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"Ir. P. M. Noor reservoir, located in Riam Kanan Catchment (RKC), Banjar Regency-South Kalimantan Province, supplies water including for agricultural, energy, fishery, and domestic need. Due to increasing population and social welfare as well as development of all sectors, water demand has increasing. Meanwhile, the water availability remains constant and varies between dry and wet season. Those situations may create a conflict of interest among the water users. To avoid the problem, water allocation model for the reservoir is needed to manage the water availability.Water Allocation Model (WAM) development requires some inputs such as water requirement for all the users and water availability that comes from Riam Kanan river that flows to the reservoir. Generated inflow is also calculated by using Thomas and Fiering and its modification method. Standard Operating Rule (SOR) for the reservoir is developed based on water balance concept between water requirement and water availability. By using WAM, some scenarios for water simulation could be done. Evaluation of release discharge of the reservoir during 2000-2004 that related to its water requirement is also conducted.The results show that the WAM of the reservoir yields an efficient water allocation. The capacities of existing irrigation network can only serve for 11.000 hectare paddy field with reliability 96%. Meanwhile, the reservoir may serve for 35.000 hectare. Maximum electricity power generation is about 137.32 GWH/year. The evaluation of release discharge release with the reliability < 95%. However, by using water requirement for all the potential irrigation, the simmulation shows that the release with the reliability , 95% occur times."

"Indonesia adalah negara tropis yang memiliki dua musim, yaitu musim hujan dan musim kemarau. Selama musim hujan, beberapa daerah terkena banjir seperti Jakarta, Tangerang, Gresik, Jember, dan Semarang. Sementara pada musim kemarau, beberapa daerah mengalami kekeringan. Dua kondisi yang kontras ini terjadi setiap tahun. Kenyataannya, pola curah hujan di Indonesia, khususnya di pulau Jawa sangat cocok untuk pemanenan air hujan. Pemanenan air hujan telah diterapkan di berbagai Negara di dunia dengan tujuan untuk menyediakan sumber air yang diperuntukkan untuk kebutuhan air domestik, pertanian, bahkan peternakan. Pemanenan air hujan adalah metode sederhana dalam pengembangan sumber air yang memberikan keuntungankeuntungan seperti penyedia sumber air untuk kebutuhan rumah tangga dan juga mengurangi bahaya banjir yang diakibatkan intensitas hujan yang tinggi selama musim penghujan. Salah satu cara pemanenan air hujan adalah dengan menggunakan rain barrels.Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah dengan menganalisa curah hujan yang terjadi di Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam UI dan melihat peta penyebaran curah hujan tersebut serta merencanakan suatu panen air hujan sistem rain barrel di wilayah studi yang direncanakan untuk menampung sebagian dari curah hujan tersebut. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teori-teori hidrologi dan menganalisa pemanfaatan rain barrel tersebut. Diharapkan dari hasil analisa tersebut dapat dipertimbangkan pembangunan rain barrel di Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia.

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Indonesia is a tropical country which has two seasons, i.e., wet and dry season. During wet season, some regions get flooded, such as Jakarta, Tangerang, Gresik, Jember, and Semarang. On the other hand, during dry season, some regions get drought. These two contrast situation happen annually. In fact, the rainfall pattern in Indonesia, especially in Java Island is suitable for rainwater harvesting. Rainwater harvesting has been practised in some places in the world to supply the water demand for domestic purposes, agriculture, as well as for livestock. Rainwater harvesting is a simple method in water source development which give some advantages such as supply the water demand for household and reduce the risk of flood caused by high rainfall intensity during wet season. Rain barrel is one rainwater harvesting option.This paper discusses an analyze of rainfall run-off that happens in Faculty of Mathematics and Science University of Indonesia and sees the map of spreading rainfall runoff and also plan a rainwater harvesting rain barrel system in study region, which planned to accommodate some of this rainfall run-off. Data processing conducted by using theory of hydrology and analyze the benefits of using rain barrel in Faculty of Mathematics and Science University of Indonesia. Expected from the analysis result, can be considered to build rain barrel in Faculty of Mathematics and Science University of Indonesia."

