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"[ABSTRAKSalah satu opsi manajemen risiko bagi perusahaan asuransi adalah denganmembagi atau mentransfer risiko yang ditanggungnya kepada perusahaanasuransi lain, yang disebut reasuransi. Konsep reasuransi ini memberikan banyakkeuntungan bagi perusahaan asuransi, sekaligus membebani perusahaan denganbiaya tertentu. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor yangmemengaruhi kebutuhan jasa reasuransi pada perusahaan asuransi di Indonesiadengan melihat aspek loss ratio, gearing ratio, tingkat debt to equity ratio,volatilitas biaya klaim, volatilitas hasil investasi, jenis organisasi, dan konsentrasilini pertanggungan perusahaan. Dari hasil penelitian kepada perusahaan asuransikerugian sebanyak 64 perusahaan dari tahun 2010-2013, dapat ditarik kesimpulanbahwa kebutuhan reasuransi: sebanding dengan tingkat loss ratio, volatilitas biayaklaim, gearing ratio, dan ukuran perusahaan; berbanding terbalik dengan DER;berbanding terbalik dengan derajat konsentrasi lini pertanggungan, dandipengaruhi oleh jenis organisasi perusahaan.

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ABSTRACTAn option for risk management in insurance company is to transfer or divide theirrisk to other insurance company, this called reinsurance. The concept ofreinsurance is very helpful for insurance company with some benefits, yet causessome expenses. This study aimed to analyze what factors influence the demand ofreinsurance in Indonesia by considering loss ratio, gearing ratio, debt to equityratio, claim cost volatility, investment return volatility, organizational form, andbusiness concentration. From the study of 64 insurance company in Indonesiaduring 2010 ? 2013, it can be concluded that the need of reinsurance is: in linewith degree of loss ratio, claim cost volatility, gearing ratio, and company?s asset;inversely with DER and business concentration; also influenced by organizationalform.;An option for risk management in insurance company is to transfer or divide theirrisk to other insurance company, this called reinsurance. The concept ofreinsurance is very helpful for insurance company with some benefits, yet causessome expenses. This study aimed to analyze what factors influence the demand ofreinsurance in Indonesia by considering loss ratio, gearing ratio, debt to equityratio, claim cost volatility, investment return volatility, organizational form, andbusiness concentration. From the study of 64 insurance company in Indonesiaduring 2010 ? 2013, it can be concluded that the need of reinsurance is: in linewith degree of loss ratio, claim cost volatility, gearing ratio, and company?s asset;inversely with DER and business concentration; also influenced by organizationalform.;An option for risk management in insurance company is to transfer or divide theirrisk to other insurance company, this called reinsurance. The concept ofreinsurance is very helpful for insurance company with some benefits, yet causessome expenses. This study aimed to analyze what factors influence the demand ofreinsurance in Indonesia by considering loss ratio, gearing ratio, debt to equityratio, claim cost volatility, investment return volatility, organizational form, andbusiness concentration. From the study of 64 insurance company in Indonesiaduring 2010 ? 2013, it can be concluded that the need of reinsurance is: in linewith degree of loss ratio, claim cost volatility, gearing ratio, and company?s asset;inversely with DER and business concentration; also influenced by organizationalform.;An option for risk management in insurance company is to transfer or divide theirrisk to other insurance company, this called reinsurance. The concept ofreinsurance is very helpful for insurance company with some benefits, yet causessome expenses. This study aimed to analyze what factors influence the demand ofreinsurance in Indonesia by considering loss ratio, gearing ratio, debt to equityratio, claim cost volatility, investment return volatility, organizational form, andbusiness concentration. From the study of 64 insurance company in Indonesiaduring 2010 ? 2013, it can be concluded that the need of reinsurance is: in linewith degree of loss ratio, claim cost volatility, gearing ratio, and company?s asset;inversely with DER and business concentration; also influenced by organizationalform.;An option for risk management in insurance company is to transfer or divide theirrisk to other insurance company, this called reinsurance. The concept ofreinsurance is very helpful for insurance company with some benefits, yet causessome expenses. This study aimed to analyze what factors influence the demand ofreinsurance in Indonesia by considering loss ratio, gearing ratio, debt to equityratio, claim cost volatility, investment return volatility, organizational form, andbusiness concentration. From the study of 64 insurance company in Indonesiaduring 2010 ? 2013, it can be concluded that the need of reinsurance is: in linewith degree of loss ratio, claim cost volatility, gearing ratio, and company?s asset;inversely with DER and business concentration; also influenced by organizationalform., An option for risk management in insurance company is to transfer or divide theirrisk to other insurance company, this called reinsurance. The concept ofreinsurance is very helpful for insurance company with some benefits, yet causessome expenses. This study aimed to analyze what factors influence the demand ofreinsurance in Indonesia by considering loss ratio, gearing ratio, debt to equityratio, claim cost volatility, investment return volatility, organizational form, andbusiness concentration. From the study of 64 insurance company in Indonesiaduring 2010 – 2013, it can be concluded that the need of reinsurance is: in linewith degree of loss ratio, claim cost volatility, gearing ratio, and company’s asset;inversely with DER and business concentration; also influenced by organizationalform.]"

