Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"[Senyawa bahan alam yang mengandung banyak senyawa pereduksi dan gugus-gugus organik kurang termanfaatkan dengan baik untuk sintesis nanopartikel. Ekstrak bawang putih (EBP) (allium sativum L) dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai reaktan dalam pembuatan nanopartikel Au (AuNP). EBP dapat mereduksi dan menstabilkan AuNP. AuNP di karakterisasi menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis dan TEM sedangkan EBP dikarakterisasi menggunakan FTIR, dan LCMS. AuNP optimum yang di karakterisasi menggunakan TEM memiliki ukuran 15 nm dan memiliki kestabilan hingga 33 hari. Berdasarkan hasil FTIR dan LCMS, senyawa aktif yang diduga berperan sebagai agen pereduksi adalah asam askorbat (vitamin C), gula bebas seperti, surosa, glukosa, dan fruktosa, allin, alicin, dan s-alilsitein dan senyawa aktif yang diduga berperan sebagai agen penstabil adalah -glutamilsistein, -glutamil-s-alilsistein, -glutamil phenil alanin, s-alil mercaptosistein, metil alil tiosulfonat, dan prophenil alil tiosulfonat. AuNP yang terbentuk dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pendeteksi terhadap formalin dan melamin pada kondisi pH 3,6.

