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"[ABSTRAKLatar Belakang Lemak merupakan sumber energi penting, komponen utama struktur membran sel dan media penyerapan vitamin larut lemak A, D, E, dan K. Lemak adalah nutrisi utama perkembangan otak anak, penting untuk memeriksa malabsorpsi lemak secara akurat dan tepat. RSCM merupakan rujukan pemeriksaan analisis feses, dengan sekitar 840 pemeriksaan mikroskopik lemak per tahun. Pemeriksaan mikroskopik lemak merupakan satu-satunya yang tersedia di laboratorium RSCM untuk pemeriksaan lemak feses.Tujuan Mengetahui kehandalan pemeriksaan mikroskopik lemak pada analisis feses dalam menggambarkan malabsorpsi lemak pada anak.Metode Uji diagnostik kehandalan pemeriksaan mikroskopik lemak menggunakan Sudan III dibandingkan dengan steatokrit dalam mendiagnosis malabsorpsi lemak pada anak usia 6-60 bulan.Hasil Didapatkan 68 sampel yang terdiri dari 41 laki-laki dan 27 perempuan, median usia 14,3 bulan. Konsistensi feses terbanyak adalah lembek (50,0%). Dengan metode mikroskopik didapatkan lemak terbanyak adalah positif satu pada 29 sampel (42,6%). Sensitivitas pemeriksaan mikroskopik lemak didapatkan sebesar 49,15%, spesifisitas sebesar 66,67%, dengan nilai prediksi positif 90,63% dan nilai prediksi negatif 16,67%.Kesimpulan Pemeriksaan mikroskopik lemak memiliki sensitivitas yang tidak terlalu tinggi dalam mendiagnosis malabsorpsi lemak dan perlu dilengkapi dengan metode lain seperti steatokrit.

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ABSTRACTBackground Lipid is a very important source of energy, major component of cell membrane structure and media for absorption of lipid-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K. Lipid is the major nutrition for brain development, and thus it is important to test lipid malabsorption accurately. RSCM is the referral hospital for fecal analysis, with 840 lipid microscopic examination done each year. This microscopic test is the only method currently available for fecal lipid malabsorption at RSCM laboratory.Objective To know whether the lipid microscopid test as a part of fecal analysis that have been done so far is effective in representing lipid malabsorption in children.Methods Diagnostic test for effectivity of lipid microscopic test using Sudan III compared to steatocrit test in diagnosing lipid malabsorption in children 6-60 months old suspected to have lipid malabsorption.Results Sixty-eight children consisting of 41 boys and 27 girls were included in the study, with median age 14,3 months. The most common stool consistency was mushy (50,0%). Using microscopic method the most frequent group was positive one in 29 subjects (42,6%). Sensitivity of lipid microscopic test was found to be 49,15% with specificity 66,67%, PPV 90,63% and NPV 16,67%.Conclusion The lipid microscopic test has a moderate sensitivity in diagnosing fat malabsorption, and needs to be complemented with other method such as steatocrit., Background Lipid is a very important source of energy, major component of cell membranestructure and media for absorption of lipid-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K. Lipid is themajor nutrition for brain development, and thus it is important to test lipid malabsorptionaccurately. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (CMH) is a referral hospital for fecal analysis,with 840 lipid microscopic examination done each year. This microscopic test is the onlymethod currently available for fecal lipid malabsorption at CMH laboratory.Objective To know whether the lipid microscopic test as a part of fecal analysis that isperformed routinely so far is effective in representing lipid malabsorption in children.Methods Diagnostic test for effectivity of lipid microscopic test using Sudan III compared tosteatocrit test in diagnosing lipid malabsorption in children 6-60 months old suspected tohave lipid malabsorption.Results Sixty-nine children consisting of 41 boys and 27 girls were included in the study,with median age 14,3 months. The most common stool consistency was mushy (50,0%).Using microscopic method the most frequent group was positive one in 29 subjects (42,6%).Sensitivity of lipid microscopic test was found to be 49,15% with specificity 66,67%, PPV90,63% and NPV 16,67%.Conclusion Lipid microscopic test has a moderate sensitivity in diagnosing fat malabsorption, and needs to be complemented with other method such as steatocrit.]"

