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"ABSTRAKAkrilamida merupakan senyawa yang bersifat toksik dan karsinogen yang biasa ditemukan pada makanan yang diolah pada suhu tinggi. Pada penelitian ini, diproduksi antibodi poliklonal anti akrilamida. Hapten N-acryloxusuccinimide (NAS) disintesis dari asam akrilat dan N-hydroxusuccinimide (NHS) dengan linker yang digunakan yaitu N-ethyl-N’-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC). Hapten yang telah disintesis dikonjugasikan dengan protein pembawa yaitu bovine serum albumin (BSA) kemudian diinjeksikan pada kelinci untuk diperoleh antibodi. Antibodi yang diperoleh kemudian digunakan untuk biosensor akrilamida. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) digunakan sebagai label antibodi. Hidrogen peroksida (H2O2) digunakan sebagai monitor aktivitas HRP, aktivitas HRP ini sebanding dengan jumlah antibodi dan akrilamida. Pengukuran dilakukan secara elektrokimia menggunakan elektroda boron-doped diamond (BDD) terdeposit Platina (Pt). Hasil sintesis NAS dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan spektroskopi UV-Visible untuk mengetahui reaktivitasnya pada panjang gelombang maksimum (260nm) yang menunjukkan bahwa NAS reaktif terhadap gugus amina dan dapat digunakan untuk biokonjugasi, FTIR dan kromatografi lapis tipis. Berdasarkan hapten yang disintesis, antibodi poliklonal anti akrilamida dapat diperoleh dan digunakan sebagai sensor untuk akrilamida dengan menggunakan metode voltammetri siklik

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ABSTRACTAcrylamide is a toxic and carcinogenic compound, which is commonly found in foods that prepared by using high temperature process. In this study, antibody of acrylamide was prepared. Hapten of acrylamide was prepared by synthesizing N-acryloxysuccinimide (NAS) from acrylic acid and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) in the presence of N-ethyl-N’-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC). The hapten was conjugated with bovine serum albumin as a carrier protein and injected into rabbits to obtain antibodies. The antibodies were then applied for acrylamide biosensors. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was used as the label for the antibodies. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is used to monitor the activity of HRP, which is equivalent to the amount of the antibodies and acrylamide. Electrochemical technique was used with platinum-modified boron-doped diamond electrode (Pt-BDD) as the working electrode. The result of synthesis NAS was analyzed by UV-visible spectroscopy to determine reactivity at maximum wavelength of 260nm showed that NAS reactive to amino then bioconjugation. Thin layer chromatography and FTIR were also used to confirm the product. Based on highest cross reactivity, antibody acrylamide can be successfully produced and it is promising to be applied for acrylamide sensor based on electrochemical technique using cyclic voltammetry;;"

"Akrilamida merupakan monomer hasil depolimerisasi poliakrilamida akibat adanya pengaruh suhu, cahaya dan pH. Akrilamida juga dapat ditemukan pada produk pangan dengan pengolahan suhu tinggi. Akrilamida dapat menginduksi terbentuknya Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) seperti radikal hidroksil. Radikal hidroksil dapat berinteraksi dengan basa guanin membentuk DNA adduct 8-hidroksi 2'-deoksiguanin (8-OHdG). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pembentukan 8-OHdG akibat paparan akrilamida yang berinteraksi dengan logam Cu (I). Penelitian ini dilakukan secara in vitro dan in vivo. Studi dilakukan secara in vitro melalui reaksi Fenton antara 2'- deoksiguanosin (2dG) dengan akrilamida dan Cu (I). Reaksi dilakukan pada suhu 37 °C, variasi pH 7,4 dan 8,4, serta variasi waktu inkubasi 4, 8, 12 dan 24 jam. Studi in vivo dilakukan pada tikus putih jantan (Rattus norvegicus) galur Sprague-Dawley yang diberikan paparan akrilamida serta kombinasi akrilamida dan Cu (I) dengan dosis yang berbeda selama 21 hari. Hasil studi in vitro dianalisis menggunakan LC-MS/MS QTOF dan plasma darah hasil studi in vivo dianalisis menggunakan ELISA. Inkubasi pada pH 7,4, suhu 37 °C dan waktu inkubasi 24 jam memberikan konsentrasi 8-OHdG tertinggi sebesar 19,09 ng/mL. Konsentrasi tertinggi 8-OHdG dalam plasma darah terdapat pada kelompok paparan akrilamida 25 mg/kg BB dan Cu (I) 10 mg/kg BB sebesar 1,31 ng/mL. Berdasarkan hasil studi in vitro dan in vivo yang telah dilakukan, hal ini menunjukkan terdapat sinergisitas antara akrilamida dan Cu (I) dalam pembentukan 8-OHdG.

