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"[ABSTRAKUndang-undang baru yang diratifikasi oleh Presiden Rusia Vladimir Putin yang melarang anti propaganda hubungan seksual non-tradisional atau LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Biseksual, dan Transgender) banyak mengundang perhatian dalam negeri maupun dunia internasional, khususnya media. Di Rusia sendiri, UU ini mengundang pro dan kontra media. Dengan menggunakan teori One Dimensional Man Marcuse (1968) yang menyatakan bahwa sebuah produksi kapitalis dan rasionalitas substansinya merupakan hasil dari sistem dan kritik sosial, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemberitaan pro dan kontra media terhadap UU Anti Propaganda LGBT Rusia pada tahun 2013. Berdasarkan delapan sampel artikel yang berasal dari media (web based) di Rusia, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberitaan yang terdapat di media yang dimiliki dan atau memiliki keterikatan dengan Pemerintah Federal Rusia dan mempunyai latar belakang Kristen Ortodoks akan cenderung mendukung UU Anti Propaganda Rusia. Sedangkan media yang bersifat aktivisme dan mempunyai aliansi dengan negara Barat seperti Amerika, cenderung menolak. Dukungan terhadap UU ini pada dasarnya fokus pada perlindungan terhadap kaum minoritas (anak-anak).;

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ABSTRACTThe freshly ratified Anti LGBT Propaganda Law of Russian Federation has drawn both domestic and international attention. In Russia, controversies hit home hardest by media coverage. By employing One Dimensional Man of Marcuse (1968) that argues about production apparatus and the goods and services which it produces ?sell? or impose the social system as a whole this paper aims to analyze media coverage and controversies addressed towards Russian Federation 2013 LGBT Anti Propaganda Law. According to the sampling articles, it is known that government-owned and Orthodoxy backgrounded media (web based) tend to cover supporting news on the law. In the other hand, Western-funded and NGO media weaken the ratification of the law. Supports towards this law mainly evolves on the reason of protecting minority group (children) from such non tradisional sexual relations flow of information and converage.;The freshly ratified Anti LGBT Propaganda Law of Russian Federation has drawn both domestic and international attention. In Russia, controversies hit home hardest by media coverage. By employing One Dimensional Man of Marcuse (1968) that argues about production apparatus and the goods and services which it produces ?sell? or impose the social system as a whole this paper aims to analyze media coverage and controversies addressed towards Russian Federation 2013 LGBT Anti Propaganda Law. According to the sampling articles, it is known that government-owned and Orthodoxy backgrounded media (web based) tend to cover supporting news on the law. In the other hand, Western-funded and NGO media weaken the ratification of the law. Supports towards this law mainly evolves on the reason of protecting minority group (children) from such non tradisional sexual relations flow of information and converage.;The freshly ratified Anti LGBT Propaganda Law of Russian Federation has drawn both domestic and international attention. In Russia, controversies hit home hardest by media coverage. By employing One Dimensional Man of Marcuse (1968) that argues about production apparatus and the goods and services which it produces ?sell? or impose the social system as a whole this paper aims to analyze media coverage and controversies addressed towards Russian Federation 2013 LGBT Anti Propaganda Law. According to the sampling articles, it is known that government-owned and Orthodoxy backgrounded media (web based) tend to cover supporting news on the law. In the other hand, Western-funded and NGO media weaken the ratification of the law. Supports towards this law mainly evolves on the reason of protecting minority group (children) from such non tradisional sexual relations flow of information and converage., The freshly ratified Anti LGBT Propaganda Law of Russian Federation has drawn both domestic and international attention. In Russia, controversies hit home hardest by media coverage. By employing One Dimensional Man of Marcuse (1968) that argues about production apparatus and the goods and services which it produces “sell” or impose the social system as a whole this paper aims to analyze media coverage and controversies addressed towards Russian Federation 2013 LGBT Anti Propaganda Law. According to the sampling articles, it is known that government-owned and Orthodoxy backgrounded media (web based) tend to cover supporting news on the law. In the other hand, Western-funded and NGO media weaken the ratification of the law. Supports towards this law mainly evolves on the reason of protecting minority group (children) from such non tradisional sexual relations flow of information and converage.]"