"[ABSTRAKLatar belakang. Kolitis infeksi adalah proses inflamasi pada usus besar yang disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri patogen, seperti Shigella, Salmonella, E.coli, dan Campylobacter. Dibuktikan dengan pemeriksaan kultur tinja, tetapi biayanya cukup mahal, perlu waktu dan tidak selalu tersedia di semua fasilitas kesehatan. Rekomendasi WHO jumlah lekosit lebih dari 10 per LPB untuk Shigella disentriae dengan klinis disentri dan merupakan indikasi pemberian antibiotika. Sering ditemukan anak diare dengan lekosit kurang dari 10/LPB tetapi hasil kultur positif bakteri patogen. Mencari hubungan jumlah lekosit tinja dengan kejadian diare yang disebabkan infeksi bakteri patogen yang memerlukan terapi antibiotika.Tujuan. Mengetahui prevalensi, sebaran bakteri patogen, nilai leukosit mikroskopik tinja pada anak dengan kolitis infeksi bakteri. Mengetahui hubungan leukosit tinja dengan kultur tinja dan pola sensitivitas antibiotika pada kolitis infeksi bakteri.Metode. Penelitian deskriptif dengan metode potong lintang dan uji diagnostik untuk menilai sensitivitas hitung leukosit tinja untuk mendiagnosis kolitis infeksi bakteri. Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Rujukan Nasional Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta, dari bulan Januari- Juni 2015.Hasil. Dari 45 subjek penelitian ditemukan kultur positif pada 19 subjek (42,2%). Bakteri terbanyak yang ditemukan adalah E.coli (79%), Salmonella sp. (10,5%), dan C.difficille (10,5%). Pada titik potong ROC ditemukan nilai lekosit >8 per LPB dengan sensitivitas 0,654 dan spesifisitas 0.632. E.coli masih memperlihatkan sensitivitas cukup tinggi terhadap kloramfenikol dan siprofloksasin tetapi tidak terhadap sefiksim. Salmonella sp. sensitif terhadap kloramfenikol, sefiksim, dan seftriakson, sedangkan C. difficile sensitif terhadap Seftriakson.Simpulan. Pada penelitian ini ditemukan sebanyak 19 (42,2%) subyek penderita diare hasil kultur tinja positif bakteri patogen dan pada titik potong ROC ditemukan nilai lekosit > 8 per LPB dengan sensitivitas 65.4% dan spesifisitas 63.2%. Pada pola sensitivitas antibiotika, E.coli sensitif terhadap kloramfenikol dan siprofloksasin dan Salmonella dan C.difficile sensitif terhadap seftriakson.

