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"ABSTRAKPenelitian etnobotani konservasi kemenyan (Styrax spp.) oleh etnik Batak di Desa Pusuk I, Sumatera Utara telah berlangsung selama enam bulan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi terkait pengetahuan lokal etnik Batak dalam menjaga keberadaan kemenyan (Styrax spp.) dan memanfaatkannya secara berkelanjutan serta untuk mengetahui keberadaan populasi kemenyan di hutan Desa Pusuk I. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan etnobotani dan ekologi. Metode yang digunakan meliputi wawancara, observasi partisipatif dan analisis vegetasi. Penentuan lokasi penelitian dilakukan secara purposive. Melalui hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa etnik Batak di Desa Pusuk I mengenal dua spesies kemenyan yaitu Styrax paralleloneurum dan Styrax benzoin. Namun, spesies yang dibudidayakan dan dimanfaatkan sebagai komoditas ekspor ialah S. paralleloneurum. Etnik Batak di Desa Pusuk I terbukti memiliki pengetahuan lokal dalam menjaga keberadaan S. paralleloneurum dan memanfaatkannya secara berkelanjutan. Pengetahuan lokal tersebut ditemukan dalam proses pembudidayaan kemenyan, dimulai dari pemilihan bibit, pemeliharaan, penyadapan dan juga pemanenan getahnya. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan kondisi kemenyan, tepatnya S. paralleloneurum, yang masih menjadi spesies paling dominan di hutan Desa Pusuk I, ditandai dengan INP paling tinggi, baik di tingkat semai, pancang, tiang maupun pohon.

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ABSTRACTResearch on ethnobotany of Kemenyan (Styrax spp.) conservation by Batak Ethnic in Pusuk I Village, North Sumatera, was conducted on six months. The study aims to obtain information about indigenous knowledge of Batak Ethnic on keeping Kemenyan?s existence and using that plant sustainably, also to know Kemenyan?s population existence in Pusuk I forest. Research was done using ethnobotany and ecology approach. The methods used were interview, participatif observation, and vegetation analysis. Research?s location chosen purposively. The results showed that Batak Ethnic in Pusuk I Village, North Sumatera knew two species of Kemenyan that is Styrax paralleloneurum and Styrax benzoin. But, species that Batak Ethnic cultivate and use as an export commodity is S. paralleloneurum. Batak Ethnic proven had indigenous knowledges on keeping Kemenyan?s existence and using that plant sustainably. That indigenous knowledges was found in Kemenyan?s cultivation, starts from the seed selection, maintenance, tapping and harvesting the sap. The result also showed that Kemenyan still be a dominant species in Pusuk I forest, marked with Kemenyan?s Importance Index Values that highest in seedling, sapling, poles and tree stage."

"Sebagian besar masyarakat menyampaikan pengetahuan etnobotani secara lisan sehingga banyak dari pengetahuan mereka tidak terdokumentasikan. Tingkat pengetahuan etnobotani dipengaruhi oleh umur pada masyarakat. Namun, beberapa penelitian menyatakan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan etnobotani tidak dipengaruhi oleh umur. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan pendekatan etnobotani untuk mendokumentasikan pengetahuan etnobotani dan mengetahui pengaruh umur pada masyarakat pada tingkat pengetahuan tersebut.Penelitian dilakukan pada masyarakat subetnis Batak Toba di Desa Peadungdung, Sumatera Utara. Pengumpulan data etnobotani dan deskripsi desa dilakukan dengan metode wawancara terbuka dan semistruktural. Analisis data dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif, yaitu mengelompokkan spesies tumbuhan berdasarkan kategori guna dan pendekatan kuantitatif, yaitu analisis UVs, ICS dan LUVI.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 163 spesies tumbuhan berguna dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat dan dikelompokkan berdasarkan kegunaan, yaitu bahan pangan (71 spesies), kayu bakar (25 spesies), teknologi lokal (18 spesies), obat-obatan (92 spesies), konstruksi bangunan (13 spesies), tali-temali 15 spesies), pakan ternak (20 spesies), kerajinan (11 spesies), simbol (21 spesies) dan berpotensi ekonomi (12 spesies). Arenga pinnata merupakan spesies tumbuhan dengan nilai kultural (ICS) dan nilai guna (UVs) tertinggi. Bahan pangan merupakan kategori guna dengan nilai kepentingan lokal (LUVI) tertinggi, yaitu 9,9%. Tingkat pengetahuan etnobotani terendah pada kelompok responden berumur 17--30 tahun.

