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"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh non-performing loan terhadap lending behaviour bank-bank konvensional di Indonesia dengan periode kuartal dari tahun 2006-2015. Selain itu, penelitian ini ingin menguji bagaimana keputusan memberikan pinjaman tersebut kaitannya dengan masalah moral hazard. Dengan metode Threshold Regression oleh Hansen (1999), dan menggunakan rasio Non-Performing Loan sebelumnya sebagai threshold variable, peneliti menemukan adanya masalah moral hazard dimana bank justru meningkatkan pinjaman ketika rasio NPL bank sudah diatas 5,29%. Sementara itu, determinan rasio non-performing loan di Indonesia yaitu tingkat pertumbuhan kredit (LGR), tingkat pertumbuhan kredit periode sebelumnya (l.LGR), rasio modal terhadap total aset (ER), ukuran bank (Size) dan tren waktu (dummy year).

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This research aims to analyze the effects of non-performing loan towards lending behaviour in conventional banks in Indonesia in the period of 2006-2015, and it also investigating the relation between lending behaviour and moral hazard. By applying the Threshold Regression method from Hansen (1999) and applying the most recent non-performing loan ratio as the threshold variable, the researcher has found that the moral hazard problem is exist when the NPL ratio exceed 5,29%. The determinants of the non-performing loan ratio in Indonesia are loan growth rate (LGR), last period loan growth rate (1.LGR), equity to total asset ratio (ER), bank size (Size) and dummy year."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh implementasi penjaminan simpanan, rasio kecukupan modal (CAR) dan non performing loan (NPL) terhadap tingkat deposit, risiko moral hazard dan net interest margin (NIM) bank umum di Indonesia periode 2000-2012. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi data panel.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan implementasi penjaminan simpanan, CAR dan NPL mempengaruhi tingkat deposit bank umum secara negatif.Implementasi penjaminan simpanan terbukti signifikan meningkatkan risiko moral hazard sementara variabel CAR dan NPL berpengaruh negatif terhadap risiko moral hazard. Temuan lain menunjukkan NIM dipengaruhi positif oleh implementasi penjaminan simpanan dan CAR, tetapi dipengaruhi negatif oleh NPL.

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ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the effect of the implementation of deposit insurance, capital adequacy ratio (CAR) and non-performing loan (NPL) towards deposit, moral hazard risk and net interest margin (NIM) of commercial banks in Indonesia from 2000 to 2012. This study uses panel data regression method. The results of this study demonstrate the implementation of deposit insurance, CAR and NPL affects commercial bank deposits negatively. Implementation of deposit insurance were proven significantly increases moral hazard risk while the variable CAR and NPL negatively affect moral hazard risk. Other findings showed NIM is affected positively by the implementation of deposit insurance and the CAR, but negatively affected by the NPL."

"Non-Performing Loan (NPL) merupakan indikator penting yang mencerminkan peran kredit bank dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi di dalam suatu negara. Pemerintah dan regulator menginginkan NPL yang rendah dan tingkat pertumbuhan kredit yang tinggi, sebagai sasaran untuk mencapai pertumbuhan ekonomi yang tinggi dan inflasi yang rendah. Sektor keuangan Indonesia yang sedang menghadapi resesi ekonomi tentunya akan berdampak pada kinerja bank, terutama dalam hal pencapaian NPL. Skripsi ini mengkaji NPL perbankan nasional selama 2015 – 2020, serta menyusun model empiris yang dapat digunakan untuk memproyeksikan NPL di masa mendatang. Unit sampling adalah bank yang tergabung dalam kategori bank umum konvensional yang berjumlah sebanyak 104 bank. Data yang digunakan adalah data time series untuk variabel penelitian tahun 2015 – 2020, dan teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi time series dengan model estimasi Ordinary Least Square (OLS). Hasil empiris menunjukkan bahwa variabel makroekonomi suku bunga, tingkat inflasi, nilai tukar, dan US Prime Rate berpengaruh signifikan secara parsial terhadap NPL, sedangkan PDB berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan secara parsial terhadap NPL. Namun demikian, suku bunga, tingkat inflasi, PDB, nilai tukar, dan US Prime Rate berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap NPL secara simultan. Peneliti menemukan bahwa proyeksi NPL untuk tahun 2021: untuk skenario pesimis NPL tetap pada 5,08%, pada skenario optimis NPL akan turun menjadi 3,77%, dan pada skenario moderat NPL juga diprediksi akan turun menjadi 4,43%.