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Acrylamide is a monomer as depolymerization results caused by the effect of temperature, light and pH. Acrylamide can be found on food products processed with high temperature. Acrylamide can induce the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), e.g. hydroxyl radical. Hydroxyl radical can interact with guanine to form DNA Adduct 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). The aim of this study is to investigate the formation of 8-OHdG due to co-exposure of acrylamide and copper (I). The study was carried out in vitro through the Fenton reaction and in vivo. In vitro study was undergone through Fenton reaction between 2'-deoxyguanosine and acrylamide at temperature 37 °C, various of pH 7,4 and 8,4, and time of incubation 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours. While in vivo study was carried out by administering orally of acrylamide single dose and combination of acrylamide and copper (I) to male rats (Rattus norvegicus) strain Sprague-Dawley for 21 days exposure. The results of in vitro study were analyzed by LC-MS/MS QTOF and plasma resulted from in vivo study were analyzed by ELISA to determine the concentration of 8-OHdG. Incubation on pH 7,4, 37 °C and time of incubation 24 hours gave highest concentration of 8-OHdG. Meanwhile the highest concentration of 8-OHdG in plasma found in group with the exposure of acrylamide 25 mg/kg BW and copper (I) 10 mg/kg BW. According to the results from in vitro and in vivo studies, it was shown that both acrylamide and copper (I) gave synergistic effect towards the formation of 8-OHdG."

"Acrylamide is a chemical substance which derived from acrylonitrile, is the material used in polyacrylamide production. Recent research has found acrylamide is contained in some food, especially food is rich in carbohydrate and treated in high temperature (more than 120°C). Due to its nature, acrylamide is classified as a hazardous material to be contained in human?s food. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified acrylamide into group 2A (probably carcinogenic for humans). Many methods that used to analyse the acrylamide in some foods with sophisticated equipment, and in department of pharmacy FMIPA-UI there were also develop the method with simple extraction and conventional HPLC."

"In order to find an alternative method for the physical properties improvement of rayon sheet, a chemically graft copolymerization of acrylamide to rayon sheet by using cerric ammonium nitrate as an initiator under nitrogen atmosphere had been, successfully, carried out. Several circumstances that influence the degree of grafting and physical properties of rayon sheet were studied at various concentration of initiator, concentration of monomer (acrylamide), period of pre-initiation time, temperature and time of grafting process. The occurrence of acrylamide grafted to rayon sheet was evaluated by measuring the increase in weight of the treated rayon sheet and by the appearance of specific IR spectrum. Moreover, mechanical and physical property e.g. tensile strength unit, rigidity unit, and color absorption of the original rayon and grafted rayon were also evaluated.The results from the mentioned study, briefly, can be reported as follow. In general, the degree of grafting (%grafting) increases with the increasing or initiator concentration, monomer concentration, temperature and time period of grafting process. Coincidentally, in all cases the value of rigidity unit and the ability to absorb particular dyes increase in line with the increasing in the degree of grafting. The tensile strength unit of the grafted rayon, however, does not show the similar trend. It was observed that the tensile strength unit showed an improvement only up to certain value of the degree of grafting, then become worst on farther increasing in the degree of grafting.The degree of grafting that result the best tensile strength unit (optimum) was found to be in the values in of 11 to 12 % . The experimental condition that results the mentioned degree of grafting can be achieved by combination of initiator concentration, acrylamide concentration, pre-initiation time, grafting process time, and grafting temperature at 0.5 %; 4%; 5minutes; 35 minutes; and 60° C, respectively. The occurrence of grafted acrylamide to rayon sheet was also evidenced by appearing IR signal at 1684 cm 1 (for the indication of the introduction of carbonyl group). Although not very clear, due to absorption band overlapping from hydroxyl group, the IR signal at 3362 cm-1 and 3373 cm " (for the indication of amide group introduction) provide another evidence for the successful of grafting process.