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Orally delivery about ethnobotanical knowledge cause the knowledge is not documented. The level of ethnobotanical knowledge in a society?s are different based on the age. However, some studies suggest that the level of ethnobotanical knowledge are not affected by age. Therefore, the ethnobotanical approach needs to documenting the ethnobotanical knowledge and identify the knowledge level of the local society about the use of plants.The study was conducted in Batak Toba sub-ethnic society in Peadungdung rural, North Sumatera. This study used open interview and semi-structured interview. The data were analyzed qualitatively by categorizing plant species based on their use dan quantitatively by measuring ICS, UVs and LUVI.The result show that 163 species of plant are used which are as food (71 species), fuelwood (25 species), local technology (18 species), medicines (92 species), the building materials (13 species), ropes (15 species), fodder (20 species), crafts (11 species), symbols (21 species) and economic potential (12 species). Arenga pinnata is the species with the highest value of ICS and UVs. Food is the most important use category because have the highest value of local interests (LUVI), that is 9,9%. The lowest level of ethnobotanical knowledge goes to 17--30 years-old respondent."

"ABSTRAKPengetahuan lokal mengenai pemanfaatan tumbuhan pangan oleh masyarakat etnis Karo di Desa Semangat Gunung belum sepenuhnya terdokumentasi. Sementara itu, pengaruh budaya lain yang masuk dapat mengancam keberadaan pengetahuan lokal masyarakat. Pendekatan etnobotani dilakukan untuk mendokumentasikan pengetahuan lokal masyarakat mengenai pemanfaatan tumbuhan pangan. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara semistruktural dan terbuka, observasi partisipasi, dan skoring kepada masyarakat lokal. Analisis data dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif, yaitu mengelompokkan tumbuhan pangan berdasarkan kategori guna dan pendekatan kuantitatif, yaitu analisis LUVI, ICS, dan FL. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 109 spesies tumbuhan pangan dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat, yang dikelompokkan menjadi pangan utama, pengganti pangan utama, sayuran, buah-buahan, bumbu, pangan adat, kudapan, minuman, dan pembungkus makanan. Nilai LUVI tertinggi berupa pangan utama, nilai ICS tertinggi berupa tualah (Cocos nucifera), dan nilai FL tertinggi diperoleh 92 spesies.