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ABSTRACTBackground. Infective colitis is an inflammatory process in the colon caused by pathogenic bacterial infection, such as Shigella, Salmonella, E.coli, and Campylobacter. Diagnosis is made by fecal culture, but the cost is relatively expensive, time-consuming, and not readily available in every health facility. WHO recommends that fecal leukocyte more than 10 per HPF for the diagnosis of Shigella disentriae with clinical symptom of dysentriae and indicated for antibiotic treatment. Often there are diarrheic children with leukocyte less than 10/HPF but the culture is positive for pathogenic bacteria. This study would like to look for the relationship between fecal leukocyte and incidence of diarrhea caused by pathogenic bacteria infection that requires antibiotic therapy.Objective. To study the prevalence, distribution of pathogenic bacteria, leukocyte count in fecal microscopic test in children with bacterial infective colitis. To study the relationship between fecal leukocyte and fecal culture with sensitivity pattern of antibiotics in bacterial infective colitis.Methods. Descriptive, cross-sectional study and diagnostic test to study the sensitivity of fecal leukocyte count in diagnosing bacterial infective colitis. Study was performed in the Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, from January to June 2015.Results. From 45 study subjects, positive culture was found in 19 subjects (42.2%), and the most common bacteria were E.coli (79%), Salmonella sp. (10.5%), and C. difficille (10,5%). At the ROC we found leukocyte count >8 per HPF as cutoff point with 0.654 sensitivity and 0.632 specificity. E. coli still showed relatively high sensitivity to chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin, but not to cefixime. Salmonella sp. were sensitive to chloramphenicol, cefixime, and ceftriaxone, while C. difficile were sensitive to ceftriaxone.Conclusion. In this study there were 19 (42.2%) subjects with diarrhea, with positive fecal culture for pathogenic bacteria. At the ROC cutoff point we found leukocyte count > 8 per HPF with 65.4% sensitivity and 63.2% specificity. On the antibiotic sensitivity pattern, E. coli was sensitive to chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin, while Salmonella dan C.difficile were sensitive to ceftriaxone, Background. Infective colitis is an inflammatory process in the colon caused by pathogenic bacterial infection, such as Shigella, Salmonella, E.coli, and Campylobacter. Diagnosis is made by fecal culture, but the cost is relatively expensive, time-consuming, and not readily available in every health facility. WHO recommends that fecal leukocyte more than 10 per HPF for the diagnosis of Shigella disentriae with clinical symptom of dysentriae and indicated for antibiotic treatment. Often there are diarrheic children with leukocyte less than 10/HPF but the culture is positive for pathogenic bacteria. This study would like to look for the relationship between fecal leukocyte and incidence of diarrhea caused by pathogenic bacteria infection that requires antibiotic therapy.Objective. To study the prevalence, distribution of pathogenic bacteria, leukocyte count in fecal microscopic test in children with bacterial infective colitis. To study the relationship between fecal leukocyte and fecal culture with sensitivity pattern of antibiotics in bacterial infective colitis.Methods. Descriptive, cross-sectional study and diagnostic test to study the sensitivity of fecal leukocyte count in diagnosing bacterial infective colitis. Study was performed in the Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, from January to June 2015.Results. From 45 study subjects, positive culture was found in 19 subjects (42.2%), and the most common bacteria were E.coli (79%), Salmonella sp. (10.5%), and C. difficille (10,5%). At the ROC we found leukocyte count >8 per HPF as cutoff point with 0.654 sensitivity and 0.632 specificity. E. coli still showed relatively high sensitivity to chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin, but not to cefixime. Salmonella sp. were sensitive to chloramphenicol, cefixime, and ceftriaxone, while C. difficile were sensitive to ceftriaxone.Conclusion. In this study there were 19 (42.2%) subjects with diarrhea, with positive fecal culture for pathogenic bacteria. At the ROC cutoff point we found leukocyte count > 8 per HPF with 65.4% sensitivity and 63.2% specificity. On the antibiotic sensitivity pattern, E. coli was sensitive to chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin, while Salmonella dan C.difficile were sensitive to ceftriaxone]"

