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"[ABSTRAKLubricant Oil diproses untuk berbagai keperluan dalam bentuk cairan, padat atau gas. Tujuan utama adalah untuk mengurangi gesekan dan menghaluskan gerakan dan menghaluskan gerakan satu permukaan atas yang lain. Used Lubricant Oil yang digunakan biasanya dibuang ke lingkungan dan menyebabkan banyak kerusakan seperti kesehatan (penyakit kanker). Sebagai pencegahan, re-refining adalah satu treatment untuk menghasilkan base oil yang berkualitas bagus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memodelkan dan mensimulasikan used lubricating oil re-refining process menggunakan Aspen Plus. Hasil simulasi dibandingkan dengan Abdul Karim (2004) bersama kalkulasi Percent Sludge Removal (PSR). Hasil PSR menggunakan Aspen Plus di bandingkan dengan data eksperimen dan data simulasi CHEMCAD dalam bentuk grafik yang menunjukkan bahwa Aspen Plus memiliki trend yang mirip dengan eksperimen dan CHEMCAD. Hasil yang di dapat menunjukkan bahwa PSR meningkat dengan meningkatnya optimum value pada 2g KOH/L isopropanol.ABSTRACTLubricant oil is processed to various purposes in a form of liquids and might be in a form of solid or gas. The main purpose is to reduce the friction and smoothens the movement of one surface over another. The used lubricant oil usually disposed to the environment and the contaminated oil causes many damages to many aspect such as health (cancer disease). As a prevention of any damages, re-refining is one of the treatments to produce high quality of base oil. The aim of this research study is to model and simulate a used lubricating oil re-refining process using Aspen Plus. The simulation result is compared with Abdul Karim (2004) along with the Percent Sludge Removal (PSR) calculation. The resulted PSR using Aspen Plus data is compared to experiment data and simulation data of CHEMCAD in a graph which shows that the Aspen Plus has similar tred to both experiment and CHEMCAD. Results have shown the amount of Sludge removed increases to the optimum value at 2g KOH/L isopropanol;Lubricant oil is processed to various purposes in a form of liquids and might be in a form of solid or gas. The main purpose is to reduce the friction and smoothens the movement of one surface over another. The used lubricant oil usually disposed to the environment and the contaminated oil causes many damages to many aspect such as health (cancer disease). As a prevention of any damages, re-refining is one of the treatments to produce high quality of base oil. The aim of this research study is to model and simulate a used lubricating oil re-refining process using Aspen Plus. The simulation result is compared with Abdul Karim (2004) along with the Percent Sludge Removal (PSR) calculation. The resulted PSR using Aspen Plus data is compared to experiment data and simulation data of CHEMCAD in a graph which shows that the Aspen Plus has similar tred to both experiment and CHEMCAD. Results have shown the amount of Sludge removed increases to the optimum value at 2g KOH/L isopropanol, Lubricant oil is processed to various purposes in a form of liquids and might be in a form of solid or gas. The main purpose is to reduce the friction and smoothens the movement of one surface over another. The used lubricant oil usually disposed to the environment and the contaminated oil causes many damages to many aspect such as health (cancer disease). As a prevention of any damages, re-refining is one of the treatments to produce high quality of base oil. The aim of this research study is to model and simulate a used lubricating oil re-refining process using Aspen Plus. The simulation result is compared with Abdul Karim (2004) along with the Percent Sludge Removal (PSR) calculation. The resulted PSR using Aspen Plus data is compared to experiment data and simulation data of CHEMCAD in a graph which shows that the Aspen Plus has similar tred to both experiment and CHEMCAD. Results have shown the amount of Sludge removed increases to the optimum value at 2g KOH/L isopropanol]"

