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"Amandemen kebijakan imigrasi tahun 1990 berdampak pada peningkatan warga negara asing di Jepang, terutama yang merupakan keturunan darah Jepang. Warga negara asing yang memiliki keturunan darah Jepang, atau disebut nikkeijin, memiliki kesulitan untuk berasimilasi dan membaur ke dalam masyarakat Jepang. Resesi ekonomi yang melanda Jepang pada tahun 2008-2009 memicu pelaksanaan program pay-to-go yang bertujuan mengirim kembali para nikkeijin ke negara asal mereka. Penelitian ini akan melihat nikkeijin dalam posisi sebagai homo-sacer yang menjadi target praktik biopower oleh pemerintah Jepang.

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The Ammandement of Immigration and Refugee Recognition Act in 1990 impacts the raise in foreign population in Japan, especially those with Japanese descendant. Foreigners who is a Japanese descendant, called nikkeijin, have difficulty to assimiliate as well as intergrate into the Japanese society.Economical recess that hits Japan in 2008-2009 triggers the implementation of the pay-to-go programme whose goal is to send back the nikkeijin to their original country. This research will be focusing on how nikkeijin seen as a homo-sacer and how Japanese government implement their biopower through pay-to-go programme."

"Program wajib vaksinasi Covid-19 merupakan salah satu bentuk upaya yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Indonesia untuk memutus rantai penyebaran virus Covid-19. Namun, program vaksinasi Covid-19 tersebut mendapatkan berbagai macam respon dari masyarakat, sebagian menyambut dan menerima dengan suka cita, namun sebagian lain menaruh keraguan dan berakhir pada keputusan untuk menolak vaksinasi Covid-19. Perbedaan keputusan tersebut ternyata terjadi tidak hanya pada masyarakat umum, tetapi juga pada tenaga kesehatan. Banyak faktor terlibat di dalam proses pengambilan keputusan tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa terdapat keterlibatan affect dan biopower sebagai faktor yang secara signifikan mendorong tenaga kesehatan dalam memutuskan keputusannya terhadap vaksinasi Covid-19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian etnografi yang dilakukan di Puskesmas Kecamatan Asih. Studi pustaka, observasi partisipan, dan wawancara mendalam dilakukan sebagai teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini.

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The Covid-19 vaccination program is one of the efforts made by the Government of Indonesia to break the chain of spread of the Covid-19 virus. However, the Covid-19 vaccination program received various responses from the public, some welcomed and accepted it, but others put their doubts and ended up with the decision to refuse the Covid-19 vaccination. These differences in these decisions occur not only in the general public, but also in the health workers. Many factors are involved in the decision-making process. This study found that affect and biopower were involved as factors that significantly encourage the health workers in their decision-making process regarding Covid-19 vaccination. This research is an ethnographic research conducted at Puskesmas Asih Kecamatan Asih. Literature study, participant observation, and in-depth interviews were conducted as data collection techniques in this study."

"Tiap masyarakat tentunya berbeda-beda dalam mengonstruksi seksualitas mereka dan hal tersebut tercermin pada norma-norma yang berlaku di masyarakat tersebut. Saya berusaha menjelaskan hubungan antara konstruksi masyarakat Mekarwaru tentang seksualitas perempuan dalam titik ini pengawasan dan pengaturan seksualitas kepada perempuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan etnografi, metode life-history, observasi partisipan, dan wawancara mendalam dengan melibatkan tidak hanya para perempuan sebagai subjek yang diawasi dan diatur, tapi juga orang tua, aparat desa, remaja Karang Taruna, serta masyarakat sekitar yang saya kategorikan menjadi gossipers sebagai bentuk triangulasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian saya, ada dua hal yang menjadi alat untuk mengontrol seksualitas perempuan Mekarwaru, yakni pertalian rasa malu (kinship of shame) dan gosip. Rasa malu nyatanya tak dapat muncul begitu saja, tetapi diaktifkan menggunakan gosip. Tulisan ini juga ingin menunjukan bahwa aliran kekuasaan tidak melulu secara top-down ataupun bottom-up, tapi juga horizontal. Hal ini tercermin dari pelaksanaan apel malam serta bekerjanya pertalian rasa malu [kinship of shame] dan gosip sebagai praktik village biopower untuk mewujudkan performative regulation.

