Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Indonesia dikenal sebagai salah satu negara yang memiliki keanekaragaman hayati tertinggi di dunia. Walaupun Indonesia sudah meratifikasi Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species 1973 (CITES), tetapi Indonesia belum mengimplementasikan aturan-aturan CITES secara optimal. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan masih banyaknya penyelundupan satwa di Indonesia, salah satunya adalah kasus dengan Putusan Nomor: 496 /Pid.Sus/2014/PN.Dps. yang akan dibahas dalam tesis ini. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan sering terjadinya kasus penyelundupan satwa di Indonesia, mengkaji langkah-langkah yang sebaiknya diambil Indonesia dalam mencegah terjadinya kembali kasus penyelundupan satwa yang dilindungi oleh CITES, dan menganalisis tindakan suatu negara ketika satwa hasil penyelundupan masuk ke negaranya. Faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya penyelundupan satwa secara besar dikarenakan oleh faktor ekonomi dan ketidaktahuan masyarakat mengenai satwa yang dilindungi. Salah satu langkah yang tepat untuk mencegah terjadinya penyelundupan satwa adalah mengadakan sosialisasi dan penyuluhan kepada masyarakat mengenai pentingnya perlindungan satwa yang ada di Indonesia serta dampak yang ditimbulkan.

---

Indonesia is known as one of many countries which has the highest biodiversity in the world. Although Indonesia has ratified the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species in 1973 (CITES), but Indonesia does not implement CITES rules optimally. This is evidenced by wildlife smuggling in Indonesia, one of many cases is the case with Decision No. 496 /Pid.Sus/2014/PN.Dps. which will be discussed in this thesis. The aims of this study are to analyze the factors that cause frequent occurrence of smuggling cases of wildlife in Indonesia, review the steps that should be taken by Indonesia to prevent the recurrence of smuggling cases of protected species by CITES, and analyze the actions of countries when those animals entry to country. Factors that cause wildlife smuggling is an economic factor and the ignorance of the public regarding the protected animals. One of the appropriate measures to prevent the wildlife smuggling is the socialization and education to the public about the importance of wildlife protection in Indonesia and its impact."

"Skripsi ini menganalisis implementasi dari Otoritas Manajemen di Indonesia berdasarkan ketentuan hukum dari Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) . Thesis ini akan membahas implementasi penegakan hukum akan perdagangan hewan langka dari segi international, regional, yang pada akhirnya mengerucut ke implementasinya di tingkat nasional di Indonesia. Penulis menemukan bahwa adanya ketentuan yang memberikan dua instansi negara menyebabkan susahnya isu perdagangan ilegal hewan langka ditegakkan. Penulis percaya bahwa dengan adanya kerjasama regional dan penggunaan sumberdaya dari ASEAN Wildlife Enforcement Network, perdagangan hewan liar dapat dikontrol hingga dapat menjadi pendapatan stabil untuk negara.

---

This research shall analyze the implementation of the Management Authority in Indonesia as based on the legal instructions of the Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). It shall discuss the implementation wildlife trade enforcement stage-by-stage from an international platform, a regional co-operation platform and finally leading into its implementation at a national level in Indonesia. Through the writing process, the writer has found that from a legal perspective, other then Indonesias lack of capacity to address this problem, endangered wildlife trade enforcement has been unable to reach its optimal level due to the overlaying laws which give authority to more than one state institution to excercise this right. Though such distribution of power is allowed by the CITES, Indonesia still needs to develop an optimal effort to address illegal endangered wildlife trade. The writer believes that this can be done by Indonesia through utilizing the resources of the regional wildlife enforcement, ASEAN Wildlife Enforcement Network, thus making endangered wildlife species trade a viable asset for the country."

