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"Adanya masa pemerintahan Jerman Timur merupakan masa yang kelam bagi para warganya. Mereka diatur kebebasannya dan dikekang oleh pemerintah. Dalam novel Schuld, Grit Poppe mengemukakan pandangan dan kritiknya terhadap pemerintahan Jerman Timur. Kritik Grit Poppe terhadap pemerintahan Jerman Timur dianalisis dengan pendekatan sosiologi sastra yang difokuskan pada teori Pierre Bourdieu mengenai arena kekuasaan yang kemudian menjadi alat untuk menganalisa konflik di dalam novel ini yang mencerminkan kondisi sosial pada masa itu. Orang-orang yang melakukan perlawanan dengan pemerintah diawasi dan kemudian ditangkap oleh Stasi dan pihak Stasi tidak memandang umur orang yang ditangkap. Dengan perjuangan para warga Jerman Timur yang merindukan kebebasan, akhirnya Jerman Timur dan Jerman Barat kembali bersatu (Wiedervereinigung) dan masa reunifikasi ini dianggap juga sebagai masa perubahan "Wendezeit".

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The government of East Germany has brought the dark time for its citizens. The government set up a restriction for its citizens liberty and restrained them too. In the novel Schuld, Grit Poppe put her views and criticisms towards the government of East Germany. Her Critics towards the government of East Germany were analyzed by sociology of literature approach that is focused on the theory of Pierre Bourdieu about field of power which used as tools to analyzing the conflicts in this novel that reflects the social conditions in that time. The people, who were against with the government will be monitored and then arrested by the Stasi and the Stasi irrespective of age. Through the struggle of the East German citizens who yearn for freedom, finally East Germany and West Germany reunited (Wiedervereinigung) and reunification is considered to be a time of change "Wendezeit"."

"This thesis deals with the ideal facts in a work of George Sand, a French female-writer from 19th century. Sand believes that writing novel needs the touch of idealization. Idealization here is restricted to social aspect, especially the social values, which prevail in societies depicted in La Mare au Diable. To explore the object systematically, the structural method is chosen to observe the poetic aspect of the novel. As preliminary stage of discussion, this first step shows a sintagmatic axis of the story which concentrates merely on two characters, namely Germain and Marie. It also reveals that the intrigue of the story is basically simple, consisting only of a chronological set of simple events.The characters represent several social groups. It comes out that among societies of three villages, that's to say, Belair, Onueaux, and Farouche, all observations end up in privileging Belairian characters more than those of the two others. Positive characters and features belong totally to Belair. Good old generation, good young generation, tolerant men and intelligent women are those of Belair. On the contrary, the people of the two other villages have the opposite qualities.To put it briefly, Belair has the good characters. It is then justified with values prevailing and binding the individuals within the society. Originality in tradition, harmonious relationship, freedom from religious obligations, respectful status of women and the dominance of agricultural profession, are distinctive features which characterize Belair. On the contrary, Ormeaux and Farouche people show pragmatism, individualism, materialism, and exploitation. These facts are completed with the description of space and time which clearly confirms the fore-mentioned statement about Belair's excellent position.The result of the analysis mentioned-above is then compared to real rustic life in 19th century social history of France documented by social historians. There are a lot of contrasts resulting from this comparison. History reveals that societies in French villages were individualistic in nature, despite the fact that they were religious people. Besides, there was no equality of respect and opportunity for women. Social life was characterized by resolute segregation stemming from strict social classes. Moreover, typical villagers regarded other people in a fully suspicious stance so that no possible interaction could be put into reality, particularly with the urban society.From this comparison we can conclude that Belairian society is an idealized one which can be found in a noel. It typically represents all literary works in romantic tradition which expresses people's longing for the natural beauty. Such artistic trend reflects the basic concept in art, known as back to nature, whose origin can be traced back to the French philosopher, lean Jacques Rousseau. Sand can be classified as the writer who tries to create an ideal world to materialize her dreams and aspirations. In brief, La Mare au Diable accommodates Sand's obsession of perfect people who live in simple but happy life."

"Jerman menerapkan kebijakan pembagian jenis lembaga pendidikan yang memiliki dua fokus berbeda: yaitu sekolah menengah yang berorientasi praktek kerja Realschule, Hauptschule dan yang berorientasi perguruan tinggi Gymansium. Lembaga Gymansium merupakan jalur prioritas bagi anak-anak Jerman untuk dapat melanjutkan pendidikan ke perguruan tinggi. Dalam penelitian ini akan didiskusikan penggambaran ambisi tokoh orang tua terhadap Gymnasium dalam drama Frau M ller Muss Weg karya Lutz H bner. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya perbedaan pandangan akan pendidikan yang dianggap ideal di antara tokoh-tokoh dalam drama. Tulisan ini membahas pula kritik yang disampaikan oleh Lutz H bner selaku pengarang terhadap pandangan akan superioritas Gymnasium. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif, dengan pendekatan sosiologis Bourdieu.

