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"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Kebocoran mikro tumpatan resin komposit dengan dentin seringkali diakibatkan kerusakan serat kolagen dentin pada lapisan hybrid. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh larutan ekstrak biji anggur (EBA) sebagai bahan biomodifikasi dentin untuk mencegah kebocoran mikro antara resin komposit dan dentin.Metode: 52 spesimen dentin dibagi 2 kelompok. Kelompok 1 aplikasi larutan EBA selama 30 detik setelah etsa. Kelompok 2 sebagai kontrol. Analisis data dengan uji Mann-Whitney.Hasil: Kebocoran mikro kelompok larutan EBA lebih besar secara statistik berbeda bermakna dengan kontrol.Kesimpulan: Aplikasi larutan EBA setelah pengaplikasian etsa dapat meningkatkan kebocoran mikro antara tumpatan resin komposit dengan dentin.

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ABSTRACT

Background : Microleakage of composite resin and dentin frequently caused by breakdown of collagen matrix at hybrid layer. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence grape seed extract (GSE) solution as dentin biomodification against microleakage between composite resin and dentin.

Method : 52 dentin specimen divided into 2 groups. Groups 1 application GSE solution for 30 second after etching. Group 2 as control group.

Result : GSE solution group significantly increase microleakage between composite resin and dentin compare to control group.

Conclusion : Application of GSE solution after ethcing can increase microleakage between composite resin and dentin."

"ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Ketahanan ikatan antara resin komposit dengan dentin merupakan penentu keberhasilan restorasi resin komposit.Tujuan: Menganalisis EBA terhadap kekuatan ikat resin-dentin.Metode: 48 sampel dentin dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok. Kemudianseluruh kelompok di ukur kekuatan ikat gesernya menggunakan UTM.Data dianalisa statistik dengan uji hipotesis Kruskal Wallis yangdilanjutkan dengan uji Mann Whitney. Hasil: Median tertinggikelompok 3, sedangkan median terendah kelompok 5. Kesimpulan:Ekstrak biji anggur yang diaplikasikan sebelum etsa dapatmeningkatkan kekuatan ikat gesek namun tidak dapat menghambatbiodegradasinya.ABSTRACT Background: Resilience of resin-dentin bonding known as one ofsuccess composite resin restoration determinants. Aim: To analyze theeffect of grape seed extract on resin-dentin shear bond strength.Methods: 48 dentin sample were divided into 6 groups. Shear bondstrengths measured using UTM. Statistical analysis was done byKruskal Wallis test and Mann Whitney test. Results: The highestmedian value was highest on group 3, and the lowest was group 5.Conclusion: Grape seed extract can improve the shear bond strengthbut not have effect on reducing the biodegradation.;Background: Resilience of resin-dentin bonding known as one ofsuccess composite resin restoration determinants. Aim: To analyze theeffect of grape seed extract on resin-dentin shear bond strength.Methods: 48 dentin sample were divided into 6 groups. Shear bondstrengths measured using UTM. Statistical analysis was done byKruskal Wallis test and Mann Whitney test. Results: The highestmedian value was highest on group 3, and the lowest was group 5.Conclusion: Grape seed extract can improve the shear bond strengthbut not have effect on reducing the biodegradation."

"Latar Belakang: Ekstrak Biji Anggur EBA mengandung proanthosianidin PA yang berperan sebagai pengikat silang kolagen yang menentukan sifat mekanis dentin. Tujuan: menganalisis pengaruh EBA dengan kadar PA 2 9 terhadap kekerasan mikro dentin saluran akar. Metode: 50 gigi dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok yang direndam larutan EBA larutan NaOCl 3 dan aquabides Dilakukan pengukuran nilai kekerasan mikro metode Vickers Analisis data menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis. Hasil: Nilai kekerasan mikro tertinggi pada kelompok EBA dan terendah kelompok NaOCl 3 Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna nilai kekerasan mikro kelompok EBA 2 9 dan aquabides p 0 05. Kesimpulan: Larutan EBA dapat mempertahankan kekerasan mikro dentin saluran akar.

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Background: Grape Seed Extract GSE contains proanthosianidin PA as collagen cross linking agent that determine dentin mechanical properties.