"Skripsi ini membahas tentang reaksi masyarakat Jepang terhadap Perang Rusia-Jepang tahun 1904-1905 yang terpecah menjadi dua, yaitu pihak yang mendukung dan yang menolak perang. Fokus utama pada penelitian ini adalah menjabarkan bagaimana cara masing-masing pihak baik pihak pro maupun kontra menunjukkan pandanganya terhadap perang serta penyebab tingginya opini pro-perang dalam masyarakat. Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa pihak pro maupun kontra membentuk organisasi sebagai wadah dalam pergerakannya dan sikap pemerintah yang tertutup serta membatasi aliran informasi ditambah faktor eksternal sikap Rusia yang provokatif membuat jumlah masyarakat yang pro-perang meningkat.

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This study discussed about the Japanese rsquo s reaction that divided into two opinion on Russo Japanese War in 1904 1905. On another side, people support the war but on the other hand some people oppose it. The main focus on this study are to explain how the Japanese express their mind about the war and why pro war opinion is so high on the Japanese. This study result reveals that the Japanese expressed their mind about the war through various organizations and movements. Then, the reason behind why pro war opinion got many support are government secrecy policy, strict control to war related information, and Russian provocative action."

"Since the downfall of President Soeharto in May 1998, printed Media has been growing. Many printed media which exploit women's sexuality are still survived. Meanwhile, some parts of the society protest the phenomenon of pornography. They are currently proposing anti-pornography bill. The protests are believed triggered by the controversial performance of dangdut singer Inul Daratista. Using framing analysis, the research explains the position of printed media on pornography, freedom of expression and sexual exploitation. As a feminist research, it relates feminist theories, especially on pornography, with mass media. At least three schools in feminist theory discuss the topic: radical libertarian feminism, radical cultural feminism and post feminism. The research used articles in six media; Kompas, Tempo, Gatra, Republika, Sabili and Basis as data. Almost all of the media have no clear definition on pornography although some "religious media" related the performance of Inul Daratista with pornography. The thesis recommended that such a law on anti-pornography should be thought further before it reached clear definition on pornography."

"ABSTRAKIslam merupakan bagian yang tak terpisahkan dari spiritual di Rusia. Perkembangan Islam mengalami pasang surut mulai dari masa Kekaisaran Rusia, Uni Soviet, hingga Federasi Rusia. Setelah mendapatkan represi dari pemerintah Uni Soviet, Islam mengalami perkembangan pesat pada masa Federasi Rusia. Melalui metode kualitatif dan studi pustaka, artikel ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa pesatnya perkembangan Islam di Rusia dipengaruhi oleh kebijakan-kebijakan pro-Islam yang dilakukan Vladimur Putin. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam artikel ini berasal dari pidato-pidato Vladimir Putin dari situs web resmi Kremlin. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan politik-keagamaan, secara lebih spesfik menggunakan teori domestic religion-state relationship menurut Jose Casanova serta teori hubungan agama dan kebijakan luar negeri suatu negara menurut Carolyn Warner dan Stephen Walker.

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ABSTRACTIslam is an integral part of Russia rsquo s spiritual life. The development of Islam went through ups and downs since the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union, to the Russian Federation. After repression of the Soviet regime, Islam had rapid development in the Russian Federation. Through qualitative and literature review, this paper aims to prove that the rapid development of Islam in Russia was influenced by Vladimir Putin rsquo s pro Islam policies. This paper uses Vladimir Putin speeches from the Kremlin rsquo s official website. This research uses the political religious approach, more specifically uses the theory of domestic religion state relationship according to Jose Casanova and theory of religious relationships and foreign policy of a country according to Carolyn Warner and Stephen Walker."

"Tesis ini membahas bagaimana media massa yang beredar di Catalu a memberikan pandangannya terhadap proses referendum yang diadakan oleh pemerintah Catalu a pada 9 November 2014, serta mengungkap faktor-faktor penyebab kegagalan Referendum 2014 tersebut. Tesis ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode pemaparan deskriptif. Tesis ini menggunakan pendekatan tekstual untuk menjawab permasalahannya, yaitu dengan Teori Semiotik dan Analisis Wacana.

