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"Data pengaruh suhu terhadap reproduksi ikan rainbow boesemani (Melanotaenia boesemaniAllen & Cross) diperlukan untuk mendukung upaya optimalisasi budidaya ikan tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu air terhadap indeks gonad somatik (IGS) dan kenampakan histologi gonad ikan rainbow boesemani. Sebanyak 75 ekor ikan jantan dan 75 ekor ikan betinadibagi secara merata ke dalam 5 akuarium ikan jantan dan 5 akuarium ikan betina, kemudian dipelihara pada suhu berbeda, yaknitanpa pengaturan suhu air (kontrol), suhu air 260C, suhu air 280C,suhu air 300C, dansuhu air 320C, selama 30 hari. Rerata IGS tertinggi terdapat pada ikan yang dipelihara pada suhu 260C dengan nilai 1,43%(ikan jantan) dan 3,6%(ikan betina), sedangkan rerata IGSterendah terdapat pada ikan yang dipelihara pada suhu 320C dengan nilai 0,82% (ikan jantan) dan 1,33%(ikan betina). Rerata persentase spermatid/spermatozoa tertinggi terdapat pada ikan jantan yang dipelihara pada suhu 280C dengan nilai 23,1% sedangkan yang terendah terdapat pada ikan jantan yang dipelihara pada suhu 320C dengan nilai 18%. Rerata persentase oosit tahap V tertinggi terdapat pada ikan betina yang dipelihara pada suhu 260C dengan nilai 27,4% sedangkan yang terendah terdapat pada ikan betina yang dipelihara pada suhu 320C dengan nilai 10,6%.

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Information about the effect of water temperature on reproduction of boesemani rainbowfish (Melanotaenia boesemani Allen & Cross) is needed to support optimalization of its cultivation. This research was done to acknowledge the effect of water temperature on gonadosomatic index (GSI) and gonad histology of boesemani rainbowfish. As much as 75 male and 75 female fish were evenly distributed into 5tank of male fish and 5 tank of female fish, then these fish were kept in various water temperature, namelywithout water temperature arrangement, 260C water temperature, 280C water temperature, 300C water temperature, and 320C water temperature,for 30 days. The highest average of GSI found on fishes kept on 260C by the value of 1.43% (male) and 3.6% (female), while the lowest found on fishes kept on 320C by the value of 0.82% (male) and 1,33% (female). The highest average of spermatid/spermatozoa percentage found on male fishes kept on 280C by the value of 23.1%, while the lowest found on male fishes kept on 320C by the value of 18%. The highest average of level 5 oocyte percentage found on female fishes kept on 260C by the value of 27.4%, while the lowest found on female fishes kept on 320C by the value of 10.6%."

"[ABSTRAKPengaruh warna wadah pemeliharaan terhadap kematangan gonad ikan rainbow kurumoi (Melanotaenia parva Allen, 1990) telah diteliti sebagai upaya peningkatan kualitas gonad indukan. Seratus delapan puluh ekor M. parva yang terdiri atas 90 ekor ikan jantan dan 90 ekor ikan betina berusia ± 7 bulan dibagi menjadi enam set perlakuan (K, P1, P2, P3, P4, dan P5); masing-masing dipelihara dalam 12 wadah polypropylene berwarna transparan, merah, biru, hijau, kuning, dan putih selama 30 hari. Ikan jantan dan betina dipelihara terpisah. Nilai IGS digunakan sebagai parameter utama dengan didukung oleh persentase sel spermatozoa dan sel oosit tahap V pada preparat histologi gonad ikan. Nilai IGS jantan dan betina tertinggi (0,873 % dan 2,617 %) terdapat pada P4 (wadah kuning), sedangkan nilai IGS jantan dan betina terendah (0,364 % dan 1,275 %) terdapat pada P5 (wadah putih). Persentase sel spermatozoa dan oosit tahap V tertinggi (60,01 % dan 29,05 %) terdapat pada P4 (wadah kuning), yaitu sedangkan persentase sel spermatozoa dan oosit tahap V terendah (28,62 % dan 11,07 %) terdapat P5 (wadah putih).ABSTRACTEffect of different tank colours on gonad maturity of kurumoi rainbowfish (Melanotaenia parva L.) was tested on this study. A hundred and eighty M. parva, consisted of 90 male and 90 female fishes at ± 7 months of age, was divided to six experimental groups (K, P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5), which kept for 30 consecutive days in 12 polypropylene tanks with 6 colour types: transparent, red, blue, green, yellow, and white, respectively. Male and female fishes was kept on different tanks. The GSI value was counted as the primary parameter, while the percentage of spermatid/spermatozoa and stage V oocytes was counted from gonadal histology preparations as supportive data. The highest GSI value of male and female groups (0,873 % and 2,617 %) was found on P4 (yellow tank), while the lowest GSI value of both gender (0,364 % and 1,275 %) was found on P5 (white tank). The highest percentage of spermatozoa and stage V oocytes (60,01 % dan 29,05 %) was found on P4 (yellow tank), while the lowest percentage of spermatozoa and stage V oocytes (28,62 % dan 11,07 %) was found on P5 (white tank).;Effect of different tank colours on gonad maturity of kurumoi rainbowfish (Melanotaenia parva L.) was tested on this study. A hundred and eighty M. parva, consisted of 90 male and 90 female fishes at ± 7 months of age, was divided to six experimental groups (K, P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5), which kept for 30 consecutive days in 12 polypropylene tanks with 6 colour types: transparent, red, blue, green, yellow, and white, respectively. Male and female fishes was kept on different tanks. The GSI value was counted as the primary parameter, while the percentage of spermatid/spermatozoa and stage V oocytes was counted from gonadal histology preparations as supportive data. The highest GSI value of male and female groups (0,873 % and 2,617 %) was found on P4 (yellow tank), while the lowest GSI value of both gender (0,364 % and 1,275 %) was found on P5 (white tank). The highest percentage of spermatozoa and stage V oocytes (60,01 % dan 29,05 %) was found on P4 (yellow tank), while the lowest percentage of spermatozoa and stage V oocytes (28,62 % dan 11,07 %) was found on P5 (white tank)., Effect of different tank colours on gonad maturity of kurumoi rainbowfish (Melanotaenia parva L.) was tested on this study. A hundred and eighty M. parva, consisted of 90 male and 90 female fishes at ± 7 months of age, was divided to six experimental groups (K, P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5), which kept for 30 consecutive days in 12 polypropylene tanks with 6 colour types: transparent, red, blue, green, yellow, and white, respectively. Male and female fishes was kept on different tanks. The GSI value was counted as the primary parameter, while the percentage of spermatid/spermatozoa and stage V oocytes was counted from gonadal histology preparations as supportive data. The highest GSI value of male and female groups (0,873 % and 2,617 %) was found on P4 (yellow tank), while the lowest GSI value of both gender (0,364 % and 1,275 %) was found on P5 (white tank). The highest percentage of spermatozoa and stage V oocytes (60,01 % dan 29,05 %) was found on P4 (yellow tank), while the lowest percentage of spermatozoa and stage V oocytes (28,62 % dan 11,07 %) was found on P5 (white tank).]"

"Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk melihat pengaruh hormon gonadotropin terhadap kematangan gonad dan proses ovulasi pada ikan gurami {Ospron^mus sourcuny Lac). Penyuntikan dilakukan secara intramuskular terhadap 25 ekor Induk betina Ikan gurami yang terdiri dan kontrol dan empat perlakuan yaitu perlakuan penyuntikan Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) . Proenant Metro's Serum. Gonadotropin (PMSG). kombinasi PMSG-KCG. masing-masing dengan dosis 1.000 iu/kg berat badan dan esktrak kelenjar hipofisa (HIP), dengan perbandingan berat resapien dan donor adalah 1 : 1- Penyuntikan dilakukan dua kali dengan interval waktu 4 jam. 24 jam setelah penyuntikan kedua, dilakukan stripping dan pengambilan gonad. Parameter yang diukur adalah ukuran diameter telur, persentase jumlah telur ovulasi dan nilai Indeks Kematangan Gonad. Basil analisis data memper1ihatkan bahwa pada perlakuan penyuntikan PMSG. kombinasi PMSG-HCG. dan HIP terjadi peningkatan kematangan telur. Pematangan telur dan ovulasi hanya terjadi pada perlakuan penyuntikan kombinasi PMSG-HCG dan HIP. tetapi secara statistik menunjukkan bahwa jumlah telur ovulasi lebih banyak terjadi pada perlakuan penyuntikan kombinasi PMSG-HCG."

"Slim mudskipper, parapocryptes sp. is commanly found in estuary and brackish water pond area. Study on gonad maturity and food habits of this fish was done from February to June 2002...."

"Research of food habit and spawning season of snakehead fish (Channa straita Bloch) were conducted in reserve fishery sungai sambujur during June until December 2004 . ..."

"ABSTRAKEbi merupakan udang kering berukuran kecil yang dikonsumsi secara keseluruhan. Ebi diduga memiliki kadar kalsium tinggi dan dapat digunakan sebagai bahan untuk meningkatkan proses remineralisasi enamel gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh ebi air laut Metapenaeus sp. dengan berbagai pH basa pada permukaan enamel dengan tujuan remineralisasi, dan analisa hasil menggunakan perubahan permukaan mikrostruktur, tingkat retensi ion kalsium, dan kekerasan mikro permukaan. Pengamatan perubahan permukaan enamel dilakukan dengan larutan ebi 10 dengan tingkat pH 8.0, 9.0, 10.0, dengan durasi 5 menit untuk 26 kali aplikasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan retensi ion kalsium, peningkatan kekerasan mikrostruktur dan perbaikan mikro struktur permukaan enamel menurut peningkatan tingkat pH basa.Kesimpulan: Aplikasi larutan ebi air laut Metapenaeus sp. meningkatkan proses remineralisasi enamel gigi

