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"ABSTRAKPenelitian menunjukkan bahwa lingkungan pangan mencerminkan pola makan pada populasi dari bermacam kalangan usia, termasuk wanita sebagai penyedia pangan dalam rumah tangga. Studi kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh pola makan yang dibentuk oleh pilihan pangan. Pengumpulan data yang utama diperoleh dari wawancara mendalam kepada delapan belas (n=18) wanita dengan BMI status yang berbeda berdasarkan laporan individu. Analisis isi diterapkan pada data analisis. Para wanita melaporkan keputusan pembelian makanan dibatasi oleh makanan yang tersedia di area sekitar tempat tinggal dan menu pilihan anak. Kecenderungan pada makanan yang murah, enak, siap saji dan banyak mengarahkan wanita pada konsumsi tinggi lemak, karbohidrat, gula dan garam. Toko makanan yang banyak tersedia mengelilingi area tinggal memenuhi permintaan terhadap makanan kurang sehat tersebut. Promosi ke rumah oleh karyawan supermarket meningkatkan akses pada minyak. Studi ini memberikan wawasan untuk membantu mengembangkan metode advokasi dan edukasi yang berguna untuk perencanaan program gizi pada wanita di area kumuh perkotaan.

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ABSTRACTStudies shown food environment reflects dietary practices among various age populations, including women as household food gatekeepers. The present qualitative study aims to elicit current dietary practices shaped by food choice. Main data collection was obtained from in-depth interviews to eighteen (n=18) women with different self-reported BMI status. Observation and focus group discussion were carried on to attain insights on communal activities and practices. Content analysis was applied. Women reported that purchasing decision was limited to food available nearby and children?s preferred menu. Preference to foods that was cheap, convenient, tasty and plentiful led women to consume foods high in fats, carbohydrates, sugars and salts. Food stores that were massively available surrounding the residents satisfied the demands on such kinds of unhealthy foods. Door to door promotion by convenience store crews, increase access of cooking oil. This study provides insights to foster healthier food choice among urban slum women."

"Konsumsi pangan yang beragam dan seimbang penting untuk menjalani hidup yang sehat dan aktif, termasuk di masa pandemi. Jika tidak, pola makan yang tidak seimbang menyebabkan malnutrisi, seperti kelebihan berat badan dan obesitas yang menjadi perhatian pada orang dewasa di Jakarta Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi (Jabodetabek). Untuk memfasilitasi perubahan perilaku yang lebih sehat, motivasi dan niat seseorang perlu dipertimbangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara motivasi pemilihan makanan, tahap perubahan, dan keberagaman konsumsi pangan (diukur melalui Pola Pangan Harapan/PPH) pada orang dewasa di Jabodetabek selama pandemi COVID-19. Sebuah studi cross-sectional dilakukan pada 229 orang dewasa (berusia 18 – 59 tahun). Analisis deskriptif, korelasi, analisis varians dan pemodelan persamaan struktural dilakukan. Status sosial ekonomi subjek tergolong tinggi. Nilai median PPH adalah 81,59 (dari 100); disumbangkan oleh kelompok buah-buahan dan sayur-sayuran sebagai yang tertinggi, diikuti oleh kelompok pangan hewani. Sebagian besar subjek berada pada tahap prekontemplasi. Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara tahap perubahan dengan keberagaman konsumsi pangan, tetapi ada hubungan yang signifikan dengan skor buah dan sayuran. Agama adalah motivasi pemilihan makanan dengan skor median tertinggi, diikuti oleh harga dan kenyamanan. Kesehatan, kandungan alami dan pengendalian berat badan merupakan motivasi yang berhubungan signifikan dengan tahap perubahan dan berkorelasi dengan skor PPH. Selain itu, motivasi kenyamanan juga berkaitan dengan tahap perubahan, dan motivasi kepedulian etis berkorelasi dengan skor PPH. Motivasi pengendalian berat badan juga memiliki pengaruh langsung yang signifikan pada tahap perubahan, tetapi tidak pada keberagaman konsumsi pangan.