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This study focus on how the mass media in Catalonia give their view on the referendum held by Catalonia rsquo s government on November 9, 2014, and also revealing the factors that caused the failure of 2014 Referendum. This study is qualitative descriptive interpretive. This study uses textual approach to answer the issues, namely, the Theory of Semiotics and Discourse Analysis."

"Pentingnya peran media massa terhadap kegiatan politik semakin tinggi. Di satu sisi, media membutuhkan cerita yang layak dijual untuk menarik minat audiens. Dalam hal ini, berita politik selalu menjual. Meskipun persoalan politik yang pelit dapat membuat jenuh masyarakat, berita politik tetap diminati karena urusannya selalu menyangkut kepentingan publik.Di sisi lain, politikus dan partainya pun membutuhkan media sebagai corong untuk memperkenalkan dirinya. Jika tidak ada media, maka politisi dan partai politik tidak dapat menyebarkan tujuan politiknya yang dapat mempengaruhi publik.Dalam hal ini, Penulis mencoba menjabarkan seperti apa relasi antara politik dan penggunaan media, serta unsur-unsur apa saja yang dapat mempengaruhi relasi tersebut.

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The importance of mass media's roles to politics activities is getting higher. In one side, media needs stories to sell, so they can attract people's attention. Politics news always sell. Eventhough politics problems can saturate people, it is still demanded, because politics always connect with public's interest.

In another side, politicians and their parties need media as the medium to introduce them. If there is no media, political activities can not move to spread their purpose, and they can not influence people.

In this case, I try to spell out the relation between politics and the using of media, and what elements between them that can influence the relation."

"ABSTRAKTesis ini memberikan penjelasan dan pemahaman mengenai bagaimana peran media massa dewasa ini dalam kaitannya dengan politik kekuasaan dan hubungan antar negara. Lebih spesifik lagi penelitian ini menyoroti praktik penggunaan gray propaganda melalui media massa. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian kualitatif dengan paradigma kritis. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis wacana kritis Norman Fairclough sebagai metode penelitiannya. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa film Innocence of Muslims yang menghebohkan dunia pada bulan September 2012 termasuk dalam kategori gray propaganda karena memuat berbagai penghinaan dan kebohongan tentang Islam. Penggabungan antara elemen propaganda abu-abu dan banyaknya inkonsistensi yang ditemukan kemudian membangkitkan nuansa politis yang melatarbelakangi pembuatan film tersebut. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah unsur propaganda dalam film Innocence of Muslims adalah suatu kesengajaan yang telah direncanakan secara matang oleh pihak-pihak tertentu

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ABSTRACTThe objective of this research is to explain media use in the 21st century with regards to power politics and international relations. To be specific, the research casts a light on how gray propaganda campaign is being carried through the mass media. This qualitative research uses a critical paradigm. It also employs Norman Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis as its main research strategy. The research shows that the Innocence of Muslims film that created a wave of demonstrations in the Islamic world in September 2012 is part of a gray propaganda campaign to deceive a target. The gray propaganda elements and various inconsistencies found also undoubtedly contributed to a rise in suspicion of the political motive behind the film’s production and release. The research concludes that the propagandic nature of the Innocence of Muslims film was intentional and had been well prepared by an unknown actor."

