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"[ABSTRAKAzoospermia adalah kondisi tidak adanya sperma dalam ejakulat pria. Azoospermia ditemukan pada 1% pria dan 10-15% pada kasus infertilitas pria. Saat ini, Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) diketahui sebagai tata laksana infertilitas pria dengan azoospermia. Keberhasilan kehamilan teknik ICSI tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh tipe pengambilan sperma, tetapi juga oleh faktor perempuan seperti usia perempuan, ketebalan endometrium, dan adanya indikasi teknik bayi tabung pada perempuan. Saat ini belum ada studi yang menunjukkan keberhasilan kehamilan pada pasien azoospermia yang menggunakan teknik ICSI. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan kehamilan bayi tabung pada pasien azoospermia yang menggunakan teknik ICSI. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Klinik Yasmin Departemen Obstetri dan Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia pada Januari 2010-Oktober 2015. Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS versi 16 secara bivariat menggunakan uji khi kuadrat untuk data kategorik dengan nilai p <0.05 dianggap signifikan. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik untuk menilai hubungan antar variabel dengan keberhasilan kehamilan. Pada uji bivariat, variabel usia perempuan memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan RO 3.382 dan IK95% berkisar antara 1.205 - 9.494. Kesimpulan: Teknik pengambilan sperma, ketebalan endometrium, dan adanya indikasi teknik bayi tabung tidak berhubungan dengan keberhasilan kehamilan pada pasien azoospermia yang menjalankan teknik ICSI, melainkan hanya usia wanita.

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ABSTRAKAzoospermia was defined as the absence of spermatozoa in ejaculate. Azoospermia was found in 1% men and 10-15% cases of male infertility in the world. Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) was known as a management of male infertility. The success rate of ICSI did not only influenced by types of sperm retrieval, but also by female factors such as female age, endometrium thickness, and the presence of female’s in vitro fertilization indication. However, there was no study that shows success rate of ICSI on azoospermic patient. Objective of this study is to know factors that determine the success rate of ICSI on azoospermic patient. This study was conducted using secondary data from Klinik Yasmin Departemen Obstetri dan Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia form January 2010- October 2015. These categorical data was analyzed using SPSS version 16, using chi square and p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Multivariate logistic regression was done to test correlation between variables and success rate. The women’s age significantly influence the success rate of ICSI on azoospermic patient with RO 3.382 and CI95% range within 1.205 – 9.494. To conclude, type of sperm retrieval, endometrial thickness, and the presence of in vitro fertilization indication in women did not influence success rate of ICSI on azoospermic patient. Only women’s age that determined the success rate of ICSI on azoospermic patient.;Azoospermia was defined as the absence of spermatozoa in ejaculate. Azoospermia was found in 1% men and 10-15% cases of male infertility in the world. Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) was known as a management of male infertility. The success rate of ICSI did not only influenced by types of sperm retrieval, but also by female factors such as female age, endometrium thickness, and the presence of female’s in vitro fertilization indication. However, there was no study that shows success rate of ICSI on azoospermic patient. Objective of this study is to know factors that determine the success rate of ICSI on azoospermic patient. This study was conducted using secondary data from Klinik Yasmin Departemen Obstetri dan Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia form January 2010- October 2015. These categorical data was analyzed using SPSS version 16, using chi square and p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Multivariate logistic regression was done to test correlation between variables and success rate. The women’s age significantly influence the success rate of ICSI on azoospermic patient with RO 3.382 and CI95% range within 1.205 – 9.494. To conclude, type of sperm retrieval, endometrial thickness, and the presence of in vitro fertilization indication in women did not influence success rate of ICSI on azoospermic patient. Only women’s age that determined the success rate of ICSI on azoospermic patient.;Azoospermia was defined as the absence of spermatozoa in ejaculate. Azoospermia was found in 1% men and 10-15% cases of male infertility in the world. Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) was known as a management of male infertility. The success rate of ICSI did not only influenced by types of sperm retrieval, but also by female factors such as female age, endometrium thickness, and the presence of female’s in vitro fertilization indication. However, there was no study that shows success rate of ICSI on azoospermic patient. Objective of this study is to know factors that determine the success rate of ICSI on azoospermic patient. This study was conducted using secondary data from Klinik Yasmin Departemen Obstetri dan Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia form January 2010- October 2015. These categorical data was analyzed using SPSS version 16, using chi square and p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Multivariate logistic regression was done to test correlation between variables and success rate. The women’s age significantly influence the success rate of ICSI on azoospermic patient with RO 3.382 and CI95% range within 1.205 – 9.494. To conclude, type of sperm retrieval, endometrial thickness, and the presence of in vitro fertilization indication in women did not influence success rate of ICSI on azoospermic patient. Only women’s age that determined the success rate of ICSI on azoospermic patient., Azoospermia was defined as the absence of spermatozoa in ejaculate. Azoospermia was found in 1% men and 10-15% cases of male infertility in the world. Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) was known as a management of male infertility. The success rate of ICSI did not only influenced by types of sperm retrieval, but also by female factors such as female age, endometrium thickness, and the presence of female’s in vitro fertilization indication. However, there was no study that shows success rate of ICSI on azoospermic patient. Objective of this study is to know factors that determine the success rate of ICSI on azoospermic patient. This study was conducted using secondary data from Klinik Yasmin Departemen Obstetri dan Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia form January 2010- October 2015. These categorical data was analyzed using SPSS version 16, using chi square and p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Multivariate logistic regression was done to test correlation between variables and success rate. The women’s age significantly influence the success rate of ICSI on azoospermic patient with RO 3.382 and CI95% range within 1.205 – 9.494. To conclude, type of sperm retrieval, endometrial thickness, and the presence of in vitro fertilization indication in women did not influence success rate of ICSI on azoospermic patient. Only women’s age that determined the success rate of ICSI on azoospermic patient.]"