"[ABSTRAKTesis ini membahas pengaruh piutang reasuransi terhadap risiko kredit reasuransi dan manajemen risiko perusahaan asuransi umum terbuka di Indonesia. Kemampuan reasuradur untuk memenuhi liabilitasnya merupakan faktor penting yang mempengaruhi risiko bawaan perusahaan asuransi umum karena hal ini terkait dengan piutang reasuransi dan risiko kredit reasuransi, yaitu risiko kerugian keuangan yang disebabkan pelanggan atau pihak lawan gagal memenuhi kewajiban kontraktualnya yang dalam hal ini berarti kegagalan reasuradur untuk membayar klaim pemulihan kembali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh piutang reasuransi terhadap risiko kredit reasuransi dan melihat program reasuransi yang dimiliki oleh perusahaan asuransi umum terbuka di Indonesia dengan uji hipotesis dan analisis regresi linier serta analisis kuadran pemetaan piutang reasuransi dan risiko kredit reasuransi. Penelitian ini juga melihat implikasi manajerial terkait pengendalian piutang reasuransi dan risiko kredit reasuransi perusahaan asuransi umum terbuka di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa piutang reasuransi berpengaruh terhadap risiko kredit reasuransi walaupun tidak secara signifikan. Secara keseluruhan terjadi peningkatan angka piutang reasuransi perusahaan asuransi umum terbuka di Indonesia di tahun 2013 jika dibandingkan dengan tahun 2012.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis discusses the effect of reinsurance receivables on reinsurance credit risk and risk management of the general insurance public listed company in Indonesia. Reinsurer's ability to meet its liabilities are important factors that affect the risk of congenital general insurance because it is associated with reinsurance receivables and reinsurance credit risk, i.e the risk of financial loss due to customers or counterparties fail to meet contractual obligations which in this case means the failure of reinsurers to pay recovery claims. This study aims to look at the effect of reinsurance receivables on reinsurance credit risk and the reinsurance program by the general insurance public listed company in Indonesia with hypothesis testing and regression analysis also quadrant mapping analysis of reinsurance receivables and reinsurance credit risk. This study also examines the managerial implications of reinsurance receivables and reinsurance credit risk of the general insurance public listed company in Indonesia. The results showed that the reinsurance receivables affect the reinsurance credit risk, although not significantly. Overall there is an increase in the numbers of reinsurance receivables in the general insurance public listed company in Indonesia at 2013 when compared to 2012.;This thesis discusses the effect of reinsurance receivables on reinsurance credit risk and risk management of the general insurance public listed company in Indonesia. Reinsurer's ability to meet its liabilities are important factors that affect the risk of congenital general insurance because it is associated with reinsurance receivables and reinsurance credit risk, i.e the risk of financial loss due to customers or counterparties fail to meet contractual obligations which in this case means the failure of reinsurers to pay recovery claims. This study aims to look at the effect of reinsurance receivables on reinsurance credit risk and the reinsurance program by the general insurance public listed company in Indonesia with hypothesis testing and regression analysis also quadrant mapping analysis of reinsurance receivables and reinsurance credit risk. This study also examines the managerial implications of reinsurance receivables and reinsurance credit risk of the general insurance public listed company in Indonesia. The results showed that the reinsurance receivables affect the reinsurance credit risk, although not significantly. Overall there is an increase in the numbers of reinsurance receivables in the general insurance public listed company in Indonesia at 2013 when compared to 2012., This thesis discusses the effect of reinsurance receivables on reinsurance credit risk and risk management of the general insurance public listed company in Indonesia. Reinsurer's ability to meet its liabilities are important factors that affect the risk of congenital general insurance because it is associated with reinsurance receivables and reinsurance credit risk, i.e the risk of financial loss due to customers or counterparties fail to meet contractual obligations which in this case means the failure of reinsurers to pay recovery claims. This study aims to look at the effect of reinsurance receivables on reinsurance credit risk and the reinsurance program by the general insurance public listed company in Indonesia with hypothesis testing and regression analysis also quadrant mapping analysis of reinsurance receivables and reinsurance credit risk. This study also examines the managerial implications of reinsurance receivables and reinsurance credit risk of the general insurance public listed company in Indonesia. The results showed that the reinsurance receivables affect the reinsurance credit risk, although not significantly. Overall there is an increase in the numbers of reinsurance receivables in the general insurance public listed company in Indonesia at 2013 when compared to 2012.]"

