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"Open and Distance Learning (ODL) nowadays becomes a trend in higher education. Course delivery and course material distribution have already been in electronic form by using information and communication technology (ICT). This technology becomes cheaper and much easier to be used. Indonesia as a nation where its people spread in thousands of islands does not always have face-to-face university in each city. Meanwhile, the need of skilled worker is always increased. ODL then becomes an alternative to educate people by using different way of teaching and learning process. People who have difficulties in accessing face-to-face university can use ODL as an alternative to upgrade their education. The role of ICT in ODL become important since the students can learn by using ICT. The students cal also “meet” their colleagues virtually. Meanwhile, it was explored that ICT can be utilized for online examination. Online examination is more efficient, much faster in processing the examination result, and much cheaper in budget. This article discusses many aspects of strength and weakness which is faced by educational institutions in administering online examinations."

"This study aims to identify problems facing by participants in experiencing teaching practice under The Strengthening Teaching Competency Programme. An evaluation method was employed through problem and issues maping, interpreting problem dynamics, and improving actions. A qualitative-naturalistic approach with interview was conducted during April-july 2009 to participants of Lower Secondary School Teacher Training who live in remote and rural areas in Bandung, Bogor, and Serang region. Interview was also conducted to tutors, supervisors, programme manager, remote-school principals, peer teachers and students involved in the teaching practicum/exercise. Observations and documentary study were employed to support the data of the interview. Problems identified as the low performance of supervisory officials and partnership schools in guiding student teachers in developing didastic materials for both practicum and final exam. Most participants become stressed due to the absence of a definite timetable guidance process both in the process of lesson plan development, implementation of practicum and execution of final exams. It was suggested to redesign the current system with a more reliable system for participants coming from remote areas who wish to carry out teaching practice."

"Pada dunia Pendidikan, pencapaian akademik setiap peserta didik dipengaruhi oleh berbagai hal, salah satunya adalah keterlibatan agentik atau agentic engagement. Akan tetapi, sejak diterapkannya Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ), terjadi penurunan student engagement dalam belajar yang berdampak pada berbagai hal seperti putus sekolah. Student engagement sendiri juga dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, seperti kelekatan dengan teman sebaya atau peer attachment. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara peer attachment dan agentic engagement selama PJJ. Partisipan penelitian ini terdiri dari 215 mahasiswa baru perguruan tinggi di Jabodetabek dengan rentang usia 18-21 tahun (M =19,1, SD = 0.81). Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Agentic Engagement Scale (AES) untuk mengukur variabel agentic engagement dan Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA) untuk mengukur variabel peer attachment. Analisis yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis korelasi pearson. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa peer attachment memiliki hubungan yang positif dan signifikan terhadap agentic engagement (r = 0.23, p < 0.01, r2 = 0.05). Artinya, semakin tinggi peer attachment.

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In education's world, the academic achievement of each student is influenced by various things, one of them is agentic engagement. However, since the implementation of Distance Learning (PJJ), there has been a decrease in student engagement in learning which has an impact on various things such as dropping out of school. Student engagement itself is also influenced by various factors, such as peer attachment. Therefore, this study aims to determine the relationship between peer attachment and agentic engagement during PJJ. The participants of this study consisted of 215 freshmans of higher education in Jabodetabek with an age range of 18-21 years (M = 19.1, SD = 0.81). The measuring instrument used is the Agentic Engagement Scale (AES) to measure the agentic engagement variable and the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA) to measure the peer attachment variable. The analysis conducted in this research is Pearson correlation analysis. The results obtained indicate that peer attachment has a positive and significant relationship to agentic engagement (r = 0.23, p < 0.01, r2 = 0.05). That is, the higher the peer attachment to students, the higher the level of agentic engagement in learning. Vice versa."

"This research is conducted with the intentions to determine any differences in academic achievement between students with two kinds of educational background, i.e. those coming from the natural sciences department (IPA) and from the social sciences (IPS). The results of this study revealed that there are significant differences in the achievement of the two groups of students. From the semester I to the semester IV students with natural sciences (IPA) as educational background is superior compared to students coming from the social sciences department. This is due to the identical elements existing in the educational background and that in FK. But since the 5th semester there are no significant differences obtained in academic achievement between the two groups of students. This indicates that accomodation and adaptation happened in the last semesters. "

"This article is the result of research on face-to-face tutorial services for students participating in distance education programs. The research was conducted during the months April to June 2009 in tutorial centers in the distric of Tangerang located at SMPN XIII and SD Sukasari 1. subjects were participants of primary school teacher training program (PGSD), tutors, managers and organizers of the program. Observations focused on the administrative services, academic services, and facilities for tutorial activities. Results showed that there was no special briefing for participants. As a result many students are not prepared to follow the tutorial. The location viewed from the perspective of affordability was very low, because most students live in the suburbs. Tutorial classroom conditions do not meet minimum service standards of a conducive learning space a result tutors were difficult to develop an instructional system optimally. It is advisable to give a special briefing for the students so that participants had an understanding of the nature of the tutorial, the need to increase the quality of facilities and infrastructure, review the location of activities, and the need for strict academic requirements for tutors. "

"Universitas terbuka (UT) as a higher open and distance education institution has been carrying out students' assessment in the form of paper and pencil and online examinations. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of the Online Examination System (Sistem Ujian Online=SUO), in terms of the reliability (robustness) of SUO applications, the readiness of Human Resources in implementing an online exam, the infrastructure that supporting SUO, and the student responses. The results showed that SUO application and support application had been well developed by UT, proven that SUO have been in operation in 30 out of 37 UT regional centers in 2010. Students did not face many problems in registering in the online exam. Infrastructure and human resources were considered satisfctory. Respondents also said that SUO was very flexible in terms of choosing the exam schedule and getting the immadiate feedback. Based on the research results, a SUO model is described in several bussness processes, which include the preparation, execution, processing exam result, as well as supervision and evaluation. In the future UT still needs to improves facilities, infrastructure and quality of human resources that can support the online exam. The implementation of online exam relies heavily on information technology (IT) and it is expected that SUO is adaptable with this rapidly changed technology."

"Jurnal Pendidikan Terbuka dan Jarak Jauh merupakan media informasi dan komunikasi para praktisi, peneliti, dan akademisi yang berkecimpung dan menaruh minat serta perhatian pada pengembangan pendidikan terbuka dan jarak jauh di indonesia."

"Gender issue becomes an interesting concern in education for there has been cultural bias and gender inequalities that unconsiously spread out though teaching and learning activities. Some learning materials, especially in elementary and secondary school, still show gender bias on occupation of women general."