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"Annual export-import traffic in live-reef-fish commerce in Asia was confirmed not less than 25,000 tons caught using tons of cyanides. This was not included domestic consumption and deadfishes caused by cyanides. This condition clearly menaces the conversation of coral reef ecosystems and its related biota especially in Indonesia where utilization of 'potas' is growing. By environmental law set up since 1982, this kind of commerce is illegal. Legal matters on this issue became difficult to pursue because physical evidence required to determine whether an action or transaction was against the law or not oftenly difficult to prove. The police is usually faced with fish samples or other marine animals exposed to cyanides and to determine cyanide concentration, a sensitive, reliable and accurate method is needed even down to ppb level. The development of such method is urgently required for two reasons. First, the large and unique Indonesia must have handling system that is able to manage natural conservation process appropriately. Rapid sampling and analysis in the field as well as preparation of human resource in modern analytical proficiency are examples of the problems. Secondly, it may help law practitioners in providing them some scientific physical evidence for legal cases especially in marine environment protection. It is concluded that the role of marine analytical chemistry is very decisive in marine science development as well as in law enforcement."

"ABSTRAKAkway (Drimys piperita Hook f.) merupakan tumbuhan berkayu, berdaun hijau aromatik yang termasuk dalam anggotawinteraceae. Tumbuhan ini digunakan oleh suku Sougb yang mendiami Kampung Sururey, Kecamatan Manokwari,untuk menyembuhkan penyakit malaria dan untuk meningkatkan vitalitas tubuh. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untukmengetahui rendemen minyak atsiri daun akway dengan menggunakan metode distilasi air serta untuk mengetahuikomposisi kimianya menggunakan kromatografi gas dan spektoskopi massa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwarendemen minyak atsiri yang diperoleh dengan distilasi air daun akway adalah 0,2%. Minyak atsiri daun akwaytersusun dari 49 senyawa yang termasuk dalam kelompoksenyawa terpen dan turunannya 83,67%, turunan benzena4,08% dan senyawa alifatik 8,16%.

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AbstractAkway (Drimys piperita Hook f.) is a woody, evergreen andaromatic plan that was a member of winteraceae. This plant is used by Sougb tribe lived in Sururey village, District ofManokwari, to heal malaria and to enhance the vitality of body. The objectives of this research were to know the yieldof essential oil using water distillation of leaves and its chemical composition using gas chromatography and massspectroscopy (GC-MS). The results indicated that the yield ofleaves essential oil by using water distillation was 0.2%.The essential oil composed by 49 compounds categorized by terpene and its derivatives 83.67%, derivatives of benzene4.08% and alifatic compounds 8.16%. "

"Suatu metode sintesis yang unik telah digunakan dalam membuat senyawa turunan 2-(4-metoksifenil)-4-fenil-1,10-fenantrolin (5) dari 4-metoksibenzaldehida (1), asetofenon (2), dan 8-aminokuinolin (4)dengan reaksi kondensasi aldol dan reaksi siklisasi. Turunan-turunan senyawa tersebut diuji aktivitasnya melalui uji aktivitas antiplasmodial. Sintesis turunan senyawa 5 dilakukan dalam tiga tahap. Senyawa 3-(4-metoksifenil)-1-fenilpropenon3 disintesis melalui reaksi kondensasi aldol dari senyawa1 dan 2 dengan hasil 96,42%. Senyawa 5 disintesis melalui siklisasi senyawa 4 dan 3 dengan hasil 84,55%. Turunan senyawa 5 disintesis dari senyawa 5 menggunakan DMS dan DES yang direfluksberturut-turut selama 21 dan 22 jam untuk menghasilkan (1)-N-metil-9-(4-metoksifenil)-7-fenil-1,10-fenantrolinium sulfat (6) dan (1)-N-etil-9-(4-metoksifenil)-7-fenil-1,10-fenantrolinium sulfat (7) dengan rendemen hasil berturut-turut 91,42 dan 86,36%. Hasil uji in vitro aktivitas antiplasmodium dari turunan senyawa 5 (senyawa 6 dan 7) terhadap P.falciparum resistan klorokuin strain FCR3 menunjukkan bahwa senyawa 7 mempunyai aktivitas antimalaria lebih tinggi dari senyawa 5 and 6. Sedangkan, hasil uji in vitro aktivitas antiplasmodium terhadap P. falciparum sensitif klorokuinstrain D10 menunjukkan bahwa senyawa6 mempunyai aktivitas antimalaria lebih tinggi dari senyawa 5 and 7.

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AbstractA unique of synthetic methods was employed to prepare 2-(4 methoxyphenyl)-4-phenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (5) derivatives from 4-methoxy-benzaldehyde (1), acetophenone (2), and 8-aminoquinoline (4)with aldol condensation and cyclization reactions. The derivatives were tested through antiplasmodial test. The synthesis of derivatives compound 5 was conducted in three steps. The 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1 penylpropenone 3 was synthesized through aldol condensation of 1 and 2 which has a yield of 96.42%. The compound 5 was synthesized through cyclization of compound 4 and 3 with 84.55% yield. The derivative of compound 5 was synthesized from compound 5 using DMS and DES reagents which refluxed for 21 and 22 h, to produce (1)-N-methyl-9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-phenyl-1,10-phenanthrolinium sulfate (6) and (1)-N-ethyl-9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-phenyl-1,10-phenanthrolinium sulfate (7) with 91.42 and 86.36% yields, respectively.Results of in vitrotesting of antiplasmodial activity of compound 5 derivatives(i.e., compound 6 and 7 ) against chloroquine-resistantP. falciparumFCR3 strain showed that compound 7had higherantimalarial activity than compounds 5 and 6 .Whereas, results of in vitrotesting against chloroquine-sensitive P.falciparumD10 strain showed that compound 6has higher antimalarial activity than compounds 5 and 7. "