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Pencangkokan akrilamida pada kain rayon secara kimiawi dengan menggunakan inisiator ceric ammonium nitrat didalam atmosfir nitrogen, sebagai upaya alternalif untuk memperbaiki sifat-sifat fisik rayon, telah berhasil dilakukan. Pengaruh beberapa faktor terhadap-besarnya kadar pencangkokan dan sifat-sifat fisik rayon dipelajari dengan memvariasikan, antara lain, konsentrasi inisiator, konsentrasi monomer, waktu pra inisiasi, temperatur dan waktu pencangkokan. Keberhasilan terjadinya pencangkokan akrilamida pada kain rayon ditandai atau diarnati dengan kenaikan berat rayon (persen pencangkokan) dan perubahan spesifik spektrum infra merahnya. Terhadap rayon asli dan rayon tercangkok dilakukan beberapa evaluasi sifat fisik yang meliputi uji kekuatan tarik, uji kekakuan, dan daya scrap terhadap zat warna.Dari penelitian yang lelah dilakukan dapat dilaporkan bahwa harga persen pencangkokan semakin besar dengan semakin tingginya konsentrasi inisiator, konsentrasi monomer, temperatur dan waktu pencangkokan. Sementara itu dari uji sifat fisik ditemukan bahwa dengan semakin besarnya harga persen pencangkokan maka daya serap terhadap zat warna dan kekakuannya semakin besar. Namun tidak demikian dengan kekuatan dari kain rayon yang tercangkok. Ditemukan bahwa kekuatan tarik kain rayon naik sejalan dengan besarnya persen pencangkokan hanya sampai pada harga persen pencangkokan tertentu, kemudian turun lagi meskipun harga persen pencangkokannya bertambah hesar.Besarnya persen pencangkokan tertentu tersebut, yang memberikan kekuatan tarik paling besar (optimum), dicapai pada persen pencangkokan sebesar 11 sampai dengan 12 %. Sedangkan kondisi-kondisi untuk memperoleh persen pencangkokan tersebut dapat dicapai dengan konsentrasi irisiator, konsentrasi monomer , waktu pra inisiasi, waktu pencangkokan, dan suhu pencangkokan masing masing sebesar 0,5 %, 4 %, 5 rnenit, 35 menit dan 60° C. Disamping itu dapat dilaporkan bahv,ra keberhasilan pencangkokan akrilamida pads kain rayon ditandai dengan munculnya puncak serapan 1R pada bilangan gelombang 1684 cm-' sebagai indikasi terintroduksikannya gugus karbonit [C=D] dan, meskipun tidak terlalu nyata karena adanya tumpang suh dengan pity serapan gugus hidroksi, kecenderungan adanya puncak serapan pada bilangan geloinbang 3362 cm"' dan 3373 cm-' sebagai indikasi terintroduksinya gugus amida pada kain rayon."

"ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan optimasi dan validasi metode analisa yang sederhana tetapi sensitif secara LCMSMS untuk menetapkan kadar akrilamid dalam keripik kentang agar dapat dilakukan pengujian dan pengawasan akrilamid dalam keripik kentang yang beredar di pasaran.Pada penelitian ini pengembangan metode dilakukan dengan cara penggunaan ekstraksi fase padat (SPE), ektraksi berulang menggunakan pelarut asa formiat 10 mM dan presipitasi suhu rendah dengan sentrifugasi untuk menghilangkan pengaruh matriks pada analit. Penggunaan kolom fase terbalik C-18 yang sedikit lebih polar dilakukan untuk memperoleh pemisahan akrilamid yang lebih baik. Kromatografi cair yang digunakan menggunakan sistem gradien dengan fase gerak asam formiat 10 mM dan metanol sehingga diperoleh selektifitas yang lebih baik. Parameter unjuk kerja presisi, akurasi dan perolehan kembali dilakukan untuk meyakinkan metode analisis ini dapat digunakan sebagai metode yang telah divalidasi untuk penggunaan secara rutin dalam laboratorium makanan. Akrilamid diretensi pada 5,4 menit dengan batas deteksi yang diperoleh yaitu 7,09 ng/g dan rentang perolehan kembali sebesar 97,45 – 100,25%. Simpangan baku relatif sebesar 1,6% untuk keberulangan. Hasil yang baik ini menunjukkan bahwa metode dapat digunakan sebagai metode analisis rutin untuk pengujian dalam laboratorium.

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ABSTRACTOptimization and validation of analytical methods in the determination of acrylamide levels of potato chips by LCMSMS as a simple and sensitive method was carried out in order to do the testing and monitoring of acrylamide in potato chips on the market in Indonesia.In this research, method development was done by the use of solid phase extraction (SPE), repeated extraction using 10 mM formic acid solution and precipitation low temperature by centrifugation. The use of C-18 reversed-phase columns were slightly more polar performed to obtain a better separation of acrylamide. Eluent system of liquid chromatography using a time programme gradient in order to obtain a better selectivity. The mobile phase was a mixture of 10 mM formic acid and metanol. The performance parameters of precision, accuracy and recovery were conducted to assure the analytical method applicable in house validation method. The retention time for acrylamide was 5,4 minute; limit of detection was 7.09 ng/g; recoveries ranged from 97.45 to 100.25%; coefficients of variation was 1.6% for repeatability test. The good results showed that the method has been successfully set up to serve as a routinely analytical methods for testing in the laboratory."

"A method by high performance liquid chromatography for the analysis of acrylamide in potato chips, is reported. The retention time for the elution of acrylamide from the C18RP column ranged from 3 to 3,2 minutes, and the eluate was analyzed by UV-VIS detector. A linear response was found for the acrylamide standard tested within the concentration range of 0,8 ? 10ìg/ml and the corelation coefficient (r) greater than 0,999, with detection limit 0,06 ppm and quantitative limit 0,19 ppm. Sample preparation was performed by means of solvent extraction using dichlormethane and subsequent re-extraction of the organic solvent with water. This aqueous sample solution was found to be free of any interferences and gave acrylamide and recorveries higher than 90%."

"Akrilamida (AA) merupakan senyawa karsinogenik yang sering ditemukan dalam bahan makanan. Biosensor AA berbasis hemoglobin (Hb) kemudian dikembangkan karena biokompatibilitas dan kapasitas Hb untuk bergabung dengan molekul lain, dan Hb berperan sebagai bioreseptor protein aktif sehingga dapat berikatan dengan akrilamida dan membentuk adduct Hb-AA. Pada penelitian ini studi komputasi dilakukan untuk simulasi penambatan molekul (molecular docking) akrilamida dan senyawa-senyawa interferensinya pada hemoglobin. Interaksi molekul yang terjadi dipelajari melalui ΔGbinding yang diperoleh. Pengaruh kehadiran senyawa interferensi kemudian dibandingkan dengan respons arus pada sensor elektrokimia yang telah dilakukan penelitian sebelumnya. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan semua senyawa interferensi nilai ΔGbinding yang lebih rendah dari akrilamida, kecuali natrium asetat. Nilai ΔGbinding pada residu Hb cabang valin-α untuk asam askorbat sebesar -5,9269 kcal/mol, kafein sebesar -5,6429 kcal/mol, glukosa -6,0497 kcal/mol, natrium asetat sebesar -3,6654 kcal/mol, dan melamin sebesar -4,8279 kcal/mol. Pada cabang valin-β, diperoleh ΔGbinding asam askorbat sebesar -5,6727 kcal/mol, kafein sebesar -5,9915 kcal/mol, glukosa sebesar -6,0212 kcal/mol, natrium asetat sebesar -3,7198 kcal/mol, dan melamin -4,8021 kcal/mol. Sehingga, dapat disimpulkan bahwa senyawa interferensi berkompetisi dengan akrilamida untuk berikatan dengan hemoglobin, sementara akrilamida lebih mudah berinteraksi dengan hemoglobin pada residu valin-α

