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"ABSTRAKPenelitian mengenai lichen dilakukan di lingkungan kampus Universitas Indonesia, Depok pada Agustus 2015 -- Januari 2016. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan struktur komunitas lichen di Universitas Indonesia, Depok. Tujuh plot 25 x 25 m dibuat di hutan kota dan sembilan garis transek masing-masing sepanjang 50 m dibuat di jalan utama kampus. Lima pohon dipilih pada setiap titik plot dan transek garis sebagai sampel. Sampel diambil dari pohon dengan DBH (Diameter at Breast Height) minimal 20 cm dengan jaring plastik 10 cm x 10 cm yang melekat di utara, selatan, timur, dan barat sisi batang pohon. Jaring plastik dibagi menjadi 100 kotak persegi, kemudian ditempel pada pohon dengan ketinggian yang berbeda (0 cm -- 100 cm dan 100 cm -- 200 cm) dari permukaan tanah. Hasilnya diperoleh tiga famili lichen yang ditemukan di hutan kota yaitu, Leprariaceae, Sarrameanaceae dan Physciaceae dan lima famili lichen di jalan utama kampus yaitu, Sarrameanaceae, Parmeliaceae, Leprariaceae, Graphidaceae dan Physciaceae. Kesamaan famili lichen antara hutan kota dan jalan utama kampus berdasarkan Indeks Sorenson sebesar 75%. Famili Leprariaceae adalah famili yang dominan di hutan kota, sementara Sarrameanaceae adalah famili yang dominan di jalan utama kampus. Keragaman lichen kedua lokasi dikategorikan sedang berdasarkan Indeks Shannon Wiener (H '1--3), namun tidak ada yang berbeda secara signifikan di antara kedua tempat tersebut. Famili Leprariaceae memiliki frekuensi kehadiran tertinggi pada pohon inang yaitu pohon daruak (Microcos tomentosa) sebesar 7,5%. Berdasarkan uji asosiasi (x2) antara tekstur kulit pohon dengan lichen menunjukkan asosiasi positif antara tekstur kulit pohon dengan lichen. Kehadiran famili Sarrameanaceae, Leprariaceae, Graphidaceae dan Physciaceae dipengaruhi oleh tekstur kulit pohon inang sedikit kasar.

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ABSTRACT

Research on lichens was conducted at the Universitas Indonesia, Depok on August 2015 -- January 2016. The aim of this research is to determine community structur of lichen at the Universitas Indonesia, Depok. Seven plots of 25 x 25 m2 were made at the urban forest, while nine of 50 m line transect were made at the main road. Five trees of each plots and line transect were sampled. The samples were taken from trees with DBH (Diameter at Breast Height) minimum 20 cm then the grid 10 cm x 10 cm were attached at northern, southern, eastern, and western site of the trunk. The grid was divided into 100 square, then attached on trees in different height (0 cm - 100 cm and 100 cm - 200 cm) from the land surface. The result obtained three family of lichens were found in urban forest, they are Leprariaceae, Sarrameanaceae and Physciaceae. Five family were found at the main road, they were Sarrameanaceae, Parmeliaceae, Leprariaceae, Graphidaceae and Physciaceae. The similarity of lichens family between the urban forest and main road based on Sorenson similarity were high 75%. Family Leprariaceae was the dominant family at the urban forest, while Sarrameanaceae was dominant family at the main road. The diversity of lichen at both sites were categorized medium based on Shannon Wiener index (H? 1--3), however there was not significantly different between those place. Family Leprariaceae was the highest frequency of present on daruak (Microcos tomentosa) host tree, that was 7,5%. Based association test (x2) between the texture of tree bark with lichen, shows that positive association between the texture of tree bark with lichen,the presence of Sarrameanaceae, Leprariaceae, Graphidaceae and Physciaceae family is influenced by bark slightly rough."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian mengenai lichen dilakukan di lingkungan kampus Universitas Indonesia, Depok pada Agustus 2015 -- Januari 2016. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan struktur komunitas lichen di Universitas Indonesia, Depok. Tujuh plot 25 x 25 m dibuat di hutan kota dan sembilan garis transek masing-masing sepanjang 50 m dibuat di jalan utama kampus. Lima pohon dipilih pada setiap titik plot dan transek garis sebagai sampel. Sampel diambil dari pohon dengan DBH (Diameter at Breast Height) minimal 20 cm dengan jaring plastik 10 cm x 10 cm yang melekat di utara, selatan, timur, dan barat sisi batang pohon. Jaring plastik dibagi menjadi 100 kotak persegi, kemudian ditempel pada pohon dengan ketinggian yang berbeda (0 cm -- 100 cm dan 100 cm -- 200 cm) dari permukaan tanah. Hasilnya diperoleh tiga famili lichen yang ditemukan di hutan kota yaitu, Leprariaceae, Sarrameanaceae dan Physciaceae dan lima famili lichen di jalan utama kampus yaitu, Sarrameanaceae, Parmeliaceae, Leprariaceae, Graphidaceae dan Physciaceae. Kesamaan famili lichen antara hutan kota dan jalan utama kampus berdasarkan Indeks Sorenson sebesar 75%. Famili Leprariaceae adalah famili yang dominan di hutan kota, sementara Sarrameanaceae adalah famili yang dominan di jalan utama kampus. Keragaman lichen kedua lokasi dikategorikan sedang berdasarkan Indeks Shannon Wiener (H '1--3), namun tidak ada yang berbeda secara signifikan di antara kedua tempat tersebut. Famili Leprariaceae memiliki frekuensi kehadiran tertinggi pada pohon inang yaitu pohon daruak (Microcos tomentosa) sebesar 7,5%. Berdasarkan uji asosiasi (x2) antara tekstur kulit pohon dengan lichen menunjukkan asosiasi positif antara tekstur kulit pohon dengan lichen. Kehadiran famili Sarrameanaceae, Leprariaceae, Graphidaceae dan Physciaceae dipengaruhi oleh tekstur kulit pohon inang sedikit kasar.

