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"Latar Belakang: Hipersensitif dentin dipengaruhi oleh akumulasi plak pada permukaan gigi dan penetrasi bakteri pada tubulus dentin. Tujuan: Menganalisis proporsi serotipe c Streptococcus mutans dan tingkat keasaman di dalam plak dan saliva penderita resesi gingiva yang hipersensitif dentin dengan penderita resesi gingiva yang non hipersensitif. Metode: Tiga puluh enam sampel plak dan saliva dibagi dalam dua kelompok yaitu kelompok hipersensitif dan non hipersensitif. Dilakukan ekstrak DNA sampel, pengukuran pH sampel dan evaluasi amplifikasi serotipe c Streptococcus mutans dengan alat Real Time PCR. Hasil: Proporsi serotipe c Streptococcus mutans di dalam plak dan saliva tidak berbeda pada penderita resesi gingiva dengan hipersensitif dentin maupun non hipersensitif, Kesimpulan: Proporsi serotipe c Streptococcus mutans plak dan saliva tidak mempengaruhi hipersensitif dentin.

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Background: dentin hypersensitivity is affected by the accumulation of plaque on the tooth surface and penetration of bacteria in the dentinal tubules.

Objective: To analyze the proportion of serotype c Streptococcus mutans and the level of acidity in plaque and saliva of patients with hypersensitive dentin and non hypersensitive.

Methods: Thirty-six plaque and saliva samples were divided into two groups: the hypersensitive and non-hypersensitive. Extract the sample DNA, measure the acidity levels and evaluate serotype c Streptococcus mutans amplification with Real Time PCR.

Results: The proportion of serotype c Streptococcus mutans in plaque and saliva is not significantly different in the patients with gingival recession both hypersensitive and non-hypersensitive.

Conclusions: The proportion of serotype c Streptococcus mutans in plaque and saliva are equally well both in hypersensitive and non hypersensitive cases."

"ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Ketahanan ikatan antara resin komposit dengan dentin merupakan penentu keberhasilan restorasi resin komposit.Tujuan: Menganalisis EBA terhadap kekuatan ikat resin-dentin.Metode: 48 sampel dentin dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok. Kemudianseluruh kelompok di ukur kekuatan ikat gesernya menggunakan UTM.Data dianalisa statistik dengan uji hipotesis Kruskal Wallis yangdilanjutkan dengan uji Mann Whitney. Hasil: Median tertinggikelompok 3, sedangkan median terendah kelompok 5. Kesimpulan:Ekstrak biji anggur yang diaplikasikan sebelum etsa dapatmeningkatkan kekuatan ikat gesek namun tidak dapat menghambatbiodegradasinya.ABSTRACT Background: Resilience of resin-dentin bonding known as one ofsuccess composite resin restoration determinants. Aim: To analyze theeffect of grape seed extract on resin-dentin shear bond strength.Methods: 48 dentin sample were divided into 6 groups. Shear bondstrengths measured using UTM. Statistical analysis was done byKruskal Wallis test and Mann Whitney test. Results: The highestmedian value was highest on group 3, and the lowest was group 5.Conclusion: Grape seed extract can improve the shear bond strengthbut not have effect on reducing the biodegradation.;Background: Resilience of resin-dentin bonding known as one ofsuccess composite resin restoration determinants. Aim: To analyze theeffect of grape seed extract on resin-dentin shear bond strength.Methods: 48 dentin sample were divided into 6 groups. Shear bondstrengths measured using UTM. Statistical analysis was done byKruskal Wallis test and Mann Whitney test. Results: The highestmedian value was highest on group 3, and the lowest was group 5.Conclusion: Grape seed extract can improve the shear bond strengthbut not have effect on reducing the biodegradation."

