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"The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of resin composite materials to dentin by using different bonding agents. Forty human premolars were selected for the study, and cylindrical posts of either Spectrum TPH and Charisma were bonded vertically to a standard flat dentinal area, prepared on the buccal survace. A chisel-shaped shearing blade, attached to the crosshead of a universal mechanical testing machine. The shear bond strengths to dentin of 10 resin composite-dentin adhesive combinations were measured. The results showed that the bond strength values of dentin bonding agents were not significant (p>0.05). It seems important for clinicians to use the combination of resin composite and dentin bonding agent recommended by the manufacturer."

"Composite resin are restorative materials having color similar to teeth and have been widely used in dentistry. The successful application of composite resin influences the duration of the restoration in the oral cavity. The aim of this research is to describe the influence of artificial saliva contamination and the application of re-conditioning on tensile bond strength of composite resin to dentin. In the control group, the dentin were etched, bonding were applied and composite resin were restored on the dentin. In the group with artificial saliva contamination without re-conditioning, the dentin were etched, bonding were applied and then contaminated with artificial saliva, dried and then restired with composite resin. While the group with artificial saliva contamination with re-conditioning, the dentin were etched, bonding were applied and contaminated with artificial saliva, and then etched and applied bonding agent and restored composite resin.Bond strength test used “Universal testing machine, AG 5000. The results showed that highest value of tensile bond strength of composite resin to dentin was at the control group. It can be concluded that artificial saliva contamination decreased tensile bond strength while re-conditioning application increased it."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perendaman minuman isotonik terhadap kekerasan permukaan resin komposit bulk-fill. Enam puluh spesimen Tetric N-Ceram Bulk-Fill berdiameter 6 mm dan tinggi 3 mm dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok perendaman yaitu dengan akuades (kontrol) dan minuman isotonik. Setiap kelompok direndam dengan lama perendaman 1 hari, 3 hari dan 7 hari. Kekerasan permukaan diuji menggunakan HMV-G Series Micro Vickers Hardness Tester.Hasil menunjukan terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) antara perendaman akuades dan minuman isotonik uji Independent T-Test. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) antara semua kelompok perendaman minuman isotonik dengan lama perendaman 1 hari, 3 hari dan 7 hari dengan uji statistik One-Way Anova dan PostHoc Tukey HSD. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa minuman isotonik mempengaruhi kekerasan permukaan resin komposit bulk-fill.

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This study aims to determine the influence of isotonic drink immersion on surface hardness of bulk-fill composite. Sixty specimens of Tetric N-Ceram Bulk-Fill, 6 mm in diameter and 3 mm height were divided into two groups of storage media; deionized water (control) and isotonic drink. Each group was for 1 day, 3 days and 7 days. The surface hardness is measured using a HMV-G Series Micro Vickers Hardness Tester.

The results showed that there were significant differences (p <0.05) between immersion of control and isotonic drink with Independet T-Test. The results showed that there were significant differences (p <0.05) between all isotonic drink immersion groups with immersion duration of 1 day, 3 days and 7 days with One-Way Anova Test and Post Hoc Tukey HSD. It can be concluded that isotonic drinks affect the surface hardness of bulk-fill composite."

"Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan sumber sinar berbeda terhadap kekuatan tarik diametral resin komposit bulk-fill. Resin komposit bulk-fill Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill dibuat sebanyak 20 spesimen berbentuk lempeng dengan diameter 6 mm dan tebal 3 mm. Spesimen dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok yang disinari dengan sumber sinar QTH dan sumber sinar LED. Uji kekuatan tarik diametral dilakukan dengan menggunakan Universal Testing Machine. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rerata kekuatan tarik diametral resin komposit bulk-fill yang disinari sumber sinar QTH dan LED sebesar 38.62 2.34 dan 42.02 3.21. Hasil uji independent sample T menunjukkan nilai rerata pada kedua kelompok berbeda bermakna.

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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of using different light sources on the diametral tensile strength of bulk fill resin composite. Bulk fill resin composite Tetric N Ceram Bulk Fill was used to make of 20 disc shape specimens with 6 mm in diameter and 3 mm in thickness. Specimens were divided into two groups, the two groups were polymerized with using QTH and LED light source curing unit. Diametral tensile strength test was conducted by using a Universal Testing Machine Shimadzu, Japan. The results showed that diametral tensile strength mean value of bulk fill resin composite that were cured with QTH and LED light source were 38.62 2.34 and 42.02 3.21 MPa respectively. Independent sample t test results showed that the mean value of the two groups was significantly different."

"Aplikasi asam askorbat 10% meningkatkan shear bond strength resin pada dentin pasca pemutihan gigi. Gigi pasca pemutihan gigi interna merupakan kontra indikasi untuk segera dilakukan restorasi, karena adanya radikal bebas yang masih tertinggal di dalam dentin selama 2-3 minggu dan dapat menggangu adaptasi bahan restorasi resin komposit. Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh aplikasi asam askorbat 10% terhadap shear bond strength resin komposit pada dentin pasca pemutihan gigi interna dengan gel H2O2 35%. Metode: Dua puluh tujuh sampel gigi dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok. Grup 1: Dentin dietsa dengan asam fosfat 35%; Grup 2: Dentin dilakukan pemutihan gigi interna dengan gel H2O2 35%, dietsa dengan asam fosfat 35%; Grup 3: Dentin dilakukan pemutihan gigi interna dengan gel H2O2 35%, aplikasi asam askorbat 10% selama 10 menit, dan dietsa dengan asam fosfat35%. Semua gigi percobaan di inkubasi pada 37°C selama 24 jam. Uji shear bond strength dilakukan dengan alat Universal Testing Machine. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara statistik dengan tes Kruskal Wallis dan Mann Whitney. Hasil: Analisis sembilan sampel dari masing-masing grup menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan shear bond strength yang paling banyak terjadi pada Grup 3 (56,04±11,06MPa) dibanding dengan Grup 2 (29,09±7,63MPa) dan Grup 1 (25,55±2,22MPa) dan perbedaannya bermakna secara statistik (p<0,05). Simpulan: Aplikasi asam askorbat 10% pada dentin pasca pemutihan gigi interna dengan gel H2O2 35% dapat meningkatkan shear bond strength resin komposit.