---

Compounds of natural product that many contain reducing compounds and organic groups are less well utilized for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Garlic exstract (EBP) (allium sativum L) can be used as a reactant in the manufacture of nanoparticles Au (AuNP). EBP can reduce dan stabilize AuNP. AuNP characterized using spectrophotometer UV-Vis and TEM while EBP characterized using FTIR and LCMS. AuNP optimum that characterized by TEM has size 15 nm and has stability up to 33 days. Based on the results of FTIR and LCMS, the active compounds are expected have role as reducing agent is ascorbic acid (vitamin C), free sugar such as, sukrose, glucose, and fructose, allin, Alicin, and s-alilsitein and the active compounds are thought to act as a stabilizing agent is γ-glutamilsistein, γ-glutamyl-s-alilsistein, γ-glutamyl phenil alanine, s-allyl mercaptosistein, allyl methyl tiosulfonat, and allyl prophenil tiosulfonat. Aunp formed can be used as a detector of the formaldehyde and melamine at pH 3.6.;Compounds of natural product that many contain reducing compounds and organic groups are less well utilized for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Garlic exstract (EBP) (allium sativum L) can be used as a reactant in the manufacture of nanoparticles Au (AuNP). EBP can reduce dan stabilize AuNP. AuNP characterized using spectrophotometer UV-Vis and TEM while EBP characterized using FTIR and LCMS. AuNP optimum that characterized by TEM has size 15 nm and has stability up to 33 days. Based on the results of FTIR and LCMS, the active compounds are expected have role as reducing agent is ascorbic acid (vitamin C), free sugar such as, sukrose, glucose, and fructose, allin, Alicin, and s-alilsitein and the active compounds are thought to act as a stabilizing agent is γ-glutamilsistein, γ-glutamyl-s-alilsistein, γ-glutamyl phenil alanine, s-allyl mercaptosistein, allyl methyl tiosulfonat, and allyl prophenil tiosulfonat. Aunp formed can be used as a detector of the formaldehyde and melamine at pH 3.6.;Compounds of natural product that many contain reducing compounds and organic groups are less well utilized for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Garlic exstract (EBP) (allium sativum L) can be used as a reactant in the manufacture of nanoparticles Au (AuNP). EBP can reduce dan stabilize AuNP. AuNP characterized using spectrophotometer UV-Vis and TEM while EBP characterized using FTIR and LCMS. AuNP optimum that characterized by TEM has size 15 nm and has stability up to 33 days. Based on the results of FTIR and LCMS, the active compounds are expected have role as reducing agent is ascorbic acid (vitamin C), free sugar such as, sukrose, glucose, and fructose, allin, Alicin, and s-alilsitein and the active compounds are thought to act as a stabilizing agent is γ-glutamilsistein, γ-glutamyl-s-alilsistein, γ-glutamyl phenil alanine, s-allyl mercaptosistein, allyl methyl tiosulfonat, and allyl prophenil tiosulfonat. Aunp formed can be used as a detector of the formaldehyde and melamine at pH 3.6.;Compounds of natural product that many contain reducing compounds and organic groups are less well utilized for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Garlic exstract (EBP) (allium sativum L) can be used as a reactant in the manufacture of nanoparticles Au (AuNP). EBP can reduce dan stabilize AuNP. AuNP characterized using spectrophotometer UV-Vis and TEM while EBP characterized using FTIR and LCMS. AuNP optimum that characterized by TEM has size 15 nm and has stability up to 33 days. Based on the results of FTIR and LCMS, the active compounds are expected have role as reducing agent is ascorbic acid (vitamin C), free sugar such as, sukrose, glucose, and fructose, allin, Alicin, and s-alilsitein and the active compounds are thought to act as a stabilizing agent is γ-glutamilsistein, γ-glutamyl-s-alilsistein, γ-glutamyl phenil alanine, s-allyl mercaptosistein, allyl methyl tiosulfonat, and allyl prophenil tiosulfonat. Aunp formed can be used as a detector of the formaldehyde and melamine at pH 3.6.;Compounds of natural product that many contain reducing compounds and organic groups are less well utilized for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Garlic exstract (EBP) (allium sativum L) can be used as a reactant in the manufacture of nanoparticles Au (AuNP). EBP can reduce dan stabilize AuNP. AuNP characterized using spectrophotometer UV-Vis and TEM while EBP characterized using FTIR and LCMS. AuNP optimum that characterized by TEM has size 15 nm and has stability up to 33 days. Based on the results of FTIR and LCMS, the active compounds are expected have role as reducing agent is ascorbic acid (vitamin C), free sugar such as, sukrose, glucose, and fructose, allin, Alicin, and s-alilsitein and the active compounds are thought to act as a stabilizing agent is γ-glutamilsistein, γ-glutamyl-s-alilsistein, γ-glutamyl phenil alanine, s-allyl mercaptosistein, allyl methyl tiosulfonat, and allyl prophenil tiosulfonat. Aunp formed can be used as a detector of the formaldehyde and melamine at pH 3.6., Compounds of natural product that many contain reducing compounds and organic groups are less well utilized for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Garlic exstract (EBP) (allium sativum L) can be used as a reactant in the manufacture of nanoparticles Au (AuNP). EBP can reduce dan stabilize AuNP. AuNP characterized using spectrophotometer UV-Vis and TEM while EBP characterized using FTIR and LCMS. AuNP optimum that characterized by TEM has size 15 nm and has stability up to 33 days. Based on the results of FTIR and LCMS, the active compounds are expected have role as reducing agent is ascorbic acid (vitamin C), free sugar such as, sukrose, glucose, and fructose, allin, Alicin, and s-alilsitein and the active compounds are thought to act as a stabilizing agent is γ-glutamilsistein, γ-glutamyl-s-alilsistein, γ-glutamyl phenil alanine, s-allyl mercaptosistein, allyl methyl tiosulfonat, and allyl prophenil tiosulfonat. Aunp formed can be used as a detector of the formaldehyde and melamine at pH 3.6.]"

"Pencemaran makanan oleh zat aditif seperti formalin dan melamin merupakan hal yang sudah tidak asing lagi di telinga kita. Pengembangan metode yang mudah, cepat, dan sensitif untuk mendeteksi formalin dan melamin sangat penting, salah satunya dengan nanopartikel Au (AuNP). Dalam sintesis AuNP seringkali digunakan bahan yang mencemari lingkungan. Pada penelitian ini berhasil dikembangkan green synthesis AuNP dengan ekstrak kulit manggis (EKM) (Garcinia Mangostana L.) yang berpotensi sebagai pendeteksi formalin dan melamin. Hasil partisi, kromatografi kolom, KLT, dan karakterisasi dengan spektrofotometer FTIR dan LC-MS menunjukkan bahwa senyawa aktif yang terkandung dalam EKM yang diusulkan adalah senyawa aktif turunan flavonoid. Pada kondisi optimum sintesis AuNP@EKM diperoleh λmaks 531 nm (22 nm). AuNP@EKM stabil selama 17 hari dengan λmaks 530-532 nm. Hasil karakterisasi spektrofotometer UV-Vis dan PSA menunjukkan AuNP@EKM berpotensi mendeteksi formalin dan melamin ditandai dengan pergeseran λmaks dan perubahan warna koloid AuNP@EKM akibat adanya interaksi hidrogen.

