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"[ABSTRAKSkripsi ini membahas mengenai efektivitas peraturan kewajiban penggunaan L/C sebagai instrumen cara pembayaran untuk ekspor batubara yang dilatarbelakangi dengan keluarnya peraturan Menteri Pedagangan No. 04/MDAG/PER/1/2015 yang mulai berlaku pada bulan April 2015. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui latar belakang dikeluarkannya peraturan kewajiban penggunaan L/C sebagai instrumen cara pembayaran untuk ekspor khususnya batubara, akibat hukum dan sanksi peraturan tersebut, dan apakah dengan diterapkannya peraturan kewajiban penggunaan L/C tersebut telah efektif dalam arti telah ditaati oleh para eksportir batubara dan telah mencapai tujuan peraturan tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif dengan tipologi penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang menggunakan data primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa sebagian besar eksportir batubara telah menggunakan L/C dalam kegiatan ekspornya namun tujuan dari peraturan tersebut belum dapat tercapai secara maksimal karena tanpa dibatasinya jenis L/C yang dapat digunakan sebagai cara pembayaran ekspor terutama jenis transferable L/C, masih dimungkinkan bagi eksportir untuk menempatkan devisa hasil ekspor di negara lain.ABSTRACTThis thesis discusses the effectiveness of the regulatory obligation to use the L/C as a method of payment instrument for the export of coal which based on the background of the issuance of the regulations of the Minister of Trade No. 04 / M-DAG / PER / 1/2015 which came into force in April 2015. The objectives of this thesis is to find out the background of the issuance of regulatory obligation to use the L/C as an instrument method of payment for exports, especially coal, due to the legal and regulatory sanctions, and whether to the implementation of regulatory obligation to use the L/C has been effective in the sense that has been complied with by the coal exporters and has achieved the purpose of the regulation. The method used in this research is normative juridical with typology qualitative descriptive study using primary and secondary data. The results found out that most coal exporters have used the L/C in export activities but these regulation has not been able to achieve its purpose effectively because without limiting the type of L/C which can be used as a method of payment instrument for export, particularly transferable L/C, it is still possible for exporters to put foreign exchange from export proceeds in other countries.;This thesis discusses the effectiveness of the regulatory obligation to use the L/C as a method of payment instrument for the export of coal which based on the background of the issuance of the regulations of the Minister of Trade No. 04 / M-DAG / PER / 1/2015 which came into force in April 2015. The objectives of this thesis is to find out the background of the issuance of regulatory obligation to use the L/C as an instrument method of payment for exports, especially coal, due to the legal and regulatory sanctions, and whether to the implementation of regulatory obligation to use the L/C has been effective in the sense that has been complied with by the coal exporters and has achieved the purpose of the regulation. The method used in this research is normative juridical with typology qualitative descriptive study using primary and secondary data. The results found out that most coal exporters have used the L/C in export activities but these regulation has not been able to achieve its purpose effectively because without limiting the type of L/C which can be used as a method of payment instrument for export, particularly transferable L/C, it is still possible for exporters to put foreign exchange from export proceeds in other countries.;This thesis discusses the effectiveness of the regulatory obligation to use the L/C as a method of payment instrument for the export of coal which based on the background of the issuance of the regulations of the Minister of Trade No. 04 / M-DAG / PER / 1/2015 which came into force in April 2015. The objectives of this thesis is to find out the background of the issuance of regulatory obligation to use the L/C as an instrument method of payment for exports, especially coal, due to the legal and regulatory sanctions, and whether to the implementation of regulatory obligation to use the L/C has been effective in the sense that has been complied with by the coal exporters and has achieved the purpose of the regulation. The method used in this research is normative juridical with typology qualitative descriptive study using primary and secondary data. The results found out that most coal exporters have used the L/C in export activities but these regulation has not been able to achieve its purpose effectively because without limiting the type of L/C which can be used as a method of payment instrument for export, particularly transferable L/C, it is still possible for exporters to put foreign exchange from export proceeds in other countries.;This thesis discusses the effectiveness of the regulatory obligation to use the L/C as a method of payment instrument for the export of coal which based on the background of the issuance of the regulations of the Minister of Trade No. 04 / M-DAG / PER / 1/2015 which came into force in April 2015. The objectives of this thesis is to find out the background of the issuance of regulatory obligation to use the L/C as an instrument method of payment for exports, especially coal, due to the legal and regulatory sanctions, and whether to the implementation of regulatory obligation to use the L/C has been effective in the sense that has been complied with by the coal exporters and has achieved the purpose of the regulation. The method used in this research is normative juridical with typology qualitative descriptive study using primary and secondary data. The results found out that most coal exporters have used the L/C in export activities but these regulation has not been able to achieve its purpose effectively because without limiting the type of L/C which can be used as a method of payment instrument for export, particularly transferable L/C, it is still possible for exporters to put foreign exchange from export proceeds in other countries., This thesis discusses the effectiveness of the regulatory obligation to use the L/C as a method of payment instrument for the export of coal which based on the background of the issuance of the regulations of the Minister of Trade No. 04 / M-DAG / PER / 1/2015 which came into force in April 2015. The objectives of this thesis is to find out the background of the issuance of regulatory obligation to use the L/C as an instrument method of payment for exports, especially coal, due to the legal and regulatory sanctions, and whether to the implementation of regulatory obligation to use the L/C has been effective in the sense that has been complied with by the coal exporters and has achieved the purpose of the regulation. The method used in this research is normative juridical with typology qualitative descriptive study using primary and secondary data. The results found out that most coal exporters have used the L/C in export activities but these regulation has not been able to achieve its purpose effectively because without limiting the type of L/C which can be used as a method of payment instrument for export, particularly transferable L/C, it is still possible for exporters to put foreign exchange from export proceeds in other countries.]"