"ABSTRAKTerbentuknya perjanjian ekstradisi dan bantuan timbal balik dalam masalah pidana antara Pemerintah Republik Indonesia dengan negara-negara lain merupakan upaya strategis dalam rangka meningkatkan kerjasama di bidang penegakan hukum dan pelaksanaan peradilan. Dengan terbentuknya perjanjian ekstradisi tersebut maka para pelaku tindak pidana yang sedang dicari dan melarikan diri keluar negeri tidak dapat lolos dengan mudah dari tuntutan hukum. Walaupun masalah ekstradisi pada dasarnya dipandang sebagai bagian dari hukum internasional, tetapi pembahasannya tidak mungkin hanya ditekankan pada segi hukum internasional saja. Banyak hal yang tidak diatur lebih jauh dalam perjanjian-perjanjian ekstradisi, terutama jika masalahnya merupakan masalah dalam negeri dari masing-masing negara. Tesis ini membahas mengenai Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Penyelundupan Manusia Lintas Negara Melalui Perjanjian Ekstradisi dan Bantuan Timbal Balik Dalam Masalah Pidana. Penelitian ini bersifat yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat beberapa kendala dalam praktik pelaksanaan penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku tindak pidana penyelundupan manusia lintas negara berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1979 dan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2006. Penelitian ini juga menjelaskan secara rinci kendala apa saja yang dihadapi dan bagaimana cara mengatasi kendala-kendala tersebut.

---

ABSTRACT

The establishment of extradition agreements and mutual assistance in criminal matters between the Government of the Republic of Indonesia and other countries is a strategic effort in the framework of increasing cooperation in the field of law enforcement and the implementation of justice. With the formation of extradition agreements and mutual assistance in criminal matters, the perpetrators of crimes that are being sought and fleeing abroad cannot escape easily from lawsuits. Although the problem of extradition is basically seen as part of international law, the discussion cannot be emphasized only in terms of international law. Many things are not further regulated in extradition agreements and mutual assistance, especially if the problem is a domestic problem from each country. This thesis discusses Law Enforcement Against Actors of Transnational People Smuggling through Extradition Agreements and Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters. This research is normative juridical. The results of the study concluded that there were several obstacles in the practice of law enforcement against perpetrators of transnational people trafficking crimes based on Law No. 1 of 1979 and Law No. 1 of 2006. The study also explained in detail what obstacles were faced and how to overcome these obstacles.

 

 

"

"Perdagangan satwa liar yang tidak dilindungi di Indonesia menunjukkanpeningkatan yang semakin marak beberapa tahun belakangan, baik secara langsungmaupun melalui dunia maya. Kenyataan bahwa banyak dari praktik perdagangantersebut yang tidak sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlakumenunjukkan bahwa terdapat ketidakjelasan penegakan hukum dalam perdagangansatwa liar yang tidak dilindungi di Indonesia. Perdagangan satwa liar yang tidakdilindungi di Indonesia harus diatur dengan jelas dan rinci dalam peraturanperundang-undangan sehingga dapat mendorong penegakan hukum yang tepat dansesuai. Oleh karena itu, penulis memandang perlu meninjau kembali pengaturan,penerapan dan penegakan hukum terhadap perdagangan satwa liar yang tidakdilindungi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode yuridis-normatifmelalui studi kepustakaan dan wawancara kepada beberapa narasumber. Hasilpenelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan dan penegakan hukum dalamperdagangan satwa liar yang tidak dilindungi di Indonesia sampai saat ini tidakberjalan sesuai peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Pada akhir penelitian,penulis memberi saran kepada pemerintah untuk meningkatkan pengawasanterhadap perdagangan satwa liar yang tidak dilindungi di Indonesia sertamempertimbangkan insentif, disinsentif, maupun sanksi administratif dan pidanasebagai bentuk- bentuk pilihan penegakan hukum dalam pengaturan perdagangansatwa liar yang tidak dilindungi di Indonesia.