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ABSTRACTResearch on lichens was conducted at the Universitas Indonesia, Depok on August 2015 -- January 2016. The aim of this research is to determine community structur of lichen at the Universitas Indonesia, Depok. Seven plots of 25 x 25 m2 were made at the urban forest, while nine of 50 m line transect were made at the main road. Five trees of each plots and line transect were sampled. The samples were taken from trees with DBH (Diameter at Breast Height) minimum 20 cm then the grid 10 cm x 10 cm were attached at northern, southern, eastern, and western site of the trunk. The grid was divided into 100 square, then attached on trees in different height (0 cm - 100 cm and 100 cm - 200 cm) from the land surface. The result obtained three family of lichens were found in urban forest, they are Leprariaceae, Sarrameanaceae and Physciaceae. Five family were found at the main road, they were Sarrameanaceae, Parmeliaceae, Leprariaceae, Graphidaceae and Physciaceae. The similarity of lichens family between the urban forest and main road based on Sorenson similarity were high 75%. Family Leprariaceae was the dominant family at the urban forest, while Sarrameanaceae was dominant family at the main road. The diversity of lichen at both sites were categorized medium based on Shannon Wiener index (H? 1--3), however there was not significantly different between those place. Family Leprariaceae was the highest frequency of present on daruak (Microcos tomentosa) host tree, that was 7,5%. Based association test (x2) between the texture of tree bark with lichen, shows that positive association between the texture of tree bark with lichen,the presence of Sarrameanaceae, Leprariaceae, Graphidaceae and Physciaceae family is influenced by bark slightly rough"

"Penelitian mengenai struktur komunitas capung di kawasan Situ Kampus Universitas Indonesia Depok, Jawa Barat telah dilakukan pada bulan November 2017. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas capung serta memantau perubahan struktur komunitas capung di situ-situ kampus Universitas Indonesia Depok. Penentuan lokasi pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada 6 situ dengan metode purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 16 spesies lamun dari dua subordo dan 4 famili. Orthetrum testaceum memiliki indeks nilai penting tertinggi di pagi hari dan Zyxomma obtusum pada sore hari. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman di seluruh situ Kampus UI tergolong rendah. Nilai indeks kemerataan pada Situ Kenanga dan Situ Salam tergolong tidak merata, sedangkan Situ Agathis, Mahoni, Puspa dan Ulin tergolong kurang merata. Nilai indeks dominansi pada Situ Kampus UI tergolong rendah. Secara umum, Kualitas perairan Situ Kampus UI tergolong tercemar sedang.

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Research on community structure of dragonflies and damselflies in lakes of University of Indonesia Depok, West Java, was conducted on November 2017. The study aims to determine the community structure of dragonflies and damselflies and to monitor the changes in community structure of dragonflies and damselflies in University of Indonesia Lakes. The location of sampling in 6 lakes was determined by purposive sampling.