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The consumption of diverse and balance diet is important to live a healthy and active life, including during a pandemic. Otherwise, imbalance diet leads to malnutrition, such as overweight and obesity that concerned among adults in Jakarta Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi (Jabodetabek). To facilitate a healthier behavior change, one’s motivation and intention need to be considered. This study aimed to understand the relationship between food choice motives, stage of change, and dietary diversity (assessed by Pola Pangan Harapan (PPH)/ desirable dietary pattern) among adults in Jabodetabek during COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 229 adults (aged 18 – 59 years old). Descriptive analysis, correlation, analysis of variance and structural equation modeling were conducted. Socio-economic status of subjects was high. The PPH median score was 81.59 (out of 100); contributed by fruit-and-vegetable group as the highest, followed by animal-based-food group. Majority of the subjects were in precontemplation stage. There was no significant association between stage of change with dietary diversity, but there was a significant association with fruit-and-vegetable score. Religion was the food choice motive with highest median score, followed by price and convenience. Health, natural content and weight control was the motives that significantly associated with stage of change and correlated with PPH score. Besides that, convenience motive was also associated with stage of change, and ethical concern motive was correlated with PPH score. Weight control motive also had significant direct effect on stage of change, but not on dietary diversity."

"Kawasan Gunung Patuha merupakan kawasan agropolitan dengan lanskap berupa areal budi daya tanaman pangan. Untuk mengaturkehidupan, masyarakat membudidayakan tanaman pangan di areal pertanian, perkebunan teh, dan hutan. Pengukuran aset mata pencaharian masyarakat sangat penting karena orang yang tinggal di ketinggian berbeda memiliki akses terhadap aset mata pencaharian yang berbeda. Perbedaan kepemilikan aset mata pencaharian mempengaruhi pilihan strategi mata pencaharian yang dibuat oleh masyarakat. Selain melaksanakan kegiatan budidaya tanaman pangan, strategi mata pencaharian masyarakat yang harus dilakukan adalah mendiversifikasi mata pencaharian untuk memenuhi mata pencahariannya. Aset mata pencaharian masyarakat di Kawasan Pegunungan Patuha sangat besar bervariasi, secara umum kepemilikan aset mata pencaharian masyarakat berada pada kelasnya sedang sampai tinggi. Kepemilikan aset alam merupakan basis utama masyarakat mendiversifikasi mata pencaharian untuk memaksimalkan pendapatan dan meminimalkan resiko. Semakin rendah tuntutan kepemilikan aset alam mendiversifikasi semakin tinggi. Rendahnya kepemilikan aset alam bagi petani teh dan kopi menyebabkan petani melakukan diversifikasi mata pencaharian mereka memanfaatkan aset sosialnya. Sedangkan petani padi memiliki hortikultura kekuatan aset alam di ketinggian lebih dari 1.500 mdpl tidak terdiversifikasi mata pencaharian, tetapi pada ketinggian kurang dari 1.500 mdpl diversifikasi mata pencaharian. Pasalnya, masa panen 3-6 bulan sekalidan harga komoditas musiman.

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The Patuha Mountain area is an agropolitan area with a landscape in the form of an area for cultivating food crops. To regulate life, people cultivate food crops in agricultural areas, tea plantations, and forests. The measurement of community livelihood assets is very important because people living at different heights have access to different livelihood assets. Differences in ownership of livelihood assets affect the choice of livelihood strategies made by communities. Besides carrying out food plant cultivation activities, the community livelihood strategy that must be carried out is diversifying their livelihoods to meet their livelihoods. The livelihood assets of the people in the Patuha Mountains are enormous varied, in general the ownership of community livelihood assets was in the medium to high class. Ownership of natural assets is the main basis for society to diversify their livelihoods to maximize income and minimize risks. The lower the demand for natural asset ownership, the higher the diversification. The low ownership of natural assets for tea and coffee farmers causes farmers to diversify their livelihoods by utilizing their social assets. While rice farmers have horticultural strength of natural assets at an altitude of more than 1,500 masl, there is no diversification of livelihoods, but at an altitude of less than 1,500 masl of livelihood diversification. The reason is, the harvest period is once every 3-6 months and seasonal commodity prices."

