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"Latar Belakang: LCU-LED prototip metode PWM iradiansi 900 dan 1.000 mW/cm2 telah dibuat untuk mengurangi panas akibat polimerisasi dengan waktu penyinaran 10 detik. Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh iradiansi terhadap kekerasan permukaan komposit resin nano. Metode: Sampel disinar dengan LCU-LED prototip iradiansi 900 dan 1.000 mW/cm2 serta LCU-LED pembanding iradiansi 900 mW/cm2. Kekerasan permukaan diuji dengan sistem Knoop. Data dianalisis dengan One-way ANOVA dan Post-HocTest. Hasil: Kekerasan permukaan antar kelompok berbeda signifikan kecuali antara penyinaran LCU-LED prototip iradiansi 900 mW/cm2 dan LCU-LED pembanding iradiansi 900 mW/cm2. Kesimpulan: Penyinaran iradiansi 900 mW/cm2 dari LCU-LED prototip dan LCU-LED pembanding menunjukan kekerasan permukaan yang sama.

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Introduction: Prototype LCU-LED using PWM with irradiance 900 and 1,000mW/cm2 has constructed that can reduce temperature for polymerizing in ten seconds. Objectives: To analyze influence of irradiance to the hardness of nano resin composites. Methods: Samples were polymerized using the prototype with irradiance of 900 and 1,000mW/cm2 or the off-the-shelf LCU-LED (900mW/cm2) as comparison. Hardness was measured using Knoop system. Statistical analysis was conducted by One-Way ANOVA and post-hoctest. Results: There’s significant differences among the groups except those between prototype and comparison with irradiance of 900mW/cm2. Conclusions: Hardness from prototype is equal to those from comparison with irradiance of 900mW/cm2"

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: LCU prototip dengan metode PWM-kombinasi dengan iradiansi sinar 800, 900, dan 1.000 mW/cm2 telah dibuat untuk mencegah kenaikan suhu pulpa akibat polimerisasi. Tujuan: Menganalisis kekerasan komposit resin yang dipolimerisasi dengan LCU berbeda iradiansi sinar. Metode: Spesimen merupakan komposit resin yang dipolimerisasi dengan LCU prototip (PWMkombinasi) beriradiansi sinar 800, 900, atau 1.000 mW/cm2 atau dengan LCU pembanding (900 mW/cm2). Kekerasan komposit resin diukur menggunakan sistem Knoop. Hasil: Kekerasan komposit resin antar kelompok berbeda bermakna (p<0,05) kecuali yang diberi iradiansi sinar 900 mW/cm2 dari LCUprototip dan LCU pembanding. Kesimpulan: Kekerasan komposit resin dipengaruhi oleh iradiansi sinar dari LCU prototip. LCU prototip atau LCU pembanding dengan iradiansi 900 mW/cm2 menghasilkan kekerasan komposit resin yang sama.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Prototype light curing unit (LCU) with PWM-combined lightirradiance of 800, 900, and 1.000 mW/cm2 was made to prevent the pulp temperature rise due to the polymerization. Objective: To analyze the hardness of resin composites polymerized by LCU different light irradiation. Methods: The specimen is resin composites polymerized by prototype LCU light irradiance 800, 900, or 1.000 mW/cm2 or with comparison LCU (900 mW/cm2). Hardness of resin composite test performed by Knoop system. Result: There is significant differences (p<0.05) among the groups except those between using the prototype LCU and comparison LCU that have irradiance of 900 mW/cm2. Conclusions: The hardness of resin composite was influenced by the irradiance of prototype LCU. The hardness of resin composite from prototype LCU is equal to those from comparison LCU irradiance of 900 mW/cm2."

"Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat kekerasan permukaan dasar komposit resin aktivasi sinar yang berbeda warna. Tiga kelompok spesimen komposit resin warna terang (B1), sedang (A3), gelap (C3) dari Z250XT, 3M ESPE (USA) berbentuk silinder dipolimerisasi menggunakan LED light curing unit. Uji kekerasan dilakukan menggunakan Knoop Microhardness Tester. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa komposit resin warna terang (B1), sedang (A3) dan gelap (C3), berurutan, 82,4+1.1 KHN, 75,9+1.2 KHN dan 65.9+1.91 KHN. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p<0,001) antara masing-masing kelompok spesimen komposit. Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kekerasan permukaan dasar komposit resin antara warna yang berbeda.