"Penelitian ini mempelajari hubungan rasia lingkar pinggang-pinggul (RLPP) dengan persen lemak tubuh (PLT) pada orang dewasa. Variabel lain (konfounding) yang diteliti adalah : indeks massa tubuh (IMT), umur, jenis kelamin, suku bangsa, indeks aktivitas, dan kebiasaan merokok. Analisis menggunakan data sekunder hasil Survei Gizi dan Kesehatan Pada orang Dewasa (kerjasama Direktorat BGM Depkes RI dan FKM-Ul, Juni 1996) di 6 kota, yaltu : Medan, Padang, Bandung, Jogyakarta, Denpasar, dan Ujung Pandang.Desain penelitian adalah cross-sectional. Pemilihan responden (sampel) menggunakan rancangan klaster dua tahap, yaitu : (1) probability proportionate to size (PPS) untuk memilih Waster, (2) simple random sampling (SRS) untuk memilih rumah-tangga (responden). Responden yang digunakan sebagai unit analisis sebanyak 713 orang (laki-laki = 230 orang, perempuan = 483 orang), yang merupakan sub-sampel dari penelitian Direktorat BGM Depkes RI.Analisis regresi berganda (multiple regression analysis) digunakan untuk membangun model prediksi PLT dengan RLPP. Proses pemodelan digunakan teknik backward elimination procedure. Untuk mengetahui validitas RLPP dilakukan analisis sensitifitas (Se) dan spesifisitas (Sp).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat korelasi positif antara RLPP dengan PLT, IMT, dan umur (p <0,01). Rata-rata RLPP, umur, dan indeks aktivitas pada laki-laki Iebih tinggi dibanding perempuan (p <0,01). Sebaliknya, PLT dan IMT perempuan lebih tinggi dibanding laki-laki (p X0,01).Dari proses pemodelan, terpilih model terbaik dengan persamaan regresi: PLT = 25,16 + 8,08 RLPP + 7,03 IMT + 4,48 UMLIR - 12,94 SEX; dimana IMT (0=tidak berisiko dengan IMT <25,0; 1=berisiko dengan IMT 25,0); UMUR (0=tidak berisiko dengan umur s 40 tahun; 1=berisiko dengan umur >40 tahun) dan SEX (0=perempuan, 1=laki-laki). Modes dapat menduga PLT orang dewasa (umur z 18 tahun) dengan kemampuan moderat (R2 = 0,6773) dan kesalahan menduga PLT ± 5,05%. Tampak pada model bahwa variabel suku bangsa, indeks aktivitas, kebiasaan merokok tidak memberi kontribusi terhadap model (p X0,05).Uji validitas model menunjukkan model cukup reliabel, karena penyusutan (shrinkage) dari R2 relatif kecil (0,008).Dengan menggunakan pedoman skrining umum, RLPP dapat dipakai sebagai alat untuk deteksi overweight dan obesitas dengan kemampuan moderat. Pada laki-laki dengan titik potong RLPP 0,90 (Se = 70,6; Sp = 51,2), sedangkan pada perempuan dengan titik potong RLPP 0,88 (Se = 59,4; Sp = 53,0).Mengingat RLPP dapat digunakan untuk deteksi overweight dan obesitas, perlu dilakukan upaya pemasyarakatan ukuran antropometri ini. Sebagai uji coba dapat dipilih daerah sentinal sekaligus untuk melakukan validasi ulang dengan parameter lain (klinik dan biokimia) yang lebih lengkap. Sambil menunggu hasil validasi ulang, RLPP dapat dipakai terintegrasi dengan penggunaan IMT sebagai alai pemantauan status gizi orang dewasa.

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Prediction Model of Body Fat Percentage in Adult by Waist Hip RatioThe relationship between waist hip ratio (WHR) and body fat percentage (°/o BF) in adult was explored in this study. Confounding variables learned in this study were : body mass index (BM!), age, sex, ethnic, activity index and smoking habit. Data was obtained from the survey of nutrition and health in adult, which was a collaboration of Nutrition Directorate - Ministry of Health and The Faculty of Public Health - University of Indonesia, June 1996 in 6 cities : Medan, Padang, Bandung, Jogyakarta, Denpasar, and Ujung Pandang.

The study design was cross sectional. Respondent was selected by 2 stages cluster method : (1) cluster was chosen by probability proportionate to size, (2) the respondent was selected by simple random sampling. A sub sample of 713 respondent (230 male and 483 female) were used in the analysis.

Percentage of body fat prediction model from WHR was built by multiple regression analysis using a backward elimination procedure. Sensitivity (Se) and Specificity (Sp) analysis was performed to test the validity of WHR.

There was a correlation between WHR with percentage of body fat, BMI and age (p <0.01). Mean of WHR, age, and activity index of male was higher than female (p <0.01). On the contrary, mean of %BF and BMI in female was higher than male (p <0.01).

The best fit model was : %BF = 25.16 + 8.08 WHR + 7.03 BM1 + 4.48 AGE - 12.94 SEX; where BMI (0=low risk with BMI <25.0; 1=risk with BMI z 25.0); AGE (0=low risk with age40 year; 1=risk with age >40 year) and SEX (0=female; 1=male). This model predict adult (~ 18 year) percentage of body fat, with moderate power (R2 = 0.6773) and standard error of estimate %BF ± 5.05%. Activity index, ethnic, and smoking habit didn't contribute to the model (p >0.05). Validity testing showed that the model is reliable since the shrinkage of R2 is very small (0.008).

