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"ABSTRAK

Perpindahan dari satu titik ke titik lain biasa kita kenal dengan istilah mobilitas. Kegiatan berjalan kaki sebagai sarana mobilitas yang telah kita kenal sejak lama membutuhkan perhatian agar kelangsungannya dapat berjalan dengan baik. Mempercepat mobilitas berarti mempercepat pergerakan dengan cara mengurangi waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk berpindah dari satu titik ke titik lainnya. Dalam konteks berjalan kaki, pengurangan waktu tempuh atau peningkatan mobilitas dapat dicapai dengan adanya permeabilitas suatu lingkungan terhadap aktor-aktor pergerakan yang adalah pejalan kaki itu sendiri. Permeabilitas lingkungan diciptakan dari faktor-faktor seperti konektivitas dan aksesibilitas. Dalam arsitektur, permeabilitas tercipta dari hal-hal fisik yang ada disuatu kawasan dan hal non fisik yaitu kenyamanan dari manusia itu sendiri. Skripsi ini akan mengulas tentang apa-apa saja yang seharusnya ada dalam suatu kawasan kota agar kota itu dapat bersifat permeabel bagi pejalan kaki khususnya di kawasan perkotaan dimana cenderung terjadi banyak aktivitas berjalan kaki. Lokasi penelitian berada di dua kawasan berbeda dengan harapan dapat terlihatnya perbedaan dalam hal permeabilitas pejalan kaki oleh perbedaan kondisi fisik yang terdapat di masing-masing kawasan.

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ABSTRACT

We have known mobility as an activity that requires movement from one point to another. Activity of moving on foot as a primary mobility choice requires no less attention so that it may go well in practice. To increase mobility means to increase speed of human movement by reducing the time needed for movement from one point to another. In context of walking, reduction of such time or an increase of mobility can be reached by an existence of permeability in a neighborhood toward actors of movement whom we have known as the pedestrian. Permeability of a neighborhood is also formed by factors such as connectivity and accessibility. In architectural context, permeability is formed by physical things that are inside the neighborhood and also by non-physical factor which is the feeling of cozyness that a pedestrian can get from within the place itself. This undergraduate thesis is going to discuss about what should probably exist inside a neighborhood of a city so that the place can be permeable for pedestrian movement especially in a neighborhood where activity of movement/mobility is more likely to happen. Location of study is two different neighborhoods in hope that factors affecting pedestrian permeability will be more obvious by difference of physical condition within each respective neighborhood.

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"Rasa takut merupakan emosi yang dibawa manusia sejak lahir dan tak pernah hilang dari benaknya, seumur hidup. Manusia melakukan beragam respon terhadap rasa takut untuk memperoleh kebutuhan dasarnya akan rasa aman. Respon tersebut salah satunya terlihat dari makna hunian sebagai ruang defensif, disamping fungsinya sebagai tempat tinggal, hidup, dan beraktivitas. Karena itu, sebuah lingkungan maupun unit hunian yang ada di dalamnya akan menampilkan ekspresi rasa takut para penghuni, baik terhadap fenomena alam maupun sosial, melalui wujud fisik tertentu. Ancaman biasanya datang dari luar, sehingga ekspresi rasa takut pada hunian akan diperlihatkan oleh elemen-elemen batas yang mempertegas teritori, antara bagian dalam dan luar. Teritori memiliki kecenderungan memperbesar diri sebagai bentuk adaptasi, dengan mengambilalih teritori lain. Batas teritori umumnya menampilkan wujud fisik yang statis, permanen, tegas, dan kokoh, sebagai upaya pencegahan, sehingga bertolak belakang dengan respon paling dasar manusia saat terancam yaitu meloloskan diri, yang lebih dinamis dan kondisional.

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Fear is an innate emotion that will never been disappeared from human mind, in a whole life. People do various responses to fear, to get their basic needs of safety. One of those responses appears in a sense of dwelling as a defensible space, beside its main function as a place to stay, live, and do activities. Therefore, a dwelling environment and units inside, show the fear expression of the inhabitants because of both social and natural phenomenon of threats, in a form of physical appearance. Threat usually come from outside, and fear expression in a dwelling is shown by the boundary which make territory more obvious, between inside and outside. Territory is leaning to extend itself as an adaptation, by occupying other territory. Territory boundary generally shows a static, permanent, and persistent physical appearance, as an anticipation, contradict with human basic response of threat, that is to escape or to get away, which is more dynamic and conditional."

"Kota adalah sebuah wadah hidup manusia, yang memiliki identitas yang berbeda antara satu dengan lainnya. Identitas kota dibentuk oleh ruang yang ada di dalamnya.Setiap ruang akan memberikan identitasnya sehingga terbentuk satu kesatuan identitas kota. Ada ruang yang tidak dapat memberikan identitasnya kepada kota. Ruang ini disebut sebagai ruang negatif kota. Ada tidaknya elemen yang membentuk lingkungan fisik kota akan menentukan terbentuknya identitas ruang. Interaksi antar elemen pun sangat mempengaruhi terbentuknya identitas ruang oleh karena itu, terbenmknya ruang negatif tidak terlepas dari elemen yang membentuk lingkungan fisik kota dimana ruang tersebut berada."

"Development successful of a state supported by many factors. One of sector which has contribution in its successful is transportation sector. Transportation sector is a important sector of state development. If the transportation is good, the development becomes more accomplished so the economic can grow and automatically politic stability increases. Public policy in transportation sector is very important thing, because including people and goods movement to some area or place especially in urban. The problems of transportation in urban generally are traffic jam, traffic indiscipline, pollution, safety etc. Transportation policy directed to overcome the problems of transportation by providing priority of the more important problem to be overcome first. The air pollution caused by urban transportation is one of the biggest contribution of carbon gas on atmosphere and this problem would be discussed in this thesis. Method which was used in this thesis was qualitative method by collecting data through library research and interview to the competence sides in this research. The conclusion of this research is state policy especially transportation sector still more emphasize certain groups particularly for the sake of business. and ignored importance of public, people conditions are still weak even though today has gone in reformation era which emphasizes people in making policy. However state remain participates in international policy that is ratifying Kyoto Protocol to reduce the danger gas which causes climate alteration and global effect. Thus the state still halfhearted to perform the policy in this environment sector because of many importance, while in politic international which was leaded by state that is care about environment, that is a important issue and many pay attention in globalization era currently and in order to the state was not excommunicated in international world."