"[ABSTRAKPerubahan pada lingkungan makanan dapat mempengaruhi pola makan hinggameningkatkan resiko obesitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplor lingkunganmakanan (paparan promosi makanan dan pemilihan tempat belanja) dalamkaitannya perubahan pola makan perempuan dewasa di area kumuh perkotaan.Studi cross-sectional pada 200 perempuan usia 19-50 tahun telah dilakukan diKelurahan Kampung Melayu. Pola makan di evaluasi dengan Analisis Cluster danAnalisis Factor. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa pola makan perempuan dewasa diarea kumuh perkotaan tidak berasodiasi dengan promosi makanan (durasimenonton TV dan frekuensi melihat penawaran spesial), melainkan berasosiasidengan pemilihan tempat belanja

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ABSTRACTFood environmental approach to the obesity in urban slum area is important as thechanges to food environment influence the dietary pattern. This study aimed toexamine the association of food marketing exposure and food store choice towarddietary pattern among urban slum women. A cross-sectional study with 200women (aged 19-50 years) was conducted in Kampung Melayu village. Dietarypattern was analyzed by Cluster and Principal Component Analysis. This resultsshow that food store choice, instead of food marketing exposure (TV viewing andfrequency of seeing special offer), contributed to certain dietary pattern of urbanslum women;Food environmental approach to the obesity in urban slum area is important as thechanges to food environment influence the dietary pattern. This study aimed toexamine the association of food marketing exposure and food store choice towarddietary pattern among urban slum women. A cross-sectional study with 200women (aged 19-50 years) was conducted in Kampung Melayu village. Dietarypattern was analyzed by Cluster and Principal Component Analysis. This resultsshow that food store choice, instead of food marketing exposure (TV viewing andfrequency of seeing special offer), contributed to certain dietary pattern of urbanslum women;Food environmental approach to the obesity in urban slum area is important as thechanges to food environment influence the dietary pattern. This study aimed toexamine the association of food marketing exposure and food store choice towarddietary pattern among urban slum women. A cross-sectional study with 200women (aged 19-50 years) was conducted in Kampung Melayu village. Dietarypattern was analyzed by Cluster and Principal Component Analysis. This resultsshow that food store choice, instead of food marketing exposure (TV viewing andfrequency of seeing special offer), contributed to certain dietary pattern of urbanslum women, Food environmental approach to the obesity in urban slum area is important as thechanges to food environment influence the dietary pattern. This study aimed toexamine the association of food marketing exposure and food store choice towarddietary pattern among urban slum women. A cross-sectional study with 200women (aged 19-50 years) was conducted in Kampung Melayu village. Dietarypattern was analyzed by Cluster and Principal Component Analysis. This resultsshow that food store choice, instead of food marketing exposure (TV viewing andfrequency of seeing special offer), contributed to certain dietary pattern of urbanslum women]"

