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"Putative ethnic group differences in various forms of psychopathology may have important theoretical, clinical, and policy implications. Recently, it has been argued that individuals of African descent are more likely to be psychopathic than those of European descent (R. Lynn, 2002). Preliminary evidence from the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (A. Forth, D. Kosson, & R. Hare, 2003) offers some support for this contention, with Black youths rated as moderately higher (Cohen's d = .61) than White youths in a large institutional sample (n = 945). To examine this issue more exhaustively, the authors meta-analyzed adolescent psychopathy data from several studies (combined N = 2,199) and obtained a much smaller mean difference (dw = .20, p = .03), although considerable heterogeneity was evident among the effect sizes."

"This meta-analysis examined whether writing about stressful experiences affects health care utilization (HCU) compared with writing on neutral topics or no-writing control groups. Randomized controlled trials of 30 independent samples representing 2,294 participants were located that contained sufficient information to calculate effect sizes. After omitting one study as an outlier, the effects were combined within 3 homogeneous groups: healthy samples (13 studies), samples with preexisting medical conditions (6 studies), and samples prescreened for psychological criteria (10 studies). Combined effect sizes, Hedges's g (95% confidence interval), with random effects estimation were 0.16 (0.02, 0.31), 0.21 (-0.02, 0.43), and 0.06 (-0.12, 0.24), respectively. Writing about stressful experiences reduces HCU in healthy samples but not in samples defined by medical diagnoses or exposure to stress or other psychological factors. The significance of these effects for individuals' health is unknown"

"Kecemasan merupakan pengalaman manusia yang universal akibat ketidakpastian dan ketidakberdayaan perasaan yang bersumber dari pikiran yang tidak jelas dan tidak teridentifikasi. Kecemasan dimanifestasikan dengan respon fisiologis, afektif, perilaku, dan kognitif. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui tingkat kecemasan keluarga pasien di ruang ICU. Desain penelitian menggunakan deskriptif dengan jumlah sampel penelitian 36 responden. Hasil penelitian tingkat kecemasan keluarga pasien di ruang ICU RSUD Cibinong termasuk sedang (77,8%). Respon keluarga dalam menghadapi anggota keluarganya di ruang ICU masih dalam rentang adaptif. Perawat perlu menggunakan komunikasi terapeutik untuk menurunkan tingkat kecemasan keluarga pasien di ICU.

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Anxiety is a universal experience due to the feeling of uncertainty and helplessness that comes from thoughts that cannot identified clearly. Anxiety is manifested by physiological, cognitive, affective, and behavioral responses. This study aimed to determine the level of anxiety in the family who's their family member was cared in the ICU. Research design was simple descriptive and total sample was 36 respondents.

The results showed that the level of anxiety in the family of patient's cared in Intensive Care Unit, District Hospital of Cibinong was moderate (77.8%). The family also responded in the range of adaptive behavior during the care of their family member in the ICU. Nurses need to use therapeutic communication to decrease the anxiety level of family of patients cared in the ICU."

"This study examined rates of improvement in psychotherapy as a function of the number of sessions attended. The clients (N=1,868; 73.1% female; 92.4% White; average age=40), who were seen for a variety of problems in routine primary care mental health practices, attended 1 to 12 sessions, had planned endings, and completed the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure (CORE-OM) at the beginning and end of their treatment. The percentage of clients achieving reliable and clinically significant improvement (RCSI) on the CORE-OM did not increase with number of sessions attended. Among clients who began treatment above the CORE-OM clinical cutoff (n=1,472), the RCSI rate ranged from 88% for clients who attended 1 session down to 62% for clients who attended 12 sessions (r=-.91). Previously reported negatively accelerating aggregate curves may reflect progressive ending of treatment by clients who had achieved a good enough level of improvement."

"The authors used structural equation modeling to investigate universal change processes identified in the generic model of psychotherapy (GMP). Three path models of increasing complexity were examined in Study 1 in dynamic therapy. The best fitting model from Study 1 was replicated in Study 2 for participants receiving either cognitive or interpersonal therapy. Findings provided support for the universality of the GMP constructs in different types of therapy. Positive influences for therapeutic bond, openness, and realizations were observed, as was a surprising negative impact for one aspect of bond. Discussion highlights a complex conception of the therapy relationship that underscores the importance of investigating the multiple functions that the therapy relationship might serve in different psychotherapies."

"Tingginya tingkat stres saat praktik klinik menjadi faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku makan kurang baik dan dapat berdampak buruk bagi kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara tingkat stres dengan perilaku makan mahasiswa FIK UI saat menjalani praktik klinik di Rumah Sakit. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan 171 sampel diambil secara stratified random sampling pada dua tingkatan mahasiswa praktik klinik. Pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan instrumen kuesioner Perceived Stress Scale modifikasi dari Sheu,et.al 1997 dan Sakata rsquo;s Eating Behaviour. Analisis penelitian ini menggunakan uji t-test independen dan chi-square. Didapatkan hasil yang menunjukan adanya hubungan bermakna antara tingkat stres praktik klinik dengan perilaku makan. Didapatkan pula perbedaan yang bermakna antara stres pada mahasiswa program profesi Ners dengan S1 Reguler. Oleh karena itu diharapkan mahasiswa dapat mengatur manajemen stres agar tidak berdampak buruk pada perilaku makan.

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Stress during clinical practice is one factor cause bad eating behaviour. It will bring bad effect for health and influence quality of life. This research aim to identify relation between level stress and eating behaviour of nursing student during clinical practice. The design of this research is cross sectional wich conducted toward 171 sample and using stratified random sampling methods for two level of nursing student. The data collection research using instrument in the form of questionnaire that is Perceived Stress Scale modified by Sheu, et.al 1997 and Sakata's Eating Behaviour. The analyzed of this research use chi square and anova. The result showed that there was differentiation stress between student in academic's level and profesional Ners's level p 0,001 dan 0,05 , also there was relationship between level of stress and eating behaviour during clinical practice p 0,001 dan 0,05. So, student necessary to manage their stress and avoid from bad impact in eating behavior. "