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Acrylamide (AA) is a carcinogenic compound found in food ingredients. The hemoglobin (Hb)-based acrylamide biosensor was then developed because of biocompatibility and the capacity of Hb to join with other molecules. Hb was developed because it is an active bioreceptor protein that can bind to acrylamide to form Hb-AA adduct. In this study, a computational study was conducted to simulate molecular docking for acrylamide and other compounds to hemoglobin. The molecular interactions were studied with the obtained ΔGbinding. The effect of the presence of interference was then compared with the responses of the electrochemical sensor conducted in the previous research. The results obtained in this study showed the ΔGbinding value of all interferent compounds were lower than that of acrylamide with sodium acetate as the exception. The ΔGbinding at the residual hemoglobin branch of valin-α, which interacted to ascorbic acid was -5.9269 kcal/mol, while to caffeine was -5.66429 kcal/mol, to glucose was -6.0497 kcal/mol, to sodium acetate was -3.6654 kcal/mol, and to melamine was -4.8279 kcal/mol. In the valin-β residues, ΔGbinding of ascorbic acid was -5.6727 kcal/mol, caffeine was -5.9915 kcal/mol, glucose was -6.022 kcal/mol, sodium acetate was -3.7198 kcal/mol, and melamine was -4,8021 kcal/mol. Therefore, it can be concluded that all these compounds compete with acrylamide to bind to hemoglobin, while acrylamide is easier to use with hemoglobin in the valine-α residue."

"Akrilamida merupakan senyawa kimia yang bersifat karsinogenik, terdapat dalam sejumlah makanan yang melalui proses pemanasan tinggi. Pentingnya suatu alat deteksi yang dapat mendeteksi keberadaan akrilamida pada sampel makanan menjadi suatu hal yang sangat berguna pada kehidupan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini merupakan pengembangan alat deteksi untuk deteksi keberadaan Akrilamida (AA) di dalam sampel makanan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dibagi menjadi 4 tahap, yaitu: sintesis antigen NAS-BSA, produksi, purifikasi dan karakterisasi antibodi, sintesis AuNP untuk label dalam perangkat sensor AA berbasis sandwich LFIA dan aplikasinya untuk pengujian sampel kopi. Sintesis antigen NAS-BSA yang berupa cairan tak berwarna berhasil diperoleh. Pemurnian antibodi dilakukan menggunakan ammonium sulfat dan protein A. Karakterisasi dilakukan menggunakan uji presipitasi (AGPT), elektroforesis (SDS-PAGE), tanpa elektroforesis (DBIA), dan Indirect ELISA. Konsentrasi antibodi crude (tanpa pemurnian), pemurnian ammonium sulfat dan protein A berturut turut sebesar1,812 mg/mL, 0,751 mg/mL, dan 0,932 mg/mL. Hasil SDS-PAGE antibodi menunjukkan bahwa pemurnian protein A lebih murni dibandingkan dengan ammonium sulfat dan crude antibodi, yang menunjukkan pita pada 50 kDa dan 25 kDa. Hasil karakterisasi DBIA menunjukan spesifitas yang baik terhadap akrilamida, dan Indirect ELISA menunjukkan titer antibodi yang semakin meningkat. Nanopartikel emas (AuNP) dan konjugat AuNP-anti-AA telah berhasil disintesis dan  dikarakkterisasi menggunakan spektrofotometer Visible, FTIR, dan TEM. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan tidak terjadi perbedaan ukuran nanopartikel yang signifikan. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa AuNP dan konjugat AuNP-anti AA telah berhasil disintesis dan dapat digunakan sebagai label. Strip test immunokromatografi untuk sensor akrilamida sudah berhasil difabrikasi dan bekerja dengan spesifik untuk mendeteksi larutan akrilamida standar. Strip test immunokromatografi berhasil mendeteksi akrilamida pada sampel kopi secara kualitatif.