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The objective of the present study was to observe the undersurface microhardness of nanofilled light-cured resin composites of different shades. Three groups of specimens are used, light-shade(B1), medium-shade(A3), and dark-shade(C3) from Z250XT,3M ESPE-USA in the silinder form which later polymerized using LED light curing unit. The microhardness was tested using Knoop Microhardness Tester. The microhardness test result of light (B1), medium (A3), and dark shade (C3), 82,4+1.1 KHN, 75,9+1.2 KHN and 65.9+1.91 KHN respectively. The result showed a significant difference (p<0,001) between each group. The study proved difference undersurface microhardness between different shades of resin composite."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh warna komposit resin nano aktivasi sinar terhadap temperatur di permukaan dasar. Spesimen berupa komposit resin warna terang (B1), sedang (A3), dan gelap (C3) dari Filtek Z350XT (3MESPE, USA). Uji temperatur dilakukan di permukaan dasar spesimen pada saat dilakukan penyinaran menggunakan light curing unit. Terdapat perbedaan temperatur permukaan dasar antara komposit resin warna B1 dan A3 (p<0,05), warna A3 dan C3 (p<0,05), serta warna B1 dan C3 (p<0,001). Disimpulkan, warna komposit resin mempengaruhi temperatur permukaan dasar.

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The objective of the present study was to analyse the effect of light-cured nanofilled resin composite shades on their undersurface temperature. Specimens are lighter shade (B1), darker shade (C3), and middle shade (A3) of light-cured nanofilled resin composites (Filtek Z350XT, 3M-ESPE, USA). Temperature measurement was conducted on the undersurface of specimens when cured using a light curing unit. It was shown that there are temperature differences between the composites of B1 and A3 (p<0,05), A3 and C3 (p<0,05), as well as B1 and C3 (p<0,001). In conclusion, shade of light-cured nanofilled resin composites influenced their undersurface temperature."

"ABSTRAKTujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh iradiansi sinar terhadap viabilitas sel dari komposit resin. Metode: Spesimen dibuat dengan memolimerisasi komposit resin yang dilakukan menggunakan LED-LCU prototip beriradiansi 800 dan 1000 mW/cm2 atau dengan LCU pembanding (900 mW/cm2). Ekstrak spesimen dipaparkan selama 1, 2 atau 3 hari dan dilakukan uji viabilitas sel menggunakan MTT assay. Hasil: Viabilitas sel dari komposit resin dengan lama perendaman sampai dengan 3 hari tidak berbeda bermakna (p>0.05), namun viabilitas sel dari komposit resin antar kelompok iradiansi sinar berbeda bermakna (p<0.05). Kesimpulan: Viabilitas sel dari komposit resin tidak dipengaruhi oleh lama perendaman, namun dipengaruhi oleh iradiansi sinar.

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ABSTRACTObjectives: To analyze the effect of irradiance on the cell viability of resin composite. Methods: Resin composite specimen polymerized by prototype LED-LCU irradiance 800 and 1000 mW/cm2 or with comparison LCU (900 mW/cm2). Specimen extract immersed 1, 2 and 3 days and examined the cell viability by MTT assay. Results: Cell viability of resin composite by immersed time until 3 days had not significant different (p>0.05), however cell viability of resin composite between light irradiance group had significant different (p<0.05). Conclusion: Viability cell of resin composite had not influenced by immersed time, however influenced by light irradiance."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh ketebalan komposit resin serat pendek KRSP dan iradiansi terhadap kekerasan dan depth of cure DoC. Dua puluh empat spesimen KRSP berbentuk silinder berdiameter 6 mm dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok ketebalan; 4 dan 5 mm n=12. Masing-masing kelompok dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yang dipolimerisasi dengan iradiansi berbeda; 1000 dan 1200 mW/cm2 n=6. Setiap spesimen dipolimerisasi selama 20 detik dengan jarak penyinaran 2 mm. Nilai kekerasan didapat melalui uji kekerasan Vickers dan DoC didapat dengan mengukur rasio kekerasan permukaan bawah terhadap permukaan atas. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik One-Way ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan.