---

Contamination of food additives such as formaldehyde and melamine is familiar in this recent cases. Developments of easy, rapid, and sensitive methode to detect formaldehyde and melamine are precisely very important and one of the methodes is detection with gold nanoparticles (AuNP). In synthesis of AuNP, often used materials that pollute the environment. This research has successfully developed green synthesis AuNP with mangosteen peel extract (MPE) (Garcinia Mangostana Contamination of food additives such as formaldehyde and melamine is familiar in this recent cases. Developments of easy, rapid, and sensitive methode to detect formaldehyde and melamine are precisely very important and one of the methodes is detection with gold nanoparticles (AuNP). In synthesis of AuNP, often used materials that pollute the environment. This research has successfully developed green synthesis AuNP with mangosteen peel extract (MPE) (Garcinia Mangostana L.) that had potentiality as detector for formaldehyde and melamine.

The results of the partition, column chromatography, TLC, and characterization by FTIR spectrophotometer and LC-MS showed that the active compound contained in MPE is flavonoid derivative active compound. The optimum condition of AuNP@MPE synthesis was obtained at λmaks 531 nm (22 nm). AuNP@MPE stable for 17 days with λmaks 530-532 nm. The results of characterization of UV-Vis spectrophotometer and PSA showed that AuNP@MPE has potentiality to detect formaldehyde and melamine. It characterized by shifting of λmaks and discoloration of the colloidal AuNP@MPE due to the interaction of hydrogen."

"ABSTRAKModifikasi boron-doped diamond (BDD) dengan emas nanopartikel (AuNPs) telah dikembangkan untuk sensor elektrokimia (yaitu deteksi arsenik). Nanopartikel emas (AuNPs) disintesis dengan ekstrak bawang putih bertindak baik sebagai reduktor dan zat penstabil. Dengan kondisi optimum 1.602 mmol Au dari HAuCl₄ dalam perbandingan dengan 1 gr ekstrak bawang putih pada pH=5 di bawah radiasi UV. Karakterisasi dari AuNPs menggunakan peralatan UV-Vis Spectrofotometer yang dikonfirmasi pada panjang gelombang 520 nm, dan Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)  didapati ukuran partikel sebesar 3.420 +/- 1.740 nm.  AuNPs yang telah disintesis dimodifikasi pada permukaan BDD dengan teknik perendaman di bawah iradiasi UV pada panjang gelombang 254 nm. SEM EDX menunjukkan bahwa BDD dimodifikasi AuNPs dengan rasio Au: C = 36.59 : 62.53 (wt%)  dapat berhasil disiapkan.  Aplikasi BDD yang sudah dimodifikasi dengan nanopartikel emas juga sukses digunakan untuk mengukur kadar arsen secara random pada danau UI, dengan hasil negatip, tidak ada kandungan Arsen (As³⁺)  pada danau UI.  

 

Kata kunci   : Nanopartikel,  Emas, Green Synthesis, Ekstrak, Bawang putih, Boron Doped Diamond, Sensor, Arsen.

---

Modifications of boron-doped diamond (BDD) with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been developed for electrochemical sensors (i.e. arsenic detection). Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) synthesized with garlic extract act as both reducing agents and stabilizers. Under optimum conditions 1,602 mmol Au from HAuCl4 in comparison with 1 gr of garlic extract at pH = 5 under UV radiation. The characterization of AuNPs using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer was confirmed at a wavelength of 520 nm, and the Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) found particle size of 3,420 +/- 1,740 nm. The synthesized AuNPs were modified on the BDD surface by immersion techniques under UV irradiation at 254 nm wavelength. SEM EDX showed that AuNPs were modified by BDD with Au: C = 36.59: 62.53 (wt%) ratio can be successfully prepared. The BDD application that has been modified with gold nanoparticles was also successfully used to measure arsenic levels randomly on UI lakes, with negative results, no Arsenic content (As³⁺) on UI lakes.