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Acrylamide (AA) is neurotoxin and carcinogenic which is found in food with high heating process.In this work, we developthe detection devices for presence of AA in food samples. We conducted 4 stages in this study, (i) NAS-BSA antigen synthesis, (ii) production, purification and characterization of antibodies, (iii)synthesis AuNP as labels in LFIA sandwich-based AA sensor devices and (iv) detection of AA in coffee sample. The synthesis of NAS-BSA antigen in the form of colorless liquid was successfully obtained and confirmed by Ultraviolet spectrophotometer. Antibody purification was carried out using ammonium sulfate and protein A. Characterization was carried out using precipitation tests (AGPT), electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), without electrophoresis (DBIA), and Indirect ELISA. The crude antibody concentration (without purification), ammonium sulfate purification and protein A were 1,812 mg/mL, 0.751 mg/mL and 0.932 mg/mL, respectively. The SDS-PAGE antibody results showed that purification of protein A was purer compared to ammonium sulfate and crude antibodies, which showed bands at 50 kDa and 25 kDa. The results of DBIA characterization showed good specificity for acrylamide, and Indirect ELISA showed an increasing antibody titer. Gold nanoparticles (AuNP) and AuNP-anti-AA conjugates have been successfully synthesized and characterized using Visible, FTIR, and TEM spectrophotometers. The results show no significant difference in the size of the nanoparticles and can be used as labels. Immunochromatographic test strips for acrylamide sensors have been fabricated and detect specifically for standard acrylamide solution and coffee samples qualitatively."

"Akrilamida adalah bahan kimia yang dapat terbentuk dalam makanan kaya karbohidratakibat adanya proses pemanasan dengan suhu tinggi diatas 120°C. Saat ini, sudah banyakpenelitian yang membahas efek toksisitas dan karsinogenisitas dari akrilamida sepertineurotoksik, genotoksik, dan sitotoksik. Di dalam tubuh, akrilamida dimetabolismedengan bantuan enzim CYP2E1 menjadi senyawa epoksida, yaitu glisidamida.Akrilamida dan glisidamida sangat reaktif terhadap DNA dan dapat membentuk DNAadduct,yang bersifat genotoksik dan sitotoksik. Glisidamida diketahui memiliki afinitasyang lebih tinggi terhadap DNA dibandingkan dengan prekursornya, sehingga dapatdikatakan bahwa glisidamida merupakan karsinogen utama dari akrilamida. Paparanakrilamida pada manusia dapat berasal dari paparan pekerjaan, makanan, dan asap rokok.Namun, makanan merupakan sumber paparan utama. Untuk mengetahui risiko paparanakrilamida dan glisidamida terhadap manusia dari makanan maka perlu dilakukan analisiskadar dalam darah. Salah satu metode bioanalisis yang dapat digunakan yaitu denganmetode biosampling Dried Blood Spot (DBS). Analisis kadar dilakukan menggunakanKromatografi Cair Kinerja Ultra Tinggi Tandem Spektrometri Massa (KCKUT-SM/SM).Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji metode bioanalisis yang sesuai untuk digunakandalam analisis akrilamida dan glisidamida dalam DBS dengan KCKUT-SM/SM. Selainitu, perlu juga dilihat hubungan antara pola makan dengan kadar akrilamida dalam darahserta mengetahui potensi karsinogenisitas kedua analit tersebut terhadap manusia,terutama glisidamida.