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This study aims to analyze the effect of short fibre reinforced resin composite SFRC thickness and light curing irradiance on the hardness and depth of cure DoC . Twenty four specimens of SFRC were made into cylindrical shape with a diameter of 6 mm and divided into 2 different thickness groups 4 and 5 mm n 12. Each group was divided into another 2 different groups which was cured by different irradiance 1000 and 1200 mW cm2 n 6 . Each specimen was cured for 20s with 2 mm light curing distance. The hardness was measured by Vickers hardness test and DoC was measured by calculating a hardness ratio of the bottom to the top surface of specimens. Data were analyzed statistically by One Way ANOVA tests. The result showed significant differences."

"Latar Belakang: Pengunyahan merupakan proses makanan dihancurkan dan dicampur dengan air liur untuk membentuk bolus untuk ditelan. Proses pengunyahan memberikan tekanan pada gigi yang mempengaruhi degradasi sifat mekanik pada gigi. Salah satu cara untuk mengembalikan email yang terdegradasi adalah dilakukan restorasi dengan bahan seperti resin komposit. Bahan restorasi diharapkan memiliki sifat mekanik yang sebanding dengan email. Tujuan: Menganalisis perbedaan kekerasan mikro permukaan resin komposit mikro hibrida dengan resin komposit nano hibrida. Metode: 8 spesimen resin komposit mikro hibrida (Kerr Herculite™ Précis Composite) dan 8 spesimen resin komposit nano hibrida (Kerr Harmonize™ Nano hibrida Universal Composite) disiapkan untuk uji kekerasan mikro permukaan lalu dianalisis dengan uji Independent T-Test. Hasil Penelitian: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna dengan signifikansi p<0,041 (p<0,05) antara nilai kekerasan mikro permukaan resin komposit mikro hibrida dan resin komposit nano hibrida dengan nilai kekerasan resin komposit nano hibrida lebih tinggi (45,51 KHN) dibandingkan dengan resin komposit mikro hibrida (42,31 KHN). Kesimpulan: Resin komposit nano hibrida memiliki kekerasan mikro permukaan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan resin komposit mikro hibrida.

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Background: Chewing is the process of crushing food and mixing with saliva to form a bolus for swallowing. The chewing process puts pressure on the teeth which affects the degradation of the mechanical properties of the teeth. One of the ways to restore degraded enamel is to do restoration with materials such as composite resin. The restoration material is expected to have mechanical properties comparable to that of enamel. Objective: Analyzing the differences in surface microhardness of microhybrid composite resin with nanohybrid composite resin. Methods: 8 specimens of microhybrid composite resin (Kerr Herculite ™ Précis Composite) and 8 specimens of nanohybrid composite resin (Kerr Harmonize ™ Nanohybrid Universal Composite) were prepared for surface microhardness testing and then analyzed by Independent T-Test. Result: There was a significant difference with a significance of p <0.041 (p <0.05) between the surface micro-hardness value of hybrid micro-composite resin and nano-hybrid composite resin with higher surface microhardness value for nanohybrid composite resin (45.51 KHN) compared to microhybrid composite resin. (42.31 KHN). Conclusion: The nanohybrid composite resin has higher surface microhardness compared to the microhybrid composite resin."

"Latar belakang: LCU-LED prototipe metode PWM iradiansi 900 dan 1.000 mW/cm2 telah dibuat untuk mengurangi panas dengan lama penyinaran 10 detik.Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh iradiansi terhadap kekuatan tarik diametral komposit resin nanofil.Metodologi: Spesimen disinar dengan LCU-LED prototipe iradiansi 900 dan 1.000 mW/cm2 serta LCU pembanding (900 mW/cm2). Komposit resin nanofil ditumpat ke dalam cetakan stainless steel. Uji kekuatan tarik diametral dilakukan menggunakan Universal Testing Machine. Analisis statistik menggunakan One-way ANOVA dan LSD(α=0.05).Hasil penelitian: Kekuatan tarik diametral dari iradiansi 900,1.000 mW/cm2 dan LCU pembanding secara berurutan adalah 48,75±5,3, 49,85±7,7 dan 49,48±5,3 MPa. Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada semua kelompok (p>0.05).Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat pengaruh iradiansi sinar 900 dan 1000 mW/cm2 terhadap kekuatan Tarik diametral komposit resin nanofil.

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Background: Prototype LCU-LED using PWM with irradiance 900 and 1,000mW/cm2 has constructed that can reduce temperature for polymerizing in ten seconds.