"Sebagaimana lembaga keuangan lainnya pengawasan terhadap perusahaan-perusahaan dalam industri asuransi sangat perlu dilakukan, alasan utama pengawasan tersebut adalah adanya fakta bahwa seluruh nilai (value) dari janji (Promise) yang dijual pada masyarakat oleh perusahaan asuransi terletak pada kondisi perusahaan di masa yang akan datang (Future Perfomance). Dengan pengertian lain kesanggupan perusahaan asuransi dalam memenuhi janjinya terletak pada bagaimana perusahaan menjaga kondisinya saat sekarang dan saat yang akan datang.Untuk melindungi masyarakat sebagai pengguna jasa asuransi dan dalam rangka pengawasan dan pembinaan industri asuransi pemerintah memberlakukan ketentuan-ketentuan tentang usaha penyelenggaraan usaha peransuransian, kesehatan keuangan perusahaan dan batas tingkat solvabilitas perusahaan. Ketentuan ini mengharuskan seluruh perusahaan asuransi dan Reasuransi menjaga tingkat solvabilitas atau aturan lain sebaik-baiknya.Dengan metode perhitungan Risk Based Capital (RBC) regulator mengawasi seluruh perusahaan asuransi dan Reasuransi dengan menentukan tingkat minimun solvabilitas yang harus dipenuhi yaitu sekurang-kurangnya 120 persen dari risiko kerugian yang mungkin timbul sebagai akibat dari deviasi pengelolaan kekayaan dan kewajiban. Deviasi tersebut meliputi :1. Kegagalan pengelolaan kekayaan.2. Ketidaksesuaian antara kekayaan dan kewajiban3. Ketidaksesuaian antara kekayaan dan kewajiban4. Perbedaan antara klaim yang terjadi dan beban beban yang diperkirakan.5. Ketidakcukupan premi akibat perbedaan antara hasil investasi yang diperkirakan dan yang terjadi) dan terakhir6. Ketidakmampuan reasuransi memenuhi kewajibanTidak terkecuali PT Reasuransi Internasional Indonesia sebagai satu dari empat Profesional dalam negeri mutlak memenuhi ketentuan yang dipersyaratkan. Dari perhitungan Risk Based Capital (RBC) yang dilakukan dalam penulisan ini, PT Reasuransi Internasional belum mencapai tingkat solvabilitas yang diwajibkan, oleh karenanya kerja keras dan keinginan untuk menaikkan tingkat solvabilitas dapat dilakukan melalui tindakan-tindakan efektif seperti revaluasi atas asset, utang-piutang atau cara lain dalam menaikkan tingkat solvabilitas. Penyampaian perhitungan tingkat solvabilitas dalam tulisan ini diharapkan bermanfaat membantu pembaca dalam memahami dan menghitung tingkat solvabilitas dengan metode Risk Based Capital (RBC)."

