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"Infark miokard merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian. Penelitian sebelumnya telah menunjukkan bahwa asam rosmarinat dapat mencegah terjadinya infark miokard. Sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendans) memiliki kandungan asam rosmarinat dalam fraksi etil asetatnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian fraksi etil asetat sarang semut (FEASS) (Myrmecodia pendans) terhadap kejadian infark miokard. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tiga kelompok yang diberikan dosis FEASS yang berbeda, sedangkan tiga kelompok sebagai kontrol. Pada akhir perlakuan, diberikan isoproterenol dosis 85 mg/kg bb/hari untuk menginduksi terjadinya infark miokard. Setelah itu, dilakukan penilaian preparat histologi jantung dengan parameter: persentase kerusakan, jumlah sel yang rusak, dan jenis sel yang rusak. Selain itu, dilakukan pengukuran kadar MDA dan SOD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan besarnya persentase kerusakan dan jumlah sel yang rusak paling banyak ditemukan pada kelompok yang mendapatkan FEASS dosis 1 (59% dan Grade 3). Jenis kerusakan paling banyak adalah edema, infiltrasi, dan fibroblas. Hasil pengukuran kadar MDA menunjukkan tidak adanya perbedaan bermakna kadar MDA pada kelompok kontrol normal dengan kelompok kontrol herbal dan ketiga kelompok dosis FEASS (p>0.05). Kadar SOD kelompok dosis 1 dan dosis 3 lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol normal (p<0,05). Namun, tidak terdapat korelasi antara kadar MDA dengan SOD (p>0,05).

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Myocardial infarction is one of main causes of death. The previous study has shown that rosmarinic acid could prevent myocardial infarction. Sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendans) contains rosmarinic acid in its ethyl acetate fraction.The purpose of this study is to acknowledge the effect of the distribution of (Myrmecodia pendans) ethyl acetate fraction (FEASS) toward myocardial infarction. This study was conducted to three groups given different FEASS dose, meanwhile the other three groups served as control groups. At the end of the treatment, the groups were given isoproterenol (dose 85 mg/kg bb/day) to induct myocardial infarction. Then, the heart histology preparation valuation was conducted with the following parameter: damage percentage, damaged cell number, damaged cell type. Moreover, we conduct MDA and SOD level measurement.The result of the study showed that the greatest damage percentage and the greatest damaged cell number mostly were found on the group with FEASS dose 1 (59% and Grade 3). The damaged cell types mostly found were edema, infiltration, and fibroblast. The measurement of MDA level showed that there is no significant difference of MDA level on the normal control group compared to the herbal control group and the three groups with FEASS (p>0.05). The SOD level of groups with dose 1 and dose 3 were higher than the normal control group (p<0,05). But, there was no correlation between the MDA level and SOD level (p>0,05)."

"Infark miokard (IM) merupakan penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas di seluruh dunia pada dekade terakhir. Asam rosmarinat diketahui berpotensi sebagai kardioprotektif dari IM. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi pengaruh fraksi etil asetat sarang semut (FEASS) yang memiliki kandungan utama asam rosmarinat, terhadap kadar AST, CKMB, cTnT dan cTnI pada tikus IM yang diinduksi isoproterenol (ISO). Total fenolik dan total flavonoid FEASS diuji dengan metode kolorimetri. Uji antioksidan FEASS dilakukan dengan metode DPPH dan MDA secara in vitro. Tikus galur wistar dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok: kontrol normal, kontrol herbal, ISO, dan kelompok perlakuan dengan dosis 3,84; 7,68; dan 15,36 mg/kgBB FEASS selama 30 hari. Injeksi subkutan ISO (85 mg/kgBB/hari) selama 2 hari digunakan untuk menginduksi IM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa FEASS mengandung senyawa fenolik (55,8%) dan flavonoid (1,423%) serta nilai IC50 sebesar 10,275 ppm. FEASS dengan konsentrasi 100 ppm mampu mengatasi radikal bebas yang ditimbulkan oleh H2O2 secara in vitro pada sel darah merah domba. Peningkatan dosis FEASS ternyata dapat beralih fungsi menjadi prooksidan. Sifat prooksidan ini dapat merusak sel miokard sebagaimana radikal bebas, terbukti dari peningkatan kadar AST, CKMB, cTnT dan cTnI.

