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"The writer analyze the description of the politeness in Karonese Nganting Manuk ceremony by the data and analysis, finally the writer comes to the conclusion that the politeness is one of the important factors in one's socialization and it is used to maintain the social value of the community, including in virtual-community. There are 6 situations of politeness that is used in the conversations of Karonese Nganting Manuk ceremony on 6th May 2009. They are: greeting, thanking, offering, invitation, apologizing, and leaving-taking. There are 3 types of politeness used in the conversation of Karonese Nganting Manuk ceremony. They are: positive politeness strategy amounts to 23 conversations or 58,9%, negative politeness strategy amounts to 13 conservations (33,4%) and off-record strategy amounts to 3 conservations (7,7%). "

"This research studies about the types of presupposition in TIME magazine and the writer want to find out what is the most dominant types of presupposition that used in TIMe magazine. The data are taken from TIME magazine from from the advertisement that is published in TIME magazine. From 06, 13, 20 April and May 2009. descriptive quantitative analysis is intended to describe and findings the moist dominant types of presupposition used in it. In this research the writer collected the data by reading the advertisement in TIME magazine and underlining the advertisement. The data are analyzed by identifying the presupposition based on the types. After analyzing the data, the writer finds that the most dominant types of presupposition used in TIME magazine. Existential presupposition is the presupposition that the assumption assumed to be committed to the existence of the entities names bya the speaker and assumed to be present in the noun phrase. "

"Daerah Aliran Ci Manuk adalah salah satu daerah aliran di Jawa. Delta Ci Manuk cenderung mengalami perubahan dari tahun 1963 hingga 2002. Perubahan dalam delta Ci Manuk didominasi oleh pertambahan dalam periode studi 1963-2002. Alasan DAS Ci Manuk dipilih sebagai lokasi penelitian adalah karena aliran Ci Manuk memiliki tingkat sedimentasi yang tinggi dibandingkan dengan Daerah Aliran Sungai lainnya, selain itu di Kabupaten Sumedang dibangun bendungan untuk menahan laju endapan dan meminimalkan bencana banjir. Jadi itu Hal ini menimbulkan masalah yang dapat dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor pembentuk delta dan perubahan area delta yang terjadi secara temporal dari tahun 2002 hingga 2018. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis spasial dan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Analisis spasial digunakan untuk menggambarkan daerah dan deskriptif kuantitatif untuk menjelaskan hasil perhitungan perubahan luas. Hasil penelitian ini adalah dinamika perubahan delta yang terjadi di wilayah delta barat didominasi oleh proses akresi dalam rentang waktu studi, sedangkan di wilayah delta timur ada proses abrasi dan pertambahan dalam rentang waktu studi. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi dinamika perubahan di daerah delta adalah faktor internal di delta barat dan faktor secara eksternal di delta timur

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Ci Manuk Flow Area is one of the flow areas in Java. The Ci Manuk Delta tended to experience changes from 1963 to 2002. Changes in the Ci Manuk delta were dominated by accretion in the 1963-2002 study period. The reason the Ci Manuk watershed was chosen as the research location was because the Ci Manuk flow had a high sedimentation rate compared to with other Stream Areas, besides that in the Sumedang District a dam was built to hold the sediment rate and minimize flood disasters. So that thing This raises a problem that can be done research to find out the factors forming the delta and delta area changes that occur temporally from 2002 to 2018. The method used in this study was spatial analysis and quantitative descriptive analysis. Spatial analysis is used for describing regions and quantitative descriptive to explain the results of the calculation of broad changes. The results of this study are the dynamics of delta change which occurred in the western delta region is dominated by the accretion process in the study time span, while in the eastern delta region there is an abrasion process and accretion in the study time span. The factors that influence the dynamics of changes in the delta area are internal factors in the western delta and factors externally in the eastern delta."

"This experimental phonetic research deals with the prosodies of directive speech in Javanese. The research procedures were: (1) speech production, (2) acoustic analysis, and (3) perception test. The data investigated are three directive utterances, in the form of statements, commands, and questions. The data were obtained by recording dialogues that present polite as well as impolite speech. Three acoustic experiments were conducted for statements, commands, and questions in directive speech: (1) modifications of duration, (2) modifications of contour, and (3) modifications of fundamental frequency. The result of the subsequent perception tests to 90 stimuli with 24 subjects were analysed statistically with ANOVA (Analysis of Variant). Based on this statistic analysis, the prosodic characteristics of polite and impolite speech were identified."

"Penelitian ini, secara umum, ditujukan untuk mengetahui persepsi masyarakat Cina moderen terhadap konsep tradisional Confucianism tentang wajah (lian atau mianzi). Secara khusus, penelitian ini mengungkap bagaimana persepsi tersebut tercermin dalam pola komunikasi antarpersonal mereka. 100 orang Shanghai terlibat dalam penelitian ini, 50 orang diambil dari daerah perkotaan dan 50 orang dari pedesaan. Mereka merepresentasikan berbagai latar belakang sosial yang berbeda, meliputi usia, jenis kelamin, tempat tinggal, dan pekerjaan. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur, kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan kerangka ajaran Confucianism tentang sifat-sifat yang mendasari konsep wajah. Sifat-sifat itu meliputi relasional, komunal/sosial, hirarkis, dan moral.Analisis data menunjukan bahwa dalam keseluruhan interaksi berbahasanya, para responden sangat memperhatikan nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam konsep wajah seperti terkandung dalam Confucianism. Diketahui bahwa dari keempat sifat wajah itu, integritas moral de menjadi acuan paling penting untuk menilai apakah seseorang itu masih memiliki wajah atau justru sebaliknya. Hilangnya moralitas berarti hilangnya sifat-sifat manusiawi pada seseorang.

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This study aims to investigate the Chinese perceptions about the traditional Confucius concepts mianzi/lian ?face? in the context of the world that is changing. In particular, the study focuses on how such perceptions are reflected in their interpersonal communication. Data was collected through direct semi-structured interviews with the respondents, guided by a set of questions regarding the situations they might hypothetically find themselves. Shanghai was chosen as the site for this study because, among other places in China, it has undergone considerable changes. 100 Shanghainese were involved in the study; 50 were city dwellers and 50 villagers, representing their various social backgrounds. The data were analysed by using the Chinese cultural notions underlying the concepts of face: relational, communal, hierarchical, and moral. Analyses show that the respondents often avoid conflicts with their interlocutors, even if they were put in very unfortunate circumstances. These face-favouring acts are indicative of their closed observance of the norms and hence the concepts of face, by which they could gain, maintain, and enhance their own face. In return, they would be regarded as members of the society with polite behaviours and with other good moral characters.The study concludes that although China is changing, the conceptions and practices of the traditional concepts mianzi/lian "face" among Chinese have remained constant. This is because into these concepts are attached the most basic concepts of humanity; the absence of the concepts of face in the mind of human beings can mean the loss of humanity as a whole."