"Reasuransi merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam bisnis asuransi. Untuk mengelola bisnis, asuransi tidak hanya mengandalkan kapasitas sendiri, tetapi juga kapasitas tambahan yang diberikan oleh reasuransi. Sebagai parameter kesehatan finansial, OJK sebagai regulator mewajibkan asuransi untuk memiliki Reasuransi dalam negeri. Seperti kita ketahui, reasuransi dalam negeri di Indonesia tidak setinggi reasuransi asing. Bisnis asuransi akan selalu dikaitkan dengan reasuransi karena sifat asuransi yaitu spreading risk (dengan mengurangi risiko yang timbul dari klaim). Penelitian sebelumnya memberikan indikator bahwa kekuatan finansial akan mempengaruhi bagaimana perusahaan jasa mengelola bisnis dan profitabilitas mereka. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki secara empiris hubungan antara kekuatan finansial perusahaan dengan bisnis yang dijalankannya. Kekuatan finansial untuk bisnis reasuransi merupakan komponen terpenting karena karakteristik bisnisnya, business to business. RBC sebagai salah satu parameter perusahaan asuransi untuk memilih reasuransi. Jadi dengan komponen RBC asuransi dapat melihat bagaimana bisnis dan tata kelola reasuransi. Kerangka analisis didasarkan pada hubungan antara faktor modal berbasis risiko dalam reasuransi dengan efektivitas bisnis dan profitabilitas. Data selanjutnya akan diberikan oleh laporan tahunan perusahaan dengan total 5 reasuransi lokal di Indonesia yang diuji dengan model regresi. Penelitian akan menunjukkan bagaimana faktor Risk based capital mempengaruhi bisnis perusahaan reasuransi. Penelitian diharapkan dapat membantu industri untuk lebih memahami pentingnya kekuatan finansial perusahaan reasuransi meningkatkan pengetahuan penulis lebih dalam tentang pentingnya faktor RBC untuk bisnis reasuransi. Berbeda dengan asuransi, meskipun bisnis jasa, asuransi akan langsung ke konsumen, dan reasuransi akan merusak bisnis dari asuransi, sehingga akan menjadi karakteristik B2B. Selain layanan reasuransi, kekuatan finansial adalah salah satu parameter utama dari asuransi untuk memilih reasuransi.

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Reinsurance is one of important aspect from insurance business. To ruin their business, insurnaces don’t only rely on their capacity, but to their back up capacity behind them. For arising financial strength and intercalation to Indonesia’s GDP, OJK as regulatory has obligatory for insurance to ceded their insurance cession to domestic Reinsurance. As we know, domestic reinsurances in Indonesia don’t high as high foreign Reinsurance. So they will rely on their financial strenght to ruin their business due to lack of capacity. Insurance business would be always linked with reinsurace due to their requirements for spreading risk (by reduce the variability of the financial costs to insurance companies arising from the claims). The prior researches give indicator that financial strenght will affect how sevice company ruin their business and profitability making. This paper is aim to empirically inquire intercouse between financial strength of the company with their running business. Financial strenght for reinsurance business is the most important component due to their business characteristic, business to business. RBC as one of the parameter will be the one which impose the insurance company to lay their business. So with RBC’s component we could inquire how reinsurance’s business and profitability. The analysis framework is based on relationship between risk based capital’ factor in reinsurance with their business and profitability effectivity. Data will be provided secunderly by companies annual report with total 5 local reinsurance in Indonesia. And will be examined by regression model. The finding will indicate how Risk based capital’s factor involve business and profitability both for reinsurance company. The findings may help industry to better understand how financial power’ factor work for profitability. To improve authors’ deeper knowledge about the importance of risk based capital’ factor for reinsurance core business and profitability. Different from insurance, even though they are service business, insurance would be dirrect to the consumers, and reinsurance will ruin business from insurance, so they will be B2B characteristic. Beside the service of the reinsurance, financial strenght is one of the most parameter from insurance to prefer their account.