The results showed that there are 12 species of dragonflies and 4 species of damselflies from 4 families. Orthetrum testaceum has the highest importance index at morning and Zyxomma obtusum at evening. The diversity index value in University of Indonesia lakes are considered as low. Evennes index value in University of Indonesia lakes are considered low at lake Kenanga and lake Salam while on situ Agathis, Mahoni, Puspa and Ulin are considered moderate. The dominance index in University of Indonesia lakes was low. Generally, based on dragonflies and damselflies diversity, water quality in University of Indonesia lakes are considered moderately polluted."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas epifiton pada tumbuhan Ipomoea aquatica F. di lima situ Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat. Ditemukan 34 marga dengan kepadatan 983 ind/cm2. Situ Agathis memiliki epifiton dengan kepadatan 320 ind/cm2, Situ Mahoni sebesar 296 ind/cm2, Situ Puspa sebesar 136 ind/cm2, Situ Ulin sebesar 48 ind/cm2, Situ Salam sebesar 183 ind/cm2. Situ Agathis di dominasi oleh Crucigeniella (12%), Situ Mahoni di dominasi oleh Navicula (26%), Situ Puspa di dominasi oleh Navicula (50%), Situ Salam di dominasi oleh Diatom1 (74%), Situ Ulin di dominasi oleh Euglena (33,5%). Perairan di sekitar epifton di Ipomoea aquatica F. memiliki intensitas cahaya berkisar antara 0,26 m--0,40 m; suhu 26--29,5°C; pH 5--6,5; DO 5,9--8,64 ppm; BOD 1,5--2,7 ppm. Indeks keanekaan epifiton berkisar antara 0,15--0,365. Indeks kemerataan penyebaran epifiton berkisar antara 0,09--0,19. Indeks kesamaan menurut Hierarchical cluster dengan menggunakan program PAST v3 memiliki tingkat kesamaan epifiton di lima situ UI berkisar antara 24,34--47,44 yang berarti kesamaan di setiap situ tidak berbeda jauh.

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This research is aimed to know the epiphyton structure on Ipomoea aquatica F. in five situ at University of Indonesia, Depok, West Java. 34 genus have been found in those situ with density of 983 Ind/cm2. Situ Agathis, Situ Mahoni, Situ Puspa, Situ Ulin, and Situ Salam had epiphyton density 320 ind/cm2, 296 ind/cm2, 136 ind/cm2, 48 ind/cm2, 183 ind/cm2 respectively. Domination of Crucigeniella at Situ Agathis was 12%. Domination of Navicula at Situ Mahoni was 26%. Domination of Navicula at Situ Puspa was 50%. Domination of Diatom 1 at Situ Salam was 74%. Domination of Euglena at Situ Ulin was 33,5%. Brightness of light at around epiphyton in Ipomoea aquatica F.depht ranges 0,26 m--0,40 m. Temperature range from 26--29,5°C; pH: 5--6,5; DO: 5,9--8,64 ppm; BOD: 1,5--2,7 ppm. Epiphyton diversity index ranged 0,15--0,36. Epiphyton Evennes index ranged from 0,09--0,19. Similarity index in hierarchical cluster with program PAST v3 have level similarity on five situ range is 24,34--47,44 it meant similarity on five situ not significant diffirence."

"ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menjelaskan struktur komunitas dan melengkapi data mengenai famili Asteraceae di Kampus Universitas Indonesia UI. Penelitian dilakukan selama bulan September dan Oktober 2017. Lokasi pengambilan sampel dibagi menjadi tujuh kompartemen dengan membuat petak berukuran 1x1 meter sebanyak seratus plot menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Data yang diperoleh berupa kehadiran dan diameter tutupan tiap spesies Asteraceae. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan empat belas spesies Asteraceae. Spesies yang ditemukan di kompartemen 1 hingga 7 masing-masing terdiri dari 10 spesies, 9 spesies, 10 spesies, 11 spesies, 8 spesies, 7 spesies, dan 8 spesies. Berdasarkan nilai INP, Mikania micrantha mendominasi hanya pada kompartemen 2 dengan nilai INP sebesar 39,56. Synedrella nodiflora mendominasi pada kompartemen 1, 4, dan 5 dengan nilai masing-masing sebesar 50,28, 34,89, dan 59,08. Sedangkan, Tridax procumbens mendominasi pada kompartemen 3, 6, dan 7 dengan nilai masing-masing sebesar 64,02, 66,47, dan 59,29. Secara keseluruhan, ketujuh kompartemen memiliki indeks keanekaragaman yang rendah hingga sedang H 1,41-2,03, tingkat kemerataan yang tinggi E 0,67-0,84, dan tingkat dominansi yang rendah D 0,14-0,27.

