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"PT BIRU yang menyediakan jasa konsultasi enjiniring di bidang minyak dan gas, diketahui sering mengalami keterlambatan waktu penyelesaian proyek terutama terkait proses DED (Detailed Engineering Design) sehingga menimbulkan kerugian bagi perusahaan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan analisis pemborosan pada proses DED dalam proyek EPC (Engineering, Procurement dan Construction) yang dijalankan perusahaan dengan menggunakan pendekatan Lean Design Management. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner, wawancara, dan data sekunder. Diagnosis dan evaluasi proses desain menggunakan value stream mapping, distribusi waktu, serta indikator kinerja. Dari identifikasi 24 pemborosan yang diteliti, ditemukan 10 pemborosan dengan kumulatif frekuensi 80% terjadi di proses DED PT BIRU.Dari hasil penelitian diperlukan tindakan perbaikan pada: ruang lingkup pekerjaan; alur komunikasi dan koordinasi internal; quality control; hubungan antar pemilik proyek dan kontraktor; integrasi sistem; motivasi dan dukungan manajemen. Value stream mapping diusulkan untuk mengurangi aktivitas non-added value sebesar 29,3% dan waktu tunggu sebesar 82,5%, serta meningkatkan utilisasi cycle time.

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PT BIRU who provide oil and gas engineering consultation has been suffered from many project delays especially related to DED (Detailed Engineering Design) process. Therefore losses to the company is inevitable. In order to overcome this condition, a waste analysis in DED process of EPC (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction) projects is needed. This analysis is conducted using Lean Design Management approach. Data is collected using questionnaire, interview, and secondary data. Process design diagnosis and evaluation is performed using value stream mapping, time distribution, and performance indicator. Out of 24 type of identified wastes, there are 10 type of wastes that have 80% of cumulative frequency that happened in the DED process of PT BIRU.

The research suggests improvement activities in: scope of work; communication and internal coordination; quality control; relationship among project owner and contractor; system integration; and management support. A value stream mapping is proposed to decrease non-added value activity by 29,3%, reducing idle time by 82,5%, and increasing the utilization in the cycle time."

"Tingginya waste dan rendahnya value-addedpada industri konstruksi yang telah terjadi selama ini memberikan indikasi bahwa dibutuhkan solusi baruyang tepat untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut. Seiring dengan terjadinya peningkatan waktu dalam penyelesaian proyek yang terjadi pada PT XYZ dan mengakibatkan kegagalan proyek dalam mencapai target yang telah ditentukan, maka diperlukan adanya tindakan penyelesaian permasalahan yang efektif. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis faktor-faktor dominan penyebab pemborosan waktu pada rangkaian proses Engineering-Procurement-Construction (EPC) di PT XYZ. Identifikasi faktor-faktor dilakukan melalui studi literatur terkait konsep lean construction dan struktur Lean Project Delivery System (LPDS) yang dilanjutkan dengan analisis statistik (dengan alat bantu Software SPSS 22), analisis deskriptif, pemetaan matriks, dan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) menggunakan software Super Decisionsuntuk menentukan pembobotan kriteria. Pengelolaan faktor-faktor dominan diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan narasumber untuk mengetahui penyebab utama, tindakan perbaikan dan tindakan pencegahan untuk setiap faktor dominan sesuai dengan urutan prioritas. Penelitian ini menghasilkan urutan prioritas 5 faktor dominan yang muncul di setiap fase LPDS, dan dilengkapi dengan tindakan-tindakan pengelolaannya, baik dalam hal komunikasi internal, kontrol kualitas, standar prosedur, proses survei di lapangan, maupun komunikasi dan keterbukaan informasi dengan pihak pemilik proyek.

