Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Written by internationally eminent experts in cardiovascular imaging, this volume provides state-of-the-art information on the use of MRI and CT in the assessment of cardiac and vascular diseases. This third edition, now in four-color, reflects recent significant advances in cardiovascular MRI technology and the continuing emergence of multi-detector CT as an important diagnostic modality, particularly for ischemic heart disease. Seven new chapters have been added including chapters on anatomy, cardiovascular MR in infants/​children, assessing myocardial viability, risk assessment in ischemic heart disease and MR guidance."

"Over the past decade, PET-CT has achieved great success owing to its ability to simultaneously image structure and function, and show how the two are related. More recently, PET-MRI has also been developed, and it represents an exciting novel option that promises to have applications in oncology as well as neurology. The first part of this book discusses the basics of these dual-modality techniques, including the scanners themselves, radiotracers, scan performance, quantitation, and scan interpretation. As a result, the reader will learn how to perform the techniques to maximum benefit. The second part of the book then presents in detail the PET-CT and PET-MRI findings in cancers of the different body systems. The final two chapters address the use of PET/CT in radiotherapy planning and examine areas of controversy. The authors are world-renowned experts from North America, Europe, and Australia, and the lucid text is complemented by numerous high-quality illustrations."

"Cardiac CT scanners are rapidly improving, each major vendor has introduced a state of the art scanner every 2–3 years. The basic applications, terminology and acquisition has not changed dramatically, however, improvements in hardware and software continue to reduce radiation exposure, scan times, artifacts and improve image quality. This chapter outlines the basic CT terminology, functions and background behind the current state of CT scan- ners for cardiac applications. It reviews spatial, temporal and contrast resolution limits of the CT scanners. An overview of common terms, radiation exposure and protocols are included. This acts as an introductory chapter to be expanded by subsequent chapters that will each go into more details on specific topics. Comparison to magnetic resonance for image quality and functionality, and dose comparisons to mammography, nuclear and fluoroscopy are included."

"The book begins with a synopsis of the fundamentals aspects of fluid mechanics to give the reader the essential background to address the proceeding chapters. Then the fundamental elements of vortex dynamics will be discussed, explaining the conditions for their formation and the rules governing their dynamics. The main equations are accompanied by mathematical models. Cardiovascular vortex formation is first analyzed in physiological, healthy conditions in the heart chambers and in the large arterial vessels. The analysis is initially presented with an intuitive appeal grounded on the physical phenomena and a focus on its clinical significance.In the proceeding chapters, the knowledge gained from either clinical or basic science literature will be discussed. The corresponding mathematical elements will finally be presented to ensure the adequate diligence. The proceeding chapters ensue to the analysis of pathological conditions, when the reader may have developed the ability to recognize normal from abnormal vortex formation phenomenon. Pathological vortex formation represents vortices that develop at sites where normally laminar flow should exist, e.g. stenosis and aneurisms. This analysis naturally leads to the interaction of vortices due to the surgical procedures with respect to prediction of changes in vortex formation. The existing techniques, from medical imaging to numerical simulations, to explore vortex flows in the cardiovascular systems will also be described. "

"ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Penilaian pre-operatif penting dilakukan sebelum reseksi papiloma inverted untuk menjamin reseksi tumor yang bersih dan mencegah kekambuhan, namun belum ada tata cara penilaian pre-operatif papiloma inverted di Indonesia.Tujuan: Penelitian ini membandingkan penilaian pre-operatif CTscan dan MRI dengan penemuan saat operasi sehingga diketahui modalitas terbaik yang dapat menjadi dasar dalam penatalaksanaan papiloma inverted.Metode: Dilakukan prediksi lokasi asal tumor, keterlibatan sinus paranasal dan penentuan stadium tumor pada 10 pasien papiloma inverted dengan CT-scan dan MRI kemudian dibandingkan dengan penemuan saat operasi dengan panduan sistem navigasi pencitraan. Navigation panel unit menjadi alat yang penting dalam memandu operasi dan memastikan kesesuaian pencitraan dengan penemuan saat operasi.Hasil: Prediksi lokasi asal tumor dengan CT-scan dilakukan dengan menilai hiperostosis (9/10 subjek), sedangkan pada MRI dicari gambaran serpentine cerebriform filamentous structure (5/10 subjek). CT-scan lebih baik dalam prediksi lokasi asal tumor dibandingkan MRI (p=0,046). Tidak didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna dalam prediksi keterlibatan sinus paranasal (p=0,083) dan stadium tumor (p=0,317) dengan menggunakan kedua modalitas tersebut.Kesimpulan: CT-scan merupakan pemeriksaan pencitraan yang paling baik dalam penilaian pre-operatif pada papiloma inverted sinonasal.