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"Tesis ini membahas bentuk tanggung jawab perusahaan reasuransi terhadap pihak tertanggung apabila penanggung tidak dapat melaksanakan kewajibannya kepada pihak tertanggung dan hubungan antara pihak tertanggung dengan pihak penanggung ulang yang diatur di dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif analitis. Hasil penelitian ini menyarankan agar cadangan teknis seperti yang dimaksud dalam Pasal 14 ayat (1) PP No. 73 Tahun 1992 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Usaha Perasuransian harus diperbesar lagi jumlahnya, sehingga hak tertanggung untuk menerima pembayaran klaim atas kerugian yang dideritanya dapat lebih terjamin.

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The focus of this study discusses about reinsurance company responsibility to the insured if the insurer fails to execute its obligations to the insured and the relationship between the insured with the reinsurer arranged in the Indonesian Civil Code. This research is qualitative research with descriptive analytic design.

The results of this study suggest that the technical reserved as referred to in Article 14 paragraph (1) Government Regulation Number 73 Year 1992 about Operation of Insurance Bussiness should be expanded further in number, so that the insured?s right to receive payment of claims for damages suffered can be more assured."

"ABSTRAKUntuk menekan kerugian sekecil mungkin, lazimnya perusahaan reasuransi akan mengambil suatu jumlah tertentu sebagai jaminan atas risiko yang ditanggung danjumlah ini disebut retensi. Metode batas retensi yang ditetapkan oleh perusahaan selama ini memberikan keamanan bagi perusahaan. Sesuai Surat Edaran Otoritas Jasa Keuangan nomor 31/SEOJK.05/2015 tentang Batas Retensi Sendiri, Besar Dukungan Reasuransi dan Laporan Program Reasuransi/Retrosesi, dijelaskan mengenai batas minimum dan maksimum retensi sendiri sesuai dengan lini usaha.Metode Pentikainen mencoba untuk menetapkan batas retensi terbaru untukperusahaan. Dengan batas retensi terbaru yang disimulasikan dengan bisnisretrosesi akan didapatkan hasil underwriting bersih. Peningkatan hasilunderwriting bersih dapat meningkatkan profit bagi perusahaan

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ABSTRACTIn order to minimize the loss as minimum as possible, a reinsurance company willusually take a certain amount as the security for the risk that covered. This amountis called retention. All this time the retention limit method which appointed by thecompany may provide a security value to the company. In accordance to SuratEdaran Otoritas Jasa Keuangan No 31/SEOJK.05/2015 concerning Limit OwnRetention, Reinsurance support and Reinsurance/Retrocession Program Reportexplain the minimum and maximum limit own retention according to businesslines. Pentikainen methods try to define latest retention limit for the company.When we use the latest retention limit simulated by the retrocession business, wewill get the net underwriting result. The increasing of the net underwriting resultcan make the company profit growing bigger;"

"ABSTRAKRisiko dan nilai pertanggungan dalam asuransi peluncuran satelit sangatbesar sehingga membutuhkan kapasitas asuransi yang besar pula untuk menutupirisiko tersebut. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan kapasitas asuransi adalahdengan mengatur retensi sendiri yang memadai dan meningkatkan dukunganreasuransi. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan pada tahun 2015 telah mengeluarkanketentuan terkait hal tersebut yaitu Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (POJK) No.14/POJK.05/2015 tentang Retensi Sendiri dan Dukungan Reasuransi DalamNegeri. Oleh karenanya, permasalahan yang akan diteliti dalam skripsi ini adalahbagaimana pengaturan retensi sendiri dan dukungan reasuransi untuk asuransipeluncuran satelit dalam POJK tersebut. Metode penelitian yang akan digunakandalam penelitian ini adalah metode yuridis normatif yaitu penelitian yangdilakukan terhadap hukum positif tertulis maupun tidak tertulis. Dalam POJKtersebut diatur bahwa dalam perusahaan asuransi wajib menerapkan batas retensisendiri dengan berdasarkan pada profil risiko dan kerugian (risk and loss profile)untuk setiap risiko dengan memperhatikan batas minimum dan maksimum retensiyang diatur dalam SEOJK. Sedangkan untuk dukungan reasuransi diatur bahwauntuk asuransi peluncuran satelit diwajibkan perusahaan asuransi mereasuransikansetiap risikonya kepada perusahaan reasuransi dalam negeri minimal Rp. 40 M.Dari penelitian yang dilakukan saran yang dapat diberikan adalah dalammenetapkan retensi sendiri perusahaan asuransi harus benar-benar memperhatikankemampuan sendiri karena apabila ditentukan terlalu besar dapat menyebabkankegoncangan, namun apabila ditetapkan terlalu kecil dapat menyebabkan tingkatsolvabilitas perusahaan asuransi tersebut menurun.