"Status Papua sudah final sebagai bagian dari NKRI, namun kelompok pro-kemerdekaan Papua terus berupaya memisahkan diri dari Indonesia. Gerakan kelompok ini juga terus bertransformasi, dari perjuangan senjata (hard approach) oleh OPM dan faksi-faksi militernya, hingga cara-cara diplomasi (soft approach) dan internasionalisasi isu Papua oleh Benny Wenda dkk. Kelompok ini juga terus menggencarkan propagandanya di media sosial. Menggunakan metodologi kualitatif deskriptif dan dengan dibantu aplikasi analisis media sosial INDIGO, penelitian ini mencoba menjelaskan strategi propaganda kelompok pro-kemerdekaan Papua dalam internasionalisasi isu “Papua Merdeka” di media sosial khususnya Twitter. Menggunakan teori strategi sebagai teori utama dan didukung dengan teori propaganda politik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi kelompok pro-kemerdekaan Papua memiliki tujuan (ends) menarik simpati internasional agar melakukan intervensi sehingga dapat dilakukan referendum, dengan cara (ways) teknik white, grey, dan black propaganda, memanfaatkan beberapa isu mulai dari pelanggaran HAM, eksploitasi alam & kerusakan lingkungan, rasisme & marjinalisasi orang asli Papua untuk menuntut hak menentukan nasib sendiri, melalui sarana (means) media sosial dengan memanfaatkan peran aktivis, jurnalis, akun Free West Papua, dan bot.

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Papua's status is final as part of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, but Papuan pro-independence groups continue to try to separate themselves from Indonesia. The movement of this group has also continued to transform, from the armed struggle (hard approach) by OPM, to the ways of diplomacy (soft approach) and the internationalization of the Papua issue by Benny Wenda et al. This group also continues to intensify its propaganda on social media. Using a descriptive qualitative methodology, this study attempts to explain the strategies of Papuan pro-independence groups in campaigning for the issue of "Freedom Papua" on social media, especially Twitter. Using strategy theory as the main theory and supported by political propaganda theory. The results of the research show that the strategy of the Papuan pro-independence group has the aim (ends) of attracting international sympathy to intervene so that a referendum can be carried out, by ways of white, gray and black propaganda techniques, utilizing several issues ranging from human rights violations, natural exploitation & environmental damage, racism & marginalization of indigenous Papuans to demand the right to self-determination, through social media means by utilizing the roles of activists, journalists, Free West Papua accounts, and bots."

"Kendati rokok dan merokok adalah masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang serius di dunia dan di Indonesia, namun sejatinya yang lebih utama adalah masalah pertarungan ekonomi politik yang bertali-temali dengan komunikasi dan media. Isu rokok telah membelah Indonesia dalam dua kubu, yaitu yang pro dan kontra terhadap regulasi terhadap komoditas yang adiktif dan membahayakan kesehatan ini. Selama ini Indonesia tergolong dalam salah satu negara yang paling lemah dalam meregulasi tembakau dan rokok. Regulasi terhadap tembakau/rokok membutuhkan kemauan politik yang kuat, karena walaupun Konstitusi mengamanatkan negara berkewajiban mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa dan melindungi kelangsungan hidup warganya namun harus berhadapan dengan pragmatisme ekonomi politik yang berujung pada mesranya penyelenggara negara dengan industri rokok. Argumen perlindungan kesehatan masyarakat dibenturkan dengan argumen ekonomi, karena dikontruksikan bahwa tembakau dan rokok adalah komoditas yang berjasa menyumbang cukai puluhan triliun rupiah serta menyangkut mata pencaharian jutaan petani tembakau dan buruh pabrik rokok. Padahal tembakau dan rokok yang berisfat adiktif dan membahayakan kesehatan walaupun legal namun tidak normal. Kesadaran palsu dan mitos-mitos seputar tembakau dan rokok berkelindan dengan hegemoni oleh pemilik industri rokok . yang menampilkan diri sebagai dermawan dan warga negara yang baik lewat iklan, promosi dan sponsor yang massif. Akibatnya jumlah perokok di Indonesia terus meningkat menduduki peringkat ketiga di dunia setelah Tiongkok dan India. Dua dari tiga pria dewasa menjadi perokok. Industri rokok juga secara sistematik menjerat perokok-perokok di bawah umur. Semuanya ini menimbulkan dampak kesehatan yang amat dahsyat berupa kematian prematur lebih dari 200.000 jiwa per tahun, di antaranya 25.000 perokok pasif yang terutama di kalangan kaum perempuan dan anak-anak. Penelitian ini mencoba membedah kontestasi wacana pro-kontra regulasi rokok di ruang publik media massa dan media sosial yang terdistorsi oleh aneka trik interferensi atau gangguan yang dilakukan industri rokok. Peneliti mencoba memadukan Teori Diskursus dan Ruang Publik Habermas, Teori Hegemoni Gramsci, dan Teori Habitus Bourdieu.