"Frozen Embryo Transfer (FET) merupakan metode transfer embrio yang memiliki keunggulan dibandingkan dengan fresh embryo transfer (ET) karena tidak melalui proses stimulasi ovulasi. Berbagai penelitian sudah dilakukan untuk membandingkan tingkat keberhasilan FET dan ET, namun hasil yang didapat masing-masing penelitian menunjukkan angka yang berbeda, serta ada yang signifikan dan tidak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat keberhasilan kehamilan pasien yang menjalani FET dan dibandingkan dengan yang menjalani ET. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kohort retrospektif, dengan menggunaakan 288 data rekam medis Klinik Yasmin Departemen Obstetri dan Ginekologi Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo. Kehamilan ditentukan dengan kadar hCG ≥50 mIU/mL. Data kemudian dianalisis menggunakan program SPSS 21.0 for Windows dengan uji chi-square untuk melihat hubungan jenis transfer embrio dengan tingkat keberhasilan kehamilan. Selain itu, faktorfaktor lain yang mempengaruhi tingkat keberhasilan kehamilan juga dianalisis secara multivariat dengan metode regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan angka kehamilan FET (39,6%) lebih tinggi daripada angka kehamilan ET (38,2%) namun tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan (p=0,809). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan secara signifikan dengan keberhasilan kehamilan adalah adanya masalah ovarium, penurunan cadangan ovarium, dan masalah infertilitas pada laki-laki.

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Frozen Embryo Transfer (FET) is an embryo transfer method on in vitro fertilization that has advantage compared to fresh embryo transfer (ET) because it does not need ovulatory stimulation. Several studies have been done to compare pregnancy rate outcome of FET and ET, but the results show different number and significancy. The aim of this research was to know the pregnancy rate of FET patients compared to ET. The research was retrospective cohort study and used 288 medical record datas in Obstetry and Gynecology Department of Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital.

Pregnancy was measured by hcG level ≥50 mIU/mL on day 15. All results were statistically analysed by SPSS 21.0 for windows by using chi-square test to know the relation of embryo transfer method and pregnancy rate. Besides that, the other factors that affected pregnancy rate was also analyzed with multivariate logistic regression method. The result showed FET pregnancy rate (39,6%) was higher than ET (38,2%) but not statistically significant (p=0,809). Factors that had significant correlation with pregnancy rate was ovary problem, decrease of ovarian reserve, and male infertility problems."