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ABSTRACTThe risk and value of insurance for the launch satellite insurance isintensively high, so it also needs big capacity to insure the risk. One of the waysto increase the insurance capacity is to maintain the own (sufficient) retention andto increase reinsurance. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (Financial Services Authority ofIndonesia) in 2015 made a regulation for that, called Otoritas Jasa KeuanganRegulation (Regulation of The Financial Services Authority) Number14/POJK.05/2015 concerning Own Retention and Reinsurance from LocalCompany. The issue to be studied in this thesis is how POJK regulates the ownretention and reinsurance for launch satellite insurance. The method used in thisresearch is normative juridical method which conducted on the written andunwritten positive law. That OJK Regulation regulates that insurance companyhas to apply the own retention based on the risk and loss profile for every risk byobserving the maximum and minimum own retention limit regulated by OJK.Meanwhile for the reinsurance, regulated that for launch satellite insurance,insurance company has to reinsure its risk to the local company for minimum 40billion rupiah. The suggestion from this research is that insurance company has todecide the own retention carefully. However, if the retention is too high, it canmake the company's finance shaking, but when the own retention is too low, it canmake the company solvencies descend."

"Perusahaan asuransi memiliki batasan dalam menanggung risiko, agar perusahaannya tetap stabil secara finansial. Akibatnya, perusahaan asuransi akan membagi risiko yang dihadapinya dengan melakukan sharing risiko ke reasuransi. Reasuransi dapat dibedakan dalam beberapa bentuk, yang salah satunya adalah stop-loss. Pada reasuransi stop-loss, perusahaan asuransi telah menetapkan suatu batas atas atau retensi yang dapat ditanggung oleh perusahaan. Apabila klaim yang terjadi melebihi retensi maka perusahaan asuransi hanya membayar sebesar retensi dan sisanya ditanggung oleh reasuransi. Namun, reasuransi pasti juga menetapkan suatu batasan dalam penerimaan risiko yang dialihkan oleh perusahaan asuransi. Melalui skripsi ini, dicari kontrak reasuransi yang memberikan suatu pernyataan mengenai seberapa besar loss yang dialihkan secara optimal ke reasuransi berbentuk stop-loss dengan memerhatikan suatu batas penerimaan risiko yang telah ditetapkan oleh reasuransi menggunakan ukuran risiko Tail Value at Risk (TVaR). Kontrak reasuransi stop-loss yang optimal tersebut kemudian akan diimplementasikan pada data klaim produk Panin Premier Maxilinked yang bersumber dari PT. Panin Dai-ichi Life Insurance. Didapatkan hasil bahwa penentuan kontrak reasuransi optimal bergantung pada batas penerimaan risiko yang ditetapkan reasuransi, tingkat kepercayaan, safety loading, dan hubungan di antara variabel-variabel tersebut.

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Insurance companies have limits on taking risk so that the company remains financially stable. As a result, the insurance company will share the risk with reinsurance. Reinsurance can be divided into several forms, one of them is a stop-loss. In stop-loss reinsurance, the insurance company has set an upper limit or retention that can be covered by the company. If the claim that occurs exceeds the retention, the insurance company only pays the amount of the retention and the rest is covered by the reinsurer. However, reinsurance also established a limit in the acceptance of the risk transferred by the insurance company. Through this study, look for a reinsurance contract that provides a statement regarding how much loss is optimally transferred to reinsurance in the form of stop-loss by observing a risk acceptance limit set by reinsurance using the Tail Value at Risk (TVaR) risk measure. The optimal stop-loss reinsurance contract will be implemented in the claim data Panin Premier Maxilinked products from PT. Panin Dai-ichi Life Insurance. The results show that the determination of the optimal reinsurance contract depends on the risk acceptance limit set by reinsurance, the confidence level, the safety loading, and the relationship between these variables."