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"ABSTRAKTujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh karbamid peroksida 10% dan 15% terhadapperubahan warna email dengan diskolorasi ekstrinsik oleh teh hitam. Metode:Tiga puluh dua gigi premolar manusia pasca ekstraksi direndam dalam larutan tehhitam selama 8 hari, kemudian dibagi secara acak ke dalam 2 kelompokperlakuan, lalu ditanam dalam microwax. Aplikasi bleaching dilakukan selama 7jam per aplikasi hingga dilakukan 14 kali aplikasi. Pengukuran warna denganmetode CIE L*a*b* menggunakan VITA Easyshade® dilakukan setelahpewarnaan teh hitam, setelah aplikasi ke-7, dan setelah aplikasi ke-14. Hasil: Ujistatistik Independent t-Test menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna nilaiΔE antar kedua kelompok. Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan efektivitasantara karbamid peroksida 10% dan 15% terhadap diskolorasi ekstrinsik oleh tehhitam.

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ABSTRACTObjective: to evaluate the effect of 10% and 15% carbamide peroxide on colourchange of enamel with extrinsic discolouration caused by black tea. Method:Thirty two extracted human premolars were immersed in black tea solution for 8days, then randomly divided into two groups and mounted in microwax.Specimens then bleached for 7-hour per application for 14 applications. Colourchanges were measured after staining, and after 7th and 14th of bleachingapplication using VITA Easyshade®, then calculated using CIE L*a*b* method.Result: Independent t-Test showed there was no significant difference of ΔEbetween groups. Conclusion: There was no different effectiveness of 10% and15% carbamide peroxide on human enamel with extrinsic discolouration causedby black tea."

"ABSTRAKBelimbing wuluh dapat memutihkan warna gigi, namun memiliki pH asam yang dapat mempengaruhi kekasaran email. Penelitian ini menggunakan 35 email gigi sapi yang diaplikasikan dengan gel ekstrak belimbing wuluh Bogor dan Aceh 70%, 80% dan 90% dalam 4 jam selama 14 hari. Berdasarkan analisa statistik uji t berpasangandan tidak berpasangan, semua kelompok perlakuan mengalami perubahan yang signifikan (p<0.05) setelah 7 hari dan 14 hari aplikasi. Perubahan kekasaran terbesar yaitu kelompok dengan konsentrasi 90%. Perubahan kekasaran dipengaruhi oleh pH gel, konsentrasi gel, lama pepmaparan gel terhadap permukaan gigi.

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ABSTRACTBilimbi can be used to bleach the teeth but it has an acidic pH that affect the enamel surface roughness. This study used 35 bovine enamels which was applied by gels containing Bogor and Aceh bilimbi extracts 70%, 80% and 90% in 4 hours per day for 14 days. Results analyzed by Dependent and Independent t-test showed that allgroups had significant changes in surface roughness (p<0.05) after 7 and 14 days of application. Group with 90% concentration had the most significant changes in surface roughness. The changes were caused by pH, concentration, and duration of exposure to bilimbi extract gels."

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Pengaruh Human Platelat Lysate (HPL) tanpa penambahan EGF dan bFGF dalam medium kultur HUVEC terhadap ekspresi CD45 belum diketahui sebelumnya.Tujuan: Mengevaluasi pengaruh penggunaan HPL tanpa penambahan EGF dan bFGF terhadap ekspresi CD45 pada HUVEC. Metode: HUVEC dikultur menggunakan FBS 2% dan HPL 2% dengan penambahan EGF dan bFGF serta HPL 2% dan HPL 5% tanpa penambahan EGF dan bFGF, kemudian ekspresi CD45 dianalisis dengan FACS.Hasil: Ekspresi CD45 pada HPL tanpa penambahan EGF dan bFGF tidak berbeda dibandingkan dengan FBS dan HPL dengan penambahan EGF dan bFGF.Simpulan: Penggunaan HPL tanpa penambahan EGF dan bFGF dalam medium kultur HUVEC tidak berpengaruh terhadap ekspresi CD45 pada HUVEC.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Effect of HPL without additional EGF and bFGF in HUVEC culture medium on CD45 expression has not been studied previously.Objective: To evaluate the effect of HPL