"Used Bleaching Earth Cake (UBEC) tergolong kedalam limbah B3 sehingga membutuhkan penanganan yang komperhensif. Berdasarkan karakteristik UBEC, ada beberapa alternatif pengolahan yang dapat digunakan untuk mengelola dan memaksimalkan penggunaan dari UBEC. Oleh karena itu dalam penelitian ini diuji karakteristik fisik dan kimia dari UBEC untuk mengetahui potensi nya sebagai Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF). Setelah itu dilakukan perbandingan 2 skenario pengolahan. Skenario pertama adalah pembakaran UBEC sebagai RDF pada rotary kiln kemudian abu yang dihasilkan akan digunakan sebagai subtitusi agregat halus pada pembuatan beton K350. Skenario kedua adalah pembakaran UBEC sebagi RDF pada Compressed Air Furnace dimana abu yang dihasilkan digunakan subtitusi semen pada pembuatan mortar pasangan tipe N. Sehinga didapatkan skenario mana yang terbaik dalam integrasi pengolahan limbah UBEC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa UBEC terdiri dari material bleaching earth (Monmorillonite 53.3% and Klinoptilolith 40%), residu oli, dan pengotor (logam berat, residu karbonc, dan lain lain.). UBEC juga memenuhi standar kriteria sebagai RDF. Pada skenario 1 kuat tekan terbaik produk beton dicapai pada penggantian komposisi pasir dengan 10% ash rotary dimana kuat tekannya mencapai 38,45 Mpa dan daya serapnya 5,8%. Pada skenario 2 kuat tekan mortar pasangan tidak dapat terdeteksi dengan adanya penggantian semen dengan ash CAF. Kuat tekan diteliti melalui produk beton dan yang terbaik dicapai pada penggantian komposisi semen dengan 10% ash CAF dimana kuat tekannya mencapai 31,40 Mpa dan daya serapnya 9,3 %. Kedua komposisi terbaik tersebut telah diuji TCLP nya dan kedua nya memenuhi standar baku mutu PP 101 tahun 2014. Berdasarkan perbandingan aspek, kualitas produk olahan abu pembakaran, penaatan pada peraturan lingkungan dan keamanan produk terhadap lingkungan, serta nilai ekonomis dari tiap skenario dapat ditentukan skenario pengolahan terintegrasi yang paling baik dalam mengolah UBEC adalah skenario 1

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Used Bleaching Earth Cake (UBEC), is categorized as hazardous waste that requires comprehensive handling. Refering to UBECs characteristic, there are view alternative treatments that can be use to handle and maximizing the utilities of UBEC.  Therefore, in this study tested the physcical and chemical characteristic of UBEC to determine its potential as Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF). After that a comparison of 2 processing scenarios was carried out. The first scenario is the combustion of UBEC as RDF on the rotary kiln, then the resulting ash will be used as subtle aggregate substitution in the manufacture of K350 concrete. The second scenario is the combustion of UBEC as RDF in Compressed Air Furnace (CAF) where the resulting ash is used as cement substitution in the manufacture of N-type mortar masonry. So we may conclude the best integrated treatment scenario to carry out for treating UBEC. The result showed that UBEC consisted of earth bleaching materials (Montmorillonite 53.3% and Klinoptilolith 40%), oil residues, and impurities (heavy metals, carbon dioxide residues, etc.). UBEC also meets the criteria standards for RDF. In scenario 1 the best compressive strength of the concrete product is achieved by replacing the composition of the sand with 10% rotary ash where the compressive strength reaches 38.45 Mpa and its water absorption is 5.8%. In scenario 2 the mortar masonry compressive strength cannot be detected by the replacement of cement with CAF ash. Compressive strength was examined through concrete products and the best was achieved by replacing cement composition with 10% ash CAF where the compressive strength reached 31.40 Mpa and its water absorptionis 9.3%. The two best compositions have been tested for TCLP and both of them meet the quality standard of PP 101 year 2014. Based on the comparison of view aspects: the quality of refined ash products, compliancewith environmental regulations and product safety for the environment, and also the economic value of each scenario,we can be determined the best integrated processing scenario in by processing UBEC in scenario 1."

"Rute pengiriman dan penjadwalan yang efektif dan efisien mempunyai peranan penting dalam optimasi biaya logistik suatu perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan rute distribusi pelumas dari depot ke distributor dengan menggunakan algoritma tabu search. Hasil penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan suatu sistem distribusi yang dapat mengirimkan produk pelumas kepada pelanggan dengan jarak tempuh minimum dan jumlah minimum kendaraan. Jarak tempuh minimum untuk kemasan box sebesar 487,70 km, kemasan drum sebesar 536,75 km dan kemasan pail 426,30 km. Jumlah minimum kendaraan sebanyak 11 truk. Pada penelitian ini terdapat penurunan biaya logistik sebesar 38,70.