"Varikokel telah terbukti mempengaruhi kualitas sperma. Namun, efek operasi varikokel terhadap tingkat keberhasilan pengambilan sperma melalui pembedahan dan pola histopatologi testis pada pria dengan azoospermia nonobstruktif belum banyak dilaporkan. Penelitian retrospektif ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi tingkat keberhasilan pengambilan sperma dengan teknik operasi dan pola histopatologi testis pada pria dengan azoospermia nonobstruktif yang dirujuk ke Klinik Urologi di Rumah Sakit Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (Jakarta, Indonesia) dan Rumah Sakit Umum Bunda (Jakarta, Indonesia) pada periode Januari 2009 hingga Desember 2019. Subjek yang dibandingkan adalah pasien yang menjalani prosedur pengambilan sperma melalui pembedahan tidak lebih awal dari tiga bulan setelah operasi varikokel dan pasien yang tidak menjalani operasi varikokel melainkan langsung menjalani prosedur pengambilan sperma melalui pembedahan. Penelitian ini melibatkan 104 subjek dengan rentang usia 26-54 tahun, 42 di antaranya telah menjalani operasi varikokel sebelum prosedur pengambilan sperma. Spermatozoa motil ditemukan pada 29 (69,1%) pasien yang menjalani operasi varikokel dan 17 (27,4%) pasien yang langsung menjalani prosedur pengambilan sperma melalui pembedahan (risiko relatif: 2,51; interval kepercayaan 95%: 1,60±3,96; P < 0,001). Grafik probabilitas yang diprediksi menunjukkan tingkat keberhasilan prosedur pengambilan sperma yang lebih tinggi secara konsisten untuk subjek yang menjalani operasi varikokel terlebih dahulu. Pasien yang menjalani operasi varikokel menunjukkan pola histopatologi testis yang lebih baik (P = 0,001). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah pria dengan azoospermia nonobstruktif dan varikokel klinis yang menjalani operasi varikokel memiliki tingkat keberhasilan pengambilan sperma yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan mereka yang tidak menjalani operasi varikokel.

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Varicocele adversely affects semen parameters. However, the effect of varicocele repair on the sperm retrieval rate and testicular histopathological patterns in men with nonobstructive azoospermia has not been widely reported. We retrospectively assessed the sperm retrieval rates and testicular histopathological patterns in men with nonobstructive azoospermia who were referred to the Urology Clinic in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (Jakarta, Indonesia) and Bunda General Hospital (Jakarta, Indonesia) between January 2009 and December 2019. We compared patients who had undergone a surgical sperm retrieval procedure for assisted reproductive technology no earlier than three months after varicocele repair and those who had not undergone varicocele repair. The study included 104 patients (age range: 26±54 years), 42 of whom had undergone varicocele repair before the sperm retrieval procedure and 62 who had not. Motile spermatozoa were found in 29 (69.1%) and 17 (27.4%) patients who had undergone varicocele repair before the sperm retrieval procedure and those who had not undergone the repair, respectively (relative risk: 2.51; 95% confidence interval: 1.60± 3.96; P < 0.001). A predicted probabilities graph showed consistently higher sperm retrieval rates for patients with varicocele repair, regardless of their follicle-stimulating hormone levels. Patients who underwent varicocele repair showed higher testicular histopathological patterns (P = 0.001). In conclusion, men with nonobstructive azoospermia and clinical varicocele who underwent varicocele repair before the sperm retrieval procedure had higher sperm retrieval rates compared to those who did not undergo varicocele repair"

"Pengantar: Zigot tiga pronukleus (3PN) merupakan salah satu hasil dari fertilisasi abnormal yang sering yang diamati dalam teknologi fertilisasi in vitro, dan biasanya tidak dikultur dan ditransfer atas pertimbangan risiko kelainan kromosom. Namun, informasi mengenai perkembangan dan komposisi genetik embrio 3PN tersebut bermanfaat untuk mempertimbangkan apakah embrio tersebut dapat ditransfer atau tidak apabila tidak didapatkan embrio 2PN ataupun embrio yang dihasilkan sangat sedikit. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui status kromosom embrio 3PN dan menganalisis hubungan antara morfologi embrio 3PN dan status kromosomnya. Hasil: Tiga puluh zigot 3PN dari 16 pasangan/siklus intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) diperoleh selama periode 6 bulan. Biopsi dilakukan pada embrio 3PN hari ke-5/6 dan selanjutnya dilakukan skrining genetik menggunakan metode Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Dari 30 embrio 3PN tersebut, 66,7% memiliki kromosom yang abnormal. Pada tahap pembelahan, tidak didapatkan hubungan antara semua parameter morfologi embrio 3PN dengan status kromosomnya. Sebaliknya, pada tahap blastokista, derajat ekspansi blastokista <3 memiliki kelainan kromosom yang lebih tinggi secara bermakna daripada derajat ekspansi lainnya (90%, P = 0,05). Begitu pula dengan derajat intracellular mass (ICM) dan trofektoderm (TE), embrio dengan derajat ICM bukan A dan TE bukan A memiliki kelainan kromosom yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan (masing-masing 100,0%, P = 0,001 dan 93,3%, P = 0,001). Kesimpulan: status kromosom embrio 3PN berhubungan secara bermakna dengan parameter morfologinya pada tahap blastokista, sehingga penilaian morfologi embrio 3PN pada tahap blastokista dapat digunakan bersama-sama dengan preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) dalam menyeleksi embrio yang euploid supaya dapat ditransfer apabila tidak didapatkan embrio 2PN lainnya.