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High waste and low value-added in the construction industry gives an indication that the new solutions are required to address these issues. Along with the increase of time to complete the projects in the PT XYZ that lead to failure in achieving the set targets, it is necessary to haveeffective solution of the issue. This study is conducted to identify and analyze the dominant factors that cause waste of time on a series of processes of Engineering-Procurement-Construction (EPC) in PT XYZ. Identification of factors is done through the study of literature related to the concept of lean construction and structure of Lean System Delivery Project (LPDS), followed by statistical analysis (SPSS 22 software), descriptive analysis, matrix mapping, and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) using the Super Decisions software to determine weighting of criteria. The solutions to manage dominant factors is obtained through interviews to find out the main cause, corrective action and preventive action for each of the dominant factors in order of priority. This research resulted in the order of priorityof the 5 dominant factor that appears in every phase of LPDS, complete with management actions, both in terms of internal communication, quality control, standard of procedures, the process of the survey in the field, as well as communication and disclosure of information by the project owner."

"Desain dan kualitas dokumentasi yang buruk telah diidentifikasi sebagai faktor utama dalam mengurangi kinerja dan efisiensi proyek konstruksi. Dengan mengadaptasi prinsip-prinsip produksi Lean dan melihat konstruksi dalam hal "produksi", alih-alih sebagai "transformasi", konsep "Konstruksi Lean" berhasil meningkatkan efisiensi proses konstruksi secara keseluruhan, dengan meningkatkan cara bagaimana operasi proyek konstruksi dikelola. Manajemen Desain Lean, merupakan metodologi yang sedang dipromosikan sebagai paradigma baru dimana proses desain dapat dibuat lebih efisien dan hasil kualitas yang lebih baik dicapai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan proses desain teknik pada sebuah sistem yang kompleks seperti halnya sebuah proyek desain fasilitas eksploitasi minyak dan bumi yang berada di lepas pantai. Tesis ini mengusulkan model workflow berdasarkan prinsip Lean dengan menghilangkan buangan (waste) dan memaksimalkan efisensi dalam proses desain teknik bagi pelanggan atau pemilik fasilitas.

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Poor quality of design and documentation has been identified as a major factor in reducing the performance and efficiency of construction projects. By adapting the principles of production of Lean and apply the construction in terms of "production", rather than as "transformation", the concept of "construction Lean" managed to increase the overall efficiency of the construction process, by improving the way operations are managed on construction projects. Design Management Lean, a methodology that is being promoted as a new paradigm in which the design process can be made more efficient and better quality outcomes achieved. This study aims to improve the engineering design process in a complex system such as an oil exploitation project of offshore facility design. This thesis proposes a model workflows based on the principles of Lean by eliminating the waste and to maximize efficiency in process engineering design for the customer or the owner of the facility."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini membahas perancangan ulang manufacturing line yang tepat untuk memproduksi tas boneka di bagian painting dan torso assembly PT. XYZ. Lini produksi bagian painting dan torso assembly tidak terkoneksi langsung dan dipisahkan oleh jarak yang jauh. Tidak terkoneksinya lini produksi ini juga berkaitan erat dengan masalah penumpukan work-in-process (WIP). Hal ini dikarenakan setelah part diproses di bagian painting, part tersebut harus dikemas dahulu untuk ditumpuk di area WIP sebelum dikirim ke proses selanjutnya. Proses perpindahan WIP ini juga memakan biaya yang besar, selain biaya penyimpanan seperti packaging dan space, ada pula biaya material handling yang meliputi operator dan peralatannya. Selain itu, produktifitas operator juga tidak maksimal. Banyak gerakan-gerakan yang tidak memberikan nilai tambah (non-value added ) dilakukan oleh operator. Eliminasi waste berupa transportasi dan penumpukan inventori berupa work-in-process dapat dilakukan dengan metode ranked positional weigth (RPW). Dengan metode tersebut, akumulasi jarak transportasi berkurang secara signifikan dan jumlah work-in-process berhasil dieliminasi 100%. Selanjutnya, untuk menambah produktifitas manufacturing line maka dilakukan eliminasi waste yang berupa gerakan yang tidak perlu. Eliminasi waste ini berupa improvement terhadap metode kerja dengan menggunakan Methods-Time Measurement (MTM-1). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah rancangan one-piece-flow manufacturing line yang berbentuk simulasi.