"Tesis ini membahas keterkaitan lembaga legislatif DPD RI dalam kontruksi teori hukum murni. Melalui analisis kontruksi kelembagaan baik dari aspek latar belakang kesejarahan berdirinya, konstruksi normatif hingga realitas praktik kelembagaan. Dengan konstruksi faktual tersebut penulis berusaha untuk merekonstruksikannya dalam pemikiran teori hukum murni. Hasil rekonstruksi tersebut akan menghasilkan pemikiran yang menjelaskan eksistensi kelembagaan DPD RI dalam perspektif akademik Hukum dan Negara. Karya Ilmiah Hukum ini menggunakan penelitian yuridis normatif dengan memfokuskan diri pada analisis teori hukum yang dalam hal ini adalah teori hukum murni Hans Kelsen. Penelitian ini juga dilengkapi dengan studi empiris praktik pembentukan hukum nasional dan penelitian empiris tentang pemahaman masyarakat mengenai kelembagaan DPD RI. Hasil penelitian hukum ini menyimpulkan bahwa DPD merupakan bentuk nyata konsep validitas teritorial sebagai penyempurna validitas personal pembentukan hukum dalam konstruksi teori hukum murni Hans Kelsen. Sehingga penelitian ini menyarankan agar DPD selaku lembaga legislatif harus diperkuat fungsi dan perannya secara konstitusional, sebagaimana lembaga legislatif yang merepresentasikan validitas personal (DPR RI) dalam sistem bikameralisme.

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This thesis explores the relationship legislative institution of Regional Representative Council of RI in construction of the Pure Theory of law. Through the analysis of institutional construction both from aspects of historical background of its establishment, normative construction to reality of institutional practices. With the factual construction, the author seeks to reconstruction it in thought of pure theory of law. The results of the reconstruction will result in thoughts which explain the existence of Regional Representative Council of RI in academic perspective of Law and State.

This legal science research uses normative juridical research with focus to analysis of legal theory which in this case is the pure theory of law of Hans Kelsen. This research is also furnished with empirical study of national law making practice and empirical study on public understanding regarding the institutional of Regional Representative Council of RI.