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ABSTRACT

Utilization of food plants by the society of Karo ethnic in Semangat Gunung village have not documented yet. The influence of other ethnic cultures that infiltrate to Semangat Gunung village can threaten the local knowledge of its society. Ethnobotanical approach is used to document the local knowledge of the society about food plants utilization. The data were obtained by open-ended and semistructural interview, participant observation, and scoring. The data analysis were carried out by categorizing food plant species based on their use and quantitatively by measuring LUVI, ICS, and FL. The food plant species that used by the society is 109 species. It categorized into 9 subcategory, they are the staple food, alternative staple foods, vegetables, fruits, spices, indigenous foods, snacks, drinks, and food warps. The highest LUVI is staple food subcategory, the highest ICS is tualah (Cocos nucifera), and the highest FL amounts to 92 species."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang etnomedisin tumbuhan obat sub-etnis Batak Sumatera Utara dan perspektif konservasinya, pada bulan Mei-Desember 2012. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkapkan keanekaragaman spesies-spesies tumbuhan obat yang diperdagangkan maupun yang dimanfatkan oleh etnis Batak, sebagai data awal untuk rencana konservasinya. Penelitian dilakukan di pasar Kabanjahe dan Berastagi mewakili tempat transaksi perdagangan tumbuhan obat di Sumatera Utara; lima desa (Kaban Tua, Surung Mersada, Simalungun, Peadundung, dan Tanjung Julu) untuk mewakili masyarakat lokal kelima subetnis Batak (Karo, Phakpak, Simalungun, Toba, dan Angkola-Mandailing). Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan etnobotani melalui survei pasar, survei masyarakat desa, dan analisis vegetasi. Survei dilakukan dengan wawancara bebas mendalam, semi terstruktur, observasi parsipatif. Metode pebble distribution method (PDM) dilakukan untuk mengetahui local user?s value index (LUVI) penyakit dan tumbuhan obat. Sebanyak 9 responden diwawancara pada survei pasar, sedangkan pada survei masyarakat mewawancara 201 responden (41 orang informan kunci dan 160 orang responden umum). Responden umum setiap sub-etnis berjumlah 32 orang dan dikelompokkan berdasarkan umur yaitu kelompok umur 30--50 tahun dan kelompok umur >50 tahun dengan perbandingan 1:1.Analisis vegetasi dilakukan dengan pendekatan ekologi, pada agrofores karet (Hevea brasiliensis) atau hutan adat seluas 5 ha (1 ha setiap daerah induk sub-etnis Batak). Transek dibuat berbentuk sampling bersarang (nested sampling) dengan ukuran 20 m x 100 m sebanyak 5 buah, yang penempatannya berdasarkan purposive sampling. Data dianalisis secara kualitatif dan kuatitatif.Analisis kualitatif dilakukan dengan menggunakan statistika deskriptif meliputi jenis-jenis tumbuhan obat, manfaat, organ yang dimanfaatkan, dan sumber perolehan. Analisis kuantitatif untuk survei masyarakat dilakukan dengan menghitung nilai indek keanekaragaman, use value (UVs), index cultural of significance (ICS), sedangkan untuk analisis vegetasi dihitung nilai kepentingan (NK) tumbuhan obat. Uji anova (α 5%) digunakan untuk menghitung rata-rata jumlah spesies tumbuhan obat yang diketahui pada setiap kelompok umur pada setiap sub-etnis Batak. Sebanyak 349 spesies yang berasal dari 212 genus dan 94 famili tumbuhan obat dan 20 macam ramuan tradisional diperjual-belikan di pasar tradisional Kabanjahe dan Berastagi. Sebanyak 176 spesies tumbuhan obat yang dijual di pasar Kabanjahe dan Berastagi dimanfaatkan untuk tujuan preventif, sedangkan sebanyak 255 spesies dimanfaatkan untuk tujuan kuratif.Hasil wawancara kelima masyarakat desa ditemukan 414 spesies yang berasal dari 241 genus dan 99 famili dimanfaatkan sebagi obat. Di antara kelima sub-etnis Batak maka, sub-etnis Batak Simalungun memnafaatkan spesies tumbuhan obat paling banyak (239 spesies), kemudian diikuti oleh Angkola-Mandailing (165 spesies), Karo (152 spesies), Toba (148 spesies), dan Phakpak (130 spesies). Daun merupakan organ tumbuhan yang paling banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai obat, baik oleh masyarakat lokal maupun yang dijual pedagang. Sebagain besar tumbuhan obat yang diperdagangkan maupun yang dimanfaatkan masyarakat lokal merupakan tumbuhan liar. Nilai UVs, ICS, dan LUVI spesies tumbuhan obat relatif berbeda anatar kelima sub-etnis, dan nilai tersebut sangat ditentukan oleh jumlah manfaat dan ke limpahannya di lingkungan sekitar. Tumbuhan obat yang manfaatnya banyak memiliki nilai UVs, ICS, dan LUVI lebih besar dibandingkan yang manfaatnya sedikit dan sebaliknya. Berdasarkan uji anova (alpha 5%) terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara jumlah tumbuhan obat yang diketahui berdasarkan kelompok umur dan kategori responden. Informan kunci memiliki pengetahuan pemanfaatan tumbuhan obat lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan responden umum. Berdasarkan nilai kepentingan lokal (LUVI) penyakit demam dan sakit perut merupakan penyakit yang memiliki LUVI paling tinggi pada setiap sub-etnis Batak.Hasil analisis vegetasi yang dilakukan pada hutan adat maupun agrofores ditemukan sebanyak 117 spesies hanya mewakili 28% dari keseluruhan jumlah spesies tumbuhan obat yang dimanfaatkan kelima masyarakat lokal sub-etnis Batak. Tumbuhan obat dominan (NK tertinggi) berhabitus pohon, semak/belta, dan semai/herba bervariasi antar agrofores dan sangat ditentukan tipe, umur, pola manajemen, luas, frekuensi penyiangan dan sadapan. Tumbuhan obat yang diperjual-belikan di pasar Kabanjahe dan Berastagi maupun hasil wawancara masyarakat lokal kelima daerah induk sub-etnis Batak memiliki indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener tinggi (> 3), namun tumbuhan obat yang ditrmukan dari analisis vegetasi memiliki indeks keanekaragaman rendah. Berdasarkan red list IUCN version 2012, tumbuhan obat yang dimanfaatkan oleh sub-etnis Batak memiliki status konservasi antara lain: sebanyak 17 spesies terancam, 7 spesies rentan, 6 spesies kritis, 16 spesies genting, dan 8 spesies masuk ke dalam apendiks II IUCN.

