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"The purpose of this research is to examine factors that may affect fraud on financial statements that could encourage the emergence of corruption by management. This research uses banks as an industry sample because the banking industry is highly regulated and should report their financial statement to a central bank. Meanwhile, banks still frequently have fraudulent financial statements. Good corporate governance mechanisms indicated that banks have the capability to detect fraud in financial statements. This research focuses on testing factors that may affect the financial statements fraud which lead to the corruption of management. The data used in this research is financial statement data. Corporate governance mechanisms tested in this study are the number of commissioners, percentage of independent directors, number of commissioners meeting, percentage of largest share ownership, managerial ownership, long tenure of commissioners, and type of auditor. This research found that the number of commissioners and managerial ownership affects managements fraud, while the number of independent directors, the number of commissioners meeting, a long tenure managing director, large share ownership, and the type of auditor has no effect on fraud."

"Pada tahun 2023 Kementerian BUMN menduga adanya manipulasi laporan keuangan PT X dengan adanya pelaporan laba selama bertahun-tahun namun arus kas negatif, gagal bayar sehingga digugat pailit. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis indikasi manipulasi laporan keuangan dan pengendalian internal atas laporan keuangan (ICOFR) di PT X perusahaan dari tahun 2013-2022. Indikasi manipulasi laporan keuangan diperoleh dari  perhitungan Beneish M-Score. Analisis  ICOFR dilakukan dengan skoring menggunakan manual content method terhadap 90 indikator ICOFR A Compendium of Approaches and Examples. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat indikasi manipulasi laporan keuangan pada PT X kecuali pada tahun 2020 dan 2021 dan pengendalian internal atas laporan keuangan semakin membaik dari tahun ke tahun. Nilai ICOFR yang bagus tidak menjamin laporan keuangan terbebas dari indikasi manipulasi laporan keuangan.

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In 2023, the Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises suspects that there has been manipulation of the financial reports of PT X, with reporting profits for years but negative cash flow, failure to pay so that it was sued for bankruptcy. The research aims to analyze indications of manipulation of financial reports and internal control over financial reports (ICOFR) at PT X. The research uses secondary data in the form of company annual reports from 2013-2022. Indications of financial report manipulation are obtained from the Beneish M-Score calculation. ICOFR analysis is carried out by scoring using the manual content method of 90 ICOFR A Compendium of Approaches and Examples indicators. The research results show that there are indications of manipulation of financial reports except in 2020 and 2021 and internal control over financial reports is getting better from year to year. Good ICOFR score does not guarantee that financial reports are free from indications of manipulation."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memeriksa apakah terdapat tata kelola yang lebih lemah pada fraud firm dibanding control firm pada periode sebelum terjadi kecurangan dan apakah terdapat perbaikan tata kelola perusahaan yang dilakukan oleh fraud firm pada periode setelah kecurangan. Penelitian ini menganalisis tata kelola perusahaan yang diukur menggunakan variabel efektivitas dewan komisaris, efektivitas komite audit, kualitas audit, dan struktur kepemilikan. Hasil uji beda menunjukkan bahwa fraud firm lebih lemah dalam kualitas audit dan bahwa fraud firm melakukan perbaikan pada kompetensi dewan komisarisnya. Selain itu, kecurangan menyebabkan penurunan kepemilikan terkonsentrasi pada fraud firm.

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This research’s objective is to check whether fraud firm has weaker corporate governance compared to control firm in the period before fraud occured and whether fraud firm make improvements on its corporate governance in the period following fraud. This research analyzes corporate governance structures which are measured by board of commissioners’ effectiveness, audit committee’s effectiveness, audit quality, and ownership structure. The results show that fraud firm has weaker audit quality and that fraud firm makes improvement on its board of commissioners’ competence. Besides, fraud occurence causes decline on fraud firm’s blockholders ownership."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan memeroleh bukti empiris mengenai pengaruh komponen tata kelola perusahaan dan komponen pendukung eksternal perusahaan terhadap probabilita terjadinya fraud pada laporan keuangan. Proksi kemungkinan terjadinya fraud pada penelitian ini menggunakan dasar model M-Score. Sampel penelitian adalah 285 perusahaan publik non-keuangan selama tahun 2012-2016. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemilikan terkonsentrasi, proporsi komisaris independen, efektivitas komite audit, dan penggunaan KAP big four terbukti mengurangi probabilita terjadinya fraud pada laporan keuangan. Penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa kepemilikan pemerintah dan regulasi industri yang lebih ketat meningkatkan probabilita terjadinya fraud pada laporan keuangan. Sebaliknya, usia terdaftarnya perusahaan sebagai perusahaan publik tidak terbukti berpengaruh terhadap probabilita terjadinya fraud pada laporan keuangan.