"Berdasarkan survei survei awal yang dilakukan oleh peneliti menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 56% siswa SMA di salah satu sekolah swasta di Tangerang menggunakan suplemen makanan. Angka ini ternyata lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan prevalensi penggunaan suplemen makanan di dunia (31%). Dari hal tersebut, peneliti tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui proporsi penggunaan suplemen makanan pada siswa SMA serta menilai hubungan antara status kesehatan dan faktor lainnya dengan konsumsi suplemen makanan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional yang dilakukan pada bulan April di SMA Islamic Village Tangerang. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 135 responden yang dipilih secara systematic random sampling. Konsumsi suplemen makanan merupakan variabel terikat dalam penelitian ini. Sedangkan variabel bebas terdiri dari status gizi (Indeks Massa Tubuh), riwayat si, riwayat penyakit kronis, jenis kelamin, pengetahuan gizi, asupan karbohidrat, asupan protein, konsumsi sayur, konsumsi buah, praktek konsumsi suplemen orang tua, keterpaparan media promosi, dan pengaruh teman sebaya. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan meliputi kuesioner, form FFQ-SQ, timbangan seca, microtoise, dan food model. Penelitian ini melibatkan analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat berupa uji chi square. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan proporsi pengguna suplemen makanan pada siswa SMA Islamic Village Tangerang Tahun 2012 sebesar 53,3%. Selain itu, terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara riwayat penyakit kronis, praktek konsumsi suplemen orang tua, keterpaparan media massa, dan pengaruh teman sebaya dengan konsumsi suplemen makanan. Hubungan yang bermakna antara riwayat penyakit kronis dengan konsumsi suplemen makanan (p value = 0,020) sejalan dengan penelitian yang dilakukan Rock (2007). Hubungan yang bermakna antara praktek konsumsi suplemen orang tua dengan konsumsi suplemen makanan (p value = 0,000) juga didukung dengan penelitian Ramadani (2005). Adanya hubungan antara keterpaparan media promosi dengan konsumsi suplemen makanan (p value = 0,000) juga sejalan dengan penelitian Putri (2004). Sedangkan hubungan yang bermakna antara pengaruh teman sebaya dengan konsumsi suplemen makanan (p value = 0,000) didukung oleh penelitian O’Dea (2003). Dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa terdapat hubungan antara riwayat penyakit kronis dengan faktor lingkungan sosial dengan konsumsi suplemen makanan. Selain itu, diperoleh saran bagi pihak siswa dan orang tua agar lebih selektif dalam memilih produk suplemen makanan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhannya, serta bagi pihak sekolah dan pihak pemerintah (dinas kesehatan dan pendidikan Kabupaten Tangerang) agar lebih mensosialisasikan informasi terkait gizi kepada masyarakat.

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There has been 56% of private high school students in Tangerang using food supplement based on the early survey that has been made. It was higher than the number of food supplement users in the world (31%) so that the researcher was interested to find out the proportion of the food supplement users in senior high students and also to evaluate the association between health status and the other factors with food supplement consumption.

This study used a cross sectional design study. It was held in April 2012 at Islamic Village Tangerang Senior High. There were 135 respondents which was selected by systematic random sampling. The food supplement consumption was a dependent variable of this study, meanwhile the body mass index, infectious disease history, chronic disease history, gender, nutrition knowledges, carbohydrate intake, protein intake, vegetable consumption, fruit consumption, supplement consumption by parents, media exposure, and also peers influences were independent variable. Questionnaire, FFQ-SQ form, seca scale, microtoise, and food model were used as the instruments of this study. This study used two kind of analysis, there were univariate analysis and bivariate analysis which was chi square test.

The result of this study was showed that there were 53,3% food supplement users among Islamic Village Tangerang students in 2012. Besides, there were a significant assocation between chronic disease history, supplement consumption by parents, media exposure, and also peers influences with food supplement consumption. A significant association between a chronic disease history and food supplements consumption (p value = 0.020) was in line with research by Rock (2007). A significant association between supplement consumption by parents with food supplements consumption (p value = 0.000) are also supported Ramadani's research in 2005. An association between media exposure with the food supplements consumption (p value = 0.000) also in line with research by Putri (2004). While a significant association between peers influences with the food supplements consumption (p value = 0.000) supported by O'Dea’s research in 2003.

In conclusion, this study showed that there are a significant association between chronic disease history and social environment influences with food supplements consumption. Besides, it was obtained the suggestions for the students also the parents to be more selective in choosing food supplements product that suit their needs and for the school and government to socialize nutrition information to society, especially for high school students."

