dominant factors causing this disease are understood, but there are predicted internal and external factors that cause related immune disorders. RAU is initiated by mucous proteins which continuously stimulate a physiological response required for a pathophysiological reaction. The aim of this study was to characterize specific anomaly proteins in oral mucosa as causing the initiation of RAU. Samples of mucosal proteins from 30 RAU patients were analyzed with sodium dodexylsulphate polyacrylamid gelelectrophorese (SDS-PAGE) and visualized with silver stain (AgNO3) showing proteins with a range of molecular weight 27 - 180 kDa. Western blotting using a polyclonal antibody specific to RAU showed that the specific proteins of RAU have molecular weights of 23, 27, 65, 70 and 87 kDa. The finding of so many proteins appears to be a new phenomenon, suggesting that the initiation of RAU is possibly due to a continuous induction of internal and external reactions by several mucosal proteins, that become anomaly proteins of high reactivity and antigenicity. This situation can cause overreaction on the oral mucosa with specific symptoms that are known as a RAU."

"ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Intoleransi minum merupakan masalah yang sering dihadapi bayi kurang bulan. Eritromisin merupakan salah satu prokinetik yang sering digunakan, namun pemberiannya masih merupakan kontroversi.Tujuan: Mengetahui efikasi eritromisin oral dalam meningkatkan toleransi minum pada bayi kurang bulan.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian uji klinis acak tersamar yang dilakukan pada bayi kurang bulan di RSUP. Sanglah Denpasar dari bulan Juni 2015 hingga Januari 2016. Sampel dilakukan randomisasi menjadi dua kelompok, kelompok perlakuan mendapatkan eritromisin 12,5 mg/kg setiap 8 jam sedangkan kelompok kontrol mendapat plasebo. Luaran primer yang dicari adalah waktu untuk mencapai nutrisi enteral penuh. Luaran sekunder adalah berat badan saat mencapai nutrisi enteral penuh dan lama rawat rumah sakit.Hasil: Selama penelitian didapat 62 sampel, dimana 3 sampel di drop-out. Tiga puluh sampel didapat pada kelompok eritromisin dan 29 sampel pada kelompok kontrol. Tidak ada perbedaan data dasar pada kedua kelompok. Rerata usia gestasi adalah 31,4+1,7 minggu pada kelompok perlakuan dan 32,4+2,2 minggu pada kelompok kontrol. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna dalam mencapai nutrisi enteral penuh yakni 10+5,3 hari pada kelompok eritromisin dibandingkan 8+6,5 hari pada kelompok kontrol (p=0,345). Tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna dalam berat badan saat mencapai nutrisi enteral penuh dan lama perawatan di rumah sakit.Simpulan: Eritromisin dosis oral 12,5 mg/kgBB setiap 8 jam secara rutin tidak mempercepat waktu nutrisi enteral penuh pada bayi kurang bulan. Tidak ada perbedaan berat badan saat mencapai nutrisi enteral penuh dan lama perawatan pada kedua kelompok.

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ABSTRACTBackgrounds: Feeding intolerance is a common condition that affects premature infants. Erythromycin is one of the prokinetic agents to treat feeding intolerance, but the use of this agent is still controversy.Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of oral erythromycin to enhance feeding tolerance in premature infants.Design: This study is a prospective randomized controlled trial on premature infants in Sanglah Hospital from June 2015 until January 2016. Eligible infants were randomized to receive 12.5 mg/kgBW/dose 8 hourly oral erythromycin or plasebo. The primary outcome was the time to establish full enteral feeding. The secondary outcomes were weight at full enteral feeding and duration of hospital stay.Results: There were 62 samples during the study, 3 infants were dropped out. Thirty infants were given erythromycin and 29 infants were given placebo. The baseline of the two groups was similar, mean of gestational age was 31.4+1.7 weeks in erythromycin group and 32.4+2.2 weeks in placebo group. The time to reach full enteral feeding did not differ statistically between the 2 groups, 10+5.3 days in erythromycin group vs 8+6.5 days (p=0,345) in placebo group. There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding the body weight at full enteral feeding and duration of hospital stay.Conclusion: Erythromycin 12.5 mg/kgBW/dose every 8 hours as prophylactic treatment does not enhance feeding tolerance in premature infants. There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding body weight at full enteral feeding and duration of hospital stay."

"This book brings about important research in the field of oral cancer realting to its prognosis and treatment. Oral cancer is a crucial public health problem on a global scale."