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"Seiring perkembangan waktu, dibutuhkan motor yang memiliki sifat yang diinginkan, seperti memiliki kecepatan yang tinggi, efisiensi yang tinggi, dan biaya perawatan motor yang rendah. Hal-hal tersebut dapat diwujudkan dengan cara merancang motor yang diinginkan. Dalam merancang motor, perbedaan bahan material dan bentuk dimensi motor sangat berpengaruh dalam keluaran yang dihasilkan oleh motor. Pada skripsi ini, dibandingkan hasil keluaran motor pada setiap variasi motor yang memiliki bahan magnet permanen dan panjang motor yang berbeda. Bahan permanen magnet yang digunakan adalah Ceramic 10, Samarium Cobalt: 18/30, dan Neodymium Iron Boron: 28/23. Sedangkan variasi panjang motor adalah 50 mm, 60 mm, 70mm, dan 80 mm. Untuk mencapai nilai torsi 5,5 Nm, motor dengan magnet permanen Neodymium Iron Boron: 28/23 adalah yang terbaik karena hanya memerlukan panjang sebesar 50 mm. Pada motor dengan panjang 80 mm, motor terbaik adalah motor dengan magnet permanen berbahan Neodymium Iron Boron: 28/23 karena memiliki nilai torsi maksimal terbesar, yakni 8,89 Nm.

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Over the years, it takes a motor that has the characteristic of being desired, such as high speed, high efficiency, and low maintenance cost. These things can be realized by designing motors. In motor design, the difference in materials and motor dimension is very influential in the output of motor.

This paper compared the output of motor at each variation of the motor which has different permanent magnet material and different stack length. Permanent magnet material that used are Ceramic 10, Samarium Cobalt: 18/30, and Neodymium Iron Boron: 28/23. While the variaton of the stack length are 50 mm, 60 mm, 70 mm, and 80 mm.

To achieve torque 5,5 Nm, motor with permanent magnet made of Neodymium Iron Boron: 28/23 is the best because just needed motor with stack length 50 mm. On motor with stack length 80 mm, motor with permanen magnet made of Neodymium Iron Boron: 28/23 also is the best because it has biggest torque, the value is 8,89 Nm."

"Motor DC tanpa sikat telah menjadi salah satu jenis motor listrik yang banyak digunakan dalam berbagai aplikasi, menggantikan motor DC dan motor AC asinkron. Penelitian banyak dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kinerja dari motor BLDC. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk perancangan desain variasi panjang dan tinggi magnet permanen pada motor arus searah tanpa sikat 12 alur 10 kutub. Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan simulasi motor tanpa beban dan dengan beban terhadap variasi panjang dan tinggi magnet permanen. Dari penelitian ini, dapat dilihat bahwa variasi panjang magnet dan tinggi magnet mempengaruhi tegangan induksi yang dihasilkan, dimana semakin panjang dan tinggi magnet semakin besar tegangan induksi, torsi, dan efisiensi. Desain dengan panjang 12 mm dan tinggi 3 mm memiliki tegangan induksi terbesar yaitu 41.79 Volt dan efisiensi 96.324% serta memiliki rata-rata torsi sebesar 5,52 Nm.

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Brushless DC motor has become one kind of electric motor which are widely used in various applications, replacing DC motors and asynchronous AC motors. Research done much to improve the performance of the BLDC motor. This study aims at designing the variation in the length and height of the permanent magnet brushless direct current motor 12 slot 10 poles. Research carried out by simulating the motor no-load and load variation in the length and height of the permanent magnet. From this research, it can be seen that the variation in the length of magnets and magnet high influence induced voltage is generated, where the length and height of the larger magnet induced voltage, torque, and efficiency. Design with a length of 12 mm and a height of 3 mm has the largest induced voltage is 41.79 volts and efficiency of 96.31% and has an average highest torque amounting to 5.43 Nm."

