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"The theoretical framework and objectives of a study of environmental change and evolving household livelihood strategies, which will include field work in Central Java, are outlined. Preliminary results of previous, related field work in Luzon, the Philippines, and highland Ecuador are reported. Two changes that seem of importance in both areas so far studied are the increasing importance of commercial farming in central locations and the decreasing intensity of use of land on the periphery of rural communities. Preliminary observations in Central Java suggest that household livelihood strategies are more diversified than in either case study area in the Philippines and Ecuador. The relative importance of farming and the use of natural resources does not seem to have diminished."

"The handbook Global Environmental Change is intended to serve as a reliable and comprehensive resource to attend the needs of researchers, teachers, students, and professionals working in science and policy aspects relevant to environment and sustainability. Entries in the handbook are arranged by major section, and are extensively cross-referenced to allow users to find related titles in a user-friendly way. The handbook is available as a printed volume and as an on-line reference work. "

"Partial contents :Securitization of global environmental change -- Economic, social, environmental security and human threats, challenges, vulnerabilities and risks in the Near East, North and Sub-Saharan Africa and in Asia -- Threats, challenges, vulnerabilities and risks for urban centres in hazards and disasters -- Coping with global environmental changes : climate change, soil and desertification, water management, food and health -- Climate change -- Soil and desertification -- Water management -- Coping with food security issues -- Coping with health security issues -- Coping with hazards and strategies for coping with social vulnerability and resilience building -- Coping with global environmental change : scientific, international , regional and national political strategies, policies and measures -- Scientific research goals and strategies for coping with global environmental change -- Global strategies, policies and measures for coping with climate change -- Regional strategies, policies and measures for coping with climate change -- National strategies, policies and measures for coping with climate change -- A technical tool : remote sensing, vulnerability mapping and indicators of environmental security challenges and risks -- Towards an improved early warning of conflicts and hazards."

"Perubahan lingkungan yang semakin nyata saat ini memiliki dampak yang cukup serius terhadap pertanian di Indonesia, tak terkecuali pertanian jahe di Kecamatan Mande, Kabupaten Cianjur. Hal ini merangsang para petani untuk melakukan adaptasi dalam teknik budidayanya sebagai bentuk penyesuaian dan penyelesaian terhadap permasalahan yang terjadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak dinamika lingkungan terhadap pertanian jahe di Kecamatan Mande dan menganalisis upaya adaptasi dalam menghadapi dinamika lingkungan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Social-Ecological System (SES) yang memiliki sudut pandang bahwa perilaku adaptif yang dilakukan dapat dipengaruhi oleh ikatan sosial dan sosial-ekologis yang mengikat hubungan antar-manusia dan lingkungan. Analisis yang dilakukan adalah analisis perbandingan dan deskriptif spasial yang didapatkan dari hasil pengolahan data jenis tanah, topografi, curah hujan, suhu, dan kodifikasi dari hasil wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa perubahan curah hujan menyebabkan tanaman jahe menguning dan rimpang jahe menjadi busuk, sedangkan perubahan suhu yang terjadi menyebabkan pertumbuhan jahe terhambat dan kualitas jahe menurun. Jenis tanah gleisol yang tersebar di wilayah timur Kecamatan Mande merupakan tanah yang paling tidak sesuai untuk ditanami jahe karena sifatnya yang selalu jenuh air sehingga jahe mudah busuk. Sedangkan faktor topografi yaitu wilayah dengan ketinggian kurang dari 200 Mdpl dan lereng yang sangat curam atau lebih dari 30% juga dapat menghambat pertumbuhan jahe karena ketinggian yang sangat rendah memiliki suhu yang terlalu tinggi, sedangkan lereng yang sangat curam tidak dapat menahan air yang cukup untuk tanaman jahe. Selain itu, Terjadinya dinamika lingkungan fisik yang termanifestasikan pada perubahan curah hujan dan suhu menyebabkan terjadinya dinamika pada lingkungan sosial melalui kegiatan adaptasi yang dilakukan oleh petani. Dari enam jenis adaptasi, terdapat dua jenis adaptasi yang paling banyak dilakukan oleh para petani jahe di Kecamatan Mande, yaitu adaptasi berbasis pasar dan adaptasi reaktif, sedangkan jenis adaptasi yang paling sedikit dilakukan yaitu adaptasi institusional.

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Environmental changes that are increasingly evident today have a serious impact on agriculture in Indonesia, including ginger farming in Mande District, Cianjur Regency. This stimulates farmers to make adaptations in their cultivation techniques as a form of adjustment and resolution to the problems that occur. This study aims to analyze the impact of environmental dynamics on ginger farming in Mande District and analyze adaptation efforts in the face of environmental dynamics using qualitative methods. This research uses the Social-Ecological System (SES) approach, which has a point of view that adaptive behavior can be influenced by social and social-ecological ties that bind human and environmental relationships. The analysis conducted was a comparative and descriptive spatial analysis obtained from the results of processing data on soil type, topography, rainfall, temperature, and codification of the results of in-depth interviews. The results of this study reveal that changes in rainfall cause ginger plants to turn yellow and ginger rhizomes to rot, while changes in temperature cause ginger growth to be inhibited and ginger quality to decline. The gleisol soil type in the eastern part of Mande sub-district is the least suitable for ginger cultivation because it is always water-saturated, making ginger easily rotten. Topographical factors such as areas with altitudes of less than 200 meters above sea level and very steep slopes of more than 30% can also inhibit the growth of ginger because very low altitudes have too high temperatures, while very steep slopes cannot retain enough water for ginger plants. In addition, the dynamics of the physical environment manifested in changes in rainfall and temperature cause dynamics in the social environment through adaptation activities carried out by farmers. Of the six types of adaptation, there are two types of adaptation that are most widely practiced by ginger farmers in Mande District, namely market-based adaptation and reactive adaptation, while the least type of adaptation is institutional adaptation."