WHR could be used in overweight and obesity detection, has a moderate power. The male cut off point is 0.90 (Se = 70.6; Sp = 61.2), and cut off of female is 0.88 (Se=59.4; Sp=63.0).

Since WHR is a new parameter in overweight and obesity detection, so it needs social marketing. A sentinel area could be used in WHR trial and revalidate it by other parameters such as biochemical and clinical examination. It is recommended that in the monitoring of adult nutritional status, WHR is used a long with BMI measurement."

"Indonesia sedang mengalami masalah gizi ganda, yaitu masalah kekurangan gizi dan kelebihan gizi. Masalah gizi lebih timbal karena makin meningkatnya pendapatan dan perubahan gaya hidup yang mengancam penduduk golongan menengah ke atas dan kelompok lanjut usia. Pola makan mulai bergeser dari pola makan tradisional yang mengandung banyak karbohidrat, serat dan sayuran ke pola makan yang komposisinya terlalu banyak mengandung lemak, gula, garam dan sedikit serat. Proporsi energi dari karbohidrat berkurang diikuti meningkatnya proporsi energi lemak dan protein yang bila tidak terkendali berakibat terjadinya kegemukan, penyakit jantung dan pembuluh darah. Tujuan penelitian ini mempelajari faktor sosial ekonomi yang mempengaruhi proporsi energi lemak konsumsi pangan pada 1952 sampel rumahtangga dari data Survai Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (SUSENAS) tahun1993, khususnya dipilih Propinsi D.1.Yogyakarta. SUSENAS merupakan survey rumahtangga yang diadakan oleh Biro Pusat Statistik (BPS). Jenis penelitian ini observasional tipe potong-lintang. Analisis data dengan statistik regresi logistik multivariat menggunakan perangkat lunak komputer SUDAAN (Survey Data Analysis) sesuai dengan cara pengambilan sampel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor sosial ekonomi: tingkat pengeluaran perkapita sebulan., jumlah anggota rumahtangga dan jumlah anak balita sebagai faktor risiko proporsi energi lemak yang tinggi. Sedangkan tingkat pendidikan kepala keluarga dan isteri serta daerah tempat tinggal sebagai efek pencegah terhadap proporsi energi lemak yang tinggi, namun khusus untuk tingkat pendidikan kepala keluarga hubungannya tidak signifikan (p>0,05).

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Proportion Of Energy From Fat Household Food Consumption And Socioeconomy Determinants In Province D.I. Yogyakarta In 1993Indonesia have double nutrition problems is undernutrition and overnutrition. Overnutrition problem related with increased of income and change of life style, and age old group people. Food pattern change from traditional that high carbohydrat, fiber and vegetable to a high fat, sugar, salt and less fibre. Proportion of energy from carbohydrat decreased and proportion of energy from fat and protein increased. If could not controlled consequence to obese, heart disease and blood vessel.

The objective this study to examine socio-economy determinants of proportion of energy from fat food consumption in 1952 household sample using the National Socio-economy Survey (SUSENAS) 1993, particularly in Province D.I.Yogyakarta. The SUSENAS is a household survey conducted annually by the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS). This study observational type is crossectional. Data analysis with statistical methods by multivariate-regression logistic using computer programme SUL)AAN (Survey Data Analysis).

The result of study showed that socio-economy factors: expenditure per capita per month, family size and number of child 0-4 years old associated a risk factor with high proportion of energy from fat. The education level of leader of family and wife, and region area of household live associated is effect prevention with high proportion of energy from fat, but associated education level of leader of family no significant (P>0,05)."