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Determination of routes and scheduling delivery of effective and efficient plays an important role in optimizing logistic costs of a company. This study aims to determine the proper lubricant distribution system from the depot to distributor by using tabu search algorithm. The result of this study is to obtain a distribution system that can be applied to deliver lubricants product with minimum total distances and minimum number of vehicles. Total distance for box package is 539,90 km, drum package is 543,60 km and pail package is 453,30 km. Minimum number of vehicles needed is 10 trucks. The result shown reduction 38,70 of logistic cost."

"Jumlah oli pelumas bekas yang terus bertambah menjadi masalah lingkungan dan juga ekonomi. Salah satu usaha untuk memanfaatkan lagi oli pelumas bekas adalah pemurnian ulang. Namun, pemurnian ulang memiliki banyak masalah yang berhubungan dengan manajemen rantai pasok. Untuk dapat membuat perbaikan pada manajemen rantai pasok di penyulingan ulang, pengukuran kinerja rantai pasok perlu dilakukan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengukur kinerja rantai pasok proses pemurnian ulang pada perusahaan pelumas di Indonesia, dan juga merancang strategi untuk meningkatkan kinerja rantai pasok mereka. Metode yang digunakan adalah Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) sebagai kerangka pengukuran kinerja dan Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) untuk memprioritaskan indikator kinerja yang akan dicari upaya peningkatan kinerjanya.  Terdapat 34 indikator kinerja pada kerangka SCOR yang akan dicari bobot dari setiap levelnya menggunakan Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Hasil pengukuran kinerja rantai pasok penyulingan ulang pada PT X Lubricant Indonesia pada tahun 2019 dari bulan Januari hingga Desember adalah 78% yang berada pada kategori rata-rata. Indikator kinerja kemudian dipetakan menggunakan Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) untuk memprioritaskan indikator kinerja yang akan dianalisa. Setelah itu, dicari indikator kinerja yang memiliki masalah terparah dan akar masalahnya. Indikator kinerja dengan masalah terparah adalah Supplier Quality Performance, Supplier Flexibility, dan Machine Unscheduled Shutdown. Serta, dilakukan perancangan strategi untuk meningkatkan indikator kinerja tersebut.

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The amount of used lubricating oil that continues to grow becomes an environmental and economic problem. An effort to reuse used lubricating oil is Re-Refinery Process. However, Re-Refinery Process has many problems related to supply chain management. In order to be able to make improvements for supply chain management in Re-Refinery Process, performance measurement of supply chain needs to be done. This research is conducted to measure the supply chain performance of Re-Refinery Process at a lubricant company in Indonesia, and also formulate strategies to improve its supply chain performance. The methods that are used is Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) as a framework for measuring performance and Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) to prioritize performance indicators that will be analyzed for the performance improvement. There are 34 performance indicators in the SCOR framework that will be determined for the weight of each level using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The result of the performance measurement of the Re-Refinery Process supply chain at PT X Lubricant Indonesia in 2019 from January to December is 78% which is categorized as average. Performance indicators are then mapped using Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) to prioritize performance indicators that will be analyzed. Then, the analysis for performance indicators that have the most severe problems and its root causes is done. Performance indicators with the most severe problems are Supplier Quality Performance, Supplier Flexibility, and Machine Unscheduled Shutdown. Lastly, strategies are formulated to improve these performance indicators.