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Germany implements a policy on the distribution types of educational institutions that have two different focuses the work oriented secondary school Realschule, Hauptschule and the university oriented secondary school Gymansium. Gymansium is a priority path for German children in order to continue their education to university. In this research will be discussed depiction of parents rsquo ambition towards Gymnasium in the drama Frau M ller Muss Weg by Lutz H bner.

The results of the study indicate, there are two different viewpoint of what considered as ideal education among the characters in the drama. This paper also discusses the criticism of the superiority of Gymnasium presented by Lutz H bner as the author. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method, with Bourdieus sociological approach. "

"ABSTRAKPortal sastra merupakan suatu bentuk transformasi dari sastra cetak ke elektronik yang memudahkan akses para pembaca. Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada perkembangan cerita anak di dunia digital. Melalui tiga buah kisah bertema mercusuar dalam blog www.366geschichten.de milik Marco Wittler, terdapat korelasi tematik tentang makna mercususar yang melambangkan tuntunan moral. Permasalahan yang diangkat seputar bagaimana makna simbolik bagi para tokoh dalam cerita serta bagaimana struktur narasi dari kisah yang ditulis oleh Marco Wittler dalam blog. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan makna simbolik mercusuar bagi para tokoh dalam cerita serta perspektif narasi dari kisah yang ditulis oleh Marco Wittler dalam blog. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah teori semiotik Peirce dan struktur narasi, sedangkan metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Konsepsi moralitas terwakili melalui simbolik mercusuar sebagai sebuah pedoman kehidupan yang dituliskan dalam format naratif yang singkat.

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ABSTRACTLiterary portal is a form of transformation from printed literature to be electronic literature which provides easier access to the reader. This research focuses on the development of children literature in the digital world. Referring to three stories with same main theme lighthouse in the blog www.366geschichten.de by Marco Wittler, there are thematic correlations on the meaning of each lighthouse which symbolizes the moral guidance. The issues of this research related to the symbolic meaning of the characters in the story and the structure of the narrative of the story written by Marco Wittler in the blog. The purpose of this research is to describe the symbolic meaning of the lighthouse for the characters in the story as well as the narrative perspective of the story written by Marco Wittler. This research used semiotic theory of Peirce and narrative structure, whereas the method used is qualitative descriptive. The conception of morality is represented by the symbolic of lighthouse as a guideline of life that written in narrative format."

"Kafkaesque merupakan istilah penting yang sering dibicarakan bukan cuma di dalam kajian sastra Jerman melainkan juga digunakan dalam kajian sastra di seluruh dunia. Makalah ini mengungkapkan bahwa gaya Kafkaesque, ciri khas dari sastrawan Franz Kafka, yang sejatinya digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan situasi yang aneh, misterius, dan teralienasi tanpa tahu penyebab atau solusi dari situasi tersebut dapat pula digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan ciri-ciri dari sastra urban. Jurnal ini menggunakan cerpen Franz Kafka sebagai korpus data yakni cerpen Der Ausflug ins Gebirge.

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Kafkaesque is an important term which often discussed not only in the study of German Literature but also in in the study of literature throughout the world. This journal reveals that Kafkaesque style, writer Franz Kafka’s trademark, which is actually used to describe a situation that is strange, mysterious, and alienated without knowing the cause or the solution 6of the situation can also be used to describe characteristics of urban literature. This journal uses short story of Franz Kafka as a data which is Der Ausflug ins Gebirge."

"Der andere Blick, Eine deutsche Leidenschaft namens Nudelsalat, dan Eine Germanistin im Haus erspart den Psychiater merupakan tiga cerita pendek karya Rafik Schami yang merupakan seorang imigran dari Syiria dan tinggal di Jerman. Rafik Schami memiliki ciri khas dan keunikan dalam gaya penulisannya. Terkadang, ia kerap membentuk kisahnya menjadi cerita di dalam cerita. Hal ini kemudian dapat kita analisa melalui teori naratologi. Pada cerpen - cerpen Schami, kita akan melihat bagaimana pandangan tokoh ich sebagai imigran terhadap budaya dan masyarakat Jerman. Ada beberapa budaya yang pada awalnya merupakan sesuatu yang fremd (asing) bagi dirinya, kemudian berubah menjadi bagian dari dirinya atau menjadi Eigenes setelah ia beradaptasi dengan budaya tersebut di Jerman. Hal ini dapat kita lihat melalui proses verstehen tokoh ich terhadap budaya Jerman tersebut.

