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"[ABSTRAKTantangan terbesar bagi Pertamina dalam memutakhirkan bisnisnya dan masukdalam era globalisasi adalah meningkatkan margin kilang. Salah satu upaya untukmeningkatkan margin kilang adalah mengoperasikan kilang dengan businessphilosophy yaitu operations excellence “handal, efisien dan optimal”. AdvancedProcess Control (APC) adalah teknologi yang dapat meningkatkan margin kilangmelalui efisiensi energi dan optimasi produk lebih berharga dengan cara stabilisasikontrol proses kemudian menggeser target operasi (set point) mendekati titikoperasi optimal. Metode statistika adalah salah satu metode yang dapat digunakanuntuk memperkirakan benefit implementasi APC. Dalam penelitian ini, metodestatistika digunakan untuk menganalisis dan mengidetifikasi historical data daribeberapa process variable selama setahun untuk membangun suatu modelimplementasi teknologi APC pada kilang minyak (refinery) khususnya CrudeDisttillation Unit (CDU). Model yang berhasil dibangun adalah modeldeterministik berdasarkan analisis probabilistik dan teori yang mendasarinya yangkemudian dikembangkan menjadi model stokastik untuk analisis resiko danketidak pastian menggunakan simulasi monte carlo. Penelitian ini berhasilmembuktikan bahwa implementasi teknologi APC layak dilakukan dan dapatmeningkatkan margin kilang Pertamina RU VI Balongan.

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ABSTRACTThe biggest challenge for Pertamina in updating its business and entered theglobalization era is increasing refinery margin. One effort to increase the refinerymargin is operating with a business philosophy so called operations excellence"reliable, efficient and optimal". Advanced Process Control (APC) is a kind oftechnology that can improve refinery margins through the energy efficiency andvaluable product optimization by way of process control stabilization then shiftsoperation target (set point) approaching the optimal operating point. Statisticalmethod is one method that can be applied to estimate the benefits of APCimplementation. In this research, statistical methods used to analyze and identifythe historical data from several process variables during one year to build amodel of APC technology utilization at refineries in particular Crude DistillationUnit (CDU). The model that has been successfully built is a deterministic modelbased on probabilistic analysis and underlying theories which later developedinto a stochastic model for risk analysis and uncertainty using Monte Carlosimulation. This research has successfully proving that implementation of APCtechnology feasible to conduced and can improve refinery margin of PertaminaRU VI Balongan., The biggest challenge for Pertamina in updating its business and entered theglobalization era is increasing refinery margin. One effort to increase the refinerymargin is operating with a business philosophy so called operations excellence"reliable, efficient and optimal". Advanced Process Control (APC) is a kind oftechnology that can improve refinery margins through the energy efficiency andvaluable product optimization by way of process control stabilization then shiftsoperation target (set point) approaching the optimal operating point. Statisticalmethod is one method that can be applied to estimate the benefits of APCimplementation. In this research, statistical methods used to analyze and identifythe historical data from several process variables during one year to build amodel of APC technology utilization at refineries in particular Crude DistillationUnit (CDU). The model that has been successfully built is a deterministic modelbased on probabilistic analysis and underlying theories which later developedinto a stochastic model for risk analysis and uncertainty using Monte Carlosimulation. This research has successfully proving that implementation of APCtechnology feasible to conduced and can improve refinery margin of PertaminaRU VI Balongan.]"

"Unit boiler adalah salah satu unit utilitas yang penting pada Pertamina RU-VI Balongan. Steam yang dihasilkan digunakan sebagai media pembangkitan listrik dan media bantu proses produksi. Pada saat ini, unit boiler pada kilang Pertamina RU-VI Balongan memiliki tingkat pengoperasian per boiler untuk produksi steam rata-rata sebesar 82 Ton / Jam dari kapasitas maksimum 115 Ton/ Jam, dimana tingkat produksi tersebut hanya berada di titik 71% dari beban, pengoperasian tersebut masih berada di bawah standar pengoperasian boiler untuk produksi steam pada titik pengoperasian efisiennya yaitu 75-80%. Advanced Process Control adalah alternatif untuk peningkatan efisiensi pada Unit Boiler di Kilang Balongan, tanpa menimbulkan potensi kilang untuk berhenti beroperasi. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukan bahwa APC dapat meningkatkan revenue dari peningkatan produk berharga proses produksi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengalisis implementasi APC dari manfaat teknis maupun dari sisi keekonomian pada unit boiler yang akan digunakan pengambil keputusan pada tingkat studi kelayakan pada industri refinery. Dengan implementasi APC, produksi steam dapat ditingkatkan dari 82,211 Ton / Jam menjadi 87, 101 Ton/ Jam. Implementasi APC ini dapat menghemat biaya bahan bakar gas sebesar $ 780,620 / Tahun. Dari sisi keekonomian implementasi ini mempunyai Net Present Value sebesar $ 2,839,000 In.