"Penggunaan motor BLDC semakin marak digunakan karena memiliki efisiensi dan kecepatan yang tinggi serta volume yang kecil dan bobot yang ringan sehingga banyak digunakan di bidang industri, mobil listrik, dan peralatan elektronik. Penelitian ini dibuat untuk meneliti pengaruh ketebalan magnet dan jarak offset permanen magnet terhadap parameter motor seperti konstanta BEMF, torsi, dan riak torsi. Untuk melihat parameter tersebut digunakan software berbasis FEA (Finite Element Analysis). Hasil yang didapat adalah nilai torsi sebanding dengan ketebalan magnet dengan torsi terbesar diperoleh saat tebal magnet 3,50 mm pada penelitian ini yaitu sebesar 5,7275 Nm dan riak torsi mengurang seiring dengan bertambahnya jarak offset permanen magnet dengan riak torsi terkecil diperoleh saat jarak offset 20 mm dengan riak torsi sebesar 0,7845%.

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The use of BLDC motors increasingly widespread because it has a high efficiency and speed as well as a small volume and light weight so widely used in industry, electric cars, and electronic equipment. This study was made to examine the influence of the thickness of the permanent on and the offset distance of the permanent magnet on motor parameters such as BEMF constants , torque, and torque ripple. To view the parameters used software based on FEA (Finite Element Analysis). The results showed that the value of the torque is proportional to the thickness of the permanent magnet with the highest torque obtained when magnet thickness is 3,50 mm by 5,7275 Nm and torque ripple reduced in line with increasing the distance of offset permanent magnet with the lowest torque ripple obtained when the distance of offset permanent magnet is 20 mm by 0,7845%."

"Motor BLDC merupakan salah satu jenis motor listrik yang penggunaannya sudah luas di berbagai aplikasi karena keunggulannya. Namun, motor BLDC memiliki kekurangan yaitu adanya getaran dan noise pada motor akibat torsi cogging sehingga harus dihilangkan. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan reduksi torsi cogging pada motor BLDC 12 alur 8 kutub dengan menggunakan metode segmentasi kutub magnet permanen. Parameter dari metode yang diteliti ini adalah lebar magnet permanen dan jarak antar segmen magnet dari setiap kutubnya. Diperoleh hasil bahwa metode segmentasi kutub magnet permanen dapat mereduksi torsi cogging secara signifikan bila posisi segmen magnet terhadap stator tepat. Desain modifikasi dengan torsi cogging terkecil diperoleh dari kutub yang disegmentasi dengan lebar sudut magnet permanen 33,6o dan jarak antar segmen sebesar 5,25o, menghasilkan torsi cogging sebesar 0,023 Nm dengan besar reduksi sebesar 90,83 dari nilai torsi cogging awal motor yaitu sebesar 0,251 Nm.

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BLDC motor is one type of electric motor which becoming widely used in many applications because of its predominance characteristics. However, BLDC motors have drawbacks which is vibration issues and noise caused by the cogging torque, so it should be minimized. Therefore, cogging torque on motor BLDC 12 slot 8 pole had been reduced by using permanent magnet segmentation method. Parameters that had been studied are permanent magnet width and distance between magnet segment on each rotor pole.

The result is minimum cogging torque can be obtained when the position of magnet segment relative to stator is appropriate. Modified design with minimum cogging torque is achieved from pole that had been segmented with permanent magnet width 33,6o and distance between magnet segment is 5,25o, which produces cogging torque of 0,023 Nm with a reduction of 90,83 from its original design which produces cogging torque of 0,251 Nm."

"Motor Arus Searah Tanpa Sikat MASTS Magnet Permanen disebut juga dengan motor BLDC Brushless Direct Current Motor adalah salah satu jenis motor listrik yang mulai banyak dipergunakan pada industri. Salah satu parameter yang menentukan pengoperasian MASTS adalah torsi cogging, dalam hal ini MASTS dalam kondisi beban penuh. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengurangi nilai torsi cogging dalam studi ialah melakukan pergeseran kutub magnet pada rotor. Berdasarkan, simulasi yang dilakukan berbasis computer dengan menggunakan bantuan perangkat lunak yaitu MagNet yang berbasis FEA Finite Element Analysis, didapatkan sudut pergeseran optimum sebesar 5o. Secara grafis, terlihat bahwa torsi dengan pergeseran ini menghasilkan gelombang yang lebih halus dengan ripple yang lebih sedikit.