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Introduction: Three pronuclear (3PN) zygote is one of the most frequently abnormal fertilization observed in IVF/ICSI technology, which are usually discarded as there are concerns about their abnormal chromosomal constitution. However, because in certain cases there are no other embryos available, new information would be valuable to consider transferring or discarding them.

Aim: To analyze the chromosomal constitution 3PN embryos and to investigate the relationship between its morphology and the chromosomal status.

Results: Thirty 3PN zygotes from 18 cycles were reviewed during a 6-month period. Biopsy was performed on day 5/6 which were subsequently screened for chromosomal status by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) method. Of the 30 3PN embryos, 66.7 % were chromosomally abnormal. At the cleavage stage, there were no association between all morphological features and chromosomal status. In contrast, at blastocyst stage, a grade <3 blastocyst expansion had significantly higher chromosomal abnormality than the other grade of expansions (90%, P=0.05). As regards to intercellular mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE), embryos with grade non-A ICM and TE had a significantly higher chromosomal abnormality (100.0%, P=0.001 and 93.3%, P=0.001 respectively).

Conclusion: chromosomal status and 3PN embryo morphology are linked at the blastocyst stage, and thus morphology asessment of 3PN blastocysts can be used in conjunction with PGS to select which embryo should be transferred when no other embryos from 2PN ICSI zygotes are available."

"Pengantar: Zigot tiga pronukleus (3PN) merupakan salah satu hasil dari fertilisasi abnormal yang sering yang diamati dalam teknologi fertilisasi in vitro, dan biasanya tidak dikultur dan ditransfer atas pertimbangan risiko kelainan kromosom. Namun, informasi mengenai perkembangan dan komposisi genetik embrio 3PN tersebut bermanfaat untuk mempertimbangkan apakah embrio tersebut dapat ditransfer atau tidak apabila tidak didapatkan embrio 2PN ataupun embrio yang dihasilkan sangat sedikit..Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui status kromosom embrio 3PN dan menganalisis hubungan antara morfologi embrio 3PN dan status kromosomnya.Hasil: Tiga puluh zigot 3PN dari 16 pasangan/siklus intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) diperoleh selama periode 6 bulan. Biopsi dilakukan pada embrio 3PN hari ke-5/6 dan selanjutnya dilakukan skrining genetik menggunakan metode Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Dari 30 embrio 3PN tersebut, 66,7% memiliki kromosom yang abnormal. Pada tahap pembelahan, tidak didapatkan hubungan antara semua parameter morfologi embrio 3PN dengan status kromosomnya. Sebaliknya, pada tahap blastokista, derajat ekspansi blastokista <3 memiliki kelainan kromosom yang lebih tinggi secara bermakna daripada derajat ekspansi lainnya (90%, P = 0,05). Begitu pula dengan derajat intracellular mass (ICM) dan trofektoderm (TE), embrio dengan derajat ICM bukan A dan TE bukan A memiliki kelainan kromosom yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan (masing-masing 100,0%, P = 0,001 dan 93,3%, P = 0,001).Kesimpulan: status kromosom embrio 3PN berhubungan secara bermakna dengan parameter morfologinya pada tahap blastokista, sehingga penilaian morfologi embrio 3PN pada tahap blastokista dapat digunakan bersama-sama dengan preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) dalam menyeleksi embrio yang euploid supaya dapat ditransfer apabila tidak didapatkan embrio 2PN lainnya

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Introduction: Three pronuclear (3PN) zygote is one of the most frequently abnormal fertilization observed in IVF/ICSI technology, which are usually discarded as there are concerns about their abnormal chromosomal constitution. However, because in certain cases there are no other embryos available, new information would be valuable to consider transferring or discarding them.