The results of this law research concludes that the Regional Representative Council of RI is a real form of territorial validity concept as a complement of law making's personal validity in the construction of the pure theory of law of Hans Kelsen. Thus this research recommends in order that the Regional Representative Council of RI a legislative institution should be strengthened in its function and role constitutionally, a the legislative institution which represents the personal validity (People Representative Council of RI) in bicameralism system."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis efektivitas pemeriksaan pajak pada Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Jakarta Kembangan dalam mencapai target penerimaan pajak dan menganalisis masalah yang dihadapi oleh pemeriksa pajak selama pemeriksaan pajak. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dengan wawancara mendalam. Indikator Kerangka McKinsey yang digunakan untuk mengukur efektivitas pemeriksaan pajak mengidentifikasi indikator efektif yaitu struktur, staf dan nilai bersama. Indikator yang tidak efektif atau kurang efektif terdiri dari strategi, sistem, keterampilan dan gaya. Masalah selama pemeriksaan pajak adalah waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk membuka rekening bank Wajib Pajak, hal ini disebabkan kebijakan pengungkapan bank membutuhkan waktu sehingga mengakibatkan keterlambatan pemeriksaan pajak.

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ABSTRACTThe research is intended to study the effectiveness of tax examinations at Pratama Jakarta Kembangan Tax Service Office in achieving targeted tax revenue and analyzes problems encountered by tax examiners during tax examinations. The method employed in this research is descriptive analysis study. Data collection is obtained by in depth interview. The McKinsey Framework indicators which are utilized to measure which are utilized to measure the tax examination effectiveness identifies the following effective indicators which are structure, staff and shared value. The ineffective or less effective indicators consist of strategy, system, skill, and style. Primary problem during tax examination is the time taken to open the bank the bank account of the tax payer, this is due to the bank disclosure policy which requires time that resulted in delay of the tax examination. "

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi efektivitas Inspektorat Jenderal Kementerian Dalam Negeri dalam pengawasan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan daerah. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma post-positivisme dengan metode penelitian kualitatif. Wawancara mendalam serta studi dokumen dilakukan untuk memperoleh data dan informasi yang diperlukan. Penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi efektivitas Inspektorat Jenderal Kementerian Dalam Negeri dalam pengawasan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan daerah meliputi structure, system, strategy, style, staff, skills dan shared values. Hal ini tentunya sesuai dengan elemen yang terkandung dalam model 7S Mckinsey yang digunakan peneliti sebagai pisau analisis dalam menjawab pertanyaan penelitian. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa konsep structure follows function belum terlaksana dengan baik, masih adanya peraturan perundangan-undangan terkait pengawasan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan daerah yang disharmoni, prinsip money follows program belum berjalan efektif, proses bisnis telah berjalan dengan baik namun APIP belum memanfaatkan kemajuan teknologi dalam melaksanakan tugas, gaya kepemimpinan pimpinan tertinggi sangat partisipatif dan demokratis namun di sisi lain APIP belum ideal baik secara kuantitas dan kualitas, masih ada pegawai yang belum mengetahui dan belum menerapkan budaya organisasi Kementerian Dalam Negeri. Hasil penelitian ini menyarankan adanya penguatan struktur kelembagaan melalui penggunaan konsep structure follows function maupun penguatan peraturan perundang-undangan terkait pengawasan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan daerah, adanya penggunaan konsep money follows program dalam mendesain anggaran serta pemanfaatan kemajuan teknologi dalam mendukung pelaksanaan tugas pengawasan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan daerah, membuat pola penerimaan, pengembangan karier serta pola pendidikan dan pelatihan agar dapat tercipta APIP yang memadai baik secara kuantitas maupun kualitas dan melakukan sosialisasi terkait dengan nilai-nilai yang terdapat dalam budaya organisasi Kementerian Dalam Negeri.