---

ABSTRACTBackground: Preoperative assessment is essential before inverted papilloma surgery to ensure complete resection and prevent recurrence. There are no standard preoperative assessment for inverted papilloma in Indonesia.Purpose: This study was aim to compare CT-scan and MRI in preoperative assessment with the intra operative findings to determine which is the best preoperative imaging for inverted papilloma. Methods: Preoperative assessment predicted the site of origin, involvement of the paranasal sinus and tumor staging of inverted papilloma in 10 patients with CT-scan and MRI, then subsequently compared with the operation findings by surgical navigation imaging guidance. Navigation panel units was an important tool in guiding operations and ensure the intraoperative findingsconsistent with the imaging.Result: Site of origin was predicted by finding focal hyperostosis on CT-scan (9/10 subjects), whereas the serpentine cerebriform filamentous structure evaluated on MRI (5/10 subjects). The results of this study showed that CT-scan predicted site of origin better than MRI (p=0.046). There were no significant differences in prediction of paranasal sinus involvement (p = 0.083) and tumor staging (p = 0.317) using both modalities.Conclusion: Therefore, concluded that CT-scan is the best imaging preoperative assessment for sinonasal inverted papilloma."

"Latar belakang: CT scan merupakan modalitas yang dapat digunakan untuk menilai otot multifidus pada pasien-pasien NPB terutama pasien yang kontraindikasi terhadap MRI. Ketersediaan CT scan lebih merata, waktu pemeriksaan singkat, memiliki akurasi yang tinggi dan dapat menilai rasio infiltrasi lemak secara kuantitatif terutama dalam evaluasi lemak otot mulfidus pasien NPB pasca terapi sehingga hasil terapi terukur. Belum ada penelitian yang menilai kesesuaian rasio tersebut dengan MRI skala Goutallier. Metode: Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan sampel dari data pasien yang melakukan pemeriksaan MRI lumbal atau whole abdomen dan CT scan whole abdomen/abdomen atas/urografi di Departemen Radiologi RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo dengan interval antara pemeriksaan <12 minggu. Pada awalnya dilakukan penentuan derajat infiltrasi lemak sesuai skala modifikasi Goutallier setinggi level endplate superior L4 kanan kiri pada T2WI aksial, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan perhitungan infiltrasi lemak pada otot multifidus pada CT scan dengan ketebalan 0,1 cm dan dilanjutkan dengan perhitungan rasio infiltrasi lemak otot multifidus. Sampel yang didapatkan dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik Shapiro Wilk yang dilanjutkan dengan uji statistik ANOVA pada sebaran data yang normal dan Kruskal Wallis pada sebaran data yang tidak normal. Hasil: Rasio infiltrasi lemak otot multifidus pada kelompok skala modifikasi Goutallier ringan lebih rendah daripada kelompok klasifikasi modifikasi sedang, dan kelompok skala modifikasi sedang lebih rendah daripada kelompok skala modifikasi Goutallier berat.

---

Background: CT scan is a modality that can be used to assess multifidus muscle in NPB patients, especially patients who are contraindicated with MRI. The availability of CT scans is more evenly distributed, the examination time is short, has high accuracy and can assess the ratio of fat infiltration quantitatively especially in the evaluation of mulfidus muscle fat in low LBP patients post-therapy so that the therapeutic outcome is measurable. There are no studies that assess the suitability of the ratio with the Goutallier scale MRI. Methods: This study was conducted using samples from data from patients who performed a lumbar or whole abdominal MRI examination and CT scan of the entire abdomen / upper abdomen / urography in the Radiology Department of Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital with intervals between examinations <12 weeks. Initially, the degree of fat infiltration is determined according to the Goutallier modification scale at the level of the left and right superior L4 endplate on axial T2WI, then proceed with the calculation of fat infiltration in multifidus muscle on CT with a thickness of 0.1 cm and followed by calculating the multifidus muscle fat infiltration ratio. Samples obtained were analyzed using the Shapiro Wilk statistical test followed by ANOVA statistical tests on normal data distribution and Kruskal Wallis on abnormal data distribution. Results: The fat infiltration ratio of multifidus muscle in the mild Goutallier modification scale group was lower than the moderate modification scale group, and the moderate modification scale group was lower than the severe Goutallier modification scale group. "