"Latar Belakang : Resesi gingiva penyebab dentin hipersensitif (DH). Streptococcus mutans dan Streptococcus sobrinus pada plak menghasilkan asam. Produk asam menyebabkan demineralisasi akar gigi. Tujuan: Menganalisis jumlah serta distribusi S. mutans dan S. sobrinus dari plak dan saliva penderita resesi gingiva dengan DH dan non sensitif. Metode: Dari sampel saliva dan plak subjek DH dan non sensitif diperiksa jumlah S. mutans dan S. sobrinus menggunakan real-time PCR dengan SYBR Green. Hasil: Jumlah S. mutans lebih banyak pada plak DH daripada non sensitif, S. sobrinus lebih banyak pada saliva non sensitif. Kesimpulan: Jumlah S. mutans lebih banyak pada plak penderita DH.

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Background : Gingival recession cause of dentine hypersensitivity (DH). Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus in dental plaque will produce of acid. Acid can cause demineralization that involved in hypersensitivity.

Objectives : To analyze the amount and distribution of S. mutans and S. sobrinus from plaque and saliva in patients with DH and non sensitive.

Methods :, S. mutans and S. sobrinus from saliva and plaque samples was quantify by real-time PCR using SYBR Green.

Results : The number of S. mutans is higher in plaque of DH and S. sobrinus is higher in saliva of non sensitive.

Conclusion : Patients with DH had higher level of S. mutans in plaque."

"Latar belakang: Silver Diamine Fluoride dan Laser CO2 merupakan alternatif perawatan yang dapat dipilih untuk menangani hipersensivitas denton.Tujuan: Mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan Silver Diamine Fluoride dan Laser CO2 dalam menurunkan skor hipersensitivitas dentin. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain single blind, split-mouth randomized controlled trial yang melibatkan 16 subjek dengan keluhan gigi sensitif dan memiliki minimal dua gigi yang positif terhadap uji evaporatif atau uji thermal. Subjek akan diaplikasikan Silver Diamine Fluoride dan Laser CO2. Pengukuran hipersensitivitas dentin dilakukan dengan stimulus evaporatif dan termal dan DIAGNOdent pasca aplikasi, 7 hari dan 14 hari setelah aplikasi. Hasil: Terjadi penurunan skor Hipersensitivitas dan DIAGNOdent yang berbeda bermakna terhadap data baseline segera pasca aplikasi, 7 hari dan 14 hari pasca aplikasi p=0,000 untuk stimulus evaporatif, termal dan DIAGNOdent . Tetapi tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna secara statistik antara aplikasi Silver Diamine Fluoride dan aplikasi Silver Diamine Fluoride dan Laser CO2 pada setiap pengukuran. Kesimpulan: Penggunaan Silver Diamine Fluoride dan Laser CO2 efektif dalam menurunkan skor hipersensitivitas dentin.

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Background: Silver Diamine fluoride and CO2 Laser are a new alternative treatment for dentin hypersensitivity.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Silver Diamine Fluoride and CO2 Laser in reducing dentin hypersensitivity score.

Methods: The study used a single blind, split mouth design randomized controlled trial involving 16 subjects with symptoms of sensitive teeth and have at least two hypersensitive teeth which are positive to evaporative or thermal test. The subject teeth surface will be applied Silver diamine fluoride and CO2 Laser will be applied to the subject teeth surface.

Results: This clinical study demonstrated that the application of Silver Diamine Fluoride and CO2 Laser reduce dentin hypersensitivity significantly in each measurement p 0,000 for evaporative and thermal stimulus. But there is no statistically significant differences between the two application.

Conclusion: The usage of Silver Diamine Fluoride and CO2 Laser are effective to reduce the degree of dentin hypersensitivity. "

"Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh besar tekanan dan lama scrubbing terhadap kuat rekat geser self adhering flowable composite pada dentin. Self adhering flowable composite diaplikasikan dengan tekanan scrubbing 1, 2, dan 3 gram masing-masing selama 15, 20, dan 25 detik. Resin komposit diaplikasikan secara inkremental. Polimerisasi dengan sinar selama 20 detik. Kuat rekat geser diuji menggunakan Testing Machine dan dianalisa dengan ANOVA diikuti Post Hoc Test Bonferroni. Daerah patahan diobservasi menggunakan SEM. Kuat rekat geser tertinggi pada tekanan scrubbing 3 gram selama 25 detik. Perbedaan besar tekanan dan waktu saat scrubbing mempengaruhi kuat rekat geser self adhering flowable composite pada dentin.