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ABSTRACT<>br>Research on the community structure of Asteraceae family in Universitas Indonesia UI campus has been done. The study was conducted during September to October 2017. A hundred plots sampling with a size of 1 x 1 meter was made purposively on seven compartments that became the sampling location. The data obtained are the presence and coverage area of each species. The total species of Asteraceae found were fourteen. Each compartment has a different number of species. Species found in compartment 1-7 were ten, nine, ten, eleven, eight, seven, and eight species respectively. Based on IVI values, Mikania micrantha dominates only in compartment 2 with an IVI value of 39.56. Synedrella nodiflora dominates in compartments 1, 4, and 5 with IVI values of 50.28, 34.89, and 59.08, respectively. Meanwhile, Tridax procumbens dominates in compartments 3, 6, and 7 with IVI values of 64.02, 66.47, and 59.29 respectively. Overall, the seven compartments had a low to moderate level of diversity H 39 1.41 2.03, high level of evenness E 0.67 0.84, and low level of dominance D 0.14 0.27."

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Penelitian mengenai struktur komunitas fitoplankton di perairan Danau Sunter Selatan, Jakarta Utara telah dilakukan pada bulan April – Mei 2019. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas fitoplankton seperti menghitung indeks kelimpahan, keanekaragaman, kemerataan, dominansi, dan saprobik (pencemaraan air). Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu dengan mengambil sampel secara horizontal dan vertikal pada bagian permukaan tiga stasiun (inlet, midlet, dan outlet), selama dua kali pada tanggal 3 dan 21 April 2019. Struktur komunitas fitoplankton di analisis berdasarkan kelimpahan, indeks keanekaragaman, kemerataan, dominansi dan saprobik (pencemaraan air). Keanekaragaman fitoplankton di perairan Danau Sunter Selatan, Jakarta Utara ditemukan 4 kelas dari 12 marga fitoplankton. Fitoplankton terdiri dari Bacillariophyceae (Chaetoceros, Pinnularia, Synedra), Chlorophyceae (Closterium, Cosmarium, Staurastrum, Oocytis, Scenedesmus, Pediastrum) Cyanophyceae (Microcystis, Tetraedron), Euglenophyceae (Euglena). Berdasarkan nilai indeks keanekaragaman fitoplankton secara horizontal dan vertikal berkisar 1,494 - 1,717 dikategorikan tingkat keanekaragaman sedang, indeks kemerataan berkisar 0,701 – 0,764 dikategorikan cukup sampai hampir merata, dan indeks dominansi berkisar 0,238 – 0283 dikategorikan tidak adanya dominasi marga tertentu di perairan Danau Sunter Selatan, Jakarta Utara. Indeks saprobik atau pencemaran air pada setiap stasiun berkisar 0,066 – 0,366 hal tersebut menunjukan perairan Danau Sunter Selatan, Jakarta Utara tercemar sedang, dimungkinkan karena pembuangan sampah dari kegiatan diarea danau.

 

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Research on community structure of phytoplankton in Danau Sunter Selatan, North Jakarta was conducted in April - May 2019. The purpose of this research was to specify the community structure of phytoplankton such as abundance, diversity index, equitability, dominance, and saprobic index (water pollution). The research method used was taking samples horizontally and vertically on the surface of three stations (inlet, midlet, and outlet), for two times on 3^rd and 21^th of April 2019. The community structure of phytoplankton was analyzed based on abundance, diversity index, equitability, dominance, and saprobic index (water pollution). For the diversity of phytoplankton in Danau Sunter Selatan, 4 classes of 12 phytoplankton genera were found. Phytoplankton consists of Bacillariophyceae (Chaetoceros, Pinnularia, Synedra), Chlorophyceae (Closterium, Cosmarium, Staurastrum, Oocytis, Scenedesmus, Pediastrum), Cyanophyceae (Microcystis, Tetraedron), and Euglenophyceae (Euglena). The phytoplankton diversity index by horizontal and vertical method, ranged from 1,494 - 1,717 categorized as moderate diversity index, equitability index ranged from 0.701 - 0.764 categorized as sufficient to almost even, and dominance index ranged from 0,238 – 0283, categorized as no predominance of certain genera in Danau Sunter Selatan. The saprobic index or water pollution at each station ranged from 0,066 – 0,336, indicated that the waters of Danau Sunter Selatan, North Jakarta, are moderately polluted, which may be caused by garbage disposal from activities in the lake area.