---

The unprotected wildlife trade in Indonesia has shown an increasing trend in recent

years, both directly and through cyberspace. The fact that many of these trading

practices are not in accordance with the prevailing laws and regulations shows that

there is a lack of clarity in the law enforcement of the unprotected wildlife trade in

Indonesia. The unprotected wildlife trade in Indonesia must be regulated clearly

and in detail in the laws and regulations so as to stimulate accurate and appropriate

law enforcement. Therefore, the author consider it is necessary to review the

regulation, implementation, and the law enforcement of the unprotected wildlife

trade in Indonesia. This research was conducted using legal-normative method

through literature study and interviews with several experts. The result of this study

indicate that the implementation and the law enforcement in the unprotected

wildlife trade in Indonesia has not been conducted according to the prevailing laws

and regulations. At the end of the thesis, the author recommend the government to

increase the supervision of the unprotected wildlife trade in Indonesia and to

consider incentive, disincentive, as well as administrative and criminal sanctions

as the forms of law enforcement options in the unprotected wildlife trade regulation

in Indonesia"

"Negara Indonesia sampai saat ini masih tergolong sebagai negara berkembang, suatu istilah untuk menyebut negara yang belum maju. Oleh sebab itu, pembangunan di segala bidang masih terus dilakukan sampai sekarang. Masa pembangunan itu sendiri identik dengan masa perubahan ke tingkat yang lebih tinggi, yang meliputi bidang sosial, politik, ekonomi dan kebudayaan. Sedangkan dalam mewujudkan pembangunan itu sendiri tidak dapat lepas dari sumber dana untuk pembiayaannya. Pada masa yang lalu, sumber keuangan negara tersebut dapat tercukupi dengan mengandalkan sumber dana dari sektor minyak dan gas bumi. Hal ini dapat dilihat bahwa pada tahun 1985-1986, sumber devisa negara dari sektor minyak dan gas bumi masih berkisar pada angka kurang lebih 70%. Akan tetapi, keadaan dunia internasional pada waktu itu tidak begitu menguntungkan perekonomian Indonesia yang masih sangat tergantung dari sektor minyak dan gas bumi tersebut. Hal ini disebabkan beberapa penghasil minyak dan gas bumi di Timur Tengah terlibat dalam peperangan, sehingga banyak membutuhkan biaya untuk keperluan angkatan perangnya. Cara termudah adalah dengan memompa minyak sebanyak-banyaknya, sehingga persediaan minyak di pasaran dunia menjadi melimpah. Persediaan minyak yang membawa dampak merosotnya harga minyak secara tajam, bahkan mencapai tingkat yang serendah-rendahnya , yaitu US $8 per barel dari harga patokan US$18 per barel."