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Effect of different scrubbing pressure and duration on shear bond strength of self adhering flowable composite to dentin was evaluated. Self adhering flowable composite was applied on dentin with 1, 2, and 3 grams pressure for 15, 20, and 25 seconds. Composite was constructed incrementally. Polymerization for 20 seconds. Shear bond strength was tested with a Testing Machine and analyzed by ANOVA and Bonferroni. Fractured area was observed with a SEM. The highest shear bond strength was obtained in 3 grams scrubbing pressure for 25 seconds. The different scrubbing pressure and duration influenced shear bond strength of self adhering flowable composite to dentin."

"Latar Belakang : Dentin hipersensitif (DH) sering pada pasien dengan peradangan periodontal kronis, karena permukaan akar terpapar akibat proses penyakit. Penggunaan pasta gigi saat menyikat gigi terbukti efektif menghilangkan plak gigi sebagai penyebab utama peradangan periodontal. Tujuan: Menganalisis peran penyikatan gigi dengan pasta gigi yang mengandung sodium bicarbonate, sodium fluoride dan potassium nitrate terhadap DH disertai peradangan periodontal. Metode: Uji eksperimental klinis, membandingkan dua kelompok dengan perbedaan perlakuan. Hasil: Terdapat penurunan sensitifitas dan peradangan periodontal pada kedua kelompok. Kesimpulan: Penurunan tingkat sensitifitas lebih besar pada kelompok penelitian.

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Background : Dentine Hypersensitivity is commonly found in patient with periodontal inflammation, due to exposed root surface as a result of disease process. Usage of toothpaste while brushing teeth is proven effective at removing plaque as major cause of inflammation.

Objective: Analyze the role of tooth brushing using toothpaste containing sodium bicarbonate, sodium fluoride and potassium nitrate for dentine hypersensitivity with periodontal inflammation.

Methods: Experimental clinical trial comparing two treatment groups with differences.

Results: There is decreased sensitivity and inflammation in both groups.

Conclusion: Greater decreased sensitivity is found in study group."

"Latar belakang: Terapi regenerasi jaringan periodontal pada pola kerusakan tulang alveolar horizontal selama ini belum membuahkan hasil yang memuaskan. Terapi regenerasi memerlukan scaffold, sel punca, dan signaling molecules. Scaffold dalam terapi regenerasi salah satunya yaitu kitosan. Penambahan arginylglycylaspartic acid RGD pada kitosan membantu adhesi sel. Periodontal ligament PDL cell sheet membantu regenerasi periodontal. Tujuan: Mengevaluasi efek kitosan, RGD, dan PDL cell sheet terhadap perlekatan jaringan periodontal klinis pada kerusakan tulang alveolar horizontal. Metode dan Bahan: Model kerusakan tulang horizontal pada M. nemestrina dibuat dengan bur dan elastik ortodontik. Sampel dibagi empat kelompok n=8 : kitosan, kitosan RGD, kitosan PDL cell sheet, dan kitosan RGD PDL cell sheet. Peningkatan perlekatan jaringan periodontal klinis dievaluasi setelah empat minggu. Hasil: Peningkatan perlekatan jaringan periodontal klinis kelompok kitosan RGD PDL cell sheet 3,00 0,756 mm lebih baik dibandingkan kitosan 1,75 0,707 mm dan kitosan RGD 2,13 0,835 mm. Kesimpulan: Kelompok kitosan RGD PDL cell sheet berpotensi dapat meningkatan perlekatan jaringan periodontal klinis terbaik.

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Background: Periodontal regeneration therapy in horizontal bone defect has not been satisfactory yet. Tissue regeneration require scaffold, stem cells, and signaling molecule. One of scaffold that use in regenerative therapy is chitosan. Combination of chitosan with arginylglycylaspartic acid RGD has the ability to improve cell adhesion. Periodontal ligament PDL cell sheet has the ability to promote periodontal regeneration.

Objectives: Evaluate attachment gaining on clinical periodontal attachment using chitosan RGD, and PDL cell sheet in horizontal bone defect.