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Acrylamide is a chemical compound that formed when carbohydrate-rich food is placed

in the heating process with high temperatures above 120°C. Many studies have discussed

the toxicity and carcinogenicity effects of acrylamide which produced neurotoxin,

genotoxin, and cytotoxin. After ingestion, acrylamide undergoes metabolism which

catalyzed by the CYP2E1 enzyme into its epoxide compounds, glycidamide. Both

acrylamide and glycidamide are very reactive to DNA and can form DNA-adducts, which

are known to be genotoxic and cytotoxic. Glycidamide is known to have a higher affinity

for DNA compared to its precursors, so it can be said that glycidamide is the ultimate

carcinogen of acrylamide. Exposure to acrylamide in humans can be obtained from a few

factors, which are occupational exposure, food exposure, and cigarette smoke. However,

studies found out that dietary intake is the major source of acrylamide and glycidamide

exposure. To determine the risk of acrylamide and glycidamide exposure to humans from

dietary intake, it is necessary to analyze its concentration levels in the blood. One of the

biosampling methods that can be used is Dried Blood Spot or DBS. The quantitative

analysis was conducted using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LCMS/

MS). This review article aims to analyze the bioanalytical method that is most

suitable for the analysis of acrylamide and glycidamide in DBS using LC-MS/MS.

Furthermore, it is necessary to examine the relationship between dietary intake with

acrylamide and glycidamide levels in the blood, as well as knowing the potential

carcinogenicity of both analytes to humans, especially glycidamides."

"Akrilamida dikenal bersifat karsinogen dan neurotoxin. Salah satu pengembangan metode deteksi akrilamida adalah dengan menggunakan biosensor berbasis hemogloin karena metode ini praktis, sensitif, dan cepat. Untuk itu dibutuhkan permukaan elektroda yang aktif, seperti Au dan Pt. Sudah banyak dilakukan penelitian membuat sensor akrilamida, namun tingkat kestabilan dan sensitifitas elektrodanya masih terbilang rendah. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pembuatan biosensor akrilamida menggunakan elektroda boron-doped diamond BDD termodifikasi emas dan hemoglobin. Teknik pembibitan kimia wet-chemical seeding dan elektrokimia electrochemical overgrowth of seeds dilakukan untuk memodifikasi elektroda BDD dengan emas. Karakterisasi dengan SEM-EDS menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 12,74 emas berhasil terdeposisi di permukaan BDD. Dengan menggunakan Hb konsentrasi 0,25 mM, sensor akrilamida yang dibuat memiliki linearitas yang tinggi R2 = 0,9901 pada rentang konsentrasi 0,6 sampai 6 M dengan perkiraan LOD mencapai 0,845 M. Pengukuran kandungan akrilamida dalam sampel kopi menggunakan sensor ini memberikan hasil yang mendekati dengan hasil pengukuran menggunakan HPLC.

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Acrylamide is known as carcinogenic and neurotoxin substrates. An alternative method for acrylamide detection is by using hemoglobin based biosensors, because it is a simple, rapid, and sensitive method. In this case, an active electrode surface, such as Au and Pt is necessary. Many studies have been done to create the acrylamide sensor. Unfortunatelly, the stability and the sensitivity of the electrodes were still poor. In this research, the electrodes for biosensor of acrylamide was prepared by modifying boron doped diamond BDD with gold and hemoglobin.

Wet chemical seeding technique followed by electrochemical overgrowth of seeds was performed to modify BDD electrodes with gold. The characterization with SEM EDS showed that gold could over 12.74 of the BDD surface. By immobilizing Hb with the concentration of 0.25 mM on the surface of the modified BDD, the linear calibration of the prepared acrylamide sensor was high R2 0.9901 in the concentration range of 0.6 to 6 M with an estimated LOD of 0.845 M. Measurement of acrylamide content in coffee samples using this sensor gives approach results to measurement results using HPLC. "