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Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide in the last decade. Rosmarinic acid known as cardioprotective potential of MI. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) which has the main content rosmarinic acid, on levels of AST, CKMB, cTnT and cTnI in rats induced MI by isoproterenol (ISO). Total phenolic and total flavonoid of EAF were tested by colorimetric method. Antioxidant test of EAF was conducted using DPPH method and MDA in vitro. Wistar strain rats were divided into 6 groups: normal control, kontrol herbal, ISO, and the group treated with a dose of 3,84; 7,68; and 15,36 mg/kg EAF for 30 days. ISO subcutaneous injection (85 mg /kg/day) for 2 days used to induce MI. The results showed that EAF contain phenolic compounds (55,8%) and flavonoids (1,423%) and the IC50 value of 10,275 ppm. EAF with a concentration of 100 ppm was able to overcome free radicals induced by H2O2 in vitro on sheep red blood cells. Enhancement dose of EAF was able to switch functions into prooxidant. Prooxidant properties of myocardial cells can destroy as free radicals as evidenced by increased levels of AST, CKMB, cTnT and cTnI."

"Pendahuluan: Di Indonesia, kanker kolorektal adalah jenis kanker tersering kedua ditemukan pada pria dan tersering ketiga ditemukan pada wanita. Seperti jenis kanker lainnya, tatalaksana utama kanker kolorektal adalah serangkaian kemoterapi. Namun dilain pihak, 58% dari penduduk Indonesia yang berkategori ekonomi “low-class” atau yang pendapatannya dibawah dari 1 juta per bulan lebih memilih penggunaan obat herbal daripada pengobatan konvensional. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi pilihan obat herbal seperti faktor pemasaran obat herbal dan faktor sosial yang mempengaruhi keputusan individu. Karena itu, penelitian dan pengembangan obat kanker dari bahan herbal seperti sarang Semut (Myrmecodia pendans) sangat diperlukan. Metode: Sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendans) dimaserasi dengan pelarut n-heksana, etil asetat dan etanol, menghasilkan tiga jenis ekstrak yaitu ekstrak n-heksana, ekstrak etil asetat dan ekstrak etanol. Ketiga ekstrak Myrmecodia pendans tersebut dianalisis melalui uji fitokimia dan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT). Selanjutnya efek sitotoksik ketiga ekstrak Myrmecodia pendans dievaluasi terhadap sel kolon kanker WiDr menggunakan metode MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide). Hasil: Uji fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendans) memiliki beberapa metabolit sekunder yaitu saponin, flavonoid, tanin, triterpenoid, dan alkaloid. Analisis KLT mengindikasikan bahwa ketiga ekstrak Myrmecodia pendans memiliki enam komponen senyawa kimia. Uji sitotoksisitas menunjukkan bahwa ketiga ekstrak Myrmecodia pendans tidak memiliki efek sitotoksik terhadap sel kanker kolon WiDr. Kesimpulan: Sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendans) mengandung beberapa senyawa fitokimia metabolit sekunder yang tidak menunjukkan efek sitotoksik terhadap sel kanker kolon WiDr.

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Introduction: In Indonesia, Colorectal cancer is the second most common cancer in males and third most common in females. Like other types of cancer, the main treatment is a series of chemotherapies. On the other hand, it is known that a proportion of low-class” Indonesians, those who earns less than 1 million rupiah per month, in the economical aspect (58%) prefers the use of herbal medicine instead of conventional treatments. There are multiple factors which had influence the herbal preference such as marketing and social factors. Hence, the research and development of cancer drugs from herbal materials such as Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia pendans) is vital.