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"Fenomena crackle merupakan fenomena yang masih jarang diteliti. Tujuan dari pengujian ini adalah mengetahui fenomena cackle. Dasar teori yang menjadi acuan pengujian ini adalah Leidenfrost Effect. Leidenfrost Effect adalah suatu fenomena yang muncul ketika cairan dijatuhkan ke atas plat di mana temperatur dari plat tersebut berada di atas titik didih cairan. Pengujian ini dilakukan dengan cara meneteskan satu tetesan tunggal ke suatu plat yang memiliki temperatur tinggi. Faktor yang mempengaruhi fenomena ini antara lain temperatur plat dan tegangan permukaan dari cairan tersebut. Bahan yang digunakan sebagai bahan pengujian adalah minyak pelumas yang telah dikontaminasi air sedangkan temperatur maksimum yang digunakan pada pengujian sebesar maksimum 400°C. Pelumas yang dikontaminasi air ini dapat kita asumsikan pelumas bekas yang telah lama dipakai. Fenomena - Crackle - muncul ketika minyak pelumas menyentuh permukaan dan - melompat - dengan massa lebih ringan daripada saat tumbukan pertama. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan akibat adanya kontaminasi ini, jika pelumas diteteskan pada suatu permukaan yang panas dengan temperatur di atas titik didih cairannya, akan timbul fenomena crackle.

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Crackle phenomena testing is an infrequently research to do .The purpose of this testing is to understand the crackle phenomena. The basic theory that this testing use is the Leidenfrost Effect. Leidenfrost Effect is a phenomenon that occur when a liquid being dropped on a plate when the temperature of the plate is above the boiling temperature of the liquid. The testing is done by dropped a single droplet on a very high temperature plate. Factors that influence this phenomenon are the temperature of the plate and the surface tense of the liquid. The substance that being used as a material testing is water contaminated oil lubricant meanwhile the maximum temperature for the plate is 400°C. We can this water contaminated oil lubricant as a used oil lubricant which has a long usage time. The phenomenon of "Crackle" occurs when the fuel strike a surface and then 'bounce' with the weight of mass smaller than the initial collision. The result of this testing shown that because of this contaminating, the lubricants that we drop on a very hot plate above its boiling temperature, would be emerge the crackle phenomena."

"Dari hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan maka dapat diketahui bahwa pemakaian aditif Zn-ddf untuk minyak pelumas sangatlah diperlukan. Dimana kinerja dari mesin kendaraan bermotor yang memakainya akan bertambah performance / Unjuk kerjanya, disamping itu minyak pelumas akan lebih lama pemakaiannya dibanding yang tidak ditambah aditif Zn-ddf. Disini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan 4 macam aditif Zn-ddf yaitu 2-Butanol, Iso Propanol, Ethanol, lso Butanol dapat meningkatkan Load Wear Index dari minyak pelumas. Pada pengujian dengan mesin four ball menunjukkan bahwa minyak lumas dasar yang ditambah dengan Aditif Zn-ddf sekitar 0,5-1,5% mempunyai unjuk kerja angka load wear index hampir sama dengan angka yang dimiliki oleh minyak pelumas mesran 20 W / 50.Dari pengujian Mesin SRV didapat hasil Friksi yang baik dimana masih dibawah angka batas maximum yang diizinkan sekitar 0.5. Dari Uji Viskositas didapat angka kekentalan yang baik untuk ukuran minyak pelumas. Penggantian minyak pelumas juga bisa lebih lama sehingga dapat menghemat biaya pemeliharaan mesin. Karena dengan menggunakan aditif Zn-ddf ini juga dapat memperpanjang umur dari mesin karena sifat dari zat tersebut yang dapat melapisi logam. Sehingga dapat menghilangkan oksidasi yang terjadi saat pengoperasian dan memperkecil keausan dari mesin tersebut.

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From result and experiment that was conducted it can be concluded that the use additive Zn-ddf for lubricant oil is extremely needed. Because engine performance will increase significantly, in addition used duration of the oil will be longer. So it can be concluded that the use 4 types of additive Zn-ddf which are Iso Butanol, 2-Butanol, Iso Propanol, Ethanol can increase Load Wear Index of the lubricant oil. The test result using Four Ball Engine shows that lubricant oil with additive Zn-ddf (0.5 - 1.5 %) have Load Wear Index performance almost equal to the index attached to Mesran 20 W / 50.