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Boiler units are one of the most important part of utility unit in Pertamina RU-VI Balongan, the steam that it produces, used for electric generation and part of production process. With the operational level of steam production per boiler sit on 82 Ton / Hour, with maximum capacity of 115 Ton / Hour, the operation level is only at 71%, under the range of efficient boiler operation point at 75- 80%. Advanced Process Control implementation is a one of the alternatives to increasing the efficiency of the boiler units without potentially shutting down the refinery process. The previous research shown that APC could maximizing the revenue, by optimizing the production of valuable products. This study has a purpose to analyze the implementation of APC in terms of technical benefit and economical benefit, in terms of optimizing boiler production level and potentially reducing the refinery fuel cost of boiler. To be used by a decision maker in the level of feasibility studies in a company that moves in Refining Process Industry. With APC implementation, the steam production could be increased from 82,211 Ton/Hour to 87,101 Ton/Hour. The implementation of APC also could save the fuel up to $ 780,620 / Year. In terms of economical study, APC implementation has a NPV of $ 2,839,000 USD, and Internal Rate of Return of 34% with payback period of 4,6 Ye"

"Pada tahun 2015, Indonesia diproyeksikan mengalami defisit bahan bakar minyak sebesar 562.000 barrel/ hari. Untuk menutupi defisit tersebut diperlukan upaya luar biasa berupa pembangunan terminal transit bahan bakar minyak impor atau pembangunan kilang baru dan modifikasi kilang eksisting dengan kapasitas pengolahan sebesar minimal 300.000 barrel/ hari guna menjaga ketahanan energi nasional. Disain kilang yang ada harus dipasang dengan sistem pengendalian untuk menghindari gangguan pada proses yang berdampak pada keefektifan dan kestabilan operasi pabrik. Pada awalnya minyak bumi akan diproses pada bagian Crude Distillation Unit (CDU) untuk mendapatkan produk straight run. Unit ini sangat menentukan rate produk sehingga perlu diterapakan konfigurasi sistem pengendalian yang optimum. Jenis pengendali yang akan diterapkan pada penelitian ini adalah pengendali PI (Proportional - Integral) karena dapat menangani hampir setiap situasi pengendalian proses di dalam skala industri. Telah banyak rancangan kilang dengan model konfigurasi tertentu dan metode pengendali tertentu, misalnya kilang dengan dominasi produk bensin dengan pengendali PID dan kilang dengan dominasi produk kerosene dengan pengendali PI. Pengendalian proses kolom distilasi ini dilakukan dengan mensimulasikan secara dinamik pada perangkat lunak Aspen Hysys v.8. Penyetelan pengendali dilakukan untuk mendapatkan parameter kinerja alat kendali yang optimum yaitu dihitung berdasarkan metode Ziegler - Nichols, Lopez dan fine tunning. Sebagai hasilnya, pada pengendali laju alir diesel dan light naphta, pengendali tekanan pada reboiler, dan pengendali temperatur feed masukan kolom distilasi digunakan penyetelan Lopez. Sedangkan untuk pengendali laju alir AGO (atmospheric gas oil) dan level kondenser digunakan penyetelan fine tuning.

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By 2015, Indonesia is projected in deficit of fuel oil by 562.000 barrels/ day. To cover that deficit, Indonesia requires a tremendous efforts such as the construction of a transit terminal which is imported fossil fuels or the construction of new refineries and modification of the existing refinery with a processing capacity of at least 300.000 barrels/ day in order to maintain national energy security. The design of the existing refinery has to be fitted with a control system to avoid interruptions that have an impact on the effectiveness and stability of plant operations. At first, crude oil will be processed at the Crude Distillation Unit (CDU) to obtain straight run products. This unit will determine the rate of product that needs to be applied an optimum configuration of system control. PI controller (Proportional - Integral) will be applied to the system control because it can handle almost any situation in process control in industrial scale. Have many designs refineries with a particular configuration model and specific control methods, such as a refinery with a petrol product dominance with a PID controllers and refineries with kerosene product dominance with a PI controller. The distillation column of process control is done by simulating the plant dynamically in Aspen Hysys v.8 software. Adjustments made to obtain the optimum performance parameters of control device that is calculated based on Ziegler - Nichols, Lopez and fine tunning methods. As a result, the diesel and light naphtha flowrate controllers, reboiler pressure controller, and input feeds temperature of a distillation column controller used Lopez adjustment. As for the AGO (atmospheric gas oil) flowrate controller and the level of conndenser controller used fine tuning adjustment."