Methods: Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia pendans) was macerated by solvents N-Hexane, Ethyl Acetate, and Ethanol, producing three extracts N-Hexane (NHE), Ethyl Acetate (EAE), and Ethanol extracts (ETE). Each extract of Myrmecodia pendans was then analyzed through phytochemical tests and thin layer chromatography (TLC). In addition, the cytotoxicity effect of all three extracts were analyzed towards WiDr colon cancer cell using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) Assay.

Results: Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia pendans) contains secondary metabolites Saponin, Flavonoid, Tannin, Triterpenoid, and Alkaloid. TLC analysis revealed that all three extracts of Myrmecodia pendans had six chemical compounds. MTT Assay revealed all three extracts of Myrmecodia pendans had no cytotoxic effect towards WiDr colon cancer cells.

Conclusion: Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia pendans) comprises several secondary metabolites which did not display cytotoxic effect towards WiDr colon cancer cell."

"In this work, Myrmecodia pendans, or sarang semut, was successfully extracted as a potential organic inhibitor. Various concentrations of Myrmecodia pendans extract in 1 M H2SO4 solution were applied in the range of 100?500 mg/L for corrosion inhibition. Gas chromatography?mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) showed that the Myrmecodia pendans extracts contained a high-benzenediol compound with rich oxygen atom content, which played an important role in the inhibition process. The 300 mg/L Myrmecodia pendans extract had the highest effect, decreasing the rate of corrosion from 177.73 mpy to 47.4 mpy. This was attributed to the chemical compounds present in the Myrmecodia pendans extract on the surface of mild steel, which prohibited the corrosion rate"

"In this work, Myrmecodia pendans, or sarang semut, was successfully extracted as a potential organic inhibitor. Various concentrations of Myrmecodia pendans extract in 1 M H2SO4 solution were applied in the range of 100–500 mg/L for corrosion inhibition. Gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) showed that the Myrmecodia pendans extracts contained a high-benzenediol compound with rich oxygen atom content, which played an important role in the inhibition process. The 300 mg/L Myrmecodia pendans extract had the highest effect, decreasing the rate of corrosion from 177.73 mpy to 47.4 mpy. This was attributed to the chemical compounds present in the Myrmecodia pendans extract on the surface of mild steel, which prohibited the corrosion rate."

"Latar belakang: Infark Miokard (MI) merupakan salah satu penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas di dunia. Salah satu mekanisme yang mendasari terjadinya MI ialah adanya produksi reactive oxygen species (ROS) berlebihan atau keadaan stres oksidatif. Berbagai tata laksana diupayakan untuk dapat mengatasi penyakit ini salah satunya adalah pengobatan herbal. Tanaman Centella asiatica telah dikenal memiliki berbagai efek farmakologikal yang bermanfaat, salah satunya adalah sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek ekstrak air daun Centella asiatica terhadap parameter stres oksidatif, khususnya aktivitas SOD dan kadar MDA jaringan jantung tikus yang telah mengalami MI. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel jaringan jantung tikus tersedia di laboratorium yang merupakan bagian dari penelitian besar berjudul “Efek Kardioproteksi Tanaman Herbal Indonesia (Moringa oleifera, Centella asiatica, Andrographis paniculata) melalui Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Antiinflamasi pada Model Infark Miokard Tikus yang diinduksi Isoproterenol.”. Pada penelitian ini digunakan tiga kelompok dari enam kelompok yang digunakan di penelitian besar tersebut. Kelompok pertama ialah normal tanpa perlakuan, kelompok kedua (Iso) diberi isoproterenol dengan dosis 85 mg/kgBB. Kelompok ketiga (Iso + ekstrak CA) diberi isoproterenol dosis 85 mg/kgBB dan ekstrak air daun Centella asiatica dosis 200 mg/kgBB. Kadar protein jaringan dihitung menggunakan uji Bradford. Aktivitas SOD jaringan diperiksa menggunakan EZSOD Assay Kit sementara kadar MDA diperiksa menggunakan metode TBARS. Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, tidak ditemukan adanya perbedaan kadar MDA yang signifikan antar ketiga kelompok (p=0,105). Pada hasil pemeriksaan SOD, ditemukan penurunan yang tidak signifikan pada kelompok Iso (p=0,106) dibandingkan kelompok normal. Pada kelompok Iso + ekstrak CA ditemukan penurunan aktivitias SOD yang tidak signifikan (p=0,490) dibandingkan kelompok Iso. Kesimpulan: Pada penelitian ini, belum dapat dibuktikan bahwa ekstrak air daun Centella asiatica memiliki efek kardioprotektif terhadap aktivitas SOD dan kadar MDA jaringan jantung tikus.