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ABSTRACTThis study aims to analyze the factors affecting the effectiveness of the Inspectorate General of the Ministry of Home Affairs in the supervision of the administration of local governance. This study uses the post-positivism paradigm with qualitative research methods. In-depth interviews and document studies were conducted to obtain the necessary data and information. This study explains that the factors affecting the effectiveness of the Inspectorate General of the Ministry of Home Affairs in supervision the administration of local governance include structure, systems, strategy, style, staff, skills and shared values. This is certainly in accordance with the elements contained in the 7S Mckinsey model that researchers use as a knife analysis in answering research questions. The results of the study revealed that the concept of structure follows function has not been implemented well, there are still laws and regulations related to the supervision of harmonious regional governance, the principle of money follows program has not been effective, business processes have been running well but APIP has not utilized technological advancements in carrying out its tasks The leadership style of the highest leadership is very participatory and democratic, but on the other hand APIP is not ideal in terms of quantity and quality, there are still employees who do not know and have not applied the the organizational culture of the Ministry of Home Affairs. The results of this study suggest the strengthening of institutional structures through the use of the concept of structure follows function and the strengthening of legislation related to the supervision of regional government administration, the use of the concept of money follows program in designing budgets and the use of technological advancements in supporting the implementation of regional government supervision oversight tasks, creating patterns acceptance, career development and education and training patterns in order to create adequate APIP both in terms of quantity and quality and conduct socialization related to the values ​​contained in the organizational culture of the Ministry of Home Affairs."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mengenai konsep, pengaturan, dan penerapan dari PERMENDAG Nomor 04/M-DAG/PER/1/2015 tentang Ketentuan Penggunaan Letter of Credit untuk Ekspor Barang Tertentu serta latar belakang dari digunakannya Letter of Credit sebagai suatu cara pembayaran yang diwajibkan dalam kegiatan ekspor batubara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum yang bersifat yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder, diantaranya peraturan perundangan-undangan, buku, dan wawancara dengan narasumber. Dari hasil penelitian, diperoleh kesimpulan yang menjawab permasalahan, yaitu Letter of Credit merupakan cara pembayaran yang paling aman dan minim risiko dari adanya wanprestasi dan penerapan permendag ini tidak harus sampai merubah kontrak jual beli yang sudah ada sebelum ditetapkannya permendag ini.

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This research aims to determine the concept, arrangement and implementation of Permendag No. 04/M-DAG/PER/1/2015 on the use Letter of Credit?s term for the Export of Certain Goods and the background of the obligatory usage of letter of credit as a method of payment that is required in the coal export activities. This research is a normative juridical technique by using secondary data, including laws and regulations, books, and interviews with interviewees. From this research, we concluded that Letter of Credit is the most secure payment method and the most minimal risk of any payment methods and the application of this Regulation does not need to change the sales contract that created between exporter and importer that existed before the enactment of this Regulation."

"Perseroan Terbatas dalam melakukan suatu perbuatan hukum seharusnya memperhatikan keabsahan kedudukan Direksi dan Dewan Komisaris, terutama masa tugas jabatannya. Hal tersebut seringkali terjadi dalam penyelenggaraan Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham yang biasa disebut "RUPS" dan perbuatanperbuatan hukum lainnya yang jika tidak diperhatikan akan berakibat fatal bagi Perseroan. Dari hal tersebut diatas ada beberapa pokok permasalahan yang akan dibahas mengenai keabsahan RUPS Notaril, RUPS dibawah Tangan dan Keputusan Pemegang Saham diluar rapat dimana Direksi dan Komisaris telah berakhir masa jabatannya serta mengenai keabsahan tugas, kewenangan dan pengurusan perwakilan Direksi dan Komisaris yang telah berakhir masa jabatannya. Penulis memilih judul ini dengan tujuan dapat membantu mengingatkan Perseroan agar lebih berhati-hati dalam melakukan suatu perbuatan hukum sehingga dapat mencegah hal-hal yang tidak diinginkan. Penulisan dalam tesis ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan oleh peneliti, penyelenggaraan RUPS yang dipimpin oleh Direksi atau anggota Dewan Komisaris yang sudah tidak menjabat lagi secara hukum adalah tidak sah, kecuali Keputusan Pemegang Saham yang disetujui secara bulat dan tertulis oleh seluruh pemegang saham berdasarkan pasal 91 UUPT No. 40 Tahun 2007 adalah sah. Setelah itu baik RUPS maupun Keputusan Pemegang Saham tetap harus memperhatikan tindakan selanjudnya mengenai syarat sahnya perubahan Anggaran Dasar Perseroan sebagaimana yang diatur dalam pasal 21 UU No. 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas yang isinya keputusan tersebut harus dibuat atau dinyatakan dalam akta Notaris yang kemudian harus disampaikan kepada Menteri untuk mendapatkan Persetujuan/Pemberitahuan yang dalam hal ini Menteri Hukum dan Hak Azasi Manusia Republik Indonesia untuk dicatat dalam daftar perusahaan. Begitu pula perbuatan hukum lainnya yang dilakukan Direksi dan dewan Komisaris yang tidak menjabat lagi adalah tidak sah dan dapat dibatalkan.