Aim: To analyze the chromosomal constitution 3PN embryos and to investigate the relationship between its morphology and the chromosomal status.

Results: Thirty 3PN zygotes from 18 cycles were reviewed during a 6-month period. Biopsy was performed on day 5/6 which were subsequently screened for chromosomal status by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) method. Of the 30 3PN embryos, 66.7 % were chromosomally abnormal. At the cleavage stage, there were no association between all morphological features and chromosomal status. In contrast, at blastocyst stage, a grade <3 blastocyst expansion had significantly higher chromosomal abnormality than the other grade of expansions (90%, P=0.05). As regards to intercellular mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE), embryos with grade non-A ICM and TE had a significantly higher chromosomal abnormality (100.0%, P=0.001 and 93.3%, P=0.001 respectively).

Conclusion: chromosomal status and 3PN embryo morphology are linked at the blastocyst stage, and thus morphology asessment of 3PN blastocysts can be used in conjunction with PGS to select which embryo should be transferred when no other embryos from 2PN ICSI zygotes are available.

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"Latar Belakang Sejumlah penelitian telah menunjukkan dampak negative obesitas pada fertilitas dan hasil kehamilan pada pasien sindrom ovarium polikistik (SOPK) yang menjalani in vitro fertilization (IVF) atau juga umumnya dikenal sebagai program bayi tabung. Oleh karena itu, studi ini bertujuan untuk meneliti hubungan antara obesitas sebagaimana direpresentasikan oleh indeks massa tubuh (IMT) dan angka kehamilan pada pasien SOPK di Klinik Yasmin Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSM). Metode Sejumlah 45 pasien SOPK obese dan 45 pasien non-obese dikumpulkan dari rekam medis. Analisis chi-square dilakukan untuk meneliti hubungan obesitas dengan angka kehamilan biokimia dan klinis. Terlebih dari itu, dilakukan analisis perbedaan kelompok rata-rata untuk melihat perbedaan perlakuan program bayi tabung yang diberikan pada dua kelompok pasien SOPK yang dapat memengaruhi hasil dan menjelaskan hasil tingkat kehamilan. Hasil Tidak ditemukan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara obesitas, sebagaimana direpresentasikan oleh IMT, dan angka kehamilan baik secara biokimia maupun klinis pada pasien SOPK yang menjalani program bayi tabung di Klinik Yasmin RSCM. Kesimpulan Meskipun tidak teridentifikasi hubungan yang signifikan antara IMT dan angka kehamilan pada pasien SOPK dalam populasi penelitian kami, hal ini menunjukkan adanya kemungkinan adanya faktor lain yang berkontribusi pada infertilitas dan patofisiologi SOPK. Maka dari itu, penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk menjelajahi faktor-faktor tersebut.

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Introduction Previous studies have suggested the negative impact obesity on fertility and pregnancy outcomes in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). Therefore, this study aims to investigate the significance of obesity in PCOS pregnancy outcomes by identifying the association between body mass index (BMI) and pregnancy rates in obese and non-obese (lean) PCOS patients undergoing IVF at Klinik Yasmin Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM). Method Ninety patient records were collected and analyzed (obese N = 45; lean N = 45). The study mainly focused on assessing the association between BMI and both biochemical and clinical pregnancy rates in obese patient group using chi-square analysis. We also conducted a supplementary analysis of mean group differences to explore variations in IVF intervention between the two patient groups that could possibly account for pregnancy rate outcomes. Results No statistically significant association between obesity, as denoted by BMI, and biochemical as well as clinical pregnancy rates in PCOS patients undergoing IVF in Klinik Yasmin RSCM. Conclusion Although we were unable to identify a statistically significant association between BMI and pregnancy rates in PCOS patients undergoing IVF within our study population, our findings suggest the possible role of additional factors that may contribute to infertility in this syndrome. Further research is needed to explore other factors that may strongly contribute to pregnancy outcomes in women with PCOS."

"Infertilitas pada pasangan yang diakibatkan oleh pria mencapai angka 40. Untuk diagnosis klinis pasti penyebab infertilitas dan pengecekan apakah dapat dilakukan ekstraksi spermazoa dilakukan prosedur invasif berupa biopsi testis. Pada penelitian potong lintang ini dianalisis hubungan antara FSH dan gambaran spermatogenik pada 72 pasien azoospermia di Jakarta Pusat yang melakukan biopsi testis pada tahun 2011 - 2015 untuk kemungkinan prediksi ada tidaknya spermatozoa. Kedua data didapatkan dari data sekunder baik rekam medis ataupun hasil laboratorium. Hasil analisis menggunakan Oneway ANOVA dan post-hoc test menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan rerata yang berarti pada minimal 2 kelompok antara kadar FSH dan gambaran spermatogenik.