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Introduction: Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the common causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. One of the underlying mechanisms of MI is due to excessive production of oxygen reactive species (ROS) in cells and tissues. This phenomenon is also known as oxidative stress condition. Many therapies are being developed to overcome MI such as medicinal herbs. Centella asiatica has been known for its useful therapeutic potential. For instance, it has some antioxidant compounds which can help reduce free radicals by scavenging them. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the effects of Centella asiatica water extract against SOD activity and MDA levels in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. Method: In this study, we used available rat heart tissues in the laboratory which were part of the previous study. Subjects were devided into three treatment groups as follows: normal, Iso, and Iso + extract CA. Isoproterenol were administered at 85 mg/kg BW and Centella asiatica water extract were administered in the third group at 200 mg/kg BW on the previous study. Bradford tests were performed to measure the concentration of total protein in samples. Activity of SOD were assessed by EZ-SOD Assay Kit. While levels of MDA were assessed by the TBARS assay method. Result: According to the findings of the study, there were non-significant differences in MDA levels among subjects in three groups (p=0,105). There was a non-significant decrease in activity of SOD (p=0,106) in the Iso group compared to the normal group. Also, there was a non-significant decrease in activity of SOD (p=0,490) in the Iso + extract CA group compared to the Iso group. These results are not in accordance with previous studies.Conclusion: In this study, it has not been proven that Centella asiatica water extract has cardioprotective effects against activitiy of SOD and MDA levels in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. This is probably due to some different treatments from previous studies. "

"ABSTRAKEkstrak etanol umbi sarang semut Myrmecodia pendens dan Myrmecodia tuberosa telah diteliti memberikan efek imunostimulan, namun jenis yang banyak dipasarkan adalah Myrmecodia archboldiana Merr. & L.M. Perry. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah umbi sarang semut jenis Myrmecodia archboldiana juga memberikan efek imunostimulan. Penelitian ini menggunakan tikus jantan galur Sprague-Dawley berumur 3 bulan sebanyak 25 ekor dan dibagi secara acak menjadi 5 kelompok; kelompok kontrol negatif diberikan larutan koloidal CMC 0,5%, kelompok kontrol positif diberikan levamisol hidroklorida 10 mg/200 g bb, kelompok dosis I, II, dan III masing-masing diberikan ekstrak etanol umbi sarang semut 0,1962, 0,3924 dan 0,7848 g/200 g bb. Masing-masing kelompok diberikan bahan uji secara oral selama 14 hari. Pada hari ke-8, setiap tikus disuntikkan sel darah merah domba (SDMD) 5% secara intraperitoneal. Pada hari ke-15, setiap tikus diberikan SDMD 5% secara subplantar untuk uji hipersensitivitas tipe lambat, selain itu dihitung jumlah leukosit, limfosit, dan granulosit, dan bobot relatif limpa. Ekstrak etanol Myrmecodia archboldiana dosis 0,1962 g/200 g bb memiliki aktivitas imunostimulan berdasarkan peningkatan volume kaki jam ke-2 setara dengan levamisol hidroklorida pada uji hipersensitivitas tipe lambat, namun tidak meningkatkan jumlah leukosit, limfosit, granulosit dan bobot relatif limpa.