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Eventhough cigarettes and smoking are serious public health problem in the world as well as in Indonesia, acatually it is more prominently a political economy contestation that intertwine with communication and the media. The issue of tobacco that has divided Indonesia into two sides, namely the pros and the contras towards regulation of this addictive and hazardous commodity.

So far Indonesia is considered as one of few countries that poorly regulate tobacco and cigarettes. Regulating tobacco/cigarettes needs a strong political will, since the Constitution entrusted that the State should nurture the Nation and protect the sustainabable life of its people, while on the other hand it has to confront with political economic pragmatism of tobacco-industrioState complex.

The arguments of public health protection is colliding with economic arguments, since it has been constructed that tobacco and cigarettes are commodities that collect trillions of Rupiah excise tax and considered as the life and blood of several million tobacco farmers and cigarette company workers. Eventhough tobacco and cigarettes are addictive and hazardous to health, they are legal yet abnormal.

False consciousness and myths that surround tobacco and cigarettes intertwining with the hegemony mastered by the owners of cigarettes companies who perform as philanthropists and good citizens through their massive tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship. Consequently the number of smokers in Indonesia is continuosly increasing and become the third highest after China and India. Two out of three adult males are smokers. The cigarettes companies are systematically entrap under age smokers. Due to this situation, a horrifying health impact implies with the premature deaths of more than 200,000 lives every year, including passive smokers, mostly among women and children.

This research is trying to analyze the discourse contestation of pro and contra towards tobacco regulation in the public sphere of mass media and social media that are distorted by many sly interferences practiced by the cigarette companies. The researcher is trying to synthesize Habermas’s Discourse and Public Sphere theories, Gramsci’s theory of Hegemony, and Bourdieu's concept of Habitus."

"Penelitian ini membahas komik sebagai media propaganda, khususnya komik Superputin! oleh Sergey Kalenik yang diterbitkan secara digital pada tahun 2010. Superputin! merupakan komik fiksi dan fantasi, tetapi komik ini merefleksikan realita yang terjadi di Rusia melalui teks, dialog, dan gambar di dalamnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi peran komik sebagai media hiburan to entertain dan fungsi komik sebagai media propaganda di Federasi Rusia khususnya menggunakan komik Superputin!, dari tahun 2010 hingga 2018. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan metode analisis semiotika, yang digunakan untuk menganalisis penggunaan frasa, klausa, atau kata dalam sebuah teks. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa tanda verbal dalam komik Superputin! berupa teks dialog dan tanda nonverbal dalam komik terdiri dari gambar, ekspresi fasial, dan simbol. Tanda dan pertanda yang ditemukan dalam komik Superputin! memiliki pesan-pesan propaganda yang berkaitan dengan realitas di Federasi Rusia. Penulis menyimpulkan persepsi yang dibentuk oleh Kalenik adalah Putin merupakan pemimpin yang kuat, Putin yang mampu menghadang segala problematika yang muncul di Rusia bahkan di dunia, Putin yang tidak terkalahkan.

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This research discusses comics as a propaganda media, specifically Superputin! comic by Sergey Kalenik which was published digitally in 2010. Superputin! comic is a fiction and fantasy comic, yet this comic reflects the reality that happens in Russia through text, dialogue, and images in it. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of comics as an entertainment media to entertain and the function of comics as a propaganda medium in the Russian Federation specifically using the comic Superputin! From 2010 until 2018. This is a qualitative research that uses semiotic analysis methods, whereas used to analyze the use of phrases, clauses, or words in a text. It concludes that the verbal sign in the comic Superputin! consists of dialogues of texts and nonverbal signs in comics consisting of images, facial expressions, and symbols. Signifier and Signified found in the Superputin! comic have propaganda messages related to reality in the Russian Federation. Writer conclude the perception formed by Kalenik is that Putin is a strong leader, Putin is able to confront all the problems that arise in Russia even in the world, Putin is invincible."