"ABSTRAKRuang Iingkup dan Cara Penelitian : Mesin amplas yang dipakai pada perusahaan mebel ratan " RR " sangat membantu dan mempermudah pekerjaan tenaga kerja, namun dapat menimbulkan Sindrom Getaran Tangan dan Lengan.Telah dilakukan identifikasi penyakit akibat kerja Sindrom Getaran Tangan dan Lengan pada karyawan perusahaan tersebut dengan menggunakan test Allen, test Lewis Prusik, tes rasa raba, tes rasa nyeri dan tes rasa suhu. Selanjutnya dilakukan studi intervensi dan penatalaksanaan Sindrom Getaran Tangan dan Lengan terhadap 3 ( tiga ) orang tenaga kerja dengan masa kerja lebih dari 1 ( satu ) tahun pada bagian amplas. Pengumpulan data telah dilakukan dengan cara pengamatan, anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, kuesioner dan alai pengukur getaran.Kesimpulan dan Saran : Didapatkan 3 (tiga) orang tenaga kerja menderita Sindrom Getaran Tangan dan Lengan derajat berat. Studi intervensi selama ± 2 bulan berupa penggunaan sarung tangan belum menghasilkan temuan yang konklusif, diperlukan penanganan yang bersifat komprehensif untuk keberhasilannya.

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ABSTRACT

Hand and Arm Vibration Syndrome on Labours of Rattan Furniture Company " RR "Material and Method : The fig tree machine which was used in rattan furniture company " RR " has been very helpful to the worker.

However it may cause hand and arm vibration syndrome. There was an intervention study of three workers with fig tree work exprience more than one year in the company. Data were collected by means of observation, anamnesis, physical examination, questionare and vibration examination.

Conclusion and Suggestion : Three workers were identified as patients suffer with severe hand and arm vibration syndrome. No conclusive results found from the intervention study a comprehensive management should be taken to produce a successful result."

"Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui ukuran pengganti yang memiliki validitas optimum dan mudah diaplikasikan untuk mendeteksi prehipertensi pada siswa/i kelas 10 dan 11 SMA Insan Cendekia Madani Tahun 2017. Design penelitian adalah cross sectional dengan total sampling. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa pada laki-laki, RLPP cut off 0,88 (sensitivitas 66,7%, spesifisitas 66,3% ) baik sebagai ukuran pengganti mendeteksi resiko prehipertensi sistolik, persen lemak BIA cut off 21,9% (sensitivitas 64,3%, spesifisitas 60,8%) cukup baik untuk prehipertensi diastolik, dan BIA cut off 21,9% (sensitivitas 63,6%, spesifisitas 62,2%) cukup baik untuk prehipertensi. Pada perempuan, RLPTB cut off 0,46 (sensitivitas 64,3%, spesifisitas 53,2%) cukup baik untuk mendeteksi resiko prehipertensi diastolik dan prehipertensi.

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This study aims to determine the validity of measurements that has optimum validity in detecting prehypertension. The study design was cross sectional with total sampling of 10th and 11th grade students SMA Insan Cendekia Madani Year 2017. This study concluded that in boys, waist to hip ratio (WHR) cut off 0.88 (sensitivity 66.7%, specificity 66.3%) is a good alternative measurement for detecting systolic prehypertension, while BIA fat percentage cut off 21.9% (sensitivity 64.3%, specificity 60.8%) is fair for diastolic prehypertension, BIA cut off 21.9% (sensitivity 63.6%, specificity 62.2%) is fair for prehypertension. In girls, waist to height ratio (WHtR) cut off 0.46 (64.3% sensitivity, specificity 53.2%) is fair for detecting diastolic prehypertension and prehypertension."

"Sebuah metode estimasi persentase dan distribusi lemak tubuh pada anak-anak diperlukan untuk menjadi dasar dalam penentuan program penentuan asupan makan dan aktivitas fisik dalam mengatasi masalah obesitas demi meningkatkan produktivitas dan pencapaian keterampilan pada anak-anak. Analisis regresi berganda dilakukan untuk merancang model matematika persentase lemak tubuh berbasis antropometri. Penelitian cross-sectional yang dilakukan pada 155 anak laki-laki Indonesia berusia 7-12 tahun ini menghasilkan model regresi, yang dapat digunakan untuk mengestimasi persentase lemak tubuh serta memprediksi distribusi dominan pada anak laki-laki Indonesia.