Aim: To analyze GSE with 2 9 PA effect on root canal dentin microhardness.

Method: 50 teeth divided into 3 groups which immerse in GSE NaOCl 3 and aquabides Microhardness value measured with Vickers method Data analyze with Kruskal Wallis.

Result: The highest microhardness value on GSE group and the lowest on NaOCl group No significant difference in microhardness value of GSE group compared to aquabides group p 0 05.

Conclusion: GSE solution maintain microhardness value of root canal dentin."

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang : Ekstrak Biji AnggurEBA mengandung proantosianidin sebagai pengikat silang kolagen yang menentukan sifat mekanik dentin.Tujuan : Menganalisis pengaruh larutan EBA terhadap kekuatan lentur dentin saluran akar.Metode : 90 lempeng dentin saluran akar dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok direndam larutan EBA, NaOCl dan aquabides. Dilakukan uji kekuatan lentur dentin dengan Universal Testing Machine.Hasil : Kekuatan lentur tertinggi pada kelompok larutan EBA, terendah pada kelompok NaOCl. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok larutan EBA dan aquabides (p>0.05).Kesimpulan : Nilai kekuatan lentur dentin saluran akar pada larutan EBA lebih tinggi dibandingan dengan larutan NaOCl.

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ABSTRACT

Background : Grape Seed Extract (GSE) contains proanthocyanidin as collagen crosslinking which determines the mechanical properties of dentin.

Objective: To analyze the effect of the GSE solution to the flexural strength of root canal dentin.

Methods : 90 root canal dentin slabs were divided into 3 groups, immersed in GSE solution , NaOCl and aquabidest . Dentin flexural strength test measured by Universal Testing Machine.

Results : The highest flexural strength was found in GSE solution group , the lowest in the group of NaOCl . There were no significant differences between GSE groups and aquabidest group ( p > 0.05 ).

Conclusion : The value of flexural strength of root canal dentin found in GSE solution group was higher when compared with NaOCl solution."

"Kebocoran mikro resin komposit proksimal seringkali terjadi pada dinding gingiva. Tujuan studi ini mengevaluasi efek komposit flowable sebagai lapisan antara untuk mengurangi kebocoran mikro pada dinding ginigva. Metode: 30 gigi premolar RA dipreparasi berbentuk boks, restorasi dilakukan pada kelompok 1 dengan resin komposit packable saja (kontrol). Kelompok 2 dengan RK flowable sebagai lapisan antara, setebal 1 mm dan komposit packable di atasnya. Kelompok 3, seperti kelompok 2 namun RK flowable sebagai lapisan antara setebal 2 mm. Setelah dilakukan siklus termal, kebocoran mikro diukur dari penetrasi zat warna metilen biru 1%. Analisis statistik dengan uji Kolmogorov-smirnov. Hasil: Kebocoran mikro pada kelompok 1 berbeda bermakna dengan kelompok 2 dan 3. Namun tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada kelompok 2 dan 3 (p<0.05). Kesimpulan : Tingkat kebocoran mikro dinding gingiva paling sedikit pada restorasi RK proksimal dengan aplikasi RK flowable pengganti dentin setebal 1 mm namun, ketebalannya tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap tingkat kebocoran mikro secara statistik.

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Microleakage of composite restoration in proximal often occurs on gingival wall. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of flowable composite as intermediate layer to reduce microleakage on gingival wall. Materials and Method: Thirty whole-extracted upper premolars were devided into 3 groups. Within a box-like cavities, the first group is restored with packable composite only. Group 2 were restored with flowable composite with 1 mm thickness then restored with incrementally packable composite. Group 3 were restored like group two with flowable composite thickness were 2mm. After thermocycling, the penetration of 1% methylene blue was investigated along the gingival wall. The data were analyzed with Kolmogorov-smirnov test. Results: There were significant difference between group 1 with group 2 and 3. No significant difference found between Group 2 and Group 3. Conclusion: Flowable composite as intermediate layer has influence in reducing the microleakage of gingival wall on proximal composite restoration. Nonetheless the thickness of flowable composite has no influence."