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ABSTRACTEthanolic extracts of sarang semut tubers Myrmecodia pendens and Myrmecodia tuberosa had been research have immunostimulant?s effect, but Myrmecodia archboldiana Merr. & L.M. Perry is more commercially. The aims of this study was to determine immunostimulatory effects of Myrmecodia archboldiana. This study used 3-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats with 25 rat and divided into 5 groups. Group negative control given colloidal solution CMC 0,5%, group positive control given levamisol hydrochloride 10 mg/200 g body weight (bw), group dose I, II, and III are given the ethanolic extract of Myrmecodia archboldiana at doses of 0,1962, 0,3924 and 0,7848 g/200 g bw. They were th administrated orally for 14 days. On day 8, every rat injected 5% sheep red blood th cells (SRBC) by intraperitoneal. On the 15day, each rat was given 5% SRBC by subplantar for delayed type hypersensitivity test and the number of leukocytes, lymphocytes, granulocytes, and relative spleen weights was calculated. Ethanolic extract of Myrmecodia archboldiana at dose 0,1962 gram/200 g bw has immunostimulant activity by increase in paw volume on hour-2 equivalent with levamisole hydrochloride on delayed type hypersensitivity test, but did not increase the number of leukocytes, lymphocytes, granulocytes and relative spleen weights. "

"Anthocyanin has various biological activities such as antioxidative, antiiflammation, neuroprotective, and periductal antifibrosis effect. To obtain anthocyanin from Myrmecodia pendens tubers optimally, it needs to be extracted with appropriate method. Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) method was chosen because of its brief extraction time, saving solvents, and cheap compared to conventional extraction methods. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to arrange the experiment design and to determine the optimum condition of MAE in order to obtain anthocyanin concentration. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum condition of MAE in obtaining anthocyanin concentration from Myrmecodia pendens using RSM. The research methods included the experiment design arrangement, samples preparation, extraction using MAE, anthocyanin concentration measurement with spectrophotometer UV/Vis, and data analysis by RSM. The factors in this experiment design were solvent concentration, ratio, time, and power. The analysis result of optimum condition obtained was the condition with solvent concentration of ethanol 80%, solid-liquid ratio 1:8, extraction time 3 minutes, and MAE power 10%, by desirability index 0.877 and anthocyanin concentration 3,807.31 mg/L cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalents.

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Antosianin memiliki berbagai aktivitias biologis seperti efek antioksidatif, antiinflamasi, neuroprotektif, dan antifibrosis periduktal. Salah satunya umbi Myrmecodia pendens, diketahui mengandung antosianin. Untuk memperoleh antosianin dari umbi Myrmecodia pendens tersebut secara optimum perlu dilakukan ekstraksi dengan metode yang sesuai. Metode ekstraksi berbantu gelombang mikro (MAE) dipilih karena waktu ekstraksinya yang singkat, hemat pelarut, dan murah dibandingkan dengan metode ekstraksi konvensional. Metode permukaan respon (RSM) digunakan untuk merancang desain eksperimen dan menentukan kondisi optimum MAE dalam memperoleh kadar antosianin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan kondisi optimum MAE dalam memperoleh kadar antosianin dari umbi Myrmecodia pendens menggunakan RSM. Metode penelitiannya meliputi pembuatan desain eksperimen, persiapan sampel, ekstraksi dengan MAE, penentuan kadar antosianin menggunakan spektrofotometer UV/Vis, dan analisis data menggunakan RSM. Faktor dalam desain eksperimen ini antara lain konsentrasi pelarut, rasio, waktu, dan daya. Hasil analisis, kondisi optimum diperoleh dengan faktor konsentrasi pelarut etanol 80%, rasio sampel terhadap pelarut 1:8, waktu ekstraksi 3 menit, dan daya alat MAE 10%, dengan indeks desirability 0,877 dan kadar antosianinnya sebesar 3.807,31 mg/L ekuivalen sianidin-3-glukosida."