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A Limited Liability Company in performing a legal act should pay attention to validity of the position of the Board of Directors and the Board of Commissioners, especially concerning their functional period. This often happens in the organization of General Meeting of Shareholders usually called as the "Meeting" and other legal acts which if not paid to attention will be fatal for the Company. From the above there are several main issues to be discussed regarding the validity of Notarial General Meeting of Shareholders, Private General Meeting of Shareholders and Decree of Shareholders outside the meeting where the Board of Directors and the Board of Commissioner have been expired their functional periods as well as regarding validity of tasks, authorities and management of representatives of Board of Directors and the Board of Commissioner who have ended their functional periods. The author selected this title with objective may help to remind the Company to be more carefully in performing legal actions so as to prevent undesirable things.

The writing under this thesis using normative juridical method. From the results of research conducted by the researchers, led by the implementation of the General Meeting of Shareholders chaired by the Board of Directors or members of the Board of Commissioners that have no longer legally positioned shall be not valid, unless decree of the Shareholders agreed unanimously in writing by all shareholders pursuant to article 91 of the Company Law No. 40 of Year 2007 is valid. After that both the General Meeting of Shareholders and decree of the Shareholders should consider further actions regarding requirements for legal amendment of the Company`s Article of Association as of provided under Article 21 of Law no. 40 of year 2007 regarding Limited Liability Company that contents thereof is such decision should be drawn up or stated under a Notarial Deed which then must be submitted to the Minister to obtain for approval / notification in this case the Minister of Justice and Human Rights Republic of Indonesia to be recorded in the company list. Similarly, other legal actions committed by the Board of Directors and the Board of Commissioners who are no longer having their positions are illegal as well as null and voidable."

"Penelitian ini menganalisis kewenangan Bank Indonesia sebagai otoritas sistem pembayaran dalam pengembangan cek berbasis elektronik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode doktrinal dengan mengkaji pengaturan dan penggunaan cek dalam sistem pembayaran di Indonesia serta peran Bank Indonesia dalam pengembangan instrumen pembayaran tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cek adalah instrumen pembayaran sah dengan perlindungan hukum yang diatur dalam berbagai regulasi. Namun, cek konvensional memiliki sejumlah kekurangan yang perlu diatasi. Bank Indonesia, sebagai otoritas strategis, berperan penting dalam pengembangan cek elektronik melalui penyediaan infrastruktur teknologi dan penerbitan regulasi yang memberikan kepastian hukum. Pengembangan cek berbasis elektronik dianggap sejalan dengan kebutuhan masyarakat modern yang menginginkan alat pembayaran lebih efisien, aman, dan cepat. Langkah ini tidak hanya mendukung transformasi digital dalam sistem pembayaran, tetapi juga memperkuat stabilitas ekonomi nasional. Peran aktif Bank Indonesia dalam mengembangkan cek elektronik diharapkan mampu menghadirkan solusi atas kelemahan cek konvensional sekaligus mendorong kemajuan sistem pembayaran nasional yang lebih adaptif terhadap perkembangan teknologi.