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BLDC Brushless Direct Current Motor or in Bahasa called Motor Arus Searah Tanpa Sikat MASTS Magnet Permanen is one of electric motors that are used nowadays especially in industrial district operational because of its many superirority. One of its parameters that affects BLDC motors operation is cogging torque, which in this case will be focused on full load condition. On this thesis there will be simulated one of several ways to reducing cogging torque, that is magnetic pole shifting on motor's rotor. By computer based simulation with FEA Finite Element Analysis basic software called MagNet, minimum cogging torque and optimum output torque achieved by the shifting of magnet with 5o. In which, by graphic analysis were shown that the torques have smoother wave with less ripples detected."

"Motor arus searah tanpa sikat (BLDC) magnet permanen saat ini banyak digunakan pada dunia industri karena performanya lebih baik daripada motor induksi. Banyak dilakukan penelitian untuk meningkatkan kinerja dari motor BLDC. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari rancangan motor yang paling optimal. Kejenuhan (kerapatan fluks) dapat terjadi pada bagian-bagian motor, terutama pada gigi inti stator yang merupakan jalur aliran fluks. Peningkatan panas menyebabkan kerusakan pada motor BLDC. Aliran fluks mengalir melalui celah udara diantara rotor dan stator. Lebar celah udara dapat mempengaruhi besar kejenuhan. Dengan memvariasikan lebar celah udara, maka akan diperoleh rancangan motor BLDC yang optimal. Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan simulasi motor tanpa beban dan dengan beban. Simulasi menggunakan finite element analysis (FEA) untuk menganalisis aliran fluks dan persebaran fluks. Nilai torsi dan efisiensi setiap desain dibandingkan untuk mengetahui desain motor BLDC yang memiliki performa terbaik. Pada penelitian ini, desain 1 dengan lebar celah udara 0,2 mm memiliki rata-rata torsi tertinggi sebesar 6,26 Nm dan efisiensi tertinggi sebesar 91,46% dibanding desain lainnya.

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Permanent magnet BLDC motors currently used in the industrial world because the performance is better than induction motors. Many research to improve the performance of the BLDC motor. Saturation (flux density) can occur in motor parts, especially on the core of tooth stator which is a flux flow path. Increased heat causes damage to the BLDC motor. The flow of flux flow through the air gap between the rotor and stator. The width of the large air gap can affect saturation. By varying the width of the air gap, it will obtain the optimal design of the BLDC motor. This research is done by running no-load analysis and load analysis. Simulation using finite element analysis (FEA) to analyze the flow of flux and spread of flux. The torque value and efficiency of any design comparison to determine the BLDC motor design that has the best performance. In this study, design 1 with a width of 0.2 mm air gap has an average highest torque amounting to 6.26 Nm and the highest efficiency amounting to 91.46% compared to other designs."

"Kinerja dari motor BLDC yang semakin baik dibutuhkan untuk aplikasi dalam dunia industri. Jadi, studi penelitian diperlukan agar dapat meningkatkan kualitas performa motor BLDC. Oleh karena itu, dirancang suatu desain motor BLDC menggunakan metode simulasi dengan perangkat lunak berbasis finite element analysis. Perubahan yang dilakukan adalah variasi lebar dan offset dari sudut kutub pada magnet permanen. Tegangan induksi, torsi, dan efisiensi terbesar terjadi pada lebar sudut kutub 34,5 derajat yang memiliki besar 30,76 volt, 6,08 Nm, dan 92,98 %. Sedangkan, riak torsi paling kecil adalah 2,52 % pada lebar sudut kutub 32,7 derajat. Jarak offset sudut kutub 42,75 milimeter dengan lebar sudut kutub 34,5 derajat memiliki tegangan induksi, torsi, dan efisiensi terbesar, yaitu 31,54 volt, 6,2 Nm, dan 93,11 %.

