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"World maritime axis has been launched by President Joko Widodo, and its implementation is being overseen by the Indonesian parliament (DPR RI). Countries from inside and outside of the southeast Asia region show their own different responses, particularly connected with infrastructure development policy and law enforcement on the field. This essay is part of a comprehensive research report on the Indonesian new government's policy under Joko Widodo and the responses of other countries toward them, which discloses different reactions, arguments, reason and responses. The research was conducted in 2015 in provinces of Sumatera, Mollucas and Papua, whose data gathering is carried out by using library studies, focus group discussions, and in-depth interview with decision makers and experts on maritime sector development. Data analysis applied a qualitative method. Its findings reveal inconsistent responses of foreign countries in giving foreign investments for infrastructure development, and their critical views, and moreover, assertive towards law enforcement in the Indonesia water. "

"Kebijakan keamanan nasional Indonesia yang telah berorientasi terhadap ancaman dari luar dan cenderung mengabaikan keberadaan keamanan individu. Mengingat keberadaan ancaman invasi militer dari negara Iain sejak berakhirnya Perang Dingin telah berkurang atau bahkan tidak ada, justru ancaman terhadap keamanan nasional muncul dari beberapa sektor lain di Iuar militer, seperti masalah lingkungan dan sosial.Penerapan Doktrin Sishankamrata sebagai landasan dalam upaya melakukan pertahanan negara, memberikan kemungkinan terjadinya pelanggaran terhadap hukum humaniter dan prinsip perang yang adil.Permasalahan yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah, apakah Doktrin Sishankamrata memberikan perlindungan terhadap keamanan manusia? Sejauh manakah permasalahan-permasalahan non-combatant timbul dalam perang rakyat semesta?Untuk menjawab pokok permasalahan di atas, penelitian ini menggunakan pemikiran-pemikiran tentang Keamanan Nasional (Joseph S. Nye, Jr., HJ . Morgenthau) dan Keamanan Manusia (Barry Buzan, J. Ann Tickner, Ole Weaver) melalui sudut pandangan Hukum Humaniter dan Perang yang Adil (Michael Walzer, Liebe C. Greene) melalui metode kulitatif sebagai pilihan cara dalam memahami pemaknaan keamanan nasional Indonesia.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada penerapan perang semesta yang terjadi di Bosnia-Herzegovina, menunjukkan bahwa perang semesta telah mengaburkan prinsip diskriminasi yang mengharuskan pembedaan antara combatant dan non-combatant. Begitu pula dalam penerapan Doktrin Sishankamrata dalam konflik internal (Timor-Timur, Aceh dan Papua) yang terjadi di Indonesia, yang menyebabkan terjadinya konflik horizontal dalam masyarakat.Implikasi teoritik dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa teori Keamanan Nasional dalam pemikiran tradisional (dengan penekanan pada state centric) seperti yang diimplementasikan dalam Perang Semesta dan Doktrin Sishankamrata tidak sejalan dengan hukum humaniter dan prinsip perang yang adil, baik prinsip jus ad helium maupun jus in bella. Seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam kasus Bosnia-Herzegovina dan konflik internal di Indonesia (Timor Timur, Aceh dan Papua).

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Indonesian National Security Policy until today is still orienting through external threat and tends to ignore the existence of individual security. Considering that the existence of military invasion threat irom other countries since the end of Cold War had been reduced or even disappeared, but threat of National Security is occur from many other sectors outside military such as environment and social problem.

The implementation of SISHANKAMRATA Doctrine as a guideline in country defense causes acts against humanitarian law and just war principle.

The issue which want to be taken up in this research is Does SISHANKAMRATA Doctrine give protection for human security? How far the non-combatant issues occur within the total war?

To answer the main problems above, this research is using many thoughts pertaining National Security (Joseph S. Nye, Jr., HJ. Morgenthau) and Human Security (Barry Buzan, J. Ann Tickner, Ole Weaver) through Humanitarian Law and Just War (Michael Walzer, Liebe C. Greene) perspectives and using qualitative method in order to understand Indonesian National Security.