Material and Methods: The horizontal bone defect model of M. nemestrina was made using bur and orthodontic elastic. Regenerative therapy divided into four groups n 8 chitosan, chitosan RGD, chitosan PDL cell sheet, and chitosan RGD PDL cell sheet. Clinical periodontal attachment was evaluated after four weeks.

Results: Clinical periodontal attachment of chitosan RGD PDL cell sheet 3,00 0,756 mm was better than chitosan 1,75 0,707 mm and chitosan RGD 2,13 0,835 mm.

Conclusion: Chitosan RGD PDL cell sheet groups has the potential to increase clinical periodontal attachment."

"ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Periodontitis merupakan penyebab infeksi kronis terbanyak pada penyandang diabetes. Periodontitis adalah penyakit inflamasi kronis yang menyerang jaringan penyanggah gigi yang disebabkan oleh organisme spesifik. Periodontitis secara klinis bermanifestasi sebagai pembentukan poket pada gingiva dan kehilangan perlekatan gingiva yang dapat memfasilitasi kebocoran mediator inflamasi dari rongga mulut. Inflamasi sistemik derajat rendah ini telah diketahui berperan dalam aterogenesis. Hubungan periodontitis dengan insiden aterosklerosis telah banyak dilaporkan dengan hasil yang konsisten. Di lain pihak hubungan periodontitis dengan aterosklerosis subklinis, khususnya kekakuan arteri, tanda awal dari aterosklerosis menunjukkan hasil yang beragam. Studi-studi sebelumnya yang menilai periodontitis dengan kekakuan arteri dilakukan pada populasi umum, hanya sedikit yang dilakukan pada populasi diabetes.Tujuan: Mengetahui korelasi derajat periodontitis dengan kekakuan arteri pada penyandang DM tipe 2.Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian potong lintang terhadap 97 penyandang DM tipe 2 dewasa ddi poliklinik metabolik endokrin RSCM pada bulan April hingga Agustus 2017. Periodontitis dinilai secara klinis dengan kedalaman poket periodontal dan jarak kehilangan perlekatan gingiva. Kekakuan arteri dinilai dengan PWV karotis-femoral menggunakan SphygmoCor.Hasil penelitian: Sembilan puluh sembilan persen penyandang DM tipe 2 mengalami periodontitis dan 78 penyandang DM tipe 2 mengalami periodontitis berat sesuai dengan kriteria AAP 1999. Korelasi antara menifestasi periodontitis kedalaman poket dan kehilangan perlekatan dengan kekakuan arteri tidak terbukti pada penelitian ini karena baik kedalaman poket dan kehilangan perlekatan menunjukkan korelasi sangat lemas dan keduanya tidak menunjukkan hasil yang bermakna PD, r= 0,024 p= 0,403 CAL, r= 0,011 p=0,456 .Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar penyandang DM tipe 2 mengalami periodontitis berat dan tidak ada korelasi positif bermakna antara derajat periodontitis dengan kekakuan arteri pada penyandang DM tipe 2. ABSTRACT Background Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease affecting tissue teeth supporting tissue caused by specific organism and is a major cause of chronic infection in diabetic population. Periodontitis is clinically manifested by gingival bleeding, pocket formation and attachment loss that facilitated systemic leakage of oral inflammatory mediators. These low grade systemic inflammation is known to play a role in atherogenesis. Association on periodontitis and atherosclerosis incident is established and showed consistent results in previous studies. The association of periodontitis and subclinical atherosclerosis however, showed conflicting result, specially in studies involving arterial stiffness, the early sign of atherosclerosis. These studies were conducted in general population, very few were performed in type 2 diabetes population. Objective To learn about the correlation between periodontitis and arterial stiffnes.Method This is a cross sectional study involving 97 type 2 diabetics recruited in endocrinology clinic fin ciptomangunkusumo general hospital from April to August 2017. Periodontitis were defined by clinical measures such as pocket depth and clinical attachment loss, those measures reflected disease activity and gingival destruction. Arterial stiffness were measured by carotid femoral PWV using cuff based tonometry device, SphygmoCor.Result Periodontitis is found in 99 type 2 diabetics and 78 of them had severe periodontitis. Correlation coefficient for both pocket depth and clinical attachment loss showed very weak positive result, but none of them is statistically significant PD, r 0,024 p 0,403 CAL, r 0,011 p 0,456 .Conclusion Most of type 2 diabetics has severe periodontitis and correlation between periodontitis and arterial stiffness can rsquo t be concluded in this study. "