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Infertility in couples caused by men reached the number of 40 . For the clinical diagnosis and to check for the possibility of testicular sperm retrieval an invasive procedure of testicular biopsy was performed. In this cross sectional study the association of FSH and the spermatogenic histology was analysed on 72 azoospermic patient in Central Jakarta. This patients had undergone testicular biopsy between 2011 ndash 2015 to predict the existence of spermatozoa. Both data were acquired from medical record and lab results. The data were analyzed using Oneway ANOVA and post hoc test was performed the result show significant difference in minimal 2 categories between FSH and spermatogenic histology."

"Latar Belakang: Nutrisi ibu diketahui memiliki peran dalam meningkatkan kualitas oosit yang dapat meningkatkan keberhasilan program IVF/ICSI. Kedelai (Glycine maxx (L.)Merr.) merupakan salah satu sumber nutrisi dan gizi potensial karena mengandung asam linoleat dan genistein yang dapat berperan dalam meningkatkan kualitas oosit dan perkembangan embrio.Tujuan: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental untuk melihat efek pemberian pakan kedelai terhadap kualitas perkembangan embrio pasca fertilisasi menggunakan IVF/ICSI. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan hewan uji coba berupa mencit betina galur DDY usia 6-8 minggu yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, kelompok diberi kedelai di samping pakan standar (K) dan kelompok kontrol yang hanya diberi pakan standar (NK), serta mencit jantan galur DDY usia 12-15 minggu. Oosit dikoleksi dan kemudian difertilisasi menggunakan metode IVF/ICSI. Embrio yang dihasilkan diamati dengan mikroskop terbalik pada hari 1-3 pasca fertilisasi.Hasil Penelitian: Pada kelompok dengan perlakuan pakan kedelai terdapat peningkatan jumlah dan kualitas oosit sehingga terjadi peningkatan jumlah perkembangan embrio dengan kualitas baik. Pada hari pertama pasca fertilisasi didapat NK= 63,75% baik, 36,25% buruk; K= 61,08% baik, 39,92% buruk . Pada hari ketiga pasca IVF/ICSI ditemukan NK = 26,25% baik, 73,75% buruk; K= 22,17% baik, 77,83% buruk. Namun, Uji Chi Square NK vs K hari pertama (p = 0,678; OR =1,120), dan ketiga (p = 0,465; OR 1,250). Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kedelai dapat meningkatkan jumlah embrio dengan kualitas perkembangan yang baik, namun tidak meningkatkan atau menurunkan proporsi jumlah embrio baik maupun buruk pada prosedur IVF/ICSI.

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Background: Nutrition is thought to play a role to increase oocyte quality and increases the success of IVF/ICSI. One particular food, Soybean (Glycine maxx (L.)Merr) is a known source of high nutrition and potential benefit because it contains linoleic acid and genistein that it is thought to increase the quality of oocyte and therefore improves embryo development quality.

Aim: This research is an experimental study to observe the effect of soybean feed on the development quality of mice embryo post fertilization using IVF/ICSI.

Method: This research uses female DDY strain mice age 6-8 weeks which are divided into two groups, soybean fed alongside standard pellet (K) and control with only standard pellet fed (NK), and male DDY strain mice age 12-15 weeks, as animal models. The female mice are also given hormonal stimulus to induce superovulation. The oocytes are then fertilized using IVF/ICSI method and the embryo are then observed on day 1-3 post fertilization. 

Result: Result of this study shows an increase in the number and quality of oocyte in the soybean fed (K) group.  On day-1 embryo observation, NK= 63,75% good, 36,25% bad; K= 61,08% good, 39,92% bad . On day-3, NK = 26,25% good, 73,75% bad; K= 22,17% good, 77,83% bad. However, the study also shows that there is no significant difference in the percentage or proportion of good versus bad embryos in both groups on day-1 (p = 0,678; OR =1,120),  and day-3 (p = 0,465; OR 1,250).

Conclusion: This study concludes that soybean can increase the number of embryos with good development quality but does not increase nor decrease the proportion of good versus bad embryo in an IVF/ICSI procedure."