The test using SRV Engine shows that the use additive Zn-ddf result good friction, which is below maximum limit. Viscosity test shows viscosity Index which is relatively good lubricant oil. As a result lubricant oil replacement will be longer so the maintenance cost can be reduced. The application of additive Zn-ddf can prolong the life Engine because of its metal protecting nature. It can also eliminate oxidation during engine operation and minimize the risk of engine wearing thin. "

"Limbah minyak pelumas bekas dikategorikan sebagai limbah bahan berbahaya dan beracun B3 yang mengandung logam berat salah satunya Pb. Untuk mengurangi konsentrasi Pb dalam minyak pelumas bekas dan memperbaiki karakteristik minyak pelumas, dilakukan pengolahan dengan menggunakan lempung sebagai bleaching earth melaui proses adsorbsi. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan karakterisasi awal minyak pelumas bekas dengan spesifikasi SAE 10W-30. Selanjutnya, untuk meningkatkan kemampuan lempung sebagai adsorban, lempung diaktivasi dengan kalsinasi pada temperatur 300, 450, dan 600°C. Hasil XRD menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan montmorillonite dalam lempung hingga 63. Kemudian proses adsorbsi dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perubahan mineral lempung terhadap kapasitas lempung dalam skala laboratorium dengan konsentrasi lempung 80 g/L. Temperatur adsorbsi adalah 120°C dengan waktu kontak 300 menit. Pada penelitian, diperoleh hasil bahwa adsorbsi timbal mencapai kondisi optimum pada penggunaan lempung teraktivasi kalsinasi 450°C dan konstan pada penggunaan lempung teraktivasi kalsinasi 600. Data isotherm adsorbsi menunjukkan kecocokan dengan model isoterm Freundlich dengan kapasitas adsorbsi 4,05x10-3 mg/g. Karakterisasi akhir minyak pelumas menunjukkan terjadinya perbaikan sifat fisik dan kimiawi minyak pelumas bekas setelah proses adsorbsi.

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Waste lubricant oil is categorized as hazardous waste which contains heavy metal such us lead. To reduce the amount of lead concentration and improve waste lubricant oil properties, the waste is treated with clay as bleaching earth through adsorption process. In this study, the physical and chemical properties of waste lubricant oil with specification SAE 10W 30 was analyzed before treated with clay. To enhance clays properties as adsorbent, the clay was activated with calcination at temperature 300, 450, and 600°C.

XRD result showed that calcination process could increase montmorillonite percentage in clay, approximately 63. To determine the correlation between clay mineral structure and clay capacity as adsorbent, the adsorption process was conducted in laboratory scale with 80g L at each of activated clay. The adsorption temperature and contact time were 120°C and 300 minutes respectively.

The experimental procedure gave result that lead adsorption reached its optimum condition with the used of activated clay at temperature 450 C and remained constact with 600°C calcined clay. Pb adsorption isotherm data showed compability with Freundlich isotherm model with adsorption capacity 4,05x10 3 mg g. The final characterization of treated waste lubricant oil indicated that there was improvement of its properties after adsorption process. "

"[ABSTRAKTesis ini membahas pengaruh penambahan aditif pemodifikasi gesekan serbuk MoS2 ukuran 1 5 m dengan jumlah mulai 0 05 0 1 0 5 1 dan 2 berat dan ukuran 90 nm sebesar 0 05 0 1 0 5 pada minyak lumas dasar mineral HVI 60 terhadap karakteristik gesekan dan perlindungan keausannya Aditif ukuran 90 nm dan minyak lumas dasar dicampur dan diaduk menggunakan magnetik stirrer selama enam puluh menit pada suhu 50oC setelah itu dimasukkan ke dalam ultrasonic homogenizer selama satu jam sedangkan aditif ukuran 1 5 m pada suhu 75oC tanpa menggunakan ultrasonic homogenizer Campuran yang dihasilkan diuji karakteristik gesekan dan perlindungan keausannya menggunakan mesin uji four ball dan mesin uji SRV Analisis dilakukan pada material bola uji menggunakan optical emission spectroscopy OES goresan permukaan bola uji menggunakan scanning electron microscope SEM dan minyak lumas sisa pengujian dengan alat uji rotating disk electrode RDE Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan aditif meningkatkan perlindungan keausan dengan dosis optimal sebesar 0 1 berat dengan rincian ukuran 1 5 m perbaikannya sebesar 23 dan ukuran 90 nm sebesar 11 Pengamatan permukaan goresan menunjukkan mekanisme keausan terjadi secara adesif dan abrasif Data yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini bisa digunakan sebagai dasar dalam pembuatan minyak lumas untuk aplikasi tertentu dengan mutu yang lebih baik