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Research is conducted on ethnomedicine of medicinal plants by sub-ethnic Batak in North Sumatra and conservation perspective, at May-December 2012. This research aims to obtained diversity of species medicinal plants traded and used by ethnic Batak, as data base the initial step for conservation plan of medicinal plants. Samples for this research were taken from Kabanjahe and Berastagi traditional markets as the representation of trading places, while Kaban Tua village, Surung Mersada village, Simbou Baru village, Peadundung village, and Tanjung Julu village representing the source of the obtained medicinal plants. Collecting data for this research was carried out by ethnobotany approach (market surveys, surveys local communities, and vegetation analysis). The interviews were conducted through free in-depth interviews, semi-structured, and participative observation. The local user's value index (LUVI) of the medicinal plants was done by the pebble distribution method (PDM). This approach was primarily carrying surveys and interviews of nine (9) traders of the medicinal plants in Kabanjahe and Berastagi traditional markets; and 201 local communities with 41 key informants and160 general respondents with two age goups, first group with 30--50 years old and second group above 50 years old with ratio 1:1.

Vegetation analysis conducted in the agroforest rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) or indegenous forest from area of 5 ha (1 ha each sub-ethnic) by ecological approach. The transect sampling was used in the form of nested sampling with a size of 20 m x 100 m of 5 pieces for each center regions of the sub-ethnic Batak. Data were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative method. Qualitative analysis is done by grouping plants based upon usage category, organs harvested, and resource.

Quantitative analysis by calculating index diversity, index of cultural significance (ICS), use value (UVs), LUVI, and statistical analysis; while vegetation analysis calculated importance value (IV). Our finding scored 349 species (212 genera, 94 families) of medicinal plants and 20 kinds concoctions traded in the traditional markets Kabanjahe and Berastagi. The medicinal plants for preventive purposes have been used 176 species, while as many as 255 species used for curative purposes.