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A method of estimating percentage and distribution of body fat at boys is required to become a basic in designing dietary and physical activity program in order to overcome obesity problem which can increase children’s productivity and skill attainment. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to design mathematical model of body fat percentage based on anthropometry. This cross-sectional study which has a total of 155 boys aged 7 to 12 years old obtained regression model, that can be used to estimate body fat percentage and predict dominant distribution of body fat at Indonesian boys."

"ABSTRAKPrevalensi diabetes melitus (DM) di dunia semakin meningkat. Pada DM terjadipenurunan sensitivitas jaringan yang dikenal dengan resistensi insulin, di manasalah satu penyebabnya ialah akumulasi massa lemak (ML) tubuh. AkumulasiML, dapat terdistribusi di bagian subkutan abdomen (LSA) atau di antara ronggadalam abdomen (LVA). Rasio LVA terhadap LSA merupakan perbandingandistribusi ML pada kedua kompartemen tersebut. Masih menjadi kontroversikompartemen mana yang mempunyai korelasi dengan resistensi insulin. Tujuanpenelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi antara distribusi ML tubuh denganresistensi insulin pada laki-laki usia produktif dengan aktivitas sedang diIndonesia. Penelitian dilakukan dengan rancangan potong lintang pada salah satupabrik di Bekasi dengan melibatkan 52 orang karyawan yang memenuhi kriteriapenelitian dan terpilih secara simple random sampling serta bersediamenandatangani informed consent. Waktu pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulanOktober 2014, meliputi data karakteristik demografi, status gizi, asupan makan,komposisi tubuh, distribusi ML tubuh, rasio LVA : LSA dan penilaian resistensiinsulin melalui pemeriksaan HOMA-IR. Hasil penelitian didapatkan subjekmempunyai rerata indeks massa tubuh (IMT) 25,36 kg/m2 dengan sebagian besarsubjek mempunyai IMT di atas normal. Rerata persentase ML tubuh subjeksebesar 20,03% dengan lebih dari separuh subjek (51,9%) mempunyai persentaseML dalam batas normal. Rerata luas LVA subjek sebesar 101,04 cm2 dan LSA163,83 cm2 sedangkan rasio LVA : LSA mempunyai rerata 0,62, di mana seluruhsubjek mempunyai nilai rasio LVA : LSA normal. Nilai tengah HOMA-IRsebesar 1,62. Terdapat korelasi yang cukup kuat antara LVA (r=0,381) denganHOMA-IR dan LSA (r=0,404) yang bermakna secara statistik (p<0,05) sedangkanpada rasio LVA : LSA terhadap HOMA-IR didapatkan korelasi cukup yangberlawanan arah (r=-0,222) namun tidak bermakna secara statistik (p>0,05).Berdasarkan hasil ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa LSA lebih berperan untukterjadinya resistensi insulin pada laki-laki usia produktif dengan aktivitas fisiksedang di Indonesia.

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ABSTRACTPrevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in the world is steady growing. In DMpopulation less tissue sensitivity to insulin are well known, in which one of thecauses is the accumulation of fat mass. Fat mass distributed in the subcutaneousadipose tissue (SAT) or in the visceral adipose tissue (VAT). The ratio of VAT toSAT is a comparison of distribution of the fat mass in the both compartments,because it is still a matter of controversy, which compartment has correlation withinsulin resistance. The aim of this study is to determine body fat distribution inproductive age male with moderate activity in Indonesia and its correlation withinsulin resistance. The study was conducted with a cross-sectional design in onefactory in Bekasi, involving 52 employees who met the inclusion criteria andselected by simple random sampling and were willing to sign an informedconsent. Data collection was carried out in October 2014, included data ondemographic characteristics, nutritional status, nutrient intake, body composition,body fat distribution, ratio VAT : SAT and assessment of insulin resistance byHOMA-IR. The results showed subjects had a mean body mass index (BMI)25.36 kg / m2 with most subjects had a BMI above the normal. The meanpercentage of fat mass subject is 20.03% with more than half of the subjects(51.9%) had a percentage fat mass within normal values. Wide averages VATsubject of 101.04 cm2 and SAT 163.83 cm2 while ratio VAT : SAT has a mean of0.62, where the whole subject has normal values ratio VAT: SATwhile themedian of HOMA-IR is 1.62. There is a fairly strong correlation between VAT (r= 0.381) with HOMA-IR and SAT (r = 0.404) were statistically significant (p<0.05), while there were inverse correlation of VAT : SAT ratio with HOMA-IR(r=-0.222), but not statistically significant (p> 0.05). Based on these results, we conclude that the SAT has a role for the development of insulin resistance in menof productive age with moderate physical activity in Indonesia"

