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"The procurement of land for industrial development is always provided with a requirement of environmental conservation. This can be proved by the local government decree to give the rights to use land for the building of industrial plant of PT UMAS Jaya form with a clausule of environmental conservation for the land user."

"Agrarian law No. 5 of 1960 and Government Regulation No.10 of 1961 regarding land registration stated that land registration made a legal certainty for the land owner. But in faact, especially for the low income rural community there was a tendency to be reluctant to register their land. This research proved, there was a close correlation between the level of income and the awarness of community regarding the land registration. The lower the level of income, the move reluctant they registered their lands."

"Indonesia tengah terus mewujudkan konsolidasi demokratik dan dalam keseluruhan prosesw dimaksud ,bisa terjadi ketidakpuasan,ketidakpastiandan ketidakjelasan serta terus menerus ada pertanyaan yang mempersoalkan,kemana ujung dari seluruh proses transisi akan bermuara? ...."

"As a government souvrenities of the people base to the law and to handle the state government base on constitution, therefore the management of state finance system should be appropriate with main regulation which stated in constitution 1945. The government budget and expenses (APBN), also the local government budget and expenses (APBD) to be fixed each year by the law including taxes and others charge with forced for the government needs also sort and price money area stated by the law. The President as an authority holder state management finance, delegates to the Ministers/Institution leaders, governors, Regents or Mayors and Head of certain organization unit leaders for arranging and fixing also responsibility in management of APBN anf APBD. In order to support good government realization in management of government state finance it's need to do profesionalism, open up and responsibility due to constitution 1945 in general principle namely: Accountability for the result oriented , Profesionalsm, Prpporsionalsm, Open up and controling . Relationship between Central government and Local government and Local government, that is central government to feel an obligation to local government for allocation funds sharing with proprosionality base on law and others regulation."

"ABSTRAKJurnal ini membahas tentang perbedaan Konstitusi Arab Saudi dan Maroko meliputi bentuk batang dan tubuh konstitusi secara umum, penggunaan istilah yang digunakan, jumlah bab dan pasal dalam konstitusi, serta hierarki tata urutan perundangan-undangan dalam sistem pemerintahan negara. Jurnal ini berjudul ldquo;Diferensiasi Konstitusi Arab Saudi dan Maroko rdquo;. Penulis menggunakan metode studi pustaka yang bersumber dari buku dan media online, penelitian jurnal ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis dalam pengolahan data dan pemaparan. Teori yang penulis gunakan dalam jurnal ini adalah teori hierarki tata urutan perundang-undangan milik Hans Kelsen yang akan dikaitkan dengan Konstitusi Arab Saudi dan Maroko. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Konstitusi Arab Saudi dan Maroko memiliki banyak perbedaan disebabkan perbedaan sistem monarki yang dianut oleh masing-masing negara, serta perbedaan posisi konstitusi dalam sistem pemerintahan, di mana Konstitusi Arab Saudi menempati posisi ketiga, sedangkan Konstitusi Arab Saudi menempati posisi pertama dalam hierarki tata urutan perundangan-undangan.

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ABSTRACTThis paper discusses about differentiation of the constitution of Saudi Arabia and Morocco includes the rod shape and the body of the constitution in general, the used term, the number of chapters and clauses, and the sort order of hierarchy of laws in the state government system. This paper entitled, ldquo Differentiation of The Constitution of Saudi Arabia and Morocco rdquo . The author uses the method of literature sourced from books and online media, this paper also using descriptive analysis method in data processing and exposure. The theory that used in this paper is Hans Kelsen rsquo s hierarchy of the sort order of law theory that will be associated with the Constitution of Saudi Arabia and Morocco. The results of this study indicate that the Constitution of Saudi Arabia and Morocco have many differences due to the differences of monarchy system which adopted by each country, and differences in the position of the constitution on the government system, in which Constitution of Saudi Arabia occupies the third position, while the Constitution of Morocco occupies the first position of each country."

"Peningkatan nilai konstruksi setiap tahunnya di berbagai provinsi di Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa industri konstruksi terus mengalami pertumbuhan. Seiring pertumbuhan konstruksi yang pesat di berbagai daerah di Indonesia, peningkatan biaya konstruksi pun terus meningkat. Hal tersebut mendorong pelaku dunia konstruksi di Indonesia untuk dapat melakukan optimasi terhadap biaya dan kualitas proyek yang dihasilkan. Optimasi dilakukan untuk memperoleh hasil terbaik dari kondisi yang diberikan sebagai suatu batasan atau masalah. Pada bidang konstruksi, optimasi sangat perlu dilakukan pada aktivitas pekerjaan dengan tingkat ketidakpastian uncertainty yang tinggi seperti hal nya pekerjaan pondasi. Dalam mendesain pondasi, khususnya pondasi dangkal sedikitnya terdapat tiga persyaratan dasar yang perlu dipenuhi, yaitu ultimate limit state ULS, serviceability limit state SLS, dan ekonomis. Pada umumnya, dalam mendesain suatu pondasi dangkal pengoptimalan hanya berfokus pada ULS dan SLS, sedangkan aspek biaya ditinjau setelahnya. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya pendekatan optimasi yang secara eksplisit mampu mempertimbangkan aspek ekonomi dalam desain konstruksi guna menghasilkan pondasi yang memiliki biaya konstruksi paling minimum.

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Enhancement of construction value each year in every province in Indonesia shows that industrial construction has been growing since. As the rapid growth of construction in every districts in Indonesia, cost of construction has also been increasing. That matters to encourage the perpretators in construction sector in Indonesia to optimize the projects cost and project qualities result. Optimization is performed to obtain the best result from the given conditions as a limitation or a problem. In construction sector, optimization is an important thing to do in the high uncertainty activity such as foundation activity.

In designing foundation, especially shallow foundation, there are three fundamental requirements, namely ultimate limit state ULS , serviceability limit state SLS, and economic. Generally, ULS and SLS are focused only in optimization of designing a shallow foundation, meanwhile cost aspects are reviewed later. Therefore, optimization approach is needed, that explicitly able to consider economic aspects in designing construction to result foundation that has the most minimum construction cost. "