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Each community constructs their ows sexuality, which could be reflected in their social norms that they carries and applies. Through this writing, I explained the connections between the social construction in the village of Mekarwaru regarding their women’s sexuality with the surveillance and sexuality regulation for women. I use ethnographic approach, life-history methods paired with participant observation and in-depth interview to not only the women as the subject that are being watched and regulated, but also their parents, village apparatus, Remaja Karang Taruna, and the community members that I categorizes as ‘the gossiper’ as a form of triangulation. My research shows that there’s two things that plays the role as a ‘tool’ to control Mekarwaru’s women’s sexuality, that are kinship of shame and gossip. The shame aspect could not stand by itself without the active role of gossip. Through this writing, I would also like to show that power flow is not as stagnant as ‘top-down’ or ‘down-top’, but could also be horizontal, which proven through the ’apel malam’ activity, and the work of kinship of shame with gossip as a practice of village biopower to manifest the performative regulation."

"Skripsi ini membahas tentang berbagai bentuk ketidaksetaraan gender di Jepang dengan fokus utama adalah matahara atau maternity harassment yang terjadi di lingkungan kerja Jepang. Penulis menggunakan teori feminisme radikal untuk menganalisa bagaimana budaya masyarakat Jepang terkait dengan matahara. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa sistem patriarki dalam masyarakat Jepang bukan menjadi pemicu utama terjadinya matahara, tetapi faktor ekonomi lah yang menjadi faktor utama terjadinya matahara di perusahaan Jepang. Matahara dan ekonomi saling berhubungan karena matahara menyebabkan penurunan populasi dan menurunnya populasi menyebabkan ekonomi Jepang dalam kondisi stagnan.

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This undergraduate thesis examines about forms of gender inequality in Japan and focusing on matahara or maternity harassment that happens on Japanese work environment. The writer uses radical feminism theories to analyze how Japanese culture relates with maternity harassment. The analysis shows that patriarchy in Japanese society is not the main cause of maternity harassment. It is economic factor which becomes the main factor of maternity harassment in Japanese companies. Maternity harassment and economy corresponds to each other because maternity harassment causes the declining of youth population and this declining population causes Japan economy stuck in a stagnant condition. "

"Skripsi ini membahas mengenai pertanggungjawaban para pihak dalam kasus tumpahan minyak dari anjungan minyak Montara pada tahun 2009. Sampai saat ini kasus ini masih dalam proses penyelesaian antara Indonesia dan PTTEP. Namun karena tumpahan minyak melintas batas ke perairan Indonesia di Laut Timor, maka kerja sama negara dinilai penting dalam mengupayakan pertanggungjawaban satu pihak di dalam yurisdiksinya kepada pihak yang dirugikan. Pendekatan yang dilakukan melalui hukum internasional (prinsip-prinsip hukum internasional, konvensi, dan perjanjian antarnegara) hukum nasional masing-masing negara, dan melalui wawancara. Ketentuan yang sekarang ini hanya sebatas mengatur proses penanganan pencemaran, bukan mengenai ganti rugi dan kompensasi.

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This thesis describes the parties liability on Montara oil spill case in 2009. So far, the case remains an ongoing matter between Indonesia and PTTEP. However, having transboundary element that the spill incident transferred to Indonesian water on Timor Sea, it is essential for the states to cooperate in order to seek liability of a party if it is under their jurisdiction. The approach is through international law (principles, conventions, and states’ agreements), respective national laws, and interviews. Currently, the available regulations merely govern the pollution handling, not regarding the liabilities and compensation."