Keywords  :  Nanoparticles, Gold, Green Synthesis, Extracts, Garlic, Boron Doped Diamond, Sensors, Arsenic

"

"Hiperkolesterolemia adalah salah satu faktor risiko mayor yang dapat memicu berkembangnya penyakit kardiovaskular, khususnya penyakit jantung koroner. Salah satu obat tradisional yang digunakan untuk hiperkolesterolemia adalah kombinasi herba seledri (Apium graveolens) dan bawang putih (Allium sativum). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran efek ekstrak terhadap profil lipid pada subjek hiperkolesterolemia. Subjek terdiri atas pasien klinik pengobatan tradisional di Jakarta. Masing-masing subjek mendapatkan tablet terapi yang berisi ektrak dan tabel placebo sesuai kelompok. Pada subjek diperiksa profil lipid, yaitu kadar kolesterol total darah, HDL, LDL, dan trigliserida. Dilakukan paired t-test dua ekor untuk menguji perbedaan antara profil lipid dari kelompok terapi dan kelompok placebo. Subjek sejumlah 44 orang. Perubahan profil lipid pada antara kelompok terapi dan kelompok placebo untuk kadar kolesterol total, HDL, LDL, dan trigliserida adalah 14,82±6,946, 1,45±2,945, 6,98±8,105, 2,48±6,504 mg/dL. Campuran ektrak berefek menurunkan kolesterol darah dan kadar LDL secara bermakna (P<0,05).Hypercholesterolemia is one of the major risk factors that can trigger the development of cardiovascular disease, especially coronary heart disease. One of the traditional drugs used for hypercholesterolemia is a combination of herbs celery (Apium graveolens) and garlic (Allium sativum). This study aims to describe the effects of the extract on lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic subjects. Subjects consisted of patients with traditional medicine clinic in Jakarta. Each subject received treatment tablets containing extract and placebo table corresponding groups. On the subject examined lipid profile, ie blood levels of total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides. Do paired two-tailed t-test to test the difference between lipid profile of the therapy group and the placebo group. The subject of a number of 44 people. Changes in the lipid profile between the treatment groups and the placebo group for total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides was 14,82 ± 6,946;1.45 ± 2,945;6,98 ± 8,105;2,48 ± 6,504 mg/dL. A mixture of extracts affect blood cholesterol and LDL levels were significantly (P <0.05)."

"ABSTRAKHiperkolesterolemia adalah salah satu faktor risiko mayor yang dapat memicu berkembangnya penyakit kardiovaskular, khususnya penyakit jantung koroner. Salah satu obat tradisional yang digunakan untuk hiperkolesterolemia adalah kombinasi herba seledri (Apium graveolens) dan bawang putih (Allium sativum).Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran efek ekstrak terhadap profil lipid pada subjek hiperkolesterolemia. Subjek terdiri atas pasien klinik pengobatan tradisional di Jakarta. Masing-masing subjek mendapatkan tablet terapi yang berisi ektrak dan tabel placebo sesuai kelompok. Pada subjek diperiksa profil lipid, yaitu kadar kolesterol total darah, HDL, LDL, dan trigliserida. Dilakukan paired t-test dua ekor untuk menguji perbedaan antara profil lipid dari kelompok terapi dan kelompok placebo. Subjek sejumlah 44 orang. Perubahan profil lipid pada antara kelompok terapi dan kelompok placebo untuk kadar kolesterol total, HDL, LDL, dan trigliserida adalah 14,82±6,946, 1,45±2,945, 6,98±8,105, 2,48±6,504 mg/dL. Campuran ektrak berefek menurunkan kolesterol darah dan kadar LDL secara bermakna (P<0,05).