Out of 5 villages were selected as the location of the research, the results showed that as many as 414 species (99 families) of medicinal plants have been used by those 5 sub-ethnic Batak. Among all of those, sub-ethnic Batak Simalungun was the highest using medicinal plants (239 species), then followed by Angkola-Mandailing (165 species), Karo (152 species), Toba (148 species), and Phakpak (130 species). Leaves are organ of the most used medicinal plants as medicine, by local communities and the traders medicinal plants. The majority of medicinal plants traded and local communities utilized are wild plants. The value of UVs, ICS, and LUVI of medicinal plants are different at the fifth sub-ethnic, and the value determined by the amount uses and abudance in the neighborhood. Medicinal plants many uses have value UVs, ICS, and LUVI greater than medicinal plants uses few and vice versa. Based on anova (alpha 0.05), it is found a significant different about medicinal plants which is known by the yonger, older, and key informants. The number of medicinal plants species known by the youger is smaller in compare to the older, and key informants. Based on the LUVI, fever and abdominal pain are diseases that has the highest LUVI on each sub-ethnic Batak.

The results of the analysis vegetation found as many as 117 species represent only 28% of the total number of medicinal plants by five sub-ethnic Batak. The medicinal plants dominant (highest IV) trees, shrubs/belta, and seedling/herb varies between agroforest, and which determined by type, age, pattern management, broad, weeding frequency, and leads agroforest. Medicinal plants traded in Kabanjahe and Berastagi traditional markets; and local communities used in five sub-ethnic Batak has the Shannon-Wiener diversity index is high (> 3), but medicinal plants drugs find at vegetation analysis has a low diversity index. Based on the LUVI, which are fever and abdominal pain are diseases that has the highest LUVI on each sub-ethnic Batak. Based on the IUCN red list of version 2012, the medicinal plants have been used by the sub-ethnic Batak have conservation status, among others: 17 species threat, 7 species vulnerable, 6 species critically, 16 species endagered, and 8 species into the appendix II IUCN."

"Penelitian terhadap pengetahuan etnobotani dan perspektif pengembangan Arenga pinnata oleh masyarakat Desa Bulumario, Kecamatan Sipirok, Sumatera Utara telah dilaksanakan pada Bulan Agustus-Oktober 2019. Penelitian bertujuan mendokumentasikan pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai pemanfaatan tumbuhan dan jenis tumbuhan apa saja yang penting bagi masyarakat Bulumario. Informasi yang dikumpulkan diharapkan dapat berperan dalam konservasi tumbuhan yang menunjang proses pengembangan kesejahteraan masyarakat di Desa Bulumario. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah wawancara secara mendalam dengan dipandu kuisioner, observasi partisipatif, dan survey lapangan. Pada penelitian etnobotani kategori guna terdapat 9 informan kunci dan 37 responden umum yang terdiri dari laki-laki dan perempuan yang berusia 30 tahun. Penelitian mengenai kajian pemanfaatan aren, responden adalah masyarakat yang bekerja sebagai petani aren, penyadap aren maupun tengkulak hasil produksi aren. Data di analisis secara kualitatif yaitu deskriptif dan kuantitatif yaitu nilai indeks kultural (ICS) dan analisis vegetasi. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat 164 spesies tumbuhan dari 63 famili yang dimanfaatkan masyarakat dalam berbagai kategori guna. Nilai ICS tertinggi adalah bargot (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr) yaitu sebesar 110 dengan pemanfaatan sebagai obat, pangan, ritual, minuman dan bahan bangunan. Pemanfaatan Arenga pinnata sebagai tumbuhan multiguna cukup tinggi di Bulumario, persebaran individu Arenga pinnata juga merata dengan kerapatan pohonnya 94 ind/ha. Bagian yang paling banyak dimanfaatkan adalah air nira yang berasal dari bunga jantan. Masyarakat Bulumario masih memanfaatkan aren yang tumbuh liar dan belum ada upaya budidaya tumbuhan tersebut.

