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"The main aim of this book is to evaluate the concept of stress and provide tools for physicians to identify patients who might benefit from stress management. This will incorporate a detailed description of the physiological and pathophysiological consequences of acute and chronic stress that might lead to cardiovascular disease. The book will aim to critically evaluate interventional research (behavioural and other therapies) and provide evidence based recommendations on how to manage stress in the cardiovascular patient. Our intentions are to define and highlight stress as an etiological factor for cardiovascular disease, and to describe an evidence based "tool box" that physicians may use to identify and manage patients in whom stress may be an important contributing factor for their disease and their risk of suffering cardiovascular complications."

"Obesity is performed by genetic, environmental, and complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors.Fatness levels in obese children are indicative of increased risk for elevated blood pressure, cholesterol, and lipoproteinratios children and adolescents. Serum cholesterol and blood pressure are related to raise atherosclerotic lesion. Certaincardiovascular disease risk factors in obese children are related to the earliest stages of atherosclerosis disease. Obesechildren have the high risk factors of certain cardiovascular disease. Genetic factors affecting metabolic rate can besuccessfully managed by the introduction of environmental factors such as decrease caloric intake and increase physicalactivity. The treatment of obesity and of atherosclerotic patients should include dietary restriction (protein sparingmodified fast and hypocaloric balanced diet), nutrition education, increased physical activity, behavior modification, andfamilial support. Success fully management of obesity can improve the quality of life and reduce the risk of morbidityand mortality associated with obesity."

"Synopsis2015 BMA Medical Book Awards: First Prize in Cardiology "This is an expansive reference covering every aspect of cardiovascular disease from the global burden of disease to genetics, advanced imaging, vascular disease, heart failure, and therapeutic modalities. This edition offers online content that is updated weekly to supplement the text and provides an extensive library of tables and figures. The new edition has updated every chapter and added nine new chapters. This comprehensive, interactive update continues this book's tradition of excellence as a comprehensive educational resource for the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease. - Patrick T Campbell, MD(Ochsner Clinic Foundation), Excerpts from Doody's review service, Rating - 4 Stars! "Now in its 10th edition, this is truly a superb resource for all things cardiovascular and seems to be breathtaking in its coverage. A lot of books can claim to be a one stop shop and though it does not claim to be-I guess this book should answer most queries from the basic to the sophisticated when dealing with a patient and their problems. There is a lot of good science within the text though undeniably, it is a clinical book; the basic science is relevant to a clinician and makes reading around a topic much more interesting and educational." Reviewed by: Dr Harry Brown Date: Nov 2014"

"Cardiac CT scanners are rapidly improving, each major vendor has introduced a state of the art scanner every 2–3 years. The basic applications, terminology and acquisition has not changed dramatically, however, improvements in hardware and software continue to reduce radiation exposure, scan times, artifacts and improve image quality. This chapter outlines the basic CT terminology, functions and background behind the current state of CT scan- ners for cardiac applications. It reviews spatial, temporal and contrast resolution limits of the CT scanners. An overview of common terms, radiation exposure and protocols are included. This acts as an introductory chapter to be expanded by subsequent chapters that will each go into more details on specific topics. Comparison to magnetic resonance for image quality and functionality, and dose comparisons to mammography, nuclear and fluoroscopy are included."

"This book primarily focuses on the pathophysiology of ER stress. It introduces the molecular bases of ER stress, the emerging relevance of the ER-mitochondria cross-talk, the signaling pathways engaged and cellular responses to ER stress, including the adaptive Unfolded Protein Response (UPR), autophagy as well as cell death. Next the book addresses the role of ER stress in physiology and in the etiology of relevant pathological conditions, like carcinogenesis and inflammation, neurodegeneration and metabolic disease. The last chapter describes how ER stress pathways can be targeted for therapeutic benefit. Altogether, this book will provide the reader with an exhaustive view of ER stress biology and the latest insights in the role of ER stress in relevant human diseases."

"Background: cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is the most common cause of death in Indonesia. We aimed to examine risks of CVD in workers aged 40 to 69 year related to their occupational status. Methods: a cross-sectional study in all provinces of Indonesia. Data from a large-scale national health survey called RISKESDAS were used to analyze factors associated with CVD. Analysis was restricted to the working population aged 40 to 69 year. There were 137,378 subjects included in the analysis. Coxs regression analysis was modified to calculate prevalence ratio for the association of CVD with diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, stress, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and particular demographic factors. Results:CVD was associated with occupation; white collar workers were about 1.6 times as likely to be diagnosed with CVD as to blue collar workers. However, blue collar workers were more likely to report symptoms of CVD than white collar workers. Prevalence of CVD was higher in women than men, increasing by age and education attainment. Hypertension, DM, stress, and increased BMI added the prediction of CVD: prevalence ratio (PR) was 1.72 (95% CI 1.59-1.86), 3.89 (95% CI 3.43-4.44), 3.02 (95% CI 2.77-3.29) and 1.42 (95% CI 1.28-1.57) for BMI 27 relative to <25 kg/m2, respectively. The study could not explain the association with smoking. Conclusion: this study added evidence of major risk factors which could be modified to reduce CVD. Some associations were likely to reflect access to health care.

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Latar belakang: penyakit kardiovaskular (PKV) adalah penyebab kematian yang paling umum di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari faktor risiko PKV pada pekerja umur 40 – 69 tahun yang dikaitkan dengan status pekerjanya.

Metode: studi potong lintang pada seluruh provinsi di Indonesia. Studi ini menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan penyakit kardiovaskular. Data berasal dari survei kesehatan nasional/ RISKESDAS (Riset Kesehatan Dasar). Analisis terbatas pada populasi pekerja usia 40-69 tahun. Terdapat 137.378 subyek yang dianalisis. Analisis cox’s regression yang dimodifikasi digunakan untuk menghitung rasio prevalensi hubungan antara penyakit kardiovaskular (PKV) dengan diabetes melitus (DM), hipertensi, stres, indeks massa tubuh (IMT), merokok dan faktor demografi lainnya.

Hasil: PKV berhubungan dengan pekerjaan; pekerja white collar berisiko 1.6 kali terdiagnosis PKV dibandingkan dengan pekerja blue collar. Namun, pekerja blue collar lebih cenderung melaporkan gejala PKV dibanding dengan pekerja white collar. Prevalensi PKV lebih tinggi pada wanita dibandingkan dengan laki-laki. PKV meningkat berdasarkan usia dan pendidikan. Hipertensi, DM, stres, dan peningkatan IMT merupakan prediktor dari PKV: prevalence ratio (PR) 1,72 (95% CI 1,59-1,86), 3,89 (95% CI 3,43-4,44), 3.02 (95% CI 2,77-3,29) dan 1.42 (95% CI 1,28-1,57) pada IMT ≥27 dibandingkan <25 kg/m2. Studi ini tidak menjelaskan hubungan antara PKV dengan merokok.

Kesimpulan: studi ini membuktikan bahwa faktor risiko utama dapat dimodifikasi untuk menurunkan CVD. Beberapa hubungan mungkin mencerminkan akses ke pelayanan kesehatan."

"This volume brings together experts in the biochemistry, cellular biology, immunology and molecular biology of molecular chaperones and protein-folding catalysts with a focus on the mechanisms of cellular trafficking of these proteins and the role of these variegated trafficking mechanisms in both human and animal health and disease."