"Rencana Pengembangan Lapangan Migas Terbatas di Blok Tonga oleh PT. Energi Mega Persada Tonga menyebabkan penambahan produksi minyak bumi menjadi1.700 barel minyak per hari. Meningkatnya produksi minyak bumi akan diikuti oleh jumlah produced water yang semakin besar pula mencapai 4.000 barel air per hari. Oleh karena itu, muncul pilihan untuk mendaur ulang produced water menjadi air bersih yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk kebutuhan nonpotable operasional lapangan seperti flushing toilet, pengairan taman, pencucian alat dan kendaraan. Berdasarkan uji laboratorium dan analisis data sekunder (untuk parameter BOD) didapatkan kualitas produced water dari unit pengolahan eksisting sebagai berikut : BOD 39,46 mg/L ; COD 48 mg/L ; TSS 15 mg/L; TDS 84,1 mg/L; Ammonia 0,06 mg/L ; Phenol < 0,001 mg/L; Sulfida 0,01 mg/L; Pb < 0,023 mg/L; Zn < 0,006 mg/L; Cu < 0,006 mg/L; serta minyak dan lemak sebesar < 1,13 mg/L. Alternatif teknologi daur ulang yang dianalisis meliputi pengolahan dengan chemical precipitation, pengolahan membran dengan reverse osmosis, dan pengolahan biologis dengan fitoremediasi wetland menggunakan tanaman akar wangi. Target kualitas air daur ulang mengacu pada Peraturan Pemerintah No.82 tahun 2001 peruntukkan air kelas 2. Pemilihan teknologi pengolahan lanjutan produced water dilakukan dengan metode pembobotan yang memperhitungkan parameter removal kontaminan dan biaya, serta mempertimbangkan luasan lahan yang diperlukan dan dampak lingkungan. Dari perhitungan yang dilakukan, unit pengolahan lanjutan yang terpilih adalah fitoremediasi wetland menggunakan tanaman akar wangi. Melalui pengolahan tersebut, didapatkan kualitas efluen berupa BOD 2,34 mg/L ; COD 4,8 mg/L ; TSS 1,5 mg/L; TDS 84,1 mg/L; Ammonia 0,06 mg/L ; Phenol 0,0007 mg/L; Sulfida 0,002 mg/L; Pb 0,0067 mg/L;Zn 0,0006 mg/L; Cu 0,0006 mg/L; serta minyak dan lemak sebesar 0,098 mg/L.Total biaya investasi awal yang diperlukan sebesar Rp 1.320.855.290,00.

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Development Plan of Oil & gas Limited Block in Tonga by PT Energy Mega Persada Tonga will cause the additional of petroleum production up to 1.700 barrels of oil per day. The increased petroleum production will be followed by the number of produced water which are getting bigger too until reached 4.000 barrels of water per day. Therefore, it appears the option to recycle produced water into clean water that can be used for the needs of the operational field as nonpotable needs, as flushing toilets, watering the garden, and also washing equipment and vehicles. Based on laboratory tests and analysis of secondary data (for parameters BOD), the quality of produced water from the existing processing units as follows: BOD 39,46 mg/L; COD 48 mg/L; TSS 15 mg/L; TDS 84,1 mg/L; Ammonia 0.06 mg/L; Phenols < 0,001 mg/L; Sulfide 0,01 mg/L; Pb < 0,023 mg/L;Zn < 0,006 mg/L; Cu < 0,006 mg/L; and oil and grase < 1,13 mg/L. Alternative recycling technology which is analyzed covers chemical precipitation, reverse osmosis, and wetland plant use V. zizanioides. The target of the quality of water recycling are referenced to PP No.82/2001 designated class 2 water. Selection of advanced processing technology produced water is done by weighting method that takes into account parameters of contaminant removal and costs, as well as considering the land area required and the environmental impact. From the calculation, the advanced processing unit selected is phytoremediation wetland by plants Vetiver. Through the treatment, effluent quality is obtained in the form of BOD 2,34 mg/L ; COD 4,8 mg/L ; TSS 1,5 mg/L; TDS 84,1 mg/L; Ammonia 0,06 mg/L ; Phenol 0,0007 mg/L; Sulfida 0,002 mg/L; Pb 0,0067 mg/L;Zn 0,0006 mg/L; Cu 0,0006 mg/L; also oil and grase 0,098 mg/L. The total cost of the initial investment required of Rp 1.320.855.290.00."