The result of this research shows that the implementation of total war in Bosnia- Herzegovina had made unclear discrimination principle which supposed to make separation between combatants with non-combatant. This also happened to the implementation of SIS TA Doctrine in internal conflict (East Timor, Aceh and Papua) in Indonesia which caused the occurrence of horizontal conflict within the society.

Theoretical implication in this research is that National Security Theory in traditional thought (emphasizing to state centric) as what had been implemented in Total War and SISHANKAMRATA Doctrine, were not the same with Humanitarian Law and Just War principle, in jus ad bellum principle or even in jus in bella, as what had been shown in Bosnia-Herzegovina case and internal conflict in Indonesia (East Timor, Aceh and Papua)."

"Kerja sama pengembangan bersama pesawat jet tempur KFX/IFX telah berjalan selama lebih dari satu dekade. Terdapat beberapa rencana yang akan diterapkan dalam kerja sama ini. Selama beberapa tahun kerja sama ini berjalan, beberapa rencana-rencana tersebut berhasil diterapkan. Namun, tidak semua hal yang direncanakan dalam kerja sama ini berlangsung lancar. Terlebih lagi, kerja sama ini juga mengalami berbagai penundaan yang dilakukan oleh Korea Selatan dan Indonesia, adanya pandangan negatif dari kedua negara terkait kerja sama ini, dan adanya rencana pembelian pesawat jet tempur oleh kedua negara dari negara lain meskipun kerja sama ini sedang berlanjut. Walaupun begitu, Indonesia dan Korea Selatan tetap memutuskan untuk melanjutkan kerja sama ini. Skripsi ini mempertanyakan alasan yang membuat Indonesia dan Korea Selatan memutuskan untuk melanjutkan kerja sama tersebut. Skripsi ini menggunakan kerangka analisis kerja sama industri pertahanan dan metode penelusuran causal-process tracing untuk menjelaskan alasan di balik keputusan tersebut. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa terdapat lima alasan yang mendorong kelanjutan kerja sama KFX/IFX, yakni keinginan Indonesia dan Korea Selatan untuk mengurangi ketergantungan impor alutsista; potensi pengembangan industri pertahanan nasional kedua negara dari kerja sama KFX/IFX; keinginan Indonesia dan Korea Selatan untuk mendapatkan keuntungan diplomatik; kemungkinan kerja sama industri pertahanan Indonesia dan Korea Selatan di masa depan; dan  keinginan Indonesia dan Korea Selatan memperoleh prestise.

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The joint development cooperation of KFX/IFX fighter jets has been going on for more than a decade. There are several plans that will be implemented in this cooperation. During the several years of this cooperation, several of these plans were successfully implemented. However, not everything planned in this cooperation went smoothly. Moreover, this cooperation has also experienced various delays by South Korea and Indonesia, negative views from the two countries regarding this cooperation, and there are plans to purchase fighter jets by the two countries from other countries even though this cooperation is still ongoing. Even so, Indonesia and South Korea still decided to continue this cooperation. This thesis questions the reasons that made Indonesia and South Korea decide to continue the cooperation. This thesis uses an analytical framework of defense industry cooperation and a causal-process tracing method to explain the reasons behind this decision. This study finds that there are five reasons that encourage the continuation of KFX/IFX cooperation, namely the desire of Indonesia and South Korea to reduce dependence on imported main weapon system; the potential for the development of the national defense industry of the two countries from the KFX/IFX cooperation; the desire of Indonesia and South Korea to gain diplomatic advantage; the possibility of cooperation in the defense industry of Indonesia and South Korea in the future; and the desire of Indonesia and South Korea to gain prestige."

"SummaryGlobal perspectives of military sociology and its contribution to the transformation of the Indonesian Armed Forces."