Objective: To analyze the effect of difference irradiance on diametral tensile strength of the composite resin nanofilled.

Method: Speciments were polymerized using the prototype with irradiance of 900, 1.000 mW/cm2 and commercially avaiable(900 mW/cm2) as comparison. Diametral tensile strength was determined using Universal Testing Machine. Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA followed by LSD(α=0,05).

Result: Value of diametral tensile strength irradiance 900,1.000 mW/cm2 and commercial avaiable were 48.75 ± 49.85 ± 5.3 MPa and 7.7 MPa respectively. Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference in groups(p>0.05).

Conclusion: There is no effect of light irradiance on the diametral tensile strength of composite resin nanofilled."

"Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan sumber sinar berbeda terhadap kekuatan tarik diametral resin komposit bulk-fill. Resin komposit bulk-fill Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill dibuat sebanyak 20 spesimen berbentuk lempeng dengan diameter 6 mm dan tebal 3 mm. Spesimen dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok yang disinari dengan sumber sinar QTH dan sumber sinar LED. Uji kekuatan tarik diametral dilakukan dengan menggunakan Universal Testing Machine. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rerata kekuatan tarik diametral resin komposit bulk-fill yang disinari sumber sinar QTH dan LED sebesar 38.62 2.34 dan 42.02 3.21. Hasil uji independent sample T menunjukkan nilai rerata pada kedua kelompok berbeda bermakna.

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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of using different light sources on the diametral tensile strength of bulk fill resin composite. Bulk fill resin composite Tetric N Ceram Bulk Fill was used to make of 20 disc shape specimens with 6 mm in diameter and 3 mm in thickness. Specimens were divided into two groups, the two groups were polymerized with using QTH and LED light source curing unit. Diametral tensile strength test was conducted by using a Universal Testing Machine Shimadzu, Japan. The results showed that diametral tensile strength mean value of bulk fill resin composite that were cured with QTH and LED light source were 38.62 2.34 and 42.02 3.21 MPa respectively. Independent sample t test results showed that the mean value of the two groups was significantly different."

"Resin komposit termasuk dalam material restoratif direk yang proses pengerasannya melalui proses polimerisasi dibantu dengan bantuan cahaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jarak dan durasi penyinaran terhadap kekerasan permukaan resin komposit nanofilled. 60 spesimen resin komposit yang ditumpat dalam mold dibagi ke dalam 6 kelompok berdasarkan jarak dan durasi penyinaran yang berbeda yaitu 2 mm, 5 mm, dan 8 mm; serta 20 detik dan 40 detik. Rerata nilai tertinggi dimiliki oleh kelompok dengan jarak terkecil dan durasi penyinaran terlama sedangkan nilai rerata terendah terdapat pada kelompok dengan jarak terbesar dan durasi penyinaran tersingkat. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antar tiap kelompok perlakuan dengan jarak yang berbeda, namun pada 2 kelompok yang memiliki jarak tip LED Light Curing Unit sebesar 8 mm, tidak ada perbedaan bermakna. Dapat disimpulkan, jarak tip LED Light Curing Unit dan durasi penyinaran berpengaruh terhadap kekerasan permukaan resin komposit nanofilled. Pengaruh durasi penyinaran hanya signifikan apabila jarak tip LED Light Curing Unit terhadap permukaan resin komposit kurang atau sama dengan 5 mm.

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Composite resin is a material of choice for direct restorations. Hardening process of composite resin is triggered by light to begin the polymerization process. The aim of this research was to assess the effect of LED light curing unit's tip distance and curing time to surface hardness of nanofilled composite resin. 60 specimens were prepared into a mold and they were divided into 6 groups based on the different curing distance and time which is 2 mm, 5 mm, and 8 mm along with 20 seconds and 40 seconds. The highest surface hardness was seen in group with 2 mm tip's distance and 40 seconds curing time, while the lowest was seen in group with 8 mm tip's distance and 20 seconds curing time. Significant differences were seen between different tip's distances but in 2 groups which has 8 mm tip's distances and different curing time, there is no significant differences. In coclusion, LED light curing unit's tip distance and curing time is affecting surface hardness of nanofilled composite resin. Curing time only affect the surface hardness if the tip's distance is less than 8 mm."