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Performance of the BLDC motor is either increasingly needed for applications in the industrial world. Thus, the research study is needed in order to improve the quality of performance of the BLDC motor. Therefore, designed a BLDC motor design using simulation method with finite element analysis software. Width and offset from the arc poles on the permanent magnet is a variation performed on the motor design. Induced voltage, torque, and efficiency was greatest at 34.5 degrees angle pole, which is 30.76 volts, 6.08 Nm, and 92.98%. Meanwhile, most small torque ripple is 2.52% on polar angle of 32.7 degrees wide. Distance 42.75 millimeters of Offset arc pole with 34.5 degrees angle pole has induced voltage, torque, and the greatest efficiency, which is 31.54 volts, 6.2 Nm, and 93.11%."

"[ABSTRAKMotor BLDC menjadi motor yang sangat banyak digunakan sekarang karena kelebihannya dibandingkan dengan motor lainnya dalam hal efisiensi, kecepatan dan torsi yang lebih baik, serta umur yang cenderung lebih panjang. Banyak dilakukan penelitian untuk meningkatkan kinerja dari motor BLDC. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari rancangan motor yang paling optimal, dengan membuat rancangan yang divariasikan pada bagian stator. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan simulasi motor tanpa beban dan dengan beban.Pada penelitian ini dibuat empat variasi bukaan alur yang dilakukan pada simulasi tanpa beban dan berbeban. Variasi yang dilakukan adalah membuat lengkungan pada alur dan memvariasikan ukuran bukaan alur pada stator. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan nilai-nilai flux linkage, Back EMF kemudian diolah untuk mendapat Ke pada keadaan tanpa beban dan torsi ripple pada keadaan berbeban untuk dibandingkan agar dapat mengetahui rancangan mana yang memiliki performa terbaik. Pada penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa dengan rancangan ukuran yang tepat pada bagian bukaan alur di stator dapat mengurangi daerah saturasi, sehingga pada daerah yang terdapat saturasi dapat diminimalisir panas pada bagian daerah stator motor tersebut dan dapat memperkecil nilai torsi ripple hingga persentase sebesar 6.78% dengan rata-rata torsi ripple sebesar 0.583596818 Nm.ABSTRACTBLDC motors which becoming very widely used now because of its advantages compared to other motor in terms of efficiency, speed and better torque and life tend to be longer. Many research to improve the performance of the BLDC motor. This study aims to find the most optimal motor design, to create designs that varied in the stator. This research was conducted by simulating the motor no load and load.In this study is made of four variations of slot opening performed on the no load and load simulation. Variations to do is make the fillets in the slot opening and varying the size of the slot opening in the stator. In this study obtained values of flux linkage, Back EMF and then processed to obtain Ke in the load simulationand torque ripple at the load simulation of each design are compared to determine which designs that have the best performance.This research found that the design of the right size in the slot opening in the stator can reduce the saturation region, so that in the area there is saturation can be minimized heat in the area of the motor stator and can minimize torque ripple value up to a percentage of 6.78% with an average of 0.583596818 Nm of torque ripple.;BLDC motors which becoming very widely used now because of its advantages compared to other motor in terms of efficiency, speed and better torque and life tend to be longer. Many research to improve the performance of the BLDC motor. This study aims to find the most optimal motor design, to create designs that varied in the stator. This research was conducted by simulating the motor no load and load.In this study is made of four variations of slot opening performed on the no load and load simulation. Variations to do is make the fillets in the slot opening and varying the size of the slot opening in the stator. In this study obtained values of flux linkage, Back EMF and then processed to obtain Ke in the load simulationand torque ripple at the load simulation of each design are compared to determine which designs that have the best performance.This research found that the design of the right size in the slot opening in the stator can reduce the saturation region, so that in the area there is saturation can be minimized heat in the area of the motor stator and can minimize torque ripple value up to a percentage of 6.78% with an average of 0.583596818 Nm of torque ripple.;BLDC motors which becoming very widely used now because of its advantages compared to other motor in terms of efficiency, speed and better torque and life tend to be longer. Many research to improve the performance of the BLDC motor. This study aims to find the most optimal motor design, to create designs that varied in the stator. This research was conducted by simulating the motor no load and load.In this study is made of four variations of slot opening performed on the no load and load simulation. Variations to do is make the fillets in the slot opening and varying the size of the slot opening in the stator. In this study obtained values of flux linkage, Back EMF and then processed to obtain Ke in the load simulationand torque ripple at the load simulation of each design are compared to determine which designs that have the best performance.This research found that the design of the right size in the slot opening in the stator can reduce the saturation region, so that in the area there is saturation can be minimized heat in the area of the motor stator and can minimize torque ripple value up to a percentage of 6.78% with an average of 0.583596818 Nm of torque ripple., BLDC motors which becoming very widely used now because of its advantages compared to other motor in terms of efficiency, speed and better torque and life tend to be longer. Many research to improve the performance of the BLDC motor. This study aims to find the most optimal motor design, to create designs that varied in the stator. This research was conducted by simulating the motor no load and load.In this study is made of four variations of slot opening performed on the no load and load simulation. Variations to do is make the fillets in the slot opening and varying the size of the slot opening in the stator. In this study obtained values of flux linkage, Back EMF and then processed to obtain Ke in the load simulationand torque ripple at the load simulation of each design are compared to determine which designs that have the best performance.This research found that the design of the right size in the slot opening in the stator can reduce the saturation region, so that in the area there is saturation can be minimized heat in the area of the motor stator and can minimize torque ripple value up to a percentage of 6.78% with an average of 0.583596818 Nm of torque ripple.]"