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Research on the ethnobotany knowledge and perspective of Arenga pinnata development by the people of Bulumario Village, Sipirok District, North Sumatra has been carried out in August-October 2019. The research aims to document public knowledge about the use of plants and what types of plants are important for the Bulumario community. The information gathered is expected to play a role in the conservation of plants that support the process of developing community welfare in Bulumario Village. The research method used was in-depth interviews guided by questionnaires, participatory observation, and field surveys. In the ethnobotany category uses there were 9 key informants and 37 general respondents consisting of men and women aged 30 years. For study of the use of sugar palm, respondents are people who work as sugar palm farmers, sugar palm tappers and middlemen from the production of palm sugar. The data were analyzed qualitatively namely descriptive and quantitative namely the value of the cultural index (ICS) and vegetation analysis. The results showed that there were 164 plant species from 63 families that were utilized by the community in various use categories. The highest ICS value is bargot (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr) which is 110 with utilization as medicine, food, ritual, drinks and building materials. Utilization of Arenga pinnata as a multipurpose plant is quite high in Bulumario, the individual distribution of Arenga pinnata is also evenly distributed with a tree density of 94 ind/ ha. The most widely used part is sap water that comes from male flowers. The people of Bulumario are still using the sugar palm that grows wild and there has been no attempt to cultivate these plants"

"[ABSTRAKPenelitian ?Etnobotani Masyarakat Enis Karo di Kecamatan Merdeka,Sumatera Utara? bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan spesies tumbuhanberguna dan perbedaan pengetahuan lokal tentang pemanfaatan tumbuhanberdasarkan gender dan umur oleh masyarakat etnis Karo di Kecamatan Merdeka.Pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan melalui pendekatan etik dan emik. Pengumpulandata dilakukan melalui wawancara terbuka dan semi terstruktur, observasipartisipatif dan diskusi kelompok fokus (Focus Group Discussion--FGD). Datatentang keanekaragaman pemanfaatan spesies tumbuhan dianalisis dengan metodeLUVI (Local User?s Value Index), ICS (Index of Cultural Significance); dan datatentang perbedaan pengetahuan pemanfaatan tumbuhan brdasar gender dan umurdianalisis dengan metode UVs (Use Values), dan statistik. Terdapat 158 spesiesyang termasuk dalam 61 famili yang dikenal dan dimanfaatkan masyarakat etnisKaro di KecamatanMerdeka. Seratus lima puluh delapan spesies tumbuhantersebut dimanfaatkan untuk obat-obatan, pangan, sumber penghasilan, teknologilokal, kayu bakar, adat/ritual/hiasan, racun/anti racun dan pewarna. Berdasarkananalisis LUVI diperoleh 60 spesies yang dianggap paling penting dan pangansebagai kategori guna terpenting. Oryza sativa mendapat nilai ICS tertinggi yaitu50, yang dimanfaatkan sebagai makanan pokok. Berdasarkan umur darikelompok responden, rata-rata jumlah spesies tumbuhan yang diketahui dandimanfaatkan dan nilai UVs pada responden umur lebih dari 50 tahun lebih tinggidibandingkan dengan umur 30--50 tahun. Sementara itu, berdasarkan gender,rata-rata jumlah spesies tumbuhan yang diketahui dan dimanfaatkan dan nilai UVspada responden laki-laki lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perempuan