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ABSTRACTThis thesis discusses the influence of MoS2 friction modifier FM addition in the form of powder with two different mesh sizes i e 90 nm and 1 5 um on the friction and wear characteristic of HVI 60 base oil The variation of MoS2 were 0 05 0 1 0 5 weight whereas MoS2 1 5 um were 0 05 0 1 0 5 1 and 2 weight MoS2 additive 90 nm was mixed with base oil and stirred with magnetic stirrer for 60 minutes at 50oC and homogenized in ultrasonic homogenizer for 1 hour For the MoS2 1 5 um the additive was mixed with base oil and stirred with magnetic stirrer for 60 minutes at 75oC without using ultrasonic homogenizer Friction and wear characteristic of these mixtures were tested using four ball and SRV test rig Ball specimen surfaces were analyzed by using optical emission spectroscopy OES the wear scars were analyzed by using scanning electron microscope SEM while used mixtures from the test were analyzed by using rotating disk electrode RDE The results of the tests showed that the addition of 0 1 weight MoS2 additive both in 90 nm and 1 5 um resulted in an optimum increase in friction and wear characteristic of 23 and 11 respectively Observation on the wear scar showed that adhesive and abrasive wear mechanism were involved in the wear process The results of this research could be applied in production of lubricating oils for certain applications to improve their quality ;This thesis discusses the influence of MoS2 friction modifier FM addition in the form of powder with two different mesh sizes i e 90 nm and 1 5 um on the friction and wear characteristic of HVI 60 base oil The variation of MoS2 were 0 05 0 1 0 5 weight whereas MoS2 1 5 um were 0 05 0 1 0 5 1 and 2 weight MoS2 additive 90 nm was mixed with base oil and stirred with magnetic stirrer for 60 minutes at 50oC and homogenized in ultrasonic homogenizer for 1 hour For the MoS2 1 5 um the additive was mixed with base oil and stirred with magnetic stirrer for 60 minutes at 75oC without using ultrasonic homogenizer Friction and wear characteristic of these mixtures were tested using four ball and SRV test rig Ball specimen surfaces were analyzed by using optical emission spectroscopy OES the wear scars were analyzed by using scanning electron microscope SEM while used mixtures from the test were analyzed by using rotating disk electrode RDE The results of the tests showed that the addition of 0 1 weight MoS2 additive both in 90 nm and 1 5 um resulted in an optimum increase in friction and wear characteristic of 23 and 11 respectively Observation on the wear scar showed that adhesive and abrasive wear mechanism were involved in the wear process The results of this research could be applied in production of lubricating oils for certain applications to improve their quality ;This thesis discusses the influence of MoS2 friction modifier FM addition in the form of powder with two different mesh sizes i e 90 nm and 1 5 um on the friction and wear characteristic of HVI 60 base oil The variation of MoS2 were 0 05 0 1 0 5 weight whereas MoS2 1 5 um were 0 05 0 1 0 5 1 and 2 weight MoS2 additive 90 nm was mixed with base oil and stirred with magnetic stirrer for 60 minutes at 50oC and homogenized in ultrasonic homogenizer for 1 hour For the MoS2 1 5 um the additive was mixed with base oil and stirred with magnetic stirrer for 60 minutes at 75oC without using ultrasonic homogenizer Friction and wear characteristic of these mixtures were tested using four ball and SRV test rig Ball specimen surfaces were analyzed by using optical emission spectroscopy OES the wear scars were analyzed by using scanning electron microscope SEM while used mixtures from the test were analyzed by using rotating disk electrode RDE The results of the tests showed that the addition of 0 1 weight MoS2 additive both in 90 nm and 1 5 um resulted in an optimum increase in friction and wear characteristic of 23 and 11 respectively Observation on the wear scar showed that adhesive and abrasive wear mechanism were involved in the wear process The results of this research could be applied in production of lubricating oils for certain applications