 

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"Studi struktur komunitas ikan di Situ Salam Kampus Universitas Indonesia (UI) Depok, telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas ikan dengan mengacu pada komposisi, dominasi, kegelapan, dan keanekaragamannya. Sampel ikan diambil di empat titik yaitu Salam inlet, Salam midlet, zikon pond, dan Salam toko. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 10 spesies ikan ditemukan, yaitu Amphilopus citrinellus, Barbodes binotatus, Clarias batrachus, Channa striata, Oreochromis mossambicus, Oreochromis niloticus, Poecilia reticulata, Pterygoplichthys pardalis, Trichopodus pectoralis, dan Trichopodus trichopterus. Komposisi ikan tertinggi dari danau Salam adalah Pterygoplichthys pardalis itu Senyawa sekitar 54%. Outlet Salam memiliki total spesies tertinggi dengan 9 spesies. Zikon tambak adalah lokasi dengan indeks keanekaragaman tertinggi dengan nilai 1,34.

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A study of fish community structure at Situ Salam Kampus Universitas Indonesia (UI) Depok, has been conducted to know the structure community of fish with reference to composition, domination, eveness, and its diversity. Fish samples were taken at four spots that is Salam inlet, Salam midlet, zikon pond, and Salam outlet. Result of research showed that 10 species of fish were found, those are Amphilopus citrinellus, Barbodes binotatus, Clarias batrachus, Channa striata, Oreochromis mossambicus, Oreochromis niloticus, Poecilia reticulata, Pterygoplichthys pardalis, Trichopodus pectoralis, and Trichopodus trichopterus. Highest fishes composition of Salam lakes are Pterygoplichthys pardalis that compound about 54%. Salam outlet has highest species total with9 species. Zikon pond were the location with the highest diversity index with value1.34."

"Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a rather common oral disease, mainly affecting adults, occurring more often in women than in men. The etiopathogenesis is still unclear. The diagnosis may be cumbersome, even in the presence of a biopsy. In addition, there are several lesions that may resemble lichen planus (lichenoid lesions) both clinicallyand histopathologically. Treatment of OLP can only be symptomatic and usually consists of topical application of corticosteroids. The disease is characterized by remissions and exacerbations and may persist in some patients lifelong. There is an ongoing debate in the literature as whether OLP is a potentially malignant disease. Because of this uncertainty, annual follow-up is advised."

"Indonesian Journal of Dentistry 2006; Edisi Khusus KPPIKG XIV: 22-24Lichen planus is relatively common inflamatory disorder which may have cutaneous and/or mucosal manifestation. The maglinant potential of oral lichen planus is still debatable. Some authors are sceptical about the premaglinant nature of the disease, while other investigators have reporterd that maglinant transformation occur in 1-10% of the cases. The aim of this study is to report a case of erosive oral lichen planus which shows maglinant transformation on histopatologic examination. A man of 39 years old visited the Dental Departement of Kariadi's Hospital with pain symptom of palatum, buccal and gingival mucosa both side for 6 months. On the physical examination shows the white lesions with striae configuration and pain, red erosive area inside on the palatum extends to the buccal mucosa and the gingival. The suspect dignose is erosive lichen planus, but the histopathologic examination shows epidermoid carcinoma. lt is concluded that erosive oral lichen planus has the potential to transform into epidermoid carcinoma."