"[ABSTRAKIndonesia merupakan negara dengan kekayaan alamnya yang tinggi. Tercatat bahwa negara Indonesia memiliki 10-20% dari jenis tumbuhan dan satwa yang ada di dunia. Namun dewasa ini keberadaan sumber daya alam hayati dan ekosistem di Indonesia sedang terancam. Terancamnya kehidupan mereka disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor salah satunya adalah maraknya perdagangan satwa liar khususnya untuk satwa liar yang dilindungi di Indonesia. Kegiatan perdagangan satwa yang dilindungi merupakan tindak pidana menurut undang-undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1990 tentang Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistemnya. Terlebih lagi, Indonesia telah meratifikasi Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) pada tahun 1978 melalui Keputusan Presiden No. 43 tahun 1978, yang pada intinya Konvensi ini memberikan mekanisme internasional untuk mengatur perdagangan satwa liar. CITES mengatur dan mengawasi perdagangan dengan menggunakan ?daftar negatif? seperti perdagangan semua spesies yang diperbolehkan dan tidak diatur kecuali spesies tersebut muncul di appendiks. Skripsi ini mengambil studi kasus perdagangan burung Kakatua Kecil Jambul Kuning (Cacatua sulphurea) sebagai satwa yang dilindungi. Burung ini termasuk satwa yang dilindungi dan juga termasuk dalam Appendiks I CITES. Oleh karena itu baik perdagangan dalam negeri dan untuk tujuan ekspor adalah dilarang kecuali untuk tujuan non-komersil. Namun hingga saat ini perdagangan burung Kakatua Kecil Jambul Kuning masih dapat ditemukan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penegakan hukum terhadap perdagangan satwa liar sebagaimana diatur dalam UU No.5 Tahun 1990 belum dapat dilakukan secara optimal. Hal ini dapat terjadi karena masih banyak para penegak hukum yang belum memahami secara penuh ancaman terhadap keanekaragaman hayati ketika banyak terjadi perdagangan illegal satwa liar yang dilindungi. Sehingga diperlukan perbaikan di semua faktor yang mempengaruhi penegakan hukum terhadap tindak pidana perdagangan tersebut.ABSTRACTIndonesia is a high biodiversity country. Indonesia has 10-20% of plant and animal species that exist in the world. But today the existence of natural resources and ecosystems in Indonesia are being threatened. Endangerment of their lives caused by several factors, one of which is the illegal wildlife trade, especially for the wildlife in Indonesia. Trading protected species is a crimes according to the law No. 5 of 1990 on Conservation of Natural Resources and Ecosystems. Moreover, Indonesia has ratified the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) in 1978 through Presidential Decree No. 43 in 1978. CITES provides an international mechanism for governing wildlife trading by using the "negative list" such as trade of all species are allowed and are not regulated unless these species appear in the appendix. This thesis will take case study of illegal trade Small Yellow-crested Cockatoo Bird (Cacatua sulphurea) as one of the protected animals. Cacatua sulphurea is protected animals according to the law No. 7 of 1999 on Preservation of Plants and Animals and also included in Appendix I of CITES. Therefore both domestic and for export purposes is prohibited except for non-commercial purposes. But until now the trade Small Yellow-crested cockatoo birds can still be found. This shows that law enforcement against illegal wildlife trade as stipulated in Law No. 5 of 1990 can not be performed optimally. This can happen because the law enforcers are still many who do not fully understand the threats to biodiversity as prevalent crime of trafficking in protected wildlife. So that the necessary improvement in all factors that affect law enforcement against criminal acts such trade.;Indonesia is a high biodiversity country. Indonesia has 10-20% of plant and animal species that exist in the world. But today the existence of natural resources and ecosystems in Indonesia are being threatened. Endangerment of their lives caused by several factors, one of which is the illegal wildlife trade, especially for the wildlife in Indonesia. Trading protected species is a crimes according to the law No. 5 of 1990 on Conservation of Natural Resources and Ecosystems. Moreover, Indonesia has ratified the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) in 1978 through Presidential Decree No. 43 in 1978. CITES provides an international mechanism for governing wildlife trading by using the "negative list" such as trade of all species are allowed and are not regulated unless these species appear in the appendix. This thesis will take case study of illegal trade Small Yellow-crested Cockatoo Bird (Cacatua sulphurea) as one of the protected animals. Cacatua sulphurea is protected animals according to the law No. 7 of 1999 on Preservation of Plants and Animals and also included in Appendix I of CITES. Therefore both domestic and for export purposes is prohibited except for non-commercial purposes. But until now the trade Small Yellow-crested cockatoo birds can still be found. This shows that law enforcement against illegal wildlife trade as stipulated in Law No. 5 of 1990 can not be performed optimally. This can happen because the law enforcers are still many who do not fully understand the threats to biodiversity as prevalent crime of trafficking in protected wildlife. So that the necessary improvement in all factors that affect law enforcement against criminal acts such trade.;Indonesia is a high biodiversity country. Indonesia has 10-20% of plant and animal species that exist in the world. But today the existence of natural resources and ecosystems in Indonesia are being threatened. Endangerment of their lives caused by several factors, one of which is the illegal wildlife trade, especially for the wildlife in Indonesia. Trading protected species is a crimes according to the law No. 5 of 1990 on Conservation of Natural Resources and Ecosystems. Moreover, Indonesia has ratified the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) in 1978 through Presidential Decree No. 43 in 1978. CITES provides an international mechanism for governing wildlife trading by using the "negative list" such as trade of all species are allowed and are not regulated unless these species appear in the appendix. This thesis will take case study of illegal trade Small Yellow-crested Cockatoo Bird (Cacatua sulphurea) as one of the protected animals. Cacatua sulphurea is protected animals according to the law No. 7 of 1999 on Preservation of Plants and Animals and also included in Appendix I of CITES. Therefore both domestic and for export purposes is prohibited except for non-commercial purposes. But until now the trade Small Yellow-crested cockatoo birds can still be found. This shows that law enforcement against illegal wildlife trade as stipulated in Law No. 5 of 1990 can not be performed optimally. This can happen because the law enforcers are still many who do not fully understand the threats to biodiversity as prevalent crime of trafficking in protected wildlife. So that the necessary improvement in all factors that affect law enforcement against criminal acts such trade., Indonesia is a high biodiversity country. Indonesia has 10-20% of plant and animal species that exist in the world. But today the existence of natural resources and ecosystems in Indonesia are being threatened. Endangerment of their lives caused by several factors, one of which is the illegal wildlife trade, especially for the wildlife in Indonesia. Trading protected species is a crimes according to the law No. 5 of 1990 on Conservation of Natural Resources and Ecosystems. Moreover, Indonesia has ratified the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) in 1978 through Presidential Decree No. 43 in 1978. CITES provides an international mechanism for governing wildlife trading by using the "negative list" such as trade of all species are allowed and are not regulated unless these species appear in the appendix. This thesis will take case study of illegal trade Small Yellow-crested Cockatoo Bird (Cacatua sulphurea) as one of the protected animals. Cacatua sulphurea is protected animals according to the law No. 7 of 1999 on Preservation of Plants and Animals and also included in Appendix I of CITES. Therefore both domestic and for export purposes is prohibited except for non-commercial purposes. But until now the trade Small Yellow-crested cockatoo birds can still be found. This shows that law enforcement against illegal wildlife trade as stipulated in Law No. 5 of 1990 can not be performed optimally. This can happen because the law enforcers are still many who do not fully understand the threats to biodiversity as prevalent crime of trafficking in protected wildlife. So that the necessary improvement in all factors that affect law enforcement against criminal acts such trade.]"