"The objective of the research is to analysis the role of female in food diversification effort in order to reach food security that is affected by householder in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) Indonesia. We focused in role of female household level because female is the decision maker to choose and serve the food household consumption..."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan konsumsi buah dan sayur pada siswa di SMP Negeri 28 Jakarta dan SMP Negeri 1 Jakarta. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April sampai Mei 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional dengan instrument penelitian berupa kuesioner dan FFQ. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 50,3% responden sering mengonsumsi buah dan sayur. Hasil bivariat menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara frekuensi makan pagi (p-value 0,028; OR 3,054) dan contoh dari orangtua (p-value 0,002; OR 2,785). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa contoh dari orangtua menjadi faktor yang paling berhubungan dengan konsumsi buah dan sayur. Walaupun responden sering mengonsumsi buah dan sayur tetapi rata-rata buah dan sayur yang dikonsumsi setiap harinya masih sangat sedikit. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan contoh yang baik dari orangtua dalam hal mengonsumsi buah dan sayur serta lebih mengajak anaknya untuk teratur dalam makan pagi.

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The purpose of this study was to determine factors associated with fruit and vegetable consumption among student in SMPN 28 Jakarta and SMPN 1 Jakarta. This study was held in April until May 2013. The method used in this study was cross sectional design with questionnaire and FFQ as an instrument. The result of this study showed that 50,3% respondent often consumed fruit and vegetable. From analyses data used chi-square, there were significant association between breakfast frequency and parents modeling.

Multivariate analysis showed that the strongest correlations fruit and vegetable consumption was parents modeling. Eventhough, they often consumed fruit and vegetable, the mean of fruit and vegetable which consumed everyday is so little. So that, parents must be a good models for their teenagers and ask their teenager to breakfast regularly."

"Masyarakat adat adalah kelompok yang paling rentan terhadap kerawanan pangan. Strategi bertahan mereka unik karena berkaitan dengan budaya dan kepercayaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi strategi bertahan pada keluarga tahan pangan dan keluarga rawan aman pada Masyarakat Adat Kaluppini di Sulawesi Selatan. Informan adalah ibu balita. Enam puluh satu ibu terlibat dalam penelitian ini. Semua informasi dicatat, ditranskripsi verbatim dan dianalisis menggunakan Dedoose. Strategi yang sama diterapkan seperti meminjam makanan/uang serta melakukan strategi tradisional. Keluarga rawan pangan mencari penghasilan tambahan dengan cara mencari pekerjaan tambahan di kota sedangkan keluarga tahan pangan bekerja di luar pulau atau ke negeri.

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Indigenous peoples are the most vulnerable to food insecurity. Their coping strategies were unique because related to culture and belief. This study aimed to explore coping strategies among food secure and food insecure households of Kaluppini Indigenous People in South Sulawesi. Informants were mothers of under five. Sixty one mothers involved in this study. All information was recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed by using Dedoose. The same strategies were applied such as borrowing food money and doing traditional coping. Food insecure households generated additional money by seeking additional job in town while food secure households migrated to the other islands or working overseas."

"Politik pangan Indonesia tertuang dalam UU No.7 tahun 1996 tentang pangan. Pencapaian politik pangan diukur lewat konsep ketahanan pangan. Konsep ini diadopsi ternyata tidak mampu mengatasi masalah kelaparan. Konsep ketahanan pangan yang tidak mempersoalkan siapa yang memproduksi, dari mana produksi pangan, dan bagaimana pangan diproduksi kemudian jadi "kuda troya" kapitalisasi sisitem pembangunan pangan dunia yang didesain oleh negara-negara utara.Hasilnya, sistem pertanian negara-negara selatan hancur.Kondisi ini melahirkan konsep tandingan: kedaulatan pangan. Berbeda dengan ketahanan pangan yang teknis, kedaulatan pangan adalah konsep politik. Ada perbedaan mendasar antara ketahanan pangan dengan kedaulatan pangan: model produksi pertanian industri VS agroekologis dan multikultur; pasar bebas VS proteksionis dan lokal; memakai instrumen WTO vs International Planning committee for food sovereignty; memuja paten vs anti paten dan komunal; dan wacana economic rationalism vs green rationalism. Jadi, diverfikasi pangan hanya bagian kecil untuk menggapai kedaulatan pangan. Diversifikasi pangan dirintis sejak 1960-an, tetapi hasilnya belum memuaskan. Hal pola konsumsi dan produksi/ketersediaan pangan tidak seimbang, inefisiensi sisitem distribusi dan liberalisasi pasar pangan. Dibandingkan negara-negara Asia, Indonesia memiliki daya dukung lahan cukup baik. Untuk memperkuat diversifikasi pangan harus dipastikan SD ada di bawah kontrol petani/komunitas untuk memproduksi aneka pangan sesuai kondisi lokal, mendahulukan pangan yang bisa diproduksi sendiri daripada impor, mengolah pangan lokal menjadi tepung, mengubah kebijakan diversifikasi pangan yang tidak konsisten, merancang ulang pasar pangan, dan menjaga konsisitensi kebijakan."