"Lichen selected in this research are Usnea blepharea Motyka taken from the mountain of Bawakaraeng Malino Gowa and Usnea flexuosa Tayl. from the mountain of Bambapuang Enrekang, South Sulawesi Province. This research was conducted to reveal the content of chemical compounds from the two species of the lichen on acetone extract as well as their bioactivity evaluation that include initial toxicity isolates on brine shrimp A. salina Leach lethality test, the cytotoxicity against P388 murine leukemia cells and anti-malarial activity against P. falciparum from pure compound. Isolation was carried out by utilising column chromatography using silica gel 60 stationary phase with eluent mixture of n-hexane and ethyl acetate in a gradient elution, followed by preparative thin layer chromatography and radial chromatography. Determination of molecular structure, by analyzing the UV-Vis spectral data, Infra Red, LC-MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 2D NMR include HMQC, HMBC, DEPT and COSY. The results of isolation of U. blepharea Motyka were obtained four compounds, namely a new bisxanton compound that is eumitrin M and 3 compounds have been found previously that are (-) - usnic acid, diffractaic acid and eumitrin A1. From U. flexuosa Tayl. were obtained a new phenolic compound, namely 2'-hydroxy-1'-(4-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-methyl-phenyl)-ethanon and one compound that has been known that (-) - usnic acid. The results of bioactivity tests against 3 isolates of U. blepharea Motyka and 3 isolates of U. flexuosa Tayl. were all active against the brine shrimp A. salina Leach with LC50 values : B1 = 165,84 µg/mL, B2 = 109,03 µg/mL, B3 = 130,50 µg/mL, F1 = 35,73 µg/mL, F2 = 11,08 µg/mL, F3 = 8,47 µg/mL, respectively. The results of isolation of compound eumitrin A1 was active against murine P388 cells with IC50 4,5µg/mL, while both diffractaic acid and 2'-hydroxy-1'-(4-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-methyl-phenyl) - ethanon were inactive against murine P388 cells with IC50 consecutive 17,5 µg/mL and 37,0 µg/mL. Anti-malarial activity against P. falciparum is owned by the compound eumitrin M with IC50 2.10-7M, while the (-)-usnic acid and diffractaic acid were not shown anti-malarial activity to P. falciparum.

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Lichen yang dipilih dalam penelitian ini adalah U. blepharea Motyka yang diambil dari gunung Bawakaraeng Malino Kabupaten Gowa dan U. flexuosa Tayl. dari gunung Bambapuang Kabupaten Enrekang Propinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengungkapkan kandungan senyawa kimia ekstrak aseton dari kedua lichen ini serta uji bioaktivitas yang meliputi uji awal toksisitas isolat dari ekstrak aseton terhadap larva udang A. salina Leach, uji sitotoksisitas terhadap sel leukemia murine P388 dan uji aktivitas anti malaria terhadap Plasmodium falciparum dari senyawa murni. Isolasi dilakukan dengan teknik kromatografi kolom menggunakan fasa diam silika gel 60 dengan eluen campuran n-heksana dan etil asetat secara gradien, dilanjutkan dengan kromatografi lapis tipis preparatif dan kromatografi radial. Penentuan struktur molekul dilakukan dengan menganalisis data spektrum UV-Vis, Infra Merah, LC-MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, NMR-2D meliputi HMQC, HMBC, DEPT dan COSY. Dari hasil isolasi terhadap U. blepharea Motyka diperoleh 4 senyawa, yaitu satu senyawa baru golongan bisxanton yaitu eumitrin M dan 3 senyawa yang telah ditemukan sebelumnya yaitu (-) - asam usnat, eumitrin A1 dan asam difraktat. Dari U. flexuosa Tayl. diperoleh satu senyawa baru, yaitu 2?-hidroksi-1?-(4-hidroksi-5-metoksi-2-metil-fenil)-etanon dan satu senyawa yang telah diketahui yaitu (-) - asam usnat. Dari hasil uji bioaktivitas terhadap 3 isolat U. blepharea Motyka dan 3 isolat U. flexuosa Tayl. semuanya aktif terhadap larva udang A. salina Leach dengan nilai LC50 berturut-turut : B1 = 165,84 µg/mL, B2 = 109,03 µg/mL, B3 = 130,50 µg/mL, F1 = 35,73 µg/mL, F2 = 11,08 µg/mL, F3 = 8,47 µg/mL. Hasil isolasi yaitu senyawa eumitrin A1 mempunyai potensi aktif terhadap sel murine P388 dengan nilai IC50 4,5 µg/mL sedangkan asam difraktat dan 2´-hidroksi-1´-(4-hidroksi-5-metoksi-2-metil-fenil)-etanon keduanya tidak aktif terhadap sel murine P388 dengan IC50 berturut-turut 17,5 µg/mL dan 37,0 µg/mL. Aktivitas anti malaria terhadap P. falciparum dimiliki oleh senyawa eumitrin M dengan nilai IC50 2.10-7 M, sedangkan senyawa asam usnat dan asam difraktat tidak menunjukkan aktivitas anti malaria terhadap P. falciparum."