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Der andere Blick, Eine deutsche Leidenschaft namens Nudelsalat, dan Eine Germanistin im Haus erspart den Psychiater are three short stories written by Rafik Schami, an immigrant from Syiria who lives in Germany. Rafik Schami has a unique writing style. He often uses frame narrative technique or a story within a story technique for his works. It can be analyzed by using narratology. In Schami's stories, we will see the perspective from ich character as an immigrant toward cultures and society in Germany. There were some cultures which at the first he considered as something fremd (strange), then it turned out to be a part of him or be Eigenes, after he adapted to the culture in Germany. This can be seen through verstehen process from ich character toward the German culture. "

"[ABSTRAK Peran dunia maya semakin menggerus sendi-sendi kehidupan masyarakat. Beberapa aspek bahkan tidak dapat lagi terpisahkan dari dunia internet. Ketergantungan yang semakin tinggi terhadap internet, telah menumbuhkan suatu tren sosial baru dalam masyarakat. Pada jurnal ini, penulis meneliti sebuah novel yang berawal dari kumpulan cerita di forum internet, dan menyebar secara masif melalui dunia maya. Sepasang Kaos Kaki Hitam karya Ari Ginting, adalah sebuah cerita dengan tema percintaan yang disertai plot unik, serta menarik rasa ingin tahu dari pembaca. Kehadiran novel ini mengubah stereotip umum dari cerita bertema cinta. Cerita yang mengusung tema cinta biasanya hanya menyasar kalangan pembaca tertentu, namun novel ini cenderung menyenangkan untuk dinikmati beragam kalangan serta usia. Beberapa keunggulan novel ini adalah, alur yang tidak membosankan, karakter yang menarik, serta latar sosial yang begitu kental. Poin-poin tersebut telah menstimulus keinginan penulis untuk mengangkat serta menganalisis novel ini dengan pendekatan sosiologi sastra. Tujuan penelitian adalah menemukan serta mengaitkan hubungan apa yang menyatukan Ari dan Meva, meskipun latar belakang serta segala aspek tentang hidup mereka begitu kontradiktif. Analisis penulis didukung dengan memperhatikan beberapa poin, seperti latar belakang sang tokoh, sifat mereka, serta kondisi lingkungan yang memengaruhi kepribadian mereka. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kedekatan mereka tidak hanya ditunjang kecocokan fisik atau latar belakang, tetapi karena hubungan yang kuat dalam kepribadian serta perasaan mereka satu sama lain.ABSTRACT The role of internet is already permeated in society life. Some aspects event can not be separated from internet. Dependency upon internet, has developed a new social trend in the society. On this jurnal, the author will analyze a novel, which emerged from a stories collection in online forum, and spread massively through the internet. Sepasang Kaos Kaki Hitam by Ari Ginting, is a love story with unique plot that attract curiousity from the reader. The presence of this novel, has change a common stereotype about love story. Unique plot, interesting character, a strong social background, has stimulated the author to analyze this novel with a viewpoint from sociology of literature. The purpose of this research is to find and connect what relation that can unite Ari and Meva in the story, even though they background is contradictive and so different from each other. The author analysis supported by some point, such as character background, their habit, and environmental condition that affect them. After the data was collected, the author describe it and leads to a conclusion.;The role of internet is already permeated in society life. Some aspects event can not be separated from internet. Dependency upon internet, has developed a new social trend in the society. On this jurnal, the author will analyze a novel, which emerged from a stories collection in online forum, and spread massively through the internet. Sepasang Kaos Kaki Hitam by Ari Ginting, is a love story with unique plot that attract curiousity from the reader. The presence of this novel, has change a common stereotype about love story. Unique plot, interesting character, a strong social background, has stimulated the author to analyze this novel with a viewpoint from sociology of literature. The purpose of this research is to find and connect what relation that can unite Ari and Meva in the story, even though they background is contradictive and so different from each other. The author analysis supported by some point, such as character background, their habit, and environmental condition that affect them. After the data was collected, the author describe it and leads to a conclusion.;The role of internet is already permeated in society life. Some aspects event can not be separated from internet. Dependency upon internet, has developed a new social trend in the society. On this jurnal, the author will analyze a novel, which emerged from a stories collection in online forum, and spread massively through the internet. Sepasang Kaos Kaki Hitam by Ari Ginting, is a love story with unique plot that attract curiousity from the reader. The presence of this novel, has change a common stereotype about love story. Unique plot, interesting character, a strong social background, has stimulated the author to analyze this novel with a viewpoint from sociology of literature. The purpose of this research is to find and connect what relation that can unite Ari and Meva in the story, even though they background is contradictive and so different from each other. The author analysis supported by some point, such as character background, their habit, and environmental condition that affect them. After the data was collected, the author describe it and leads to a conclusion., The role of internet is already permeated in society life. Some aspects event can not be separated from internet. Dependency upon internet, has developed a new social trend in the society. On this jurnal, the author will analyze a novel, which emerged from a stories collection in online forum, and spread massively through the internet. Sepasang Kaos Kaki Hitam by Ari Ginting, is a love story with unique plot that attract curiousity from the reader. The presence of this novel, has change a common stereotype about love story. Unique plot, interesting character, a strong social background, has stimulated the author to analyze this novel with a viewpoint from sociology of literature. The purpose of this research is to find and connect what relation that can unite Ari and Meva in the story, even though they background is contradictive and so different from each other. The author analysis supported by some point, such as character background, their habit, and environmental condition that affect them. After the data was collected, the author describe it and leads to a conclusion.]"