"Pesawat udara secara sifat aslinya adalah moda yang tidak aman. Ia tidak bisa berhenti seketika diudara semaunya, dan bisa jatuh. Namun statistik menunjukkan, bahwa pesawat udara merupakan moda transportasi yang paling aman. Hal ini disebabkan karena adanya regulasi yang ketat dan ditaati. Oleh karena itu, peraturan penerbangan nasional harus ditegakkan secara ketat dalam rangka mewujudkan penerbangan yang aman dan selamat. Sejalan atas kepentingan tersebut, maka hukum dalam konteks implementasi kebijakan kriminal (criminal policy) diperlukan, sebagai alat untuk melindungi manusia agar bisa hidup dengan selamat tanpa ancaman dari tindakan yang membahayakan dan kondisi yang membahayakan. Berdasarkan latar belakang yang telah disampaikan diatas, maka muncul permasalahan yang harus diteliti yakni apakah implementasi kebijakan kriminal dalam UU No. 1 Thn. 2009 tentang Penerbangan dapat dilaksanakan, dan bagaimana kebijakan Perundang-Undangan dalam konteks implementasi kebijakan kriminal di bidang Penerbangan di masa yang akan datang. Metode penelitian dalam tesis ini menggunakan Metode Penelitian Sosio-Legal yang merupakan penelitian interdisipliner terhadap hukum, dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif, dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Metode pengumpulan data yang dipakai adalah: studi kepustakaan dan wawancara. Berangkat dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, penelitian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan: (1) bahwa kebijakan perundang-undangan yang menerapkan kebijakan kriminal sebagaimana yang diatur dalam UU No. 1 Tahun 2009 tentang Penerbangan, akan sangat sulit untuk diterapkan; (2) Untuk masa yang akan datang, agar kebijakan perundang-undangan yang menerapkan dimensi kebijakan kriminal di bidang penerbangan harus benar-benar selaras, seiring, sejalan, sinkron, dan harmonis dengan ketentuan perundangan lain yang berlaku, mentaati asas-asas hukum pidana, memperhatikan efek keberlakuan dan upaya penegakan hukumnya, serta dapat menunjang sistem peradilan pidana terpadu di Indonesia. Karena dengan demikian, barulah dimensi dan implementasi kebijakan kriminal yang diatur/dianut dalam UU Penerbangan dapat diterapkan penegakan hukumnya, sehingga kemudian pendekatan kebijakan kriminal di bidang penerbangan dapat memberikan kontribusi berguna, dalam kaitan peningkatan faktor keamanan dan keselamatan penerbangan.

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Aircraft in its original nature represents unsafe mode. It cannot stop instantly in the air at will, and can fall down. But statistic data show that the aircraft is the safest mode of transportation. This is due to strict regulations and adhered to. Therefore, the national aviation regulations must be enforced strictly in order to realize a secure and safe aviation. In line with the interest, the law in the context of the implementation of criminal policy is required, as a means to protect people to live safely without the threat of dangerous actions and conditions.

Based on the background as presented above, it appears that the problems should be investigated whether the implementation of criminal policy in Law No. 1 Year. 2009 on Aviations can be implemented, and how policy legislation in the context of the implementation of criminal policy in the field of aviation in the future will be.

Method of research in this thesis uses the Socio-Legal Research Methods which represents interdisciplinary study of laws, executed by using descriptive qualitative methods, with a normative juridical approach. The employed data collection method is literature study and interviews.

Departing from the results of research that has been done, the study concludes: (1) that the legislation policy that applies criminal policy as stipulated in Law No. 1 Year 2009 on Aviation will be very difficult to implement, (2) In the future, the legislation policies that apply criminal policy dimension in the field of aviation should be in tune, in concomitant with, in line, synchronized to, and harmonized with other prevailing provisions, adhering to the principles of criminal law, considering the applicability effect and law enforcement efforts, and able to support integrated criminal justice system in Indonesia. And hence, the dimensions and implementation of criminal policies which are governed / adopted in the law of Aviation becomes applicable, so that the approach to criminal policies in the field of aviation can provide useful contributions, in terms of improving aviation safety and security factors."