"Penelitian ini dilakukan di Daerah Irigasi Rawa Pasang Surut Karang Agung Hilir yang berada di dalam wilayah Kabupaten Banyuasin dan Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ialah untuk menganalisis pengaruh pasang surut terhadap pola tata tanam, kebutuhan air dan ketersediaan air eksisting. Berdasarkan data rencana tata tanam dari Dinas PSDA Provinsi Sumatera Selatan terdapat dua kali masa tanam yang dapat ditanami padi-padi, palawija-palawija dan tanaman keras (kelapa). Pada penelitian ini dilakukan analisis berdasarkan kondisi eksisting dan analisis hidrotopografi dengan menggunakan Arc-Map dan MOD-LSQ. Pada kondisi eksisting ketersediaan airnya hanya dipengaruhi oleh curah hujan sehingga mengalami defisit sedangkan berdasarkan hasil analisis hidrotopografi, Daerah Irigasi Rawa Karang Agung Hilir terbagi menjadi tiga tipe yaitu A, B dan C. Melalui neraca air dapat diketahui bahwa lahan pasang surut tipe A dan B terjadi surplus karena dipengaruhi oleh tinggi muka air dari pasang surut Muara Sungai Lalan. Sementara itu, untuk lahan pasang surut tipe C terjadi defisit karena lahan tidak terluapi air pasang sepanjang tahun dan tanah di D.I.R Karang Agung Hilir mengandung gambut sebesar 50≤100 cm dan tergolong masam hingga sangat masam karena memiliki kisaran pH 3,50-5,45. Kedalaman piritnya termasuk kedalam kategori dangkal hingga sedang.

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This research was conducted in the Karang Agung Hilir Tidal Swamp Irrigation Area which is located in the Banyuasin Regency and Musi Banyuasin Regency. The purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of tides on cropping patterns, water requirements and water availability. Based on the data cropping-pattern plan from the Dinas PSDA Sumatera Selatan, There are two planting periods that can be planted with paddy-paddy, palawih=ja-palawija and coconut. In this study, analysis was carried out based on existing conditions and hydrotopographic analysis using Arc-Map and MOD-LSQ. In the existing condition, the availability of air is only influenced by rainfall so that it experiences a deficit based on the results of hydrotopographic analysis, the Karang Agung Hilir Swamp Irrigation Area is divided into three types, namely A, B and C. Through the water balance it can be seen that the tidal land types A and B are surplus. because it is influenced by the water level from the ebb and flow of the Lalan River Estuary. Meanwhile, for tidal land type C, there is a deficit because the land is not flooded with tidal water throughout the year and the soil in Karang Agung Hilir DIR contains peat of 50-100 cm and is classified as acidic to very acidic because it has a pH range of 3.50-5.45. . The depth of the pyrite belongs to the shallow to medium category."

"Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum Kota Bogor merupakan instansi yang mempunyai kewenangan dalam hal penyediaan air bersih sesuai dengan Surat Keputusan Mendagri nomar 5 tahun 1977 dan Surat Keputusan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum nomor 28/KPTS/1984. Berdasarkan SK tersebut target cakupan pelayanan PDAM Kota Bogor (termasuk kota sedang) adalah 80 % pelayanan. Sebelum terjadi perkembangan wilayah dan pertumbuhan penduduk target tersebut telah terpenuhi, namun dengan perkembangan yang teljadi cakupan pelayanan PDAM saat ini sebesar 53 %.Agar dapat terpenuhi target raihan, PDAM hams melakukan pengembangan jaringan pipa air bersih di wilayah baru. Untuk itu sisa kapasitas produksi yang ada (idle capacity) perlu dievaluasi dengan pertambahan pelanggan yang dapat dilayani.Total kapasitas produksi sebanyak 1102 liter/detik. Jumlah yang didistribusikan sebanyak 954 liter/detik. Sisa produksi = 1102 lt/det - 974 lt/det = 128 lt/det.Dengan kondisi sisa produksi tersebut diatas dan pertumbuhan penduduk pada saat ini serta untuk memenuhi kebuluhan di masa mendatang jaringan sistem yang ada perlu dievaluasi, apakah masih diperlukan penambahan unit-unit pengolahan."

"Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana privatisasi air mempengaruhi kualitas pelayanan dan ketidakadilan dalam akses dan distribusi air. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Pendekatan kuantitatif dilakukan dengan cara membagikan kuesioner. Pendekatan kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam. Privatisasi air diterapkan karena PAM Jaya dianggap tidak memiliki kemampuan teknis dan keuangan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan air di Jakarta. Berdasarkan konsep privatisasi dan kualitas pelayanan publik, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pasca privatisasi air telah terjadi perbedaan pelayanan, ketidakadilan akses dan distribusi air.

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This thesis examines how water privatization affect the quality of services and injustice on access and water distribution. This thesis used the quantitative and qualitative approaches. The quantitative approach is done by distributing questionnaires. The qualitative approach is done by in depth interview. Water privatization is implemented due to PAM Jaya consider does not have technical and financial ability to improve the quality of water services in Jakarta. Based on the concept of privatization and the quality of public services, this thesis find that after privatization there are different services, inequality on access and water distribution."