---

ABSTRACT

Hypercholesterolemia is one of the major risk factors that can trigger the development of cardiovascular disease, especially coronary heart disease. One of the traditional drugs used for hypercholesterolemia is a combination of herbs celery (Apium graveolens) and garlic (Allium sativum).

This study aims to describe the effects of the extract on lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic subjects. Subjects consisted of patients with traditional medicine clinic in Jakarta. Each subject received treatment tablets containing extract and placebo table corresponding groups. On the subject examined lipid profile, ie blood levels of total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides. Do paired two-tailed t-test to test the difference between lipid profile of the therapy group and the placebo group. The subject of a number of 44 people. Changes in the lipid profile between the treatment groups and the placebo group for total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides was 14,82 ± 6,946;1.45 ± 2,945;6,98 ± 8,105;2,48 ± 6,504 mg/dL. A mixture of extracts affect blood cholesterol and LDL levels were significantly (P <0.05)."

"Penelitian terhadap sintesis nanopartikel magnetik menggunakan biologi sebagai agen pereduksi cukup pesat dikembangkan, menimbang proses ny yang ramah lingkungan dan dapat meminimalisir penggunaan produk kimia berbahaya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan esktrak daun Matoa Pometia pinnata. Parameter proses seperti pH larutan menjadi pertimbangan dalam proses pembentukan nanopartikel magnetik sehingga dilakukan variasi dengan waktu penambahan NaOH. Berhasilnya proses biosintesis nanopartikel magnetik dapat terlihat dari perubahan warna larutan serta terdapatnya partikel yang tertarik saat didekatkan dengan magnet.Karakterisasi sifat optik yang dihasilkan dari proses biosintesis dipelajari menggunakan UV-Vis, lalu karakterisasi nanopartikel dipelajari menggunakan TEM, PSA, XRD, dan TGA. Ukuran nanopartikel berkisar 5-50 nm dan beraglomerasi, fasa magnetik yang terbentuk yaitu Fe3O4. Dari semua hasil karakterisasi tersebut memperlihatkan bahwa penambahan NaOH berpengaruh terhadap pembentukan morfologi nanopartikel magnetik. Selain itu variasi waktu pada penambahan NaOH akan mempengaruhi kristalinitas pada nanopartikel magnetik.

---

Research on the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles using biology as reducing agents is a fairly rapid method developed, weighing the process of being environmentally friendly and able to minimize the use of hazardous chemical products. The study was conducted using Matoa leaves extract Pometia pinnata. Process parameters such as solution pH is considered in the process of forming magnetic nanoparticles so that they are varied with the time of addition of NaOH. The success of the biosynthesis of magnetic nanoparticles can be seen from the color changes in the solution and the presence of particles attracted when held close to magnet.

The characterization of the optical properties resulting from the biosynthesis process was studied using UV Vis, then the nanoparticle characterization was studied using TEM, PSA, XRD, and TGA. The size of nanoparticles ranged from 5 50 nm and aglomerated, the magnetic phase formed is Fe3O4. Of all the characterization results showed that the addition of NaOH influenced the morphology of magnetic nanoparticles. In addition, the time variation in the addition of NaOH will influence crystallinity in magnetic nanoparticles. "

