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"Seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi informasi saat ini, pencapaian kompetensi mata kuliah praktikum dapat diperoleh melalui kombinasi antara Dry Lab dengan Wet Lab. Di sisi lain, lokasi mahasiswa PS Biologi sangat tersebar dan biaya praktikum cukup tinggi. Hal ini dapat diatasi antara lain bila pelaksanaan praktikum dapat dilakukan secara mandiri sehingga mahasiswa tidak harus hadir di tempat praktikum. Namun demikian, tidak semua kompetensi praktikum dapat dilakukan secara mandiri, sehingga perlu kombinasi pelaksanaan praktikum. Tulisan ini menyajikan tentang penerapan praktikum Dry Lab dikombinasikan dengan Wet Lab untuk pencapaian kompetensi mata kuliah praktikum taksonomi tumbuhan tinggi. Kompetensi yang ditargetkan dalam mata kuliah praktikum taksonomi tumbuhan tinggi adalah mampu membandingkan karakteristik antara kelompok tumbuhan berpembuluh dengan beberapa contoh suku dan jenis anggotanya. Hasil kajian terhadap materi mata kuliah praktikum tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi yang diinginkan dapat dicapai dengan memanfaatkan kombinasi Dry Lab dan Wet Lab. Dry Lab digunakan untuk memperkuat pengetahuan awal terhadap tumbuhan yang akan diamati dan untuk memperagakan langkah-langkah pelaksanaan praktikum di lapangan secara mandiri. Selain itu, Dry Lab memudahkan untuk pengklasifikasian tumbuha. Sedangkan Wet Lab dimanfaatkan untuk kegiatan praktikum pengamatan organ tumbuhan yang membutuhkan peralatan khusus, perabaan, dan penciuman. Pelaksanaan praktikum kombinasi antara Dry Lab dan Wet Lab dapat mengurangi kunjungan mahasiswa ke tempat praktikum, sehingga biaya praktikum juga dapat dikurangi."

"Jahren has built three laboratories in which she's studied trees, flowers, seeds, and soil. She tells about her childhood in rural Minnesota with an uncompromising mother and a father who encouraged hours of play in his classroom's labs; about how she found a sanctuary in science, and the disappointments, triumphs and exhilarating discoveries of scientific work. Yet at the core of this book is the story of a relationship Jahren forged with Bill, who becomes her lab partner and best friend. Their sometimes rogue adventures in science take them over the Atlantic to the ever-light skies of the North Pole and to tropical Hawaii, where she and her lab currently make their home."

"Learning Subject such as Natural sciences (IPA) is not only learns about science concepts but also experiencing the real nature. This study aims to obtain information about students' perceptions on the content of science laboratory practices, the preparation of students in tutorials, as well as expectations for practical implementation of IPA. Questionnaires were administered by mail and direct delivery. A total of 399 students from Medan, Jakarta, Samarinda, Surabaya, Bangka Belitung, Mataram, Palu, which registered to the course at Universitas Terbuka (UT) in the first semester of 2009 had answered. Observation was carried out at 4 locations in Sukabumi, Depok, Tangerang, and Cibarusa. The Results indicated that independent laboratory practices were done more compared to the formal tutorial practices. Perceptions of students towards science laboratory activities of the of 4 scale (poor (1), fair (2), average (3), and good (4)), were respectively X = 3.34 for student involvement in laboratory practices, X = 3.01 for the content material, X = 3.27 for the presence of tutors, and X = 2.61 for the availability of facilities and infrastructure. While the gap between the conditions and expectation of students in consecutive tutorial activities was 0.71 for the availability of facilities and infrastructure, 0,41 for to the availability of laboratory practice materials, 0.31 for the competence of tutors, and 0.33 for student involvement in laboratory practice activities."

"Fokus dari penelitian ini adalah analisis efek dari fenomeno Water Hammer yang terjadi pada pipa air. Tujuan dari penilitian ini adalah untuk memahami dan menentukan nilai-nilai tekanan transien yang dapat dihasilkan dari operasi kontrol aliran dan untuk menetapkan kriteria desain untuk peralatan dan perangkat system sehingga dapat memberikan tingkat perlindungan yang dapat diterima terhadap kegagalan system karena keruntuhan pipa. Mengetahui hal ini akan memungkinkan orang untuk mengidentifikasi perubahan yang harus dilakukan untuk meningkatkan penanganan pengguna dengan pipa air. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan dalam hal ini adalah dengan memasang Surge Tank. Surge tank, seperti yang didefinisikan oleh Raymond D. Johnson, “adalah istilah yang diterapkan untuk pipa tegak ditempatkan di ujung hilir saluran air tertutup untuk mencegah kenaikan tekanan yang tidak semestinya”. Surge tank bertujuan untuk mengurangi efek Water Hammer untuk melindungi pipa. Agar Surge tank efektif, ketinggian lonjakan maksimum harus ditemukan terlebih dahulu, maka Surge tank dapat diukur dengan benar untuk system. Penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, deskriptif, dan interpretative. Data dikumpulkan melalui percobaan laboratorium.

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The focus of this study is the analysis of the effects of the Water Hammer Phenomenon occurring in water pipes. The purpose of this study is to understand and determine the values of the transient pressures that can result from flow control operations and to establish the design criteria for system equipment and devices so as to provide an acceptable level of protection against system failure due to pipe collapse or bursting. Knowing this will allow people to identify changes should be made to improve user handling with water pipes. One way of improving in this case is by installing a Surge Tank. The surge tank, as defined by Raymond D. Johnson, “is a term applied to a standpipe placed at the downstream end of a closed aqueduct to prevent undue rise of pressure”. A surge tank aims to reduce the effect of Water Hammer to protect a pipeline. For a surge tank to be effective, the maximum height of surge must be found, then the surge tank can be properly sized for the system. This research is qualitative, descriptive and interpretive. The data were collected by means of deep lab experiments."

"As a distance education institution, Universitas Terbuka (UT) employs an independent learning system where the learning materials are delivered to the students through media, mostly in text materials. As a consequence of the learning system employed by UT, the students do not have any chance in practical activities. In some of the study programs in UT, the practical materials are delivered to the student through text materials. In conventional university, the practical course materials usually are delivered in the face-to-face mode through practical activities. From the practical material the students are expected to have practical skills. However, because of the independent learningsystem employed by UT, it is difficult for UT to conduct face to face practical activities. This article discusses a way to handle the mentioned problem by developing audio-visual learning media in the from of interactive video program, especially, a case of Public Speaking Suject in the Communication Studies Program, the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences in UT. The article discusses about a subject contains materials about public speaking techniques. These practical materials, such as body language, speaking style, and the use of presentation tools, would be expected to be a solution in reaching the competence of practical courses when delivered to the students through audio-visual examples."