"Spermatogenic arrest adalah kondisi terhentinya proses maturasi sel germinal yang selama ini diagnosisnya ditegakkan melalui skoring Johnsen hasil biopsi testis. Protein yang berperan penting dalam proses transkripsi selama spermatogenesis adalah CREM yang berikatan dengan aktivatornya yaitu ACT yang diduga diregulasi oleh SPAG8 dan RANBP9. Sampai saat ini peranan kedua gen tersebut dalam proses spermatogenic arrest belum diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ekspresi relatif Spag8 dan RanBP9 pada spermatogenic arrest serta menganalisis korelasi ekspresi kedua gen. Penelitian ini merupakan studi cross sectional yang menggunakan sampel berupa hasil biopsi testis dengan skoring Johnsen 2 sampai 8. Analisis ekspresi relatif Spag8 dan RanBP9 menggunakan teknik qRT-PCR dengan perhitungan Livak. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis statistik menggunakan uji ANOVA one way untuk Spag8 dan uji Kruskal Wallis untuk RanBP9 dengan nilai kemaknaan p

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Spermatogenic arrest is a cessation of germ cell maturation process that has been diagnosed by scoring Johnsen testicular biopsy results. Proteins that play an important role in the transcription process during spermatogenesis are CREMs that bind to their ACT activators that are suspected to be regulated by SPAG8 and RANBP9. Until now the role of both genes in the spermatogenic arrest process is not known. This study aims to determine the relative expression of Spag8 and RanBP9 on spermatogenic arrest and to analyze the correlation of expression of both genes. This study is a cross sectional study using a sample of testicular biopsy with Johnsen 2 to 8 score. Relative expression analysis of Spag8 and RanBP9 using qRT PCR technique with Livak calculation. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using ANOVA one way test for Spag8 and Kruskal Wallis test for RanBP9 with significance value p "

"Modifikasi pada metode injeksi udara diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kinerja teknologi elektrolisis plasma guna memperbesar intensitas dan reaktivitas dari spesi yang bereaksi, khususnya radikal hidroksil, yang mengoksidasi senyawa-senyawa organik dalam limbah cair. Dengan pertimbangan untuk memperoleh kondisi elektrolisis plasma tersebut, maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh daya, laju injeksi udara, dan deposit oksida logam terhadap degradasi Remazol Red dengan metode injeksi udara di katoda. Metode ini akan dilakukan pada reaktor batch menggunakan variasi daya 400 W, 500 W, dan 600 W, variasi laju injeksi udara 0.6 Lpm, 0.8 Lpm, 1 Lpm, 1.2 Lpm, dan 1.5 Lpm, serta pengaruh terbentuknya lapisan deposit oksida logam pada ujung anoda. Pada penelitian ini, diperoleh laju injeksi udara yang menghasilkan tingkat degradasi optimum adalah 1 Lpm dan variasi daya yang optimum untuk laju injeksi tersebut adalah 600 W. Persentase degradasi optimum Remazol Red mencapai 99,87 %, sementara degradasi Pt-Co sebesar 96,32 %, dan COD sebesar 79,74 % pada konsentrasi awal limbah 200 ppm dan FeSO4 20 ppm. Produk samping yang didapat berupa amonia sebesar 0,184 mmol dan nitrat sebesar 1,506 mmol.

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Modification on the air injection method is needed to improve the performance of plasma electrolysis technology to increase the intensity and reactivity of reacting species, especially hydroxyl radicals, which oxidize organic compounds in liquid waste. With consideration of obtaining plasma electrolysis conditions, this research aims to determine the effect of power, air injection rate, and metal oxide deposit on the degradation of Remazol Red using cathode air injection. This method will be carried out in a batch reactor using power variations of 400 W, 500 W, and 600 W, air injection rate variations of 0.6 Lpm, 0.8 Lpm, 1 Lpm, 1.2 Lpm, and 1.5 Lpm, as well as the effect of metal oxide deposit formation. In this research, the air injection rate that produced the optimum degradation rate was 1 Lpm and the optimum power variation for this injection rate was 600 W. The optimum degradation percentage for Remazol Red reached 99.87%, while Pt-Co degradation was 96.32%., and COD of 79.74% at an initial waste concentration of 200 ppm and FeSO4 20 ppm. The by-products obtained were 0.184 mmol of ammonia and 1.506 mmol of nitrate"