"Tumbuhan obat Indonesia, sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendens) telah terbukti secara empiris mampu menyembuhkan berbagai macam penyakit termasuk kanker. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan isolasi senyawa antikanker dari hipokotil tumbuhan sarang semut menggunakan beberapa jenis pelarut dan menentukan struktur molekul senyawa aktif. Uji toksisitas dilakukan dengan metode brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) dan uji in vitro antikanker dengan metode microscopic counting menggunakan sel HeLa (sel kanker leher rahim), sel MCM-B2 (sel kanker payudara), dan sel Leukemia L1210. Elusidasi struktur kimia dilakukan dengan metode spektroskopi (UV-VIS, FT-IR, dan RMI).Berdasarkan uji toksisitas dan uji in vitro terhadap sel HeLa, MCM-B2, dan Leukemia L1210 maka ekstrak yang paling aktif adalah ekstrak air (A). Pemisahan dan pemurnian ekstrak air (A) dengan kromatografi kolom dan kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi preparatif menghasilkan tiga isolat relatif murni masing-masing IA2, IA4, dan IA6. Hasil uji tiga isolat terhadap sel Leukemia L1210 menghasilkan IC50 IA2 = 1,88 μg/ml, IC50 IA4 = 1,45 μg/ml, dan IC50 IA6 = 2,04 μg/ml. Ketiga isolat mempunyai efek sitotoksik kuat. Berdasarkan data spektroskopi, isolat IA6 diduga senyawa turunan karbohidrat.

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The Indonesian medicinal plant, sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendens), has proved empirically capable to healing various diseases, including cancer. In this research, compound isolation of anticancer agent was carried out from sarang semut plant hypocotyls by some type of solvent and to determine active compound molecule structure. Toxicity test was conducted using brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) and in vitro test using microscopic counting method by means HeLa cells (cervix cancer cell), MCM-B2 cell (breast cancer cell), and Leukemia cell L1210. Elucidation of chemical structure conducted by spectroscopy methods (UV-VIS, FT- IR, and NMR).

According to toxicity and in vitro test on cells of HeLa, MCM-B2, dan Leukemia L1210, the most active extract is water extract (A). Separation and purification of water extract (A) by coloum chromatography and preparative high performance liquid chromatography has produce three relative pure isolates namely IA2, IA4, and IA6. The test result on the three isolates on Leukemia L1210 cell produce IC50 IA2 = 1,88 μg/ml, IC50 IA4 = 1,45 μg/ml, and IC50 IA6 = 2,04 μg/ml. The three isolates has strong cytotoxic effect. According to spectroscopy data, isolate IA6 indicate carbohydrate derivate compound."