"Perdagangan satwa liar yang dilindungi di DKI Jakarta merupakan bentuk dari wildlife crime yang akan berdampak pada manusia itu sendiri. Meskipun upaya penanganan telah dilakukan, namun pada kenyataannya kejahatan tersebut masih marak terjadi. Menggunakan pendekatan routine activity theory yang memiliki kerangka analisis segitiga kejahatan (crime triangle analysis) dapat menjelaskan mengapa penanganan kejahatan telah gagal untuk diterapkan, dengan melakukan peninjauan terhadap kinerja aktor pengendali (guardian, handler, manager). Hasil dari peninjauan tersebut menjelaskan bahwa kegagalan disebabkan oleh rendahnya komitmen dan kemampuan dari aktor pengendali kejahatan. Kemudian, kegagalan tersebut dapat ditangani dengan menghadiran super controllers atau elemen yang dapat mempengaruhi kinerja aktor pengendali kejahatan. Terkait bentuk pengaruhnya terhadap aktor pengendali, super controller terbagi menjadi sepuluh tipe yang dikelompokan dalam tiga kategori besar. Maka dari itu, penulisan ini diakhiri dengan pembahasan tentang implikasi pentingnya meninjau pemilihan tipe super controller yang akan digunakan dalam suatu penanganan kejahatan.

