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"This book has been rigorously re-written and updated for its second edition to offer the latest findings in the mechanical behaviour of materials. Includes chapter-end exercises, and many explanatory diagrams and electron-microscope photographs. "

"This book explains the hypoplastic modelling framework. It is divided into two parts, the first of which is devoted to principles of hypoplasticity. First, the basic features of soils mechanical behaviour are introduced, namely non-linearity and asymptotic properties. These features are then incorporated into simple one-dimensional hypoplastic equations for compression and shear. Subsequently, a hypoplastic equivalent of the Modified Cam-Clay model is developed in 2D space using stress and strain invariants to demonstrate key similarities and differences between elasto-plastic and hypoplastic formulations. Lastly, the mathematical structure of hypoplastic models is explained by tracing their historical development, from the early trial-and-error models to more recent approaches. In turn, Part II introduces specific hypoplastic models for soils. First, two reference models for sand and clay are defined. After summarising their mathematical formulations, calibration procedures are described and discussed. Subsequently, more advanced modelling approaches are covered: the intergranular strain concept incorporating the effects of small strain stiffness and cyclic loading, viscohypoplasticity for predicting rate effects, soil structure to represent structured and bonded materials and soil anisotropy. The book concludes with a description of partial saturation and thermal effects: topics that are increasingly important to the disciplines of energy and environmental geotechnics.Selecting a constitutive model and its parameters is often the most important and yet challenging part of any numerical analysis in geotechnical engineering. Hypoplasticity involves a specific class of soil constitutive models, which are described in detail here. The book offers an essential resource, both for model users who need a more advanced model for their geotechnical calculations and are mainly interested in parameter calibration procedures, and for model developers who are seeking a comprehensive understanding of the mathematical structure of hypoplasticity."

"This volume highlights the latest developments and trends in advanced materials and their properties, the modeling and simulation of non-classical materials and structures, and new technologies for joining materials. It presents the developments of advanced materials and respective tools to characterize and predict the material properties and behavior."

"Mechanical alloying (MA) was used to produce Ti-xMg alloys (x = 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 wt%Mg), and powders alloys of Ti-Mg were characterized by X-ray diffraction and Optical microscope. Investigation shows that the homogenous structure have not yet been obtained as milling Ti and Mg for 4 hours, but XRD traces indicated that mechanical alloying have produced Ti-Mg alloys as Mg peaks has disappeared from the traces. XRD results also showed that mechanical alloying and addition of Mg have direct effect on XRD broadening. Powder alloys were compacted using severe plastic deformation method, ECAP. Using Archimedes principle the density of Ti-Mg solid samples were measured and results shows that the density decreased as Mg content increases. Relative density on compacted powders indicates that ECAP has produced in excess of 98% density on each sample, and annealing improved the density. Microstructure observation using SEM shows that ECAP has produced good inter-particles boundaries as well as some porosity and undissolved Mg particles can be observed. After annealing there is improvement in boundaries in samples containing Mg, but at the same time cause segregation of Mg, which indicates diffusion of Mg occurs faster during annealing at 600_C. Mechanical properties measurement was conducted by ball indentation test method on annealed and un-annealed bulk samples, and the result were studied and analysed carefully, however, the final result of mechanical properties were not well understood and still require further and deeper investigation in the future."

"The book gives a comprehensive description of the mechanical response of soils (granular and cohesive materials) under cyclic loading. It provides the geotechnical engineer with the theoretical and analytical tools necessary for the evaluation of settlements developng with time under cyclic, einvironmentally idncued loads (such as wave motion, wind actions, water table level variation) and their consequences for the serviceability and durability of structures such as the shallow or deep foundations used in offshore engineering, caisson beakwaters, ballast and airport pavements and also to interpret monitoring data, obtained from both natural and artificial slopes and earth embankments, for the purposes of risk assessment and mitigation."