"Kinerja dari motor bldc yang semakin baik dibutuhkan untuk aplikasi dalam dunia industri. Jadi, studi penelitian diperlukan agar dapat meningkatkan kualitas performa motor bldc. Oleh karena itu, dirancang suatu desain motor bldc menggunakan metode simulasi dengan perangkat lunak berbasis finite element analysis. Perubahan yang dilakukan adalah variasi lebar dari sudut kutub pada magnet permanen. Analisis dari setiap desain menyangkut dari analisa fluks, torsi, back EMF, dan Efesiensi dari motor. Hasil dari pelebaran lebar sudut kutub magnet permanent akan menaikan torsi dan efisiensi dari motor itu sendiri namun riak torsi yang terjadi akan semakin tinggi yang akan menggangu kinerja dari motor itu sendiri. Tegangan induksi, torsi, dan efisiensi terbesar terjadi pada lebar sudut kutub 45 derajat yang memiliki besar 33,595 volt, 6,75 Nm, dan 85,7. Sedangkan, riak torsi paling kecil adalah 2,89 pada lebar sudut kutub 36 derajat.

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Performance of the BLDC motor is either increasingly needed for applications in the industrial world. Thus, the research study is needed in order to improve the quality of performance of the BLDC motor. Therefore, designed a BLDC motor design using simulation method with finite element analysis software. Width from the arc poles on the permanent magnet is a variation performed on the motor design. Fluks, Induced voltage, torque, and efficiency from each variation became parameter for analitical component.

The result of widening the width of the permanent magnetic pole angle will increase the torque and efficient of the motor itself but the higher the torque ripple will occur and cause a negative effect on the motor performance. Induced voltage, torque, and efficiency was greatest at 45 degrees angle pole, which is 33,595 volts, 6,75 Nm, and 85.7. Meanwhile, most small torque ripple is 2,89 on polar angle of 36 degrees wide."