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ABSTRACTThe purposes of this study are to identify the plant species perceived byKaronese of Merdeka District and determine whether gender and age havedifferent local knowledge differences of use values of plant species. Theethnobotanical research and collection data were conducted by open and semistructuredinterview, observation, focus group discussion (FGD). Theethnonotanical information according to general categories of plant species usesanalysed by LUVI (Local User?s Value Index), ICS (Index of CulturalSignificance); and the differences in knowledge of plant based on age and genderwas analysed by UVs (Use Values) dan statistic analysis. Karonese of MerdekaDistrict use 158 plant spesies, 60 families for 8 general use categories, which inmedicinal uses, food, economical plants, local technology, firewood, traditionalcelebration/ritual/ornaments, poisonous plants, and dye-colors. There are 60species which considered as the most useful plants based on LUVI analysis. TheICS analysis indicated that Oryza sativa gained the highest value (50), which isused as staple food. Based on the age of respondents, the average number of plantspecies that are known and utilized; and value UVs on respondents aged more 50years old higher than the age of 30--50 years old. Meanwhile, based on gender,men of Karo ethnic society in District Merdeka know more plant species than thewomen.;The purposes of this study are to identify the plant species perceived byKaronese of Merdeka District and determine whether gender and age havedifferent local knowledge differences of use values of plant species. Theethnobotanical research and collection data were conducted by open and semistructuredinterview, observation, focus group discussion (FGD). Theethnonotanical information according to general categories of plant species usesanalysed by LUVI (Local User’s Value Index), ICS (Index of CulturalSignificance); and the differences in knowledge of plant based on age and genderwas analysed by UVs (Use Values) dan statistic analysis. Karonese of MerdekaDistrict use 158 plant spesies, 60 families for 8 general use categories, which inmedicinal uses, food, economical plants, local technology, firewood, traditionalcelebration/ritual/ornaments, poisonous plants, and dye-colors. There are 60species which considered as the most useful plants based on LUVI analysis. TheICS analysis indicated that Oryza sativa gained the highest value (50), which isused as staple food. Based on the age of respondents, the average number of plantspecies that are known and utilized; and value UVs on respondents aged more 50years old higher than the age of 30--50 years old. Meanwhile, based on gender,men of Karo ethnic society in District Merdeka know more plant species than thewomen.;The purposes of this study are to identify the plant species perceived byKaronese of Merdeka District and determine whether gender and age havedifferent local knowledge differences of use values of plant species. Theethnobotanical research and collection data were conducted by open and semistructuredinterview, observation, focus group discussion (FGD). Theethnonotanical information according to general categories of plant species usesanalysed by LUVI (Local User’s Value Index), ICS (Index of CulturalSignificance); and the differences in knowledge of plant based on age and genderwas analysed by UVs (Use Values) dan statistic analysis. Karonese of MerdekaDistrict use 158 plant spesies, 60 families for 8 general use categories, which inmedicinal uses, food, economical plants, local technology, firewood, traditionalcelebration/ritual/ornaments, poisonous plants, and dye-colors. There are 60species which considered as the most useful plants based on LUVI analysis. TheICS analysis indicated that Oryza sativa gained the highest value (50), which isused as staple food. Based on the age of respondents, the average number of plantspecies that are known and utilized; and value UVs on respondents aged more 50years old higher than the age of 30--50 years old. Meanwhile, based on gender,men of Karo ethnic society in District Merdeka know more plant species than thewomen., The purposes of this study are to identify the plant species perceived byKaronese of Merdeka District and determine whether gender and age havedifferent local knowledge differences of use values of plant species. Theethnobotanical research and collection data were conducted by open and semistructuredinterview, observation, focus group discussion (FGD). Theethnonotanical information according to general categories of plant species usesanalysed by LUVI (Local User’s Value Index), ICS (Index of CulturalSignificance); and the differences in knowledge of plant based on age and genderwas analysed by UVs (Use Values) dan statistic analysis. Karonese of MerdekaDistrict use 158 plant spesies, 60 families for 8 general use categories, which inmedicinal uses, food, economical plants, local technology, firewood, traditionalcelebration/ritual/ornaments, poisonous plants, and dye-colors. There are 60species which considered as the most useful plants based on LUVI analysis. TheICS analysis indicated that Oryza sativa gained the highest value (50), which isused as staple food. Based on the age of respondents, the average number of plantspecies that are known and utilized; and value UVs on respondents aged more 50years old higher than the age of 30--50 years old. Meanwhile, based on gender,men of Karo ethnic society in District Merdeka know more plant species than thewomen.]"