"[Dengan menggunakan data Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) periodetahun 2000 dan 2007, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak dariprogram subsidi beras untuk orang miskin (Raskin) terhadap kesehatan anakIndonesia. Indikator kesehatan yang menjadi fokus dalam penelitian ini adalahtinggi dan berat badan anak yang telah dinormalisasi dengan umur masing-masinganak, atau dikenal dengan istilah height-for-age dan weight-for-age. Sebagaikontrol variable, penelitian ini juga menggunakan karakteristik anak, orang tua danrumah tangga. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah program Raskin berpengaruh positifterhadap tinggi badan anak yang berasal dari keluarga penerima Raskin. Akantetapi, penelitian ini tidak menemukan cukup bukti tentang manfaat program Raskinterhadap berat badan anak. Hasil penting lainnya dari penelitian ini adalah, dalamjangka panjang, status gizi anak yang berasal dari keluarga penerima Raskin tidakberbeda dengan mereka yang tidak menerima Raskin. Penelitian ini menemukanbahwa manfaat dari program Raskin yang diberikan di masa lampau, tidak lagiberpengaruh pada kesehatan anak setelah tujuh tahun kemudian;Using two waves of Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) collected in 2000and 2007, this paper examines the impact of the Indonesian food subsidies (Raskin)program in improving child health. In this paper, the health status of children isindicated by standardized height (height-for-age) and weight (weight-for-age)anthropometric measures (called as Z-score). As control variables, this study alsouses children, parents and households characteristics. The finding of this study isthat the Raskin program positively affects height of children living in eligiblehouseholds. On the other hand, there is not enough econometric evidence about theimpact of the Raskin program on child weight. Another important evidence foundby this study is that the nutritional status of children with and without the Raskinprogram is not different in the long term. It has been found that the Raskin programin the past has no impact on child health seven years later.;Using two waves of Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) collected in 2000and 2007, this paper examines the impact of the Indonesian food subsidies (Raskin)program in improving child health. In this paper, the health status of children isindicated by standardized height (height-for-age) and weight (weight-for-age)anthropometric measures (called as Z-score). As control variables, this study alsouses children, parents and households characteristics. The finding of this study isthat the Raskin program positively affects height of children living in eligiblehouseholds. On the other hand, there is not enough econometric evidence about theimpact of the Raskin program on child weight. Another important evidence foundby this study is that the nutritional status of children with and without the Raskinprogram is not different in the long term. It has been found that the Raskin programin the past has no impact on child health seven years later., Using two waves of Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) collected in 2000and 2007, this paper examines the impact of the Indonesian food subsidies (Raskin)program in improving child health. In this paper, the health status of children isindicated by standardized height (height-for-age) and weight (weight-for-age)anthropometric measures (called as Z-score). As control variables, this study alsouses children, parents and households characteristics. The finding of this study isthat the Raskin program positively affects height of children living in eligiblehouseholds. On the other hand, there is not enough econometric evidence about theimpact of the Raskin program on child weight. Another important evidence foundby this study is that the nutritional status of children with and without the Raskinprogram is not different in the long term. It has been found that the Raskin programin the past has no impact on child health seven years later.]"