"Each Organization public sector or private have a goals. Strategy need reach a goal oforganization. It is describe at activities. Organization need reins management system forguarantee to do of strategy organization effective and efficient system. The system for guarantee to do of strategy organization is decision maker at government region. The example is Outer ring road Semarang. Semarang have strategy position for national road, Outer ring road Semarang. Semarang have strategy position for national road, Outer ring road Semarang.Semarang has a strategy position for national road, province road, regency road and city road.In order to do need strategy management coordination each regent. Central Government haveplan build ring road Semarang-Solo need supported Government Semarang. The Conclusionis, first alternative Trase (Gunung Pati street, Cangkiran, Kalimas, Mangkang) have highfeasibility views. First alternative have some problem. Problem solving need a good branchof road, consistency middle ring road plan at BSB (Bukit Semarang Baru Regency). Second alternative (Pramuka Street, New street, Kalimas and Mangkang) have feasibility stage two.Second alternative needs progress anticipate for conservation region plan, middle ring roadplan, space regulation specific for growth ple, intensive socialization society"

"Each organization public sector or private have a goals. Strategy need reach a goal of organization. It is describe at activities. Organization need reins management ysytem for guarantee to do of strategy organization effective and efisien system. One of system for guarantee to do of strategy orgization is decision maker at government region. The example is outer ring road Semarang. Semarang have strategy position for national road, outer ring road Semarang. Semarang have strategy position for national road, Outer ring road Semarang. Semarang have strategy position for national road , province road, regency road and city road. In order to do need strategy management coordination each regent. Central Government have plan build ring road Semarang-Solo need support Government Semarang. Conclution is alternative I trase (Gunung Pati street, Cangkiran , kalimas , Mangkang) have high feasibility views. Alternative I have some problem. problem solving need a good branch of road concistency middle ring road plan at BSB (Bukit Semarang Baru regency). Alternatif II needs progress anticipate for conservation region plan, middle ring road plan, space regulation specific for growth ple, intensive socialization society."

"Skripsi ini berfokus pada bousouzoku dalam masyarakat Jepang yang merupakan suatu istilah yang ditujukan untuk orang-orang yang mengendarai kendaraan secara kebut-kebutan dan melanggar rambu-rambu lalu lintas. Anggota dari bousouzoku adalah para pelajar sekolah menengah yang sebagian besar di antaranya adalah mereka yang dikeluarkan dari sekolah (Sato, 1991).Metode yang digunakan dalam skripsi ini adalah metode deskriptif analistis dengan melihat data kepustakaan yang dianalisis menggunakan teori youth subculture. Youth subculture atau subkultur pemuda merupakan kebudayaan cabang yang memiliki norma khas, yang berbeda dari masyarakat dominan.Dari analisis kepustakaan diperoleh bahwa bousouzoku merupakan orang-orang yang mempunyai ketertarikan sama akan kendaraan bermotor yang kemudian diwujudkan melalui modifikasi kendaran tersebut serta melakukan aktivitas mereka sebagai anggota bousouzoku untuk menunjukkan eksistensi mereka yang membuat mereka digolongkan sebagai suatu bentuk youth subculture.

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This thesis focused of bousouzoku in Japanese society which a term that pointed for people who ride vehicle quickly and break the traffic rule. The members of bousouzoku were students of high school that many of them were drop out from the school (Sato, 1991).The method which used in this thesis was descriptive analysis method by seen literature data which analyzed by youth subculture theory. Youth subculture was a branch culture which had a specific norm, that different from dominant culture.From literature analyzed had gotten that bousouzoku were people who had a same interest with vehicle which had showed by vehicle modification and made their activity as a member of bousouzoku for showing their existence that made them had classed as a form of youth subculture."