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"This article trying to analyze focusing on critical economic approach. According to Golding and Murdoch, political economic is one from three approach in critical Marxist perspective. Two other approaches i.e. Structuralist approach and pluralist. Study with political economic approach focused on relation between economic and dynamic in media industries and content of ideology media."

"The interaction power and economic phenomena may provide an appealing focus for political economy. This article is expected to be a critical overview of the current Indonesia political economy condition. When the role of state is limited only as watchdog and the ruler of the game is the private sectors this can be called as a free capitalism. According to the theories of political economy by Caporasao and Livine, our country status to the political economy roles is a weak state. Multinational Cooperation has played an important role in Indonesia economy. Free market seems to get the heavent place in our country with the biggest five highly populated. In the free market economy, individuals enter to relations (exchange) voluntary but the free market eliminated authority allocation, coeverceice forms of labor and so on. By replacing authority wih voluntary contract, the market economy shows to eliminate the state power. Therefore, this article suggests that we need to firm our state - centered approaches to political economy. The state policy to the private sector is too loose and let them treat it as an instrument or instution employed by individuals or groups as a way of achieving private ends. tThis form of determination leaves the state in a derivative position. deprived of its own logic, lacking of motivation and source of energy lying outside economy, the state is reduced to a dependent variable. First, a clear distinction is made between state and economy. second economy is accorded a primary place, with the scenes and interests of individuals at the center. And the third, the state is treated as a vehicle to satisfy wants when they cannot be satisfied privately. This article approaches to political economy centering of an active state whose agenda is not to reducible to wants emerging within the private atmosphere. The article begins with a discussion on the state autonomy, society centered approaches, a transformational view of the state and conclusion."

"Tesis ini membahas konstruksi pcmberitaan berita politik yang mengarah pada praktik pragmatisme politik dalam konteks pemberitaan selebriti politisi. Hal ini berawal dari pergeseran pers dalam menempatkan kepuasan khalayak yang sekadar memenuhi dorongan pragmatis politik, sosial dan psikhis. Gejala ini mengaburkan peran media sebagai institusi yang mendorong pendidikan politilc. Pers lebih memihak pada Iogika ekonomi media yang berorientasi komersial. Jumalisme politik yung puritan mengalami metamorfosis menjadi komodiiikui politik melalui ikon selebriti politisi. Penelitian ini merupakan peneiitian kualitatif yang mcncrapkan analisis framing untuk mengetahui frame beritanya dun Critical Discourse Analysis versi Fairclough sebagai instrumen analisanya pada level mesa dan makro.

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This thesis discusses the construct of political news that is related to political pragmatism practices in the context of politician-celebrity journalism. it stars with the press' should in placing public satisfaction that only fulfills the drive of political, social, and physiological pragmatism. This phenomenon fades the media role that is commercial-oriented. The puritan political journalism experiences metamorphosis becoming political accommodation through politician celebrity icon. This analysis is qualitative which applies framing analysis to define news frame and Critical Discourse Analysis of Fairclough version as its analysis instrument in meso and macro level. The recommendation of this research is awaking the importance of media literacy to the readers upon newspaper journalism in political landscape which originally is a social construct of a system that prevails in media?s capitalism structure."

"Tesis ini membahas tentang studi ekonomi politik komunikasi pada struktur industri Over The Top Video Streaming yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan Walt Disney. Disney sebagai korporasi media lama harus melakukan proses reorganisasi dan restrukturisasi yang dalam studi ekonomi politik disebut sebagai proses spasialisasi. Proses spasialisasi merupakan respon atas perkembangan internet yang memunculkan struktur industri baru dalam industri media dan distribusi aliran komunikasi. Lebih jauh, riset ini akan melihat bagaimana perilaku spasialisasi Disney mempengaruhi penetrasi modal khususnya Indonesia sebagai pasar utama berkaitan dengan konsumsi konten media. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksplanatif berbasis studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Disney secara sistematis menerapkan strategi reorganisasi dalam bentuk pembelian aset produksi dan perusahaan teknologi sebagai basis produksi untuk struktur industri OTT. Disney membentuk Disney+ sebagai produk utama SVOD pasca proses reorganisasi selesai. Disney juga meletakkan proxy di wilayah Asia melalui Star India sebagai basis dari operasional dan penetrasi produk Disney+ di wilayah Asia. Secara aktif Disney melakukan penetrasi modal ke Indonesia melalui kerjasama dengan agensi negara, memanfaatkan kekosongan regulasi serta melakukan investasi dalam hal produksi konten.