"Pada proses pre-commisioning jaringan pipa bawah laut diperlukan pencegahan korosi dimana laju korosi material baja API 5L grade B di dalam larutan 3,5 % NaCl teraerasi pada kondisi steady masih relatif tinggi yang dapat mencapai lebih dari 20 mpy (0,5 mm/tahun). Upaya pencegahan korosi pada saat proses hydrotest dengan media air laut dilakukan dengan penambahan inhibitor anorganik yang mengandung zat corrosion inhibitor, oxygen scavenger dan biocide sehingga diperlukan bahan organik alternatif ramah lingkungan dengan kinerja yang lebih baik. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menginvestigasi efisiensi dari penggunaan campuran ekstrak sarang semut dan sirih merah sebagai alternatif inhibitor ramah lingkungan atau bahan campuran untuk mengurangi penggunaan inhibitor anorganik pada perlindungan korosi material baja API 5L Grade B dalam lingkungan 3,5% NaCl.Kemampuan inhibisi korosi dari hasil ekstrak bahan alami diinvestigasi dengan menggunakan pengujian Tafel polarisasi dan Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) serta diverifikasi dengan pengujian kehilangan berat. Kandungan senyawa aktif dalam ekstrak sarang semut dan sirih merah beserta senyawa teradsorpsi pada permukaan logam dan mekaniseme inhibisi elektrokimia diinvestigasi dengan pengujian EIS, FTIR dan model adsorpsi isoterm. Pada konsentrasi campuran green inhibitor 2ml sarang semut + 1ml sirih merah, effisiensi inhibitor dapat mencapai 73,66%. Pada penggunaan sebagai inhibitor campuran dengan inhibitor kimia pada konsentrasi campuran 1ml kimia + 2ml green inhibitor, dapat menurunkan laju korosi secara signifikan dari 0,42 mm/year menjadi 0,03 mm/year dengan efisiensi mencapai 93,15%. Inhibitor korosi tersebut berpengaruh terhadap kurva polarisasi anodik maupun katodik sehingga dapat berperan sebagai mixed inhibitor.Pengujian FTIR menunjukan adanya gugus-gugus fungsi ikatan kimia yang berkombinasi sebagai pembentuk lapisan (film forming) seperti Gugus hidroksil, karbonil, aromatik, alkane dan amina. Adsorpsi senyawa-senyawa terkandung dalam inhibitor sarang semut dan sirih merah pada permukaan logam terjadi spontan mengikuti Langmuir adsorpsi isoterm. Hasil ini sesuai dengan hipotesis awal bahwa ekstrak sarang semut dan sirih merah yang mengandung senyawa antioksidan dapat mencegah proses oksidasi pada permukaan logam sehingga akan mengurangi laju korosi.

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During pre-commissioning of subsea pipeline are require corrosion prevention since the corrosion rate of steel material of API 5L grade B in 3.5% NaCl aerated solution under steady state condition is still relatively high (can reach more than 0,5 mm/year). Method to prevent the corrosion during subsea pipeline hydrotest using seawater is generally by the addition of inorganic inhibitor containing corrosion inhibitor agent, oxygen scavenger and biocide, so that require to find out the alternative eco- friendly materials with better performance. The main objective of this study is to investigate the efficiency of the use of mixture of extract of myrmecodia pendans and piper crocatum as an alternative of eco-friendly inhibitor or a compound for reducing the use of inorganic inhibitors for corrosion protection of steel material API 5L Grade B in 3,5% NaCl Environmental.

The corrosion inhibition ability of natural ingredient extraction are investigated by using tafel polarization test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and verified by weight loss test. The content of the active compounds in the extract of Myrmecodia Pendans and Piper Crocatum along with adsorption compound on metal surfaces and electrochemical inhibition mekaniseme are investigated by EIS, FTIR testing and model of the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The addition of mixed green inhibitor concentration of 2ml myrmecodia pendans and 1ml piper crocatum is resulted in approximately 73.66% inhibitor efficiency while the addition of mixed green inhibitor into chemical inhibitor with concentration of 1ml for chemical and 2ml for green inhibitor are significantly reduce the corrosion rate from 0.42 mm/year to be 0.03 mm/year with approximately 93.15% inhibitor efficiency.

The green inhibitor affected the cathodic as well as the anodic polarization curves which were known as mixed corrosion inhibitor type. The type of chemical bonds on the steel surface layer was analyzed by FTIR method which indicated hydroxyl, carbonyl, aromatic, alkane and amine group. The adsorption of compounds contained in the myrmecodia pendans and piper crocatum inhibitor on a metal surface are occur spontaneously follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. These results are consistent with the initial hypothesis that the extract of myrmecodia pendans and piper crocatum contains antioxidant compound which can prevent the oxidation process in the metal surface thereby will reducing the corrosion rate."