"ABSTRAKIndeks massa tubuh (IMT) merupakan parameter seorang anak kurus, normal, gemuk ataupun obese. Kegiatan anak mempengaruhi kadar lemak tubuh karena konsumsi karbohidrat yang berlebihan tanpa disertai aktivitas yang seimbang menyebabkan penumpukan lemak sebaliknya bila energi tersebut tidak dapat memenuhi kebutuhan maka lemak akan digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut yang mengakibatkan berkurangnya kadar lemak tubuh. Demikian juga dengan distribusi tekanan plantar karena anak obese dengan aktivitas rendah, tekanan plantar lebih tinggi dibandingkan anak obese dengan aktifitas tinggi sehingga aktifitas subyek penelitian harus dihomogenisasi untuk memperoleh hasil yang akurat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan IMT (kurus, normal, gemuk dan obese) dengan lemak tubuh dan distribusi tekanan plantar saat berdiri dan berjalan pada anak usia 8-10 tahun. Metode : desain penelitian adalah observasional cross sectional / potong lintang dengan jumlah 33 anak sebagai subyek penelitian dengan lifestyle sedentary karena aktifitas mempengaruhi kadar lemak tubuh dan distribusi tekanan plantar. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengukur kadar lemak tubuh menggunakan timbangan Tanita dan puncak tekanan (peak pressure) dengan menggunakan alat Matscan. Tekanan plantar diukur saat berdiri dan berjalan. Hasil :. Anak dengan IMT gemuk mempunyai korelasi yang kuat dengan lemak tubuh (r=0,6333) dan anak dengan IMT obese mempunyai korelasi yang sangat kuat terhadap lemak tubuh (r=0,8) sedangkan anak dengan IMT kurus juga mempunyai korelasi terhadap lemak tubuh tetapi korelasinya lemah (r=0,2582). IMT juga berhubungan dengan distribusi tekanan plantar saat berdiri dan berjalan terutama daerah midfoot sedangkan untuk anak kurus ditemukan adanya peningkatan tekanan pada daerah hindfoot sewaktu heelstrike. Kesimpulan : IMT berhubungan dengan kadar lemak tubuh dan distribusi tekanan plantar terutama pada anak dengan IMT gemuk dan obese

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ABSTRACTBody Mass Index (BMI) is a parametric to know wheather a child is underweight, normal, overweight or obese. Children activity affects fat body percentage because consumption excessive carbohydrate with less activity will increase fat deposit. In other words if the energy cannot provide children activity then fat will be used as energy and this will decrease the fat deposit. And so with the plantar pressure distribution because obese children with lower activity , their plantar pressure are higher than obese children with high activity and therefore research subjects had to be homogenized to get an accurate result. This research aims are to know the relation between BMI (underweight, normal, overweight or obese) and plantar pressure distribution during standing and walking in children with age 8-10 years old. Methode: Design of this research is cross sectional with 33 children as research subjects with lifestyle sedentary. The research was done with Tanita’s weigher to measure fat body percentage and Matscan to meassure the peak pressure during standing and walking. Result : overweight children has a stong correlation with fat body (r=0.6333) and obese chidren has a very strong correlation with fat body (r=0.8). Underweight children also has a correlation with fat body but it’s a weak correlation (r=0.2582). BMI also has correlation with plantar pressure distribution during standing and walking expecially midfoot while underweight children has an increase peak pressure at the hindfoot while Conclussion : BMI influence both fat body and plantar pressure distribution expecially in overweight and obese children"