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This research focuses on the political economy of communication study in the Over The Top industry by Walt Disney Corporation Company. As an old media institution, Disney should reorganize and restructure its corporate structures, which in the political economy of communication study is called spatialization. Spatialization responded to the internet growth and created a new industrial structure in the media industry and information communication flow. Furthermore, this research will look at how the spatialization process by Disney influences capital penetration, especially in Indonesia as a leading market in content media consumption. This is qualitative research with an explanatory model based on a document study. This research showed that Disney did a systematic reorganization strategy by acquiring production assets and technology companies as a production base for the Over The Top industry. After reorganizing, Disney produced an OTT program called Disney+ as an SVOD main product. Disney put a proxy company in Asia from Star India corporation as an operational and capital penetration base in the Asian region. Disney did an active process about capital penetration to Indonesia with cooperation with the state agency and direct investment in local production and found advantage from the loophole on OTT regulation."

"Skripsi ini mengangkat penggunaan media sosial dalam praktek political public relations oleh pejabat publik setelah terpilih. Penelitian ini melihat bagaimana pendekatan personal dapat membentuk proses komunikasi dua arah di ranah media sosial antara pejabat publik dengan konstituennya. Selain penjabaran deskriptif dari kegiatan komunikasi, penelitian ini juga menjelaskan bagaimana interaksi sederhana namun intensif bisa mendukung kinerja pejabat publik dan membentuk persepsi positif terhadap pejabat publik. Penelitian ini juga mencari gambaran akan dampak komunikasi yang dilakukan pada komunikan (followers) akun yang digunakan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif melalui teknik wawancara mendalam dengan komunikator, tim kampanye, pengamat, dan komunikan untuk mendapatkan perspektif menyeluruh. Pada akhirnya, penelitian ini berhasil mengungkap bagaimana sebuah proses komunikasi di media sosial dapat dijadikan sebuah alat serta landasan bagi praktek governing, branding, sekaligus permanent campaign yang efektif dalam konteks pemerintahan lokal.

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This thesis discussed on how social media is used in a political public relations practice of an elected public official. The research sought to understand how personal approach is conveyed through a two-way communication among the official and his constituents in the digital world. Besides explaining the process descriptively, this research also aimed to explain how such a simple yet intensive interraction can support the work of a public official and shape the positive sentiments toward him at the same time. This research also sought for a snippet of how the public (the subject?s Twitter followers) perceive the communication and the communicator. The research used a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews conducted to the communicator, political expert, the communicator?s campaign manager, and the communicator?s Twitter followers to get different perspectives on the phenomenon. In the end, the research has managed to reveal a communication process and how it successfully became a tool and also a plattform of an effective practice of governing, branding, and permanent campaign in a local context."

"Pembangunan nasional telah menunjukkan suatu prestasi sebagai basil dari proses evolusi yang berawal dari pembangunan nasional jangka panjang pertama sampai dengan pembangunan nasional jangka panjang kedua. Prestasi tersebut mencakup dimensi ekonomi, politik, maupun sosio-kultural dengan akar historisnya keadaan negara menjelang dan pada awal pemerintahan Orde Baru. Prestasi pembangunan nasional pada dimensi ekonomi terefleksikan dalam gejala transformasi struktural masyarakat agraris ke masyarakat industri. Pada dimensi politik, prestasi ini terwujud dalam pelembagaan struktur politik berdasar atas Pancasila dan UUD 1945, penyederhanaan sistem kepartaian melalui fusi, pelaksanaan kedaulatan rakyat dan pemilihan umum, diterimanya Pancasila sebagai satu-satunya asas kehidupan bermasyarakat dan bernegara, serta diletakkannya premise wawasan Pancasila sebagai ideologi terbuka yang memberi ruang gerak bagi pemefintah untuk memberi interpretasi pada Demokrasi Pancasila dalam konteks pemecahan masalah situasional. Upaya ini sedikit banyak telah menghasilkan tidak saja terefleksikan melalui pengembangan delivery mechanism yang menjangkau rakyat banyak, tetapi juga mengejawantah pada pelembagaan norma dan nilai baru, seperti norma keluarga kecil, kesadaran lingkungan dan sanitasi, serta orientasi pasar di kalangan petani, dan sebagainya. "