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Non-Performing Loan (NPL) is an important indicator reflecting the role of bank credit in a country's economic growth. The government and regulators want low NPL and high credit growth rates, as intermediate targets to achieve high economic growth and low inflation. The Indonesian financial sector, which is facing an economic recession, will certainly have an impact on banking performance, especially in terms of achieving NPL. This thesis reviews the NPL of national banks during 2015 – 2020, as well as developing an empirical model that can be used to project NPL in the future. The sampling unit is banks that are incorporated into conventional commercial banks, of which the total number is 104 banks. The data used are time series data for the studying variables of years 2015 – 2020 which are observed, and the analysis technique in this study used time series regression analysis with the estimation model is Ordinary Least Square (OLS). The empirical results indicate that the macroeconomic variables exerting significant influence partially to NPL are interest rate, inflation rate, exchange rate, and US Prime Rate, while GDP has a negative and insignificant effect partially both on NPL. However, the effect of interest rate, inflation rate, GDP, and also exchange rate and US Prime Rate simultaneously to NPL is significant and positive. Projecting NPL in 2021 the research found that in the pessimistic scenario, NPL remains 5.08%, in the optimistic scenario, NPL will decrease to 3.77%, and in the moderate scenario, NPL is also predicted that it will decrease to be 4.43%."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penyaluran dana bank kepada konsumen yang dicerminkan oleh karakteristik bank seperti loan growth rate (LGR), ukuran bank (SIZE), equity ratio (ER), capital adequacy ratio (CAR), dan deposit growth rate (DGR) terhadap non-performing loan (NPL) pada bank umum konvensional di Indonesia periode 2009-2014. Pengujian dilakukan dengan model regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa LGR, SIZE, dan CAR memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap NPL, sedangkan ER dan DGR tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan.

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This study aims to analyze of bank lending to consumer through bank?s characteristic, such as loan growth rate (LGR), bank?s size (SIZE), equity ratio (ER), capital adequacy ratio (CAR), and deposit growth rate (DGR) towards non-performing loan (NPL). The test were conducted with regression of panel data. The regression results indicate significance for LGR, SIZE, and CAR. There were no significance was found for ER and DGR."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami pengaruh krisis COVID-19 secara independen dan melalui moderasi ukuran bank terhadap risiko kredit bermasalah (NPL) terhadap institusi perbankan di Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan sampel 40 institusi perbankan yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) selama periode 2017-2022 dalam basis waktu kuartal menggunakan teknik regresi data panel. Hasil temuan menunjukkan bahwa kasus COVID-19 memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap rasio risiko kredit bermasalah (NPLR). Namun, tidak ditemukan pengaruh moderasi ukuran bank terhadap rasio risiko kredit bermasalah. Hasil temuan ini memiliki implikasi memberikan pandangan baru bagi praktisi, regulator, dan akademisi mengenai mitigasi pertumbuhan kredit bermasalah yang tinggi.

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This study aims to understand the effect of the COVID-19 crisis independently and through the moderation of bank size on the risk of non-performing loans (NPL) in banking insitutions in Indonesia. The study uses a sample of 40 banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2017-2022 period on a quarterly time basis using the panel data regression technique. The findings showed that COVID-19 crisis has a significant positive effect on the non-performing loan ratio. However, there was no moderator effect of bank size on the non-performing loan ratio. These results of this findings have implications for providing new perspectives for practitioners, regulators and academics regarding the mitigation of high growth in non-performing loans."

"[ABSTRAKPenelitian ini meneliti pengaruh faktor makroekonomi; yaitu perubahan GDP, perubahan real lending rate (BI rate), dan perubahan sovereign debt to GDP; dan pengaruh faktor spesifik bank, yaitu bad management, skimping, diversification opportunity, too big to fail, bad management II, procyclical credit policy, tight control terhadap perubahan NPL di Indonesia. Observasi dilakukan terhadap 105 bank umum yang diakui oleh BI di Indonesia selama kurun waktu 2003-2011 secara kuartal. Data yang digunakan merupakan data panel yang bersumber dari Datastream, Eikon, dan laporan keuangan perusahaan. Dengan menggunakan model estimasi First Difference Generalized Method of Moment (GMM), didapatkan hasil bahwa perubahan GDP, perubahan sovereign debt to GDP, skimping, diversification opportunity, bad management II, dan tight control (untuk ownership concentration lebih dari 25% hingga 50%) secara signifikan berpengaruh negatif terhadap perubahan NPL. Di sisi lain perubahan real lending rate (BI rate), too big to fail, dan tight control (untuk ownership concentration lebih dari 10% hingga 25% dan lebih dari 50%) secara signifikan berpengaruh positif terhadap perubahan NPL. Sedangkan bad management dan procyclical credit policy tidak secara signifikan berpengaruh terhadap perubahan NPL.