"Pada pertambangan minyak bumi, minyak mentah yang dihasilkan masih bercampur dengan garam-garam anorganik dan gas yang bersifat asam. Campuran material tersebut jika bercampur dengan air akan menjadi media yang sangat korosif terhadap pipa baja karbon. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan penanggulangan untuk meminimalisir terjadinya korosi, yaitu dengan menggunakan inhibitor organik yang tersedia di alam yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan ekstrak bawang putih (Allium sativum L.) sebagai alternatif inhibitor terhadap korosi baja karbon API-5L dalam media NaCl 1% dengan penambahan buffer asetat pH 4 jenuh CO2. Metode yang digunakan untuk menguji aktifitas inhibisi ekstrak bawang putih adalah EIS (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy) dan polarisasi Tafel. Berdasarkan hasil skrining fitokimia, bawang putih mengandung sejumlah senyawa organik seperti alkaloid dan flavonoid serta senyawa aromatik lain yang mengandung molekul nitrogen, oksigen, asam amino, sulfur, atau ikatan rangkap yang memungkinkan menjadikan bawang putih sebagai alternatif inhibitor. Dari hasil pengukuran diketahui bahwa efisiensi inhibisi maksimum terjadi pada konsentrasi inhibitor maksimum, 250 ppm, dengan %EI mencapai 91,87% pada suhu kamar. Pada suhu lebih tinggi 55 oC, efisiensi inhibisi juga meningkat hingga 97,81%, pada konsentrasi ektrak bawang putih yang sama yakni 250 ppm. Laju korosi tanpa inhibitor berkisar pada rentang 1,447-9,105 mm/y, sedangkan laju korosi dengan adanya inhibitor berkisar pada rentang 0,433-0,489 mm/y. Interaksi antara permukaan logam dengan molekul inhibitor adalah fisiosorpsi dengan nilai ΔGads sebesar -18,818 kJ/mol mengikuti isotherm Freundlich. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak bawang putih dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif inhibitor korosi."

"Bawang putih dianggap sebagai salah satu tumbuhan terpenting, dilihat dari berbagai macam kegunaannya, baik sebagai bahan mentah untuk tujuan kuliner atau sebagai ramuan obat. Diallil disulfida (DADS) dan diallil trisulfida (DATS) merupakan senyawa organosulfur yang terdapat dalam bawang putih, yang sangat berkontribusi atas sifat bioaktif dan aroma khas pada bawang putih. DADS dan DATS juga terkenal dengan sifat antioksidannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh kondisi analisis optimum campuran DADS dan DATS agar diperoleh metode yang valid untuk digunakan pada penetapan kadar DADS dan DATS pada bawang putih tunggal dan bawang putih siung. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan kromatografi gas dengan detektor ionisasi nyala, kolom HP-1. Suhu awal kolom 140℃ dengan kenaikkan 1℃/menit hingga 180℃. Suhu injektor dan detektor diatur 200℃, laju alir gas pembawa 0,80 mL/menit, volume penyuntikkan 1,0 μL. Kondisi analisis yang telah dioptimasi kemudian divalidasi mencakup selektivitas, linearitas, akurasi, presisi, batas deteksi, batas kuantitasi. Hasil validasi didapatkan nilai koefisien korelasi (r) untuk DADS sebesar 0,9999 pada konsentrasi 0,5-20 μg/mL dengan persamaan garis y = 13068,97x - 3373,62. Pada DATS didapatkan nilai koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar 0,9999 pada rentang konsentrasi yang sama, dengan persamaan garis y = 3194,39x - 307,22. Nilai LOD dan LOQ untuk DADS sebesar 0,3063 μg/mL dan 1,0210 μg/mL, sedangkan untuk DATS sebesar 0,1986 μg/mL dan 0,6621 μg/mL. Didapatkan nilai akurasi dengan rentang %UPK antara 98,05-101,76% dan presisi dengan %KV≤2%. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode analisis yang digunakan dinyatakan valid karena memenuhi seluruh kriteria. Hasil menunjukkan pada sampel bawang putih tunggal diperoleh kadar rata-rata DADS sebesar 0,0296% dan DATS sebesar 0,0093%. Sedangkan, pada sampel bawang putih siung diperoleh kadar rata-rata DADS sebesar 0,0248% dan DATS sebesar 0,0087%.