---

The trade of protected wildlife in DKI Jakarta is a form of wildlife crime which will have an impact on humans themselves. Even though efforts have been made to deal with it, in reality these crimes are still often occur. Using a routine activity theory approach that has a crime triangle analysis framework can explain why crime handling has failed to be implemented by conducting a review of the performance of controlling actors (guardian, handler, manager). The results of the review explained that the failure was caused by the low commitment and ability of the crime controlling actors. Then, these failures can be handled by introducing super controllers or elements that can affect the performance of the controlling crime actor. Regarding the shape of its influence on controlling actors, super controllers are divided into ten types which are grouped into three broad categories. Therefore, this thesis ends with a discussion of the implications of the importance of reviewing the selection of the type of super controller that will be used in a crime handling"

"Penelitian ini membahas peran Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan dalam upaya untuk menggurangi perdagangan ilegal. Permasalahan pelaksanaan kebijakan UU No.5 Tahun 1990 yang tidak jalan karena ringannya hukum di berlakukan serta pengawasasan oleh polhut yang tidak efektif karena terbatasnya SDM Polhut. Penelitian ini Post-positivis yang mengkaitkan hasil penelitiannya dengan teori Bell dan McGillivary peran pemerintah sebagai Administrative Regulation, Anticipatory Continuing Controls, Planning Prevention, dan Protecting Nature. Dari keempat dimensi belum berjalan dengan baik karena masih ada kendala dan kebijakan dasar sedang direvisi maka pemerintah menerapkan sistem multidoor untuk memberatkan sanksi yang diberikan dan bekerjasama dengan MMP, penyidik PNS, WCS dan WWF.Kata Kunci: Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan, Peran Pemerintah, Perdagangan, ilegal satwa liar.

---

This undergraduate thesis discussesd the role of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry from the efforts made in tackling illegal trade in protected wildlife. The problem is implementation policy of law No.5 of 1990 not appropriate with procedure as casually given minor offences, monitoring is also less effective due to a number of forest ranger in addition. This Post positivis research which related result of the research and theory of Bell and McGillivary on the role of the Government as the Administrative Regulation, Anticipatory Continuing Controls, Planning Prevention and Protecting Nature. The four dimenstion are not well on of this research that Law is being revised so the government implements multidoor system to burden the sanction and cooperate with MMP, PPNS, WCS, WWF."

"ABSTRAKSalah satu barang yang dilarang untuk diekspor dari Indonesia dalam perdagangan internasional adalah benih lobster. Hal ini dilakukan untuk menjaga jumlah lobster yang ada di laut Indonesia serta menjamin kebutuhan bahan baku bagi industri lobster dewasa. Adanya larangan ini membuat terjadinya penyelundupan benih lobster ke luar negeri. Di balik kasus-kasus penyelundupan benih lobster yang terjadi ditemukan adanya jaringan perdagangan ilegal benih lobster. Dalam tulisan ini kasus perdagangan ilegal benih lobster dianalisis menggunakan 10 kategori modus operandi oleh L. W. Artcherly, yaitu classword, entry, means, object, time, style, tale, pal, transport, dan trademark, untuk menggambarkan modus operandi yang dilakukan oleh pelaku. Selain itu, kategori pals juga dapat menjelaskan pelaku-pelaku yang terlibat serta karakteristik dan perannya dalam perdagangan ilegal benih lobster. Sehingga dapat digambarkan keterlibatan jaringan transnational organized crime dalam perdagangan ilegal ini.ABSTRACTOne item that is prohibited from being exported from Indonesia in international trade is baby lobster. It is done to maintain the number of lobsters that exist in the Indonesian sea and ensure the raw material needs for the adult lobster industry. This prohibition makes the smuggling of baby lobster exists. Behind the cases of baby lobster smuggling is found the networks of baby lobster trafficking. In this paper the cases of baby lobster trafficking are analyzed using 10 categories of modus operandi by L. W. Artcherly, which are classword, entry, means, object, time, style, tale, pal, transport, and trademark, to describe the modus operandi of the perpetrator. In addition, the category pals can also explain the actors involvement, their characteristics and roles in the baby lobster trafficking. So that it can be described the involvement of the transnational organized crime network in this illegal trade."