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The purpose of this study is to test and obtain empirical evidence about the effects of corporate governance components and external supporting components to probability of financial statement fraud. The proxy used in measuring the probability of financial statement fraud is by M Score model. The sample of this study is the 285 non financial public companies during 2012 2016. The result showing that the concentrated ownership, independent director proportion, audit committee effectiveness, and the using of big four accounting firm can reduce the probability of financial statement fraud otherwise the state ownership and restricted industry regulation in firms surprisingly increases the probability of financial statement fraud. However the length of year listed in the stock exchange do not influence the probability of financial statement fraud."

"Penelitian ini membahas hubungan antara agresivitas pajak dan agresivitas pelaporan keuangan serta pengaruh kepemilikan keluarga dan tata kelola perusahaan terhadap agresivitas pajak dan agresivitas pelaporan keuangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan perusahaan manufaktur dan non manufaktur yang terdaftar dalam Bursa Efek Indonesia selama periode 2008-2012 sebanyak 101 perusahaan sehingga terdapat 505 total observasi.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan positif antara agresivitas pajak dan agresivitas pelaporan keuangan. Kepemilikan keluarga terbukti berpengaruh positif terhadap agresivitas pajak namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap agresivitas pelaporan keuangan. Sementara tata kelola perusahaan tidak berpengaruh baik terhadap agresivitas pelaporan keuangan maupun agresivitas pajak.

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This research discusses the relationship of tax aggressiveness and financial reporting aggresiveness and the effect of family ownership and corporate governance towards tax aggressiveness and financial reporting aggressiveness. This research is using 101 firms (manufacture and non-maufacture) that are listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2008-2012 period as sample and resulting 505 observations in total.

This research shows a positive relationship between tax aggressiveness and financial reporting aggressiveness. Family ownership is proven to have a direct positive effect towards tax aggressiveness but no significant relationship towards financial reporting aggressiveness. Meanwhile, corporate governance has no relationship neither with financial reporting aggressiveness nor with tax aggressiveness."

"Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membahas dampak perbedaan motif Merger dan Akuisisi (M&A) terhadap kinerja jangka panjang dan kualitas laba perusahaan pasca M&A serta peran moderasi Corporate Governance, baik pada tingkat perusahaan maupun tingkat negara terhadap hubungan antara motif M&A dan kinerja jangka panjang. Selain itu penelitian ini juga menganalisis pengaruh motif M&A terhadap tingkat pengungkapan transaksi M&A serta dampak dari tingkat pengungkapan tersebut bagi kinerja jangka panjang serta kualitas laba perusahaan pasca M&A. Penelitian ini berfokus pada pemisahan persepsi motif M&A dari investor menjadi motif sinergi dan agensi berdasarkan reaksi investor saat pengumuman M&A dilakukan serta menggunakan variabel akuntansi. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara lintas negara dengan menggunakan sampel kasus M&A yang terjadi di 11 negara Asia selama periode 2002-2012. Dengan menggunakan metode cross-sectional ordinary least square, hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa M&A bermotif sinergi menghasilkan kinerja yang lebih baik dibandingkan M&A motif agensi, dan mekanisme Corporate Governance yang diterapkan perusahaan terbukti dapat lebih memaksimumkan dampak positif tersebut. Temuan lain dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa motif M&A juga menjadi faktor penting yang menjelaskan tingkat pengungkapan informasi M&A yang kemudian terbukti secara signifikan menentukan kualitas laba perusahaan pasca M&A. Penelitian ini tidak dapat membuktikan pengaruh motif M&A terhadap kualitas laba, pengaruh tingkat pengungkapan M&A terhadap kinerja jangka panjang serta peran moderasi Corporate Governance tingkat negara pada hubungan antara motif M&A dan kinerja jangka panjang.