"Latar Belakang: Penggunaan larutan irigasi dapat berkontribusi terhadap keberhasilan perawatan saluran akar, EBA mulai dikembangkan sebagai larutan irigasi Tujuan: menganalisis tingkat kebocoran pengisian saluran akar pada sepertiga apeks dengan siler berbasis resin. Metode: 66 gigi premolar bawah manusia, dibagi secara acak kedalam 3 kelompok: EBA 2,9%, NaOCl 2,625%, aquades. Dilakukan pengisian, diinkubasi sebelum dilapisi cat kuku, serta direndam kedalam tinta india. Dekalsifikasi dan transparansi dengan metode Robertson. Penetrasi tinta diukur dengan skala Panthamvonich. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna tingkat kebocoran EBA 2,9% dibandingkan antar kelompok. Kesimpulan: Larutan EBA 2,9% mampu menurunkan tingkat kebocoran sepertiga apeks pengisian saluran akar

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Background: Irrigation can contribute to the succes of root canal treatment, Grape seed extract developed as irrigation solution. Purpose: analyze apical third leakage of root canal filling. Methods: 66 mandibular human premolars, randomly divided into 3 groups, EBA 2.9%, NaOCl 2.625%, aquadest. Each group obturated using guttap and siler-based resin (37 0C for 24 hours). coated all of samples with nail polish, immersed into indian ink. Decalcified and transparency with Robertson’s method. Evaluated and measured with Panthamvonich’s scale. Results: There are significant differences grape seed extract leakage rate compared between groups. Conclusion: Grape seed extract solution 2.9% is able to reduce of apical third leakage of root canal filling"

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh durasi penyinaran dengan LED terhadap kebocoran tepi mikro restorasi resin komposit bulk-fill. Tiga puluh gigi premolar dipreparasi pada permukaan oklusal dengan panjang 4 mm, lebar 3 mm, dan kedalaman 4 mm yang disesuaikan dengan anatomi masing-masing gigi. Spesimen dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok secara acak berdasarkan durasi penyinaran 10 detik, 20 detik, dan 30 detik. Pengukuran kebocoran tepi mikro dilakukan menggunakan metode penetrasi zat warna, larutan methylene blue 1. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik Kruskal-Wallis. Hasil analisis tidak menunjukan perbedaan bermakna p>0,05 pada semua kelompok. Durasi penyinaran tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kebocoran tepi mikro restorasi resin komposit bulk-fill.

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This aims to evaluate the influence of different exposure time on its microleakage. Cavity preparation was perfomed on the occlusal side of thirty human premolar teeth with 4 mm length, 3 mm width, and 4 mm depth. Specimen were randomly divide into three groups according to exposure times 10s, 20s, and 30s. The microleakage was measured using 1 methylene blue. Data were statistically analyzed by Kruskal Wallis. The result showed insignificant differences in all groups p 0,05. Exposure times was not significantly affected the microleakage of bulk fill composite resin restoration. "

"Latar Belakang: Residu radikal bebas pasca perawatan internal bleaching dapat mengganggu proses polimerisasi resin komposit. Akibatnya, terjadi penurunan kekuatan ikatan restorasi. Antioksidan ekstrak teh hijau dapat digunakan untuk menghilangkan radikal bebas pasca bleaching dan meningkatkan shear bond strength resin komposit. Tujuan: mengetahui perbedaan shear bond strength resin komposit pada dentin pasca internal bleaching dengan dan tanpa aplikasi ekstrak teh hijau pada konsentrasi yang berbeda selama 2 menit. Metode: 25 gigi premolar, dipotong dalam arah mesiodistal, dan dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok: Kelompok 1 dentin normal, Kelompok 2 dentin pasca bleaching, Kelompok 3 dentin 2 minggu pasca bleaching, Kelompok 4  dentin pasca bleaching dengan teh hijau 10% 2 menit, dan Kelompok 5 dentin pasca bleaching dengan aplikasi teh hijau 35% 2 menit. Semua kelompok diaplikasikan restorasi resin komposit. Uji shear bond strength menggunakan Universal Testing Machine. Analisis statistik menggunakan one-way ANOVA dan Uji Post Hoc Bonferroni. Hasil: Uji Post Hoc Bonferroni menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok 1 dan 4, kelompok 2 dan 5, serta kelompok 4 dan 5. Kesimpulan: Aplikasi antioksidan ekstrak teh hijau 35% selama 2 menit lebih tinggi dalam meningkatkan shear bond strength resin komposit dibandingkan dengan aplikasi ekstrak teh hijau 10% selama 2 menit pada dentin pasca internal bleaching menggunakan hidrogen peroksida 35%.