to improve their quality ;This thesis discusses the influence of MoS2 friction modifier FM addition in the form of powder with two different mesh sizes i e 90 nm and 1 5 um on the friction and wear characteristic of HVI 60 base oil The variation of MoS2 were 0 05 0 1 0 5 weight whereas MoS2 1 5 um were 0 05 0 1 0 5 1 and 2 weight MoS2 additive 90 nm was mixed with base oil and stirred with magnetic stirrer for 60 minutes at 50oC and homogenized in ultrasonic homogenizer for 1 hour For the MoS2 1 5 um the additive was mixed with base oil and stirred with magnetic stirrer for 60 minutes at 75oC without using ultrasonic homogenizer Friction and wear characteristic of these mixtures were tested using four ball and SRV test rig Ball specimen surfaces were analyzed by using optical emission spectroscopy OES the wear scars were analyzed by using scanning electron microscope SEM while used mixtures from the test were analyzed by using rotating disk electrode RDE The results of the tests showed that the addition of 0 1 weight MoS2 additive both in 90 nm and 1 5 um resulted in an optimum increase in friction and wear characteristic of 23 and 11 respectively Observation on the wear scar showed that adhesive and abrasive wear mechanism were involved in the wear process The results of this research could be applied in production of lubricating oils for certain applications to improve their quality ;This thesis discusses the influence of MoS2 friction modifier FM addition in the form of powder with two different mesh sizes i e 90 nm and 1 5 um on the friction and wear characteristic of HVI 60 base oil The variation of MoS2 were 0 05 0 1 0 5 weight whereas MoS2 1 5 um were 0 05 0 1 0 5 1 and 2 weight MoS2 additive 90 nm was mixed with base oil and stirred with magnetic stirrer for 60 minutes at 50oC and homogenized in ultrasonic homogenizer for 1 hour For the MoS2 1 5 um the additive was mixed with base oil and stirred with magnetic stirrer for 60 minutes at 75oC without using ultrasonic homogenizer Friction and wear characteristic of these mixtures were tested using four ball and SRV test rig Ball specimen surfaces were analyzed by using optical emission spectroscopy OES the wear scars were analyzed by using scanning electron microscope SEM while used mixtures from the test were analyzed by using rotating disk electrode RDE The results of the tests showed that the addition of 0 1 weight MoS2 additive both in 90 nm and 1 5 um resulted in an optimum increase in friction and wear characteristic of 23 and 11 respectively Observation on the wear scar showed that adhesive and abrasive wear mechanism were involved in the wear process The results of this research could be applied in production of lubricating oils for certain applications to improve their quality , This thesis discusses the influence of MoS2 friction modifier FM addition in the form of powder with two different mesh sizes i e 90 nm and 1 5 um on the friction and wear characteristic of HVI 60 base oil The variation of MoS2 were 0 05 0 1 0 5 weight whereas MoS2 1 5 um were 0 05 0 1 0 5 1 and 2 weight MoS2 additive 90 nm was mixed with base oil and stirred with magnetic stirrer for 60 minutes at 50oC and homogenized in ultrasonic homogenizer for 1 hour For the MoS2 1 5 um the additive was mixed with base oil and stirred with magnetic stirrer for 60 minutes at 75oC without using ultrasonic homogenizer Friction and wear characteristic of these mixtures were tested using four ball and SRV test rig Ball specimen surfaces were analyzed by using optical emission spectroscopy OES the wear scars were analyzed by using scanning electron microscope SEM while used mixtures from the test were analyzed by using rotating disk electrode RDE The results of the tests showed that the addition of 0 1 weight MoS2 additive both in 90 nm and 1 5 um resulted in an optimum increase in friction and wear characteristic of 23 and 11 respectively Observation on the wear scar showed that adhesive and abrasive wear mechanism were involved in the wear process The results of this research could be applied in production of lubricating oils for certain applications to improve their quality ]"