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This research examines Bank Indonesia's authority as the payment system management authority in developing electronic-based check payment instruments. Conducted using a doctrinal research method, the study focuses on two main aspects: the regulation and use of checks in Indonesia’s payment system and Bank Indonesia’s authority in advancing electronicbased checks. The findings reveal that checks are legal payment instruments within the national payment system, protected under relevant regulations. However, conventional checks possess several limitations that need to be addressed. Bank Indonesia, as the payment system authority, plays a crucial role in developing electronic-based checks to overcome these limitations. This involves building technological infrastructure and issuing regulations that ensure legal certainty in their implementation. The study also highlights that the development of electronic-based checks aligns with the evolving modern lifestyle and the public’s demand for payment instruments that are more efficient, secure, and fast. Bank Indonesia’s proactive efforts in promoting electronic checks and establishing the necessary regulatory framework are expected to enhance the national payment system while supporting economic stability. "

"Perdagangan internasional sangatlah penting dalam kehidupan manusia, hal tersebut tidak dapat dipisahkan dari komunitas internasional. Dalam hal tersebut, terdapat beberapa permasalahan dan kesulitan untuk tercapainya penyelesaian transaksi, terutama dalam hal pembayaran. Letter of Credit (“L/C”), sebagai alat pembayaran, diperkenalkan untuk mengatasi permasalahan dan kesulitan tersebut. Penelitian ini membahas pengaturan yang ada di sistem hukum Indonesia terhadap L/C, fokus pada kerangka dan sifat hukum dari L/C. Selanjutnya, penelitian ini juga akan membahas adanya peraturan yang berlaku yang mewajibkan penggunaan L/C bagi beberapa pihak untuk ekspor komoditas mineral dan batubara, dengan menjelaskan kewajiban tersebut dan siapa saja yang terikat terhadap kewajiban tersebut. Dengan melakukan penelitian hukum yuridis, menggunakan beberapa bahan hukum seperti primer, sekunder, dan tersier, akan disimpulkan bahwa L/C mempunyai sifat dan kerangka hukum, yang mencakup keberlakukan dasar hukum untuk L/C, asas-asas, bentuk-bentuk yang ada, hubungan hukum antar pihak, hak dan kewajiban dari para pihak, dan aspek lainnya. Selanjutnya, siapa saja pihak yang terikat berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral No. 1952 K/84/MEM/2018 atas kewajiban penggunaan L/C untuk kegiatan ekspor mineral dan batubara. Penelitian ini akan menyarankan pemerintah Indonesia untuk mengeluarkan peraturan dalam negeri yang dapat memberikan kejelasan mengenai dasar hukum yang berlaku untuk L/C. Selanjutnya, akan menyarankan para pihak yang berkewajiban untuk memenuhi atau tunduk atas kewajiban tersebut guna mencegah sanksi – sanksi yang ada.

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International trade is very important in life, it cannot be separated from the international community. There are many problems and difficulties for closure, especially for the payment. Letter of Credit (“L/C”), as a payment instrument, was introduced to overcome such problems and difficulties. This research discusses firstly, the law and regulation of L/C in Indonesian legal system, which focus on the legal framework or legal nature of it. Secondly, this research discusses the prevailing regulations in Indonesia which obliged several parties to use L/C for export activities, in this case for minerals and coal commodities, which will be explaining the obligation and to whom it is addressed. By conducting a juridical legal research, through several legal materials, from the primary, secondary, and tertiary, it will be concluded that L/C as an instrument have its own legal nature, which covers its legal basis that is applicable, principles, forms, legal relations which derived from its, the rights and obligations of the parties and other aspects. Also, there are several parties under the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Decree Number 1952 K/84/MEM/2018 that were addressed to the obligation to use L/C for minerals and coal export activities. This research would suggest the Indonesian authority to issue local regulation to govern the usage of L/C that will give clarity on the applicable law. Further, would also suggest the addressed parties of the obligation to fulfill or to comply with the regulation in ordaer to prevent the sanctions."

"Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang adalah suatu masa yang diberikan oleh undang-undang melalui putusan hakim Pengadilan Niaga dimana dalam masa tersebut kepada pihak kreditor dan debitor diberikan kesempatan untuk memusyawarahkan cara-cara pembayaran utangnya dengan memberikan rencana pembayaran seluruh atau sebagian dari utangnya, termasuk apabila perlu untuk merestrukturisasi utangnya tersebut. Permasalahan dalam tesis ini adalah Penggugat yang membuat gugatan wanprestasi terhadap pemberi fasilitas Kredit Pemilikan Rumah karena sertifikat rumahnya yang tidak kunjung diberikan setelah lunasnya pembayaran Kredit Pemilikan Rumah tersebut. Akan tetapi, gugatan tersebut tidak diterima karena telah adanya putusan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang yang telah berakhir dengan perjanjian perdamaian (homologasi). Untuk menjawab permasalahan dalam tesis ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif dan data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tersier. Untuk pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan penelitian kepustakaan. Alasan majelis hakim memutuskan tidak menerima gugatan tersebut dikarenakan telah adanya putusan perjanjian perdamaian (homologasi) Nomor 118/Pdt.Sus/PKPU/2018/PN.Niaga.Jkt.Pst. Berdasarkan Pasal 288 Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004, rencana perdamaian (homologasi) yang telah berkekuatan hukum tetap telah menggantikan perjanjian yang lama.

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Suspension of Paymentt is a period given by law through a decision of the Commercial Court judge during which time the creditors and debtors are given the opportunity to deliberate on ways of paying their debts by providing a plan to pay all or part of their debts, including if necessary to restructuring the debt. The problem in this thesis is that the Plaintiff made a default suit against the provider of the Home Ownership Credit facility because the house certificate was not issued after the payment of the Mortgage was paid. However, the lawsuit was not accepted because there was a decision on Postponement of Debt Payment Obligations which ended in a peace agreement (homologation). To answer the problems in this thesis using normative legal research and secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. For data collection, it is done by using library research. The reason the panel of judges decided not to accept the lawsuit was due to the decision of the peace agreement (homologation) Number 118 / Pdt.Sus / PKPU / 2018 / PN.Niaga.Jkt.Pst. Based on Article 288 of Law Number 37 Year 2004, the peace plan (homologation) which has legal force has replaced the old agreement."

"Perjanjian perkawinan itu sama dengan perjanjian pada umumnya, yaitu perjanjian antara dua orang calon suami dan istri untuk mengatur harta kekayaan pribadi masing-masing yang dibuat menjelang perkawinan, serta disahkan oleh pegawai pencatat nikah. Perjanjian kawin pada dasarnya berlaku dan mengikat suami dan istri sejak perkawinan berlangsung, sedangkan bagi pihak ketiga berlaku sejak perjanjian kawin tersebut didaftarkan. Daya laku dari akta perjanjian kawin yang didaftarkan setelah terjadinya perkawinan, adalah sah secara hukum, sepanjang perjanjian tersebut tidak bertentangan dengan ketentuan yang berlaku, perjanjian tersebut dibuat dalam bentuk akta notaris yang memenuhi 4 syarat sah perjanjian sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata dan perjanjian kawin tersebut akan mengikat pihak ketiga apabila telah memenuhi unsur publisitas.

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Marriage agreements are basically are the same as agreements in general, agreements between two prospective husbands and wives to regulate their personal assets made before marriage, and legalized by a marriage registrar employee. The marriage agreement basically applies and binds husband and wife since the marriage takes place, while for the third party is valid since the marriage agreement is registered. The power of the marriage agreement deed registered after the marriage is legal, as long as the agreement does not conflict with the applicable provisions, the agreement is made in the form of a notary deed that fulfills the 4 legal terms of the agreement as stipulated in Article 1320 of the Civil Code and the marriage agreement will bind a third party if it fulfil the publicity element."