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ABSTRACTThis research examines the effect of macroeconomic factors, such as GDP growth, real lending rate (BI rate) growth, and change in sovereign debt to GDP; and the effect of bank-specific factors, such as bad management, skimping, diversification opportunity, too big to fail, bad management II, procyclical credit policy, tight control to the change of NPL in Indonesia. Observation is done to 105 bank in Indonesia within period of 2003-2011. By using panel data of macroeconomic and bank-specific factors from Datastream, Eikon, and financial report. By using First Difference Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) estimation model, research finds that GDP growth, change in sovereign debt to GDP, skimping, diversification, bad management II, dan tight control (for ownership concentration more than 25% until 50%) has negative effect on the change in NPL. In other side, real lending rate (BI rate) growth, too big to fail, and tight control (for ownership concentration more than 10% until 25% and more than 50%) has positive effect on the change in NPL. It also discovers that bad management and procyclical credit policy has no effect on the change in NPL., This research examines the effect of macroeconomic factors, such as GDP growth, real lending rate (BI rate) growth, and change in sovereign debt to GDP; and the effect of bank-specific factors, such as bad management, skimping, diversification opportunity, too big to fail, bad management II, procyclical credit policy, tight control to the change of NPL in Indonesia. Observation is done to 105 bank in Indonesia within period of 2003-2011. By using panel data of macroeconomic and bank-specific factors from Datastream, Eikon, and financial report. By using First Difference Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) estimation model, research finds that GDP growth, change in sovereign debt toGDP, skimping, diversification, bad management II, dan tight control (for ownership concentration more than 25% until 50%) has negative effect on the change in NPL. In other side, real lending rate (BI rate) growth, too big to fail, and tight control (for ownership concentration more than 10% until 25% and more than 50%) has positive effect on the change in NPL. It also discovers that bad management and procyclical credit policy has no effect on the change in NPL.]"

"Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh rasio keuangan Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Non Performing Loan (NPL), Giro Wajib Minimum (GWM), Efisiensi Operasional (BOPO) dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap kinerja bank yang diukur menggunakan Return On Asset (ROA). Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 96 bank umum di Indonesia selama periode 2006-2013 yang dikelompokan menjadi 4 katagori yaitu: 1. Semua bank dalam penelitian ini, 2. Bank yang sudah go public dan bank yang belum go public, 3. Bank yang sudah pernah melakukan merger dan akuisisi dan bank yang belum pernah melakukan merger dan akuisisi, 4. Bank devisa dan bank yang bukan termasuk bank devisa. Metode penelitian menggunakan pengujian regresi data panel dengan variabel dependen CAR, LDR, NPL, GWM, BOPO dan Ukuran Perusahaan dan variabel independen ROA sebagai proksi kinerja bank. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah ada perbedaan tingkat signifikansi dari pengelompokan bank berdasarkan katagori tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa rasio keuangan BOPO dan Ukuran Perusahaan memiliki perngaruh yang signifikan terhadap ROA. Sedangkan CAR, LDR, NPL dan GWM tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap ROA. Berdasarkan dari pengelompokan yang dilakukan, ternyata tidak ada perbedaan tingkat signifikansi rasio keuangan terhadap kinerja bank. Hasil penelitian ini menyarankan bahwa setiap bank harus menjaga atau meningkatkan kinerjanya walaupun bank tersebut sudah pernah melakukan merger atau akuisisi dan sudah masuk dalam katagori bank yang sudah go public atau bank devisa.

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This research aims to determine the impact of financial ratios Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Non Performing Loan (NPL), Reserve Requirement/Giro Wajib Minimum (GWM), Operational Efficiency (BOPO) and company size on banks performance as measured by ROA. The study was conducted on 96 commercial banks in Indonesia during the period 2006 to 2013 were grouped into 4 categories, namely: 1. All the banks in the study, 2. Banks that have gone public and the banks that have not gone public, 3. Banks that have already been merged and acquisitions and bank who has never made mergers and acquisitions, 4. exchange bank and bank no including foreign.

Research methods using panel data regression testing with the dependent variable CAR, LDR, NPL, GWM, ROA and size of the Company and the independent variables ROA as a proxy for bank performance. The purpose of this study to determine whether there are differences in the level of significance of the grouping categories based bank.