"Latar Belakang: Early Childhood Caries (ECC) adalah karies yang menyerang anak-anak pada umur dibawah 71 bulan, sedangkan Severe – Early Childhood Caries (S-ECC) adalah ECC yang keparahannya ekstensif. Salah satu faktor utama terjadinya ECC adalah bakteri Streptococcus mutans dan progresitifitas dari ECC dapat didukung oleh adanya jamur Candida albicans, tetapi hubungan antara Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans, dan tingkat karies masih dipertanyakan. Tujuan: Mengetahui kuantitas dan hubungan antara antigen Streptococcus mutans serotipe c dan Candida albicans dari plak gigi yang dikorelasikan dengan OHI-S dan dmft pada pasien ECC dan S-ECC. Metode: Kuantitas antigen Streptococcus mutans serotipe c dan Candida albicans dari 37 sampel plak gigi pasien ECC dan S-ECC diukur menggunakan metode ELISA. Nilai optical density dideteksi pada panjang gelombang 450 nm kemudian dikorelasikan dengan OHI-S dan kategori ECC serta S-ECC. Hasil: Analisis statistik dengan menggunakan uji Mann – Whitney untuk menguji perbedaan kuantitas Streptococcus mutans serotipe c pada kelompok sampel ECC dan S-ECC didapatkan nilai p=0,424. Sedangkan uji Independent T test untuk menguji perbedaan kuantitas Candida albicans pada kelompok sampel ECC dan S-ECC didapatkan nilai p=0,535. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian Mann Whitney untuk menganalisis perbedaan kuantitas Streptococcus mutans serotipe c pada kelompok sampel OHI-S sedang dan OHI-S baik dan didapatkan nilai p=0,070. Untuk menguji kuantitas Candida albicans pada kelompok sampel OHI-S sedang dan OHI-S baik menggunakan uji independent T test didapatkan nilai p=0,353. Hasil analisis uji korelasi Spearman antara kuantitas antigen Streptococcus mutans serotipe c dan Candida albicans pada kategori ECC didapatkan hasil korelasi linier negatif kuat (r=-0,900 ; p=0,037). Serta hasil analisis uji korelasi Pearson antara kuantitas antigen Streptococcus mutans serotipe c dan Candida albicans pada kategori S-ECC didapatkan hasil kecenderungan korelasi linier positif lemah (r=0,018 ; p=0,923). Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kuantitas Streptococcus mutans serotipe c dan Candida albicans yang diambil dari plak gigi pasien ECC dan S-ECC serta pada beberapa derajat OHIS dan terdapat hubungan antara antigen Streptococcus mutans serotipe c dan Candida albicans dari plak gigi ECC dan S-ECC.

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Background: Childhood Caries (ECC) is caries that attacks children under the age of 71 months, while Severe - Early Childhood Caries (S-ECC) is an ECC of extensive severity. One of the main factors of ECC is the Streptococcus mutans and the progression of ECC can be supported by the presence of the Candida albicans, but the relationship between Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans, and ECC is still questionable. Objective: To determine the quantity and relationship between Streptococcus mutans serotype c and Candida albicans antigens from dental plaque correlated with OHI-S and dmft in ECC and S-ECC patients. Methods: The quantity of Streptococcus mutans antigens serotype c and Candida albicans from 37 dental plaque samples of ECC and S-ECC patients were measured using the ELISA method. Optical density values ​​were detected at a wavelength of 450 nm and then correlated with OHI-S and ECC and S-ECC categories. Results: Statistical analysis using the Mann-Whitney test to test differences in the quantity of Streptococcus mutans serotype c in the ECC and S-ECC sample groups showed a value of p = 0.424. While the Independent T test to test differences in the quantity of Candida albicans in the ECC and S-ECC sample groups obtained p = 0.535. Mann Whitney test was then performed to see differences in the quantity of Streptococcus mutans serotype c in the moderate OHI-S and good OHI-S sample groups and obtained p = 0.070. To test the quantity of Candida albicans in the moderate OHI-S and good OHI-S sample groups both using the independent T test, p = 0.353 was obtained. Spearman correlation test analysis results between the quantity of Streptococcus mutans serotype c and Candida albicans antigens in the ECC category showed strong negative linear correlation results (r = -0,900; p = 0.037). And the results of the Pearson correlation test analysis between the quantity of Streptococcus mutans serotype c and Candida albicans antigens in the S-ECC category showed a positive weak linear correlation trend (r = 0.018; p = 0.923). Conclusion: There was no significant difference between the quantity of Streptococcus mutans serotype c and Candida albicans taken from the dental plaque of ECC and S-ECC patients and to some degree of OHIS and there was a relationship between Streptococcus mutans serotype c antigens and Candida albicans from ECC dental plaque and S-ECC."