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The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of Merger and Acquisition (M&A) motives to the long-term performance and earnings quality of companies post M&A, and the moderating effect of Corporate Governance, both in firm-level and country-level, to the relationship between M&A motives to the long-term performance. In addition, this study also analyses the influence of M&A motive to the M&A transaction disclosure level and then analyses how the M&A disclosure level can determine the long-term performance and the earnings quality post M&A. This study uses M&A transactions in 11 Asian countries during 2002 until 2012 as research sample. Using cross-sectional ordinary least square method, this study proves that the M&A motives have significant positive influence to the long-term performance post M&A and the significant moderating effect of Corporate Governance at firm-level in maximizing the influence between it. Other findings in this study show that the M&A motives have a significant positive influence on the level of M&A disclosure which is then proven to be one of the significant factors that determining the quality of earnings post M&A. In the other side, this study fails to prove the significant impact of the M&A motive to the earnings quality post M&A, the influence of the disclosure level to the long-term performance and the moderating effect of the Corporate Governance at country-level to the relationship between the M&A motives and the long-term performance post M&A."

"Tesis ini bertujuan membahas tentang persiapan, pelaksanaan penyusunan. dan hambatan yang terjadi dalam penyusunan Laporan Keuangan pada Direktorat Jenderal Manajemen Pendidikan Dasar dan Mencngah sebagai Unit Akuntansi Pcmbantu Pengguna Anggaran Eselon-l(UAPPA-El) yaitu salah satu entitas akuntansi di bawah Kementerian Negara!Lembaga yang beikewajiban menyelenggarak:an akuntansi dan pertanggungjawaban pelaksanaan anggarnn dengan menyusun lapota.n keuangan berupa Realisasi Anggaran dan Neraca disertai Catatan atas Laporan Keuangan tingkat Eselon-1. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian dengan pendekatan desk:riptif kualitati£ Hasil peneiitian ini diharapkan agar Direktornt Jenderal Manajemen Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah sebagai Unit Akuntansi Pembantu Pengguna Anggarnn Eselon-l(UAPPA-El)dapat dengan 1ebih trnnsparansi dan akuntabe1 dalam menyusun dan menyampaikan laporan keuangan Eselon 1 berupa Lapornn Realisasi Anggaran, Nernca dan Catatan atas Laporan Keuangan sebagaimana diarnanatkan dalam tata kelola yang balk (good governance).

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This thesis aim to study about preparation, execution of compilation, and resistance happened in compilation of Financial statement at Management Directorate General of Elementary Education and Menengah as Unit Akuntansi Pembantu Pengguna Anggaran Eselon-I(UAPPA-El) that is one of accountancy entity below (under Kementerian Negara!Lembaga whlch fs obliged to carry out accountancy and execution responsibility of budget by compiling financial statement in the form of Realisasi Anggaran and Neraca is accompanied by Note to Financial statement level ofEselon-1. This research is research with qualitative descriptive approach. Result of this research expected that Management Directorate General of Elementary Education and Mencngah as Unit Akuntansi Pembantu Pengguna Anggar.m Eselon·l(UAPPA-El) with interest transparency and akuntabel in compiling and &1lbmits financial statement F..selon 1 in the form of Laporan Realisasi Anggaran, Balance and Note to Financial statement as commended in ammging good management {good governance)."

"This study examines the differencCorporate Governance mechanisms are believed to have strong impact on the companies' performance. The implementation of Corporate Governance in one company might be different to the implementation of Corporate Governance in other company due to the characteristics of the company. This study examines the difference of Corporate Governance mechanisms in financially distressed firms and non financially distressedfirms. Corporate Governance mechanisms examined in this study are board size, independency of board, institutional ownership and director ownership. The result of this study shows that board size has a significant negative impact on the probability of firm experienced financial distressed after controlling for firms asset and leverage. This result is also confirmed by test using lag one year. This study fails to document the evidence of the relationship of board independency and ownership structure with the probability of firm experienced financial distressed."