The results of this study concluded that the financial ratios ROA and company size has a significant effect on ROA. While CAR, LDR, NPL and GWM has no effect on ROA. Based on the grouping is done, there was no difference in the level of significance to the performance of the bank's financial ratios. The results of this study suggest that each bank must maintain or improve its performance even though the bank had never done a merger or acquisition and has been included in the category of banks that have gone public or foreign banks."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh non-performing loan dan turnover direksi serta variabel kontrol terhadap kinerja perbankan. Hipotesis dan model pada penelitian ini dibangun dan diujikan pada 43 bank di Indonesia yang terdaftar pada Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2010-2018. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data unbalanced panel data dengan menggunakan metode regresi Fixed-Effect. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa non-performing loan dan turnover direksi secara paksa memiliki pengaruh secara negatif terhadap ROA. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa peningkatan non-performing loan bersamaan dengan turnover direksi secara paksa akan memberikan dampak buruk terhadap kinerja bank. Penemuan ini menyoroti bahwa nilai dan kompetensi kinerja direksi sangat penting serta memberikan bukti pentingnya menjaga keseimbangan antara tujuan keuangan dan non keuangan pada perbankan. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan dan referensi bagi akademisi, perbankan, regulator, dan pihak lain.

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ABSTRACT

This study aims to analyze the influence of non-performing loan and director turnovers with control variables on bank performance.The hypotheses and models in this study were built and tested on 43 banks in Indonesia which are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in period 2010-2018. The type of data used is unbalanced panel data using the Fixed-Effect regression method. The results of this study indicate that non-performing loans and director turnovers by force have a negative influence on ROA. This indicates that the increase in non-performing loans together with the turnover of directors by force will have a negative impact on bank performance. This finding highlight that the directors' value and performance competency is very important and provides evidence of the importance of maintaining a balance between financial and non-financial goals for banks. The results of this study are expected to provide insights and references for academics, banks, regulators, and other parties."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak implementasi kebijakan makroprudensial Countercyclical Capital Buffer dan GWM LDR terhadap pertumbuhan kredit dan non performing loan di tingkat Industri maupun berdasarkan Kelompok BUKU modal inti perbankan Indonesia untuk periode 2006-2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Generalized Methods of Moments GMM untuk menganalisis dampak kebijakan makroprudensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa secara bersama-sama kedua instrumen secara signifikan mampu mengendalikan pertumbuhan kredit perbankan dan menurunkan rasio non performing loan.

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The objective of this research is to determine the effect of macroprudential policy Countercyclical Capital Buffer and Reserve Requirement based on Loan to Deposit Ratio towards credit growth and non performing loan ratio in industrial level and based on BUKU group. This reserach use Generalized Methods of Moments GMM ro analyze macroprudential policy effect. The result shows that both of instrument have significant effect to control excessive credit growth and lower non performing loan ratio."

"This study aims to analyze the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on commercial banking non-performing loans during the study period from January 2018 to December 2022. The regression method used is multiple regression with Non-performing loans, BI7DRR Interest Rate, Gross Domestic Product, Unemployment Rate as a control variable and the dummy variable COVID-19 as the main independent variable and Non-performing loans as the dependent variable are used in the analysis. The results of this study show that the COVID-19 pandemic has a significant influence and a positive relationship with the NPL of Commercial Banks in Indonesia. Secondary data from the Bank of Indonesia and the Indonesian Financial Service Authority, over which a multi-regression analysis was performed. The results of the analysis showed a significant influence from the Gross domestic product and Unemployment that supports the Covid-19 variable in affecting Banking non-performing loans. The Covid-19 epidemic is harming economies around the world in all conceivable ways, including financial markets and institutions. The pandemic creates complex challenges for banks in particular, mostly through increases in default rates. This may be worse in developing countries with poor financial markets.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pandemi COVID-19 terhadap kredit bermasalah perbankan umum selama periode penelitian Januari 2018 hingga December 2022. Metode regresi yang digunakan adalah regresi berganda dengan data sekunder dari Bank Indonesia dan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan dilakukan analisis multi-regresi. Kredit bermasalah, Suku Bunga BI7DRR, Produk Domestik Bruto, Tingkat Pengangguran sebagai variable kontrol dan variabel dummy COVID-19 sebagai Independen variable utama dan Non performing loan sebagai variable dependent digunakan dalam analisis.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pandemi COVID-19 berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap NPL bank umum di Indonesia. Dalam hasil regresi akhir menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan Produk Domestik Bruto dan Pengangguran yang mendukung variabel COVID dalam mempengaruhi kredit bermasalah perbankan. Epidemi COVID-19 merugikan ekonomi di seluruh dunia dengan segala cara yang dapat dibayangkan, termasuk pasar dan institusi keuangan. Pandemi menciptakan tantangan yang kompleks bagi bank khususnya, sebagian besar melalui kenaikan tingkat gagal bayar. Mungkin lebih buruk di negara berkembang dengan pasar keuangan yang buruk"