---

Garlic is treated as one of the most important plants that can be seen from its various uses, whether as food ingredients or as a part of medicational purposes. Diallyl disulfide (DADS) and diallil trisulfide (DATS) are organosulfur compound that can be found in the garlic, which highly affect the characteristic of the aroma of the garlic itself and the bioactive properties. DADS and DATS are also well known for its antioxidants properties. The purpose of this research is to observe the optimum analysis condition of DADS and DATS in order to obtain a valid method to be used in determining DADS and DATS levels in garlic and single clove garlic. The analysis was performed using gas chromatography with flame ionization detector, column HP-1. Initial temperature of column was set from 140℃ with an increase of 1℃/min to 180℃. The injector and detector temperature was set to 200℃, carrier gas flow rate was 0,80 mL/min, and the injection volume was 1.0 μL. The optimized conditions of analysis are then validated which include selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection, and limit of quantification. Validation shows that the coefficient of correlation (r) for DADS is 0,9999 in the range of concentration 0,5-20 μg/mL with linear regression y = 13068,97x -3373,62. Moreover, the coefficient of correlation for DATS is 0,9999 in the range of the same concentration, with linear regression y = 3194,39x - 307,22. The values of LOD and LOQ for DADS are 0,3063 μg/mL and 1,0210 μg/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, the LOD and LOQ for DATS are 0,1986 μg/mL and 0,6621 μg/mL, respectively. The percentage of recovery is in the range of 98,05-101,76% and CV≤2%. This research indicates the use of analytical method is valid because it meets the criteria. Last but not least, the results shows on single clove garlic sample, the average level of DADS and DATS are 0,0296% and 0,0093%, respectively. Meanwhile, on garlic sample, the average level of DADS and DATS are 0,0248% and 0,0087%, respectively."

"Metilen biru merupakan limbah industri yang menjadi perhatian penting karena warnanya yang susah terdegradasi. Pada penelitian ini, digunakan nanopartikel ZnO termodifikasi Au ZnO-Au NPs sebagai fotodegradasi metilen biru. ZnO-Au NPs disintesis menggunakan bahan yang ramah lingkungan yaitu dengan memanfaatkan daun ilalang Imperata cylindrica L yang difungsikan sebagai sumber basa, reduktor sekaligus capping agent. Proses terbentuknya nanopartikel ZnO-Au dianalisis menggunakan alat Spektrofotometer UV-Vis Ultraviolet-visible , DRS Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy, PSA Particle Size Analyzer, PZC Potential Zeta Charge, FTIR Fourier Transform Infra Red, XRD X-ray Diffraction, SEM Scanning Electron Microscopy, EDS Energy Dispersive X-ray dan TEM Transmission Electron Microscopy. Sintesis Nanopartikel Au pada cahaya ruang menggunakan prekursor HAuCl4 7x10-4 M dan konsentrasi ekstrak 3,46 menunjukkan hasil yang terbaik dengan puncak absorbansi 1,779 dan stabil selama 40 hari. Berdasarkan hasil XRD didapatkan ukuran kristalit AuNPs sebesar 14,47 nm. Hasil TEM menunjukkan kehomogenan dengan partikel berbentuk kubus. Ukuran partikel dari PZC yaitu -18,2 mV dan adanya peregeseran puncak serapan dari bilangan gelombang 3356 cm-1 menjadi 3394 cm-1 menandakan adanya interaksi terbentuknya nanopartikel Au.

---

Methylene blue is critical industrial waste because its color is difficult to degrade. In this research, Au modified ZnO nanoparticles ZnO Au NPs was used for methylene blue photodegradation. ZnO Au NPs was synthesized using environmental friendly substance that is Imperata cylindrica L leaf extract, which has the role of base source, reduction and capping agent. The formation of ZnO Au NPs was analyzed using UV Vis spectrophotometer Ultraviolet visible , DRS Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy, PSA Particle Size Analyzer, PZC Potential Zeta Charge, FTIR Fourier Transform Infra Red, XRD X ray Diffraction, SEM Scanning Electron Microscopy, EDS Energy Dispersive X ray and TEM Transmission Electron Microscopy. Au nanoparticles synthesized at room condition using HAuCl4 7x10 4 M precursor and 3,46 leaf extract, showed the best result with the absorbance peak of 1,768 and was stable for 40 days. AuNP crystallite size of 14.47 nm was characterized using XRD. TEM showed, the homogenity of the particles have cubic shaped. PZC showed 18,2 mV and the band shift from 3356 cm 1 to 3394 cm 1 showed, the interaction due to Au NPs formation. "