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Restoration of the teeth immediately after bleaching with H2O2 35% is contraindicated due to the remnants of free radical that will stay inside dentin for 2-3 weeks which will compromise the adhesiveness of composite resin. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of 10% ascorbic acid on shear bond strength of composite placed on bleached dentin. Methods: Twenty seven samples were divided equally into three groups. Group 1: dentin was etched with 35% phosphoric acid; Group 2: dentin was bleached with 35% H2O2 followed by etching with 35% phosphoric acid; Group 3: dentin was bleached with 35% H2O2, followed by application of 10% ascorbic acid and etched with 35% phosphoric acid. All samples were then stored at 370C for 24 hours. The Universal Testing Machine was used to measure shear bond strength and the results were analyzed with Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney test. Results: After nine independent experiments, 10% ascorbic acid application on bleached dentin resulted in highest increased in bond stregth (56.04±11.06MPa) compared to Group 2 (29.09±7.63MPa) and Group 1 (25.55±2.22MPa) and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: Application of 10% ascorbic acid to the bleached dentin improved the shear bond strength of resin composite."

"[ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kuat rekat geser dan AdhesiveRemnant Index (ARI) dua produk breket metal yang direkatkan dengan satu adesif.Dua puluh gigi premolar atas manusia ditanam pada silinder PVC dengan resinakrilik. Spesimen dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, kelompok A: breket metal 3B, Cina+ Transbond XT; kelompok B: breket metal Protect, Cina + Transbond XT (3M,Unitek, Amerika). Dihasilkan rerata kuat rekat geser 6,09 dan 7,91 MPa padakelompok A dan B (p<0,05) dan nilai ARI: 1 dan 2 pada kedua kelompok (p>0,05).Disimpulkan bahwa dua kelompok memiliki nilai kuat rekat geser yang berbedabermakna dengan kegagalan ikatan bersifat kohesifABSTRACTThe aims of this study were to compare in vitro shear bond strength (SBS)and Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) of two metal bracket products bonded with anadhesive material. Twenty human upper first premolar embedded in acrylic resin.Specimens were divided into two groups, Group A: 3B, China metal bracket +Transbond XT; Group B: Protect, China metal bracket + Transbond XT (3M,Amerika). The mean SBS for Group A and B were 6,09 dan 7,91 MPa and ARI: 1and 2 (p>0,05). It was concluded that the SBS of two groups was significantlydifferent with cohesive bond failure.;The aims of this study were to compare in vitro shear bond strength (SBS)and Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) of two metal bracket products bonded with anadhesive material. Twenty human upper first premolar embedded in acrylic resin.Specimens were divided into two groups, Group A: 3B, China metal bracket +Transbond XT; Group B: Protect, China metal bracket + Transbond XT (3M,Amerika). The mean SBS for Group A and B were 6,09 dan 7,91 MPa and ARI: 1and 2 (p>0,05). It was concluded that the SBS of two groups was significantlydifferent with cohesive bond failure., The aims of this study were to compare in vitro shear bond strength (SBS)and Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) of two metal bracket products bonded with anadhesive material. Twenty human upper first premolar embedded in acrylic resin.Specimens were divided into two groups, Group A: 3B, China metal bracket +Transbond XT; Group B: Protect, China metal bracket + Transbond XT (3M,Amerika). The mean SBS for Group A and B were 6,09 dan 7,91 MPa and ARI: 1and 2 (p>0,05). It was concluded that the SBS of two groups was significantlydifferent with cohesive bond failure.]"

"The use of resin composites as posterior restoratives has markedly increased over the past decade. The patients demand for better esthetics, concerns related to possible mercury toxicity from amalgam and improvements in resin composite materials have significantly contributed the popularity of these materials. Early problems related to composites included excessive wear, less of anatomic form, post operative sensitivity, secondary caries and marginal leakage. Marginal adaptation still remains an unavoidable problem for composite restoration, especially at the gingival wall of cervical or Class II restoration. In an attempt to improve marginal sealing, many techniques and lining materials have been designed. To reduce stress generated by polymerization shrinkage, applying and curing of resin composites in layers is often recommended. Using a thick adhesive layer or a low-viscosity resin may, due to its elastic properties, serve as a flexible intermediate layer and compensate for the polymerization stress created in resin composite. Flowable composites were created by retaining the same small practicle size of traditional hybrid composite but reducing the filler content and allowing the increased resin to reduce the viscosity of the mixture. Flowable composites were introduced in 1996 as liners, fissure sealants and also in tunnel preparations. They have been suggested for Class I, II, III and V cavity restorations, preventive resin restorations and composite, porcelain and amalgam repairing. Their usage as a liner under high filled resins in posterior restorations has been shown to improve the adaptation of composites and effectively achieve clinically acceptable results. This article attempts to give a broad characteristics of different types of flowable composites. "