"

Latar Belakang: Peningkatan tekanan intrakranial adalah kondisi medis serius yang membutuhkan deteksi cepat dan penanganan yang tepat untuk mencegah komplikasi seperti herniasi otak. Baku emas pengukuran tekanan intrakranial bersifat invasif dan memerlukan sumber daya dan fasilitas yang memadai. Metode non invasif berupa pengukuran diameter selubung saraf optikus (ONSD) berkembang sebagai alternatif dalam menilai tekanan intrakranial. Tujuan: mengevaluasi peran rasio ONSD terhadap diameter bola mata (ED) dalam mendeteksi tanda–tanda peningkatan tekanan intrakranial menggunakan CT dan MRI. Metode: Studi observasional analitik dengan data sekunder dari CT dan MRI kepala-leher periode Januari 2022–Januari 2024, terdiri atas 21 pasien dengan tanda peningkatan tekanan intrakranial (kasus) dan 21 pasien kontrol. Analisis bivariat menilai perbedaan rerata ONSD dan rasionya terhadap ED pada kelompok kasus dan kontrol. Hasil: Rerata usia ± simpang baku (SB) pasien sekitar 44±11 tahun pada kelompok kasus dan 46±13 tahun pada kelompok kontrol. Rerata ONSD secara signifikan lebih tinggi pada kelompok dengan tanda peningkatan tekanan intrakranial dibandingkan kontrol baik pada CT (6,05 mm vs. 3,61 mm; p<0,01) maupun MRI (5,36 mm vs. 3,47 mm; p<0,001). Rasio ONSD terhadap ED secara signifikan lebih tinggi pada kelompok dengan tanda peningkatan tekanan intrakranial dibandingkan kontrol baik pada CT (0,255 vs. 0,151; p<0,01) maupun MRI (0,228 vs. 0,150; p<0,001). Analisis kurva ROC menunjukkan nilai AUC yang sangat baik untuk kedua parameter tersebut (AUC=1,000). Korelasi pengukuran ONSD dan rasionya terhadap ED menggunakan CT dan MRI juga menunjukkan korelasi positif yang tinggi (0,8 ≤ r ≤ 1; p<0,001). Kesimpulan: Rasio ONSD terhadap ED memiliki nilai diagnostik yang sangat baik dan memiliki potensi untuk digunakan secara luas dalam praktik klinis dalam mendeteksi tanda peningkatan tekanan intrakranial.

---

Background: Increased intracranial pressure is a serious medical condition that requires rapid detection and appropriate management to prevent complications such as brain herniation. Gold standard for measuring intracranial pressure is invasive and requires adequate resources and facilities. A non-invasive method involving the measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) has emerged as an alternative for assessing intracranial pressure. Objective: To evaluate the role of the ONSD-to-eye diameter (ED) ratio in detecting signs of increased intracranial pressure using CT and MRI. Method: An analytical observational study was conducted using secondary data from head-neck CT and MRI scans performed between January 2022 and January 2024. The study included 21 patients with signs of increased intracranial pressure (cases) and 21 control patients. Bivariate analysis assessed the differences in mean ONSD and its ratio to ED between the case and control groups. Results: The mean age ± standard deviation (SD) of patients was approximately 44±11 years in the case group and 46±13 years in the control group. The ONSD was significantly higher in the group with signs of increased intracranial pressure compared to controls, both on CT (6.05 mm vs. 3.61 mm; p<0.01) and MRI (5.36 mm vs. 3.47 mm; p<0.001). The ONSD-to-ED ratio was also significantly higher in the group with signs of increased intracranial pressure on both CT (0.255 vs. 0.151; p<0.01) and MRI (0.228 vs. 0.150; p<0.001). ROC curve analysis showed excellent AUC values for both parameters (AUC=1.000). Correlation between ONSD measurement and its ratio to ED using CT and MRI also demonstrated a high positive correlation (0.8 ≤ r ≤ 1; p<0.001). Conclusion: The ONSD-to-ED ratio has excellent diagnostic value and potential for widespread use in clinical practice for detecting signs of increased intracranial pressure.

"