"Tradisi penggunaan tumbuhan lokal untuk penyembuhan patah tulang oleh masyarakat Kerajaan Jambu Lipo, konservasi tumbuhan obat yang berkelanjutan salah satunya dapat dilestarian melalui budaya lokal dan pengetahuan tradisional. Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah kajian etnobotani tumbuhan obat untuk patah tulang di wilayah Kerajaan Jambu Lipo belum ada. Tujuan penelitian ini, yaitu untuk menganalisis pengetahuan lokal, sikap, dan perilaku masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan tumbuhan obat, kandungan fitokimia tumbuhan obat, serta menyusun konsep konservasi tumbuhan obat. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode campuran, informan dalam penelitian ini dilakukan melalui wawancara semi terstruktur dan kuisioner yang disebar ke responden di tiap nagari di Kecamatan Lubuk Tarok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 17 jenis tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai obat oleh dukun patah tulang, masyarakat Kerajaan Jambu Lipo memiliki pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku yang saling berkorelasi terkait tumbuhan obat patah tulang, tumbuhan obat memiliki kandungan senyawa yang berperan dalam proses penyembuhan patah tulang, serta konsep konservasi yang disusun melalui pengukuran populasi tumbuhan, penggunaan berkelanjutan, dan pengetahuan tradisional. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yakni melalui budidaya di area pekarangan dan juga perkebunan menjadi bentuk pelestarian dari tumbuhan obat dan juga menjadi sumber ekonomi pengembangan desa.

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The tradition of using local plants for healing fracture by the people of Kerajaan Jambu Lipo, sustainable conservation of medicinal plants can be preserved through local culture and traditional knowledge. The problem in this research is that there is no ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants for fractures in Kerajaan Jambu Lipo. The purpose of this study was to analyze local knowledge, attitudes and behavior of the community in utilizing medicinal plants, the phytochemical content of medicinal plants, and to develop a concept of conserving medicinal plants. This research method used a quantitative approach with mixed methods, the informants in this study were conducted through semi-structured interviews and questionnaires which were distributed to respondents in each village in Lubuk Tarok District. The results showed that 17 types of plants were used as medicine by traditional healers for fracture, the people of Kerajaan Jambu Lipo had knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors that correlated with each other related to medicinal plants for broken bones, medicinal plants contain compounds that play a role in the healing process of broken bones, and the concept conservation structured through measurement of plant populations, sustainable use, and traditional knowledge. The conclusion of this study is that through cultivation in the yard area and also plantations it is a form of preservation of medicinal plants and also a source of economic development for village development."

"Tesis ini menjelaskan tentang penelitian konservasi sebagai salah satu ciri new museum dengan perspektif baru. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap manajemen konservasi Museum Etnobotani Indonesia, dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif. Kegiatan manajemen konservasi museum baru mencakup struktur organisasi, prinsip, program, penelitian, dan teknologi informasi dalam bidang konservasi. Hasil analisis dan pembahasan penelitian, menyimpulkan Museum Etnobotani Indonesia belum memiliki manajemen konservasi yang sesuai dengan konsep museum baru. Kegiatan konservasi masih berorientasi terhadap pelestarian koleksi benda budaya yang merupakan ciri museum tradisional. Untuk menjadi sebuah museum baru dalam bidang manajemen konservasi Museum Etnobotani Indonesia harus memperluas konsep pelestarian yang tidak hanya melestarikan koleksi benda budaya. Akan tetapi, melestarikan koleksi budaya tak benda seperti memori kolektif masyarakat dengan membuka informasi seluas luasnya terhadap publik.

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This thesis describes the study of conservation as one of the characteristics of the new museum with a new perspective. Research conducted on conservation management Ethnobotany Museum Indonesia, using a qualitative approach. The new museum conservation management activities include organizational structure, principles, programs, research, and information technology in the conservation field. The results of the analysis and discussion of research concluded Ethnobotany Museum Indonesia does not have a conservation management in accordance with the concept of the new museum. Conservation activities are still oriented towards the preservation of cultural collections that are characteristic of traditional museums. To become a new museum in the field of conservation management Ethnobotany Museum Indonesia must expand the concept of preservation is not only to preserve a collection of cultural objects. However, preserving a collection of cultural objects such as people's collective memory with the widest breadth of information open to the public."