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ABSTRACTThis study is discusses the re-design process to obtain a right design of manufacturing line to produce doll’s bag at the painting and torso assembly area at PT. XYZ. Production line at painting and torso area is independent each other. This condition is aligning with work-in-process (WIP) problem. Beacause of that, after part has been proceed at painting area, that part has to packaged and stored before go to next process. That process need a lot of cost, such as packaging cost, space cost, and also material handling cost. Furthermore, the productivity of the operator is not high. There are a lot of unnecessary motion that operator do. Elimination of waste in the form of transportation and inventory buildup in the form of work-in-process can be carried out by ranked positional weigthed ( RPW ) method. With this method, the accumulated distance transport is significantly reduced and the amount of work-in-process 100% successfully eliminated. Furthermore, to increase the productivity of manufacturing line, elimination of waste in the form of unnecessary movement is necessary. Elimination of unnecessary motion is to improve the working methods using the Methods - Time Measurement (MTM - 1). The result of this study is a design of one-piece-flow manufacturing line in form of simulation."

"Engineering design, planning and management covers engineering design methodology with an interdisciplinary approach, concise discussions, and a visual format. The book covers the product design process in the context of both established companies and entrepreneurial start-ups. Readers will discover the usefulness of the design process model through practical examples and applications from across the engineering disciplines.Author Hugh Jack takes the reader through phases ranging from risk assessment and need identification through specification and detailed design, addressing intellectual property issues as well. Recognizing that design is a process commonly performed in teams, Jack also covers project management and team dynamic topics where appropriate."

"Pada pekerjaan konstruksi jalur pipa sering terjadi keterlambatan dalam penyelesaian proyek tersebut. Penyebab keterlambatan tersebut salah satunya terjadi pada tahapan desain enjiniring terinci yaitu pekerjaan ulang dan keterlambatan penyediaan dokumen. Studi kasus pada proyek yang dikerjakan PT. XYZ terjadi keterlambatan yang diindikasikan dengan penurunan kinerja waktu proyek dan kinerja kualitas deliverabel yang dihasilkan. Hal ini terindikasi risiko-risiko pada tahapan desain enjiniring terinci yang belum teridentifikasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi faktor dominan atas risiko pekerjaan ulang dan kualitas buruk dalam pekerjaan desain enjiniring dan rekomendasi respon risiko tersebut. Respon tersebut dijadikan rekomendasi pengembangan perencanaan kualitas berbasis risiko. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner dan wawancara terhadap pakar. Data dianalisa dengan formula relative index untuk menentukan faktor risiko dominan dan kesimpulan dari hasil wawancara pakar. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menghasilkan faktor risiko dominan yaitu Perubahan data desain dan spesifikasi, buruknya koordinasi dan komunikasi tim dan buruknya pengelolaan (checking) kualitas dokumen. Berdasar dari respon faktor dominan tersebut didapatkan rekomendasi pengembangan terkait penambahan informasi (input data, alur komunikasi, check list kualitas) dokumen referensi atau penambahan konten dari perencanaan kualitas untuk pengendalian risiko. Dan terkait studi kasus PT. XYZ, menambahkan deliverabel terkait jalur pipa (Alignment Sheet Drawing) pada perencanaan kualitas PT. XYZ.

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In the pipeline construction work, delays often occur in the completion of the project. One of the delay causes are occurred in the detailed engineering design stages, rework or poor quality and delay in the provision of documents. Case studies on projects undertaken by PT. XYZ has a delay that is indicated by a decrease in project time performance and deliverable quality performance produced. These risks are indicated in the detailed engineering design stages that have not been identified. The purpose of this study is to identify the dominant factors for risk of rework and poor quality in engineering design work and recommendations for risk response. The risk response made into the recommendations for developing quality plan based on dominant risk response. Methods of collecting data using questionnaires and interviews with experts. Data is analyzed by a relative index formula to determine dominant risk factors and conclusions from the results of expert interviews. The conclusions of this study are produce dominant risk factors, namely changes in design data and specifications, poor team coordination and communication and poor checking of document quality. Based on risk response of dominant risk factors, development recommendations related to the addition of information (data input, communication flow, quality check list) reference documents or the addition of content from quality planning to risk control. And related to the case study of PT. XYZ, adds deliverables related to the pipeline (Alignment Sheet Drawing) on ​​the quality planning of PT. XYZ.

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