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Introduction: Internal bleaching treatment could leave free radicals in the dentinal tubules. It can interfere with the polymerization process of the composite resin. Antioxidants from green tea extract can remove the free radicals after bleaching and increase the shear bond strength of composite resin.

Objective: To determine the shear bond strength of composite resin on dentin after internal bleaching with and without green tea extract application at different concentrations in 2 minutes.

Methods: 25 premolars were cut in mesiodistal direction and divided into five groups: Group 1 normal dentin, Group 2 bleached dentin, Group 3 bleached dentin, Group 4 10% green tea application in 2 minutes, and Group 5 35% green tea application in 2 minutes. All groups were restored with composite resin. All specimens' shear bond strength was tested with the Universal Testing Machine. The data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni Post Hoc Test.

Results: Post Hoc Bonferroni test showed that there were statistical differences  in groups 1 and 2, groups 1 and 4, groups 2 and 5, and groups 4 and 5.

Conclusion: 35% green tea extract is more effective than 10% green tea extract as an antioxidant for increasing the shear bond strength of composite resin after internal bleaching."

"Composite resin are restorative materials having color similar to teeth and have been widely used in dentistry. The successful application of composite resin influences the duration of the restoration in the oral cavity. The aim of this research is to describe the influence of artificial saliva contamination and the application of re-conditioning on tensile bond strength of composite resin to dentin. In the control group, the dentin were etched, bonding were applied and composite resin were restored on the dentin. In the group with artificial saliva contamination without re-conditioning, the dentin were etched, bonding were applied and then contaminated with artificial saliva, dried and then restired with composite resin. While the group with artificial saliva contamination with re-conditioning, the dentin were etched, bonding were applied and contaminated with artificial saliva, and then etched and applied bonding agent and restored composite resin.Bond strength test used “Universal testing machine, AG 5000. The results showed that highest value of tensile bond strength of composite resin to dentin was at the control group. It can be concluded that artificial saliva contamination decreased tensile bond strength while re-conditioning application increased it."

"Latar Belakang: Restorasi resin komposit masih memiliki kekurangan, yaitu terjadinya kebocoran mikro akibat kontraksi saat polimerisasi sehingga dapat menyebabkan kegagalan restorasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan tingkat kebocoran mikro dinding restorasi kelas I antara RK packable (RP) dan RK flowable dengan kandungan filer tinggi (RF). Metode: Kavitas kelas I dipreparasi pada tiga puluh dua gigi premolar kemudian dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Kelompok pertama ditumpat dengan RP, kelompok kedua dengan RF, keduanya ditumpat secara inkremental. Selanjutnya spesimen dilakukan uji thermocycling dan diikuti perendaman dalam biru metilen 1% selama 24 jam. Gigi kemudian dibelah bukolingual dan diamati menggunakan mikroskop stereo pembesaran 14x dan dinilai dalam skala ordinal (0-4). Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Hasil: Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara Kelompok RP dan RF (p=0,699). Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kebocoran mikro menggunakan RP maupun RF yang ditumpat secara inkremental. Namun secara substansi, RF menunjukkan kebocoran mikro lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan RP.

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Background: Composite resins undergo contraction during polymerization which may result in microleakage and leads to restoration failure. The purpose of this study is to analyze the microleakage of Class I restorations that were filled with packable composite (RP) and high filler flowable composite (RF) incrementally.

Methods: Standardized Class-I cavities were prepared on 32 extracted human premolars and randomly assigned into two groups. The first group were filled with RP and the second group were filled with RF. The specimens were subjected to thermocycling, followed by immersion in 1% methylene blue dye for 24 hours. The teeth were sectioned bucco-ligually and evaluated for microleakage under 14x magnification stereomicroscope and scored in ordinal scale (0-4). Statistical analysis was performed with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.

Results: There was no significant difference between group RP and RF (p=0.699).

Conclusion: There is no significance difference between microleakage by RP and RF. But substantially, RF provided less microleakage than RP."