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ABSTRACTEbi is a dried small sized shrimp that consumed as a whole. Ebi assumed to have high calcium level and probably have ability to use as material for increasing remineralization process on tooth enamel. This research aimed to know the effect of sea water ebi Metapenaeus sp. with several alkaline pH level on enamel surface to obtain remineralization, and analyze the result using surface microstructure changes, ion calcium retention level and micro surface hardness. Observation of the enamel surface changes were make upon 10 ebi solution with the pH level 8.0, 9.0, 10.0 respectively, 5 minutes duration for 26 times application. The results showed that there were increase of ion calcium retention, increase of micro surface hardness and enamel surface micro structure restoration according to the increase of alkaline pH level.SConclusion Application of the sea water ebi solution increase the remineraliztation process of enamel surfaceKeywords sea water ebi Metapenaeus sp. , remineralization, alkaline pH, microsurface hardness "

"Proses elektroplating pada riset ini akan berfokus pada efek yang dihasilkan oleh pH, pengotor dan rapat arus pada proses elektroplating. Proses tersebut akan diawali oleh proses loading, degreasing, pickling, electro cleaning, electro plating dan unloading. Riset ini dilakukan dengan memvariasikan nilai pH, pengotor dan arus listrik dan juga melakukan studi pustaka. Berdasarkan hasil dan interpretasi dari riset dapat disimpulkan bahwa pH, pengotor dan rapat arus sangat mempengaruhi proses elektroplating, lebih lanjut faktor yang paling signifikan adalah arus listrik. Melalui hasil eksperimen didapatkan bahwa kondisi operasi standar yang paling optimum adalah proses elektroplating dengan pH berkisar 5.5-6, tanpa keberadaan zat pengotor dan pada besaran arus listrik 42 Ampere. Ketebalan terbaik pada electroplating berkisar antara 15-25 mikron dengan level kecerahan A dan 96.14% efisiensi. Untuk menjaga efektifitas dari proses elektroplating, pemeliharaan berkala terhadap peralatan elektroplating dan alat ukur lainnya harus dilakukan.

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Electroplating in this research will be focusing in the effect of pH, impurities and electric current in the electroplating process. The processes will be starting from loading, degreasing, pickling, electro cleaning, and electro plating and unloading. In the process of electro plating, there are several factors that affect the end result, which are pH, impurities and electric current. Varying the amount of the pH, impurities and electric current as well as doing the literature review will do the research. Based on the result and interpretation of the research can be concluded that pH, impurities and electric current are affecting the electroplating plating, Furthermore the most significant factor is the electric current. From the result of the experiment obtained that the most optimum standard operating conditions in the electroplating process are with pH ranged 5.5-6, no impurities and 42 Ampere of electric current. The range of optimum thickness is between 15-25 micron, with level of brightness A and having 96.14% of plating efficiency. In order to keep the effectiveness of electroplating process, continuous maintenance of electroplating and measuring equipment have to be done."

"Proses elektroplating pada riset ini akan berfokus pada efek yang dihasilkan oleh pH, pengotor dan rapat arus pada proses elektroplating. Proses tersebut akan diawali oleh proses loading, degreasing, pickling, electro cleaning, electro plating dan unloading. Riset ini dilakukan dengan memvariasikan nilai pH, pengotor dan arus listrik dan juga melakukan studi pustaka. Berdasarkan hasil dan interpretasi dari riset dapat disimpulkan bahwa pH, pengotor dan rapat arus sangat mempengaruhi proses elektroplating, lebih lanjut faktor yang paling signifikan adalah arus listrik. Melalui hasil eksperimen didapatkan bahwa kondisi operasi standar yang paling optimum adalah proses elektroplating dengan pH berkisar 5.5-6, tanpa keberadaan zat pengotor dan pada besaran arus listrik 42 Ampere. Ketebalan terbaik pada electroplating berkisar antara 15-25 mikron dengan level kecerahan A dan 96.14% efisiensi. Untuk menjaga efektifitas dari proses elektroplating, pemeliharaan berkala terhadap peralatan elektroplating dan alat ukur lainnya harus dilakukan.

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Electroplating in this research will be focusing in the effect of pH, impurities and electric current in the electroplating process. The processes will be starting from loading, degreasing, pickling, electro cleaning, and electro plating and unloading. In the process of electro plating, there are several factors that affect the end result, which are pH, impurities and electric current. Varying the amount of the pH, impurities and electric current as well as doing the literature review will do the research. Based on the result and interpretation of the research can be concluded that pH, impurities and electric current are affecting the electroplating plating, Furthermore the most significant factor is the electric current. From the result of the experiment obtained that the most optimum standard operating conditions in the electroplating process are with pH ranged 5.5-6, no impurities and 42 Ampere of electric current. The range of optimum thickness is between 15-25 micron, with level of brightness A and having 96.14% of plating efficiency. In order to keep the effectiveness of electroplating process, continuous maintenance of electroplating and measuring equipment have to do.;"