"[ABSTRAKSejak teknologi magnet permanen ini mulai banyak dikembangkan, motor BLDC telah digunakan untuk berbagai aplikasi . Motor BLDC dengan kapasitas daya yang besar banyak digunakan untuk penggerak utama mobil listrik, sepeda listrik, mesin penggerak pada industri-industri. Bentuk atau geometri serta dimensi dari bagian-bagian motor adalah salah satu topik yang umum dibahas dan diteliti dalam riset pengembangan perancangan motor BLDC. Motor BLDC menggunakan magnet permanen pada rotornya sebagai sumber medan magnet. Aliran fluks mempengaruhi torque ripple. Salah satu yang paling mempengaruhi aliran fluks magnet pada motor BLDC adalah bentuk dari stator. Stator sendiri dapat divariasikan bentuknya yang dapat mengatur aliran fluks dari magnet. Pada penelitian ini divariasikan perancangan bentuk stator untuk perancangan rotor yang sama. Variasi yang dilakukan adalah variasi ukuran lebar gigi dan yoke. Pada penelitian ini ditemukan bentuk ukuran yang optimal dari enam variasi yang digunakan adalah bentuk perancangan payung lengkungan stator yang memiliki lebar gigi 10 mm, ukuran lebar yoke 125 mm dan ukuran lebar alur bukaan sebesar 2.4 mm. Pada penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa dengan perancangan ukuran yang tepat dan dengan memberikan lengkungan pada bagian kaki stator dapat mengurangi daerah saturasi, sehingga pada daerah yang terdapat saturasi dapat diminimalisir panas pada bagian daerah stator motor tersebut dan dapat memperkecil nilai torsi ripple hingga persentase sebesar 2.31% dengan rata-rata torsi ripple sebesar 0.579770359 Nm.ABSTRACTSince the permanent magnet technology is starting much developed, BLDC motors have been used for various applications. BLDC motors with high power capacity widely used for main propulsion electric vehicles, electric bike, the engine of the industries. Shape or geometry and dimensions from parts of motors is one of the general topics discussed and studied in the research design development BLDC motor. BLDC motors use permanent magnets in the rotor as the source of the magnetic field. Flux flow affects the torque ripple. One of the most affecting the flow of magnetic flux in BLDC motors is the shape of the stator. Stator can be varied forms which can regulate the flow from magnetic flux. In this research designs varied forms of stator for the same rotor design. A variation performed are wide variations tooth thickness and yoke. This research found optimal size form of the six variations used is a forms of umbrella design opening stator which has a tooth width of 10 mm, 125 mm widths yoke and the size of the slot opening width of 2.4 mm. In this research it was found that the design of the right size and by providing fillet on the legs stator can reduce the saturation region, so that the area contained saturation can be minimized heat in the area of the motor stator and can reduce torque ripple to a percentage value of 2.31% with an average of 0.579770359 Nm of torque ripple., Since the permanent magnet technology is starting much developed, BLDC motors have been used for various applications. BLDC motors with high power capacity widely used for main propulsion electric vehicles, electric bike, the engine of the industries. Shape or geometry and dimensions from parts of motors is one of the general topics discussed and studied in the research design development BLDC motor. BLDC motors use permanent magnets in the rotor as the source of the magnetic field. Flux flow affects the torque ripple. One of the most affecting the flow of magnetic flux in BLDC motors is the shape of the stator. Stator can be varied forms which can regulate the flow from magnetic flux. In this research designs varied forms of stator for the same rotor design. A variation performed are wide variations tooth thickness and yoke. This research found optimal size form of the six variations used is a forms of umbrella design opening stator which has a tooth width of 10 mm, 125 mm widths yoke and the size of the slot opening width of 2.4 mm. In this research it was found that the design of the right size and by providing fillet on the legs stator can reduce the saturation region, so that the area contained saturation can be minimized heat in the area of the motor stator and can reduce torque ripple to a percentage value of 2.31% with an average of 0.579770359 Nm of torque ripple.]"