"Latar Belakang: Saat ini perawatan pulpa vital mengacu pada konsep minimal intervensi, yaitu dengan meninggalkan lapisan affected dentin saat ekskavasi karena masih terdapat ikatan silang kolagen sehingga dapat dilakukan upaya remineralisasi. Remineralisasi melalui aplikasi material bioaktif Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) belum dapat menghasilkan karakteristik dentin menyerupai dentin normal karena pembentukan mineral hanya terjadi pada ruang ekstrafibrillar. Penggunaan material analog protein non kolagen dibutuhkan untuk menstabilkan nano Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (ACP) agar dapat memasuki ruang intrafibrillar, salah satunya menggunakan Carboxymethyl Chitosan (CMC).Tujuan: mengevaluasi remineralisasi dentin pada permukaan dentin terdemineralisasi setelah aplikasi material MTA dan material modifikasi MTA-CMC dengan melihat morfologi permukaan dan komposisi ion pada dentin.Metode: remineralisasi dilakukan melalui aplikasi material MTA, MTA-CMC 5% dan 10% selama 14 hari pada permukaan sampel dentin yang terdemineralisasi. Pengamatan morfologi dilakukan dengan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) dan konfirmasi komposisi ion dengan Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX).Hasil: terdapat perbedaan morfologi pada permukaan dentin setelah dilakukan remineralisasi melalui aplikasi MTA, MTA-CMC 5%, dan MTA-CMC 10% selama 14 hari yang dievaluasi menggunakan SEM. Hasil analisis EDX mengonfirmasi adanya peningkatan kandungan kalsium dan fosfor pada permukaan dentin yang diremineralisasi dengan material MTA-CMC.Kesimpulan: remineralisasi melalui aplikasi material modifikasi MTA-CMC dapat memengaruhi morfologi permukaan dan komposisi ion pada permukaan dentin yang terdemineralisasi.

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Background: Vital pulp treatment refers to the concept of minimal intervention by preserving the affected dentin layer in the excavation process because there are still collagen cross-linked to induce remineralization. Remineralization through the application of bioactive material Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) produce different dentin characteristics to normal dentin because mineral formation only occurs in the extrafibrillar space. The use of non-collagen protein analog materials is needed to stabilize the nano Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (ACP) to get into the intrafibrillar space, one of which is Carboxymethyl Chitosan (CMC).

Objective: To evaluate dentin remineralization on the surface of demineralized dentin after the application of MTA and MTA-CMC modified material by looking at the surface morphology and ionic composition of the dentin.

Methods: The remineralization was carried out through the application of MTA,MTA-CMC 5%, MTA-CMC 10% materials for 14 days on the surface of demineralized dentin samples. Morphological observations were carried out by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and confirmation of ion composition by Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX). Results: there were morphological differences on the dentin surface after remineralization through the application of MTA, MTA-CMC 5%, and MTA-CMC 10% for 14 days which were evaluated using SEM. The results of the EDX analysis confirmed an increase in the content of calcium and phosphorus on the dentin surface remineralized with MTA-CMC material.

Conclusion: remineralization through the application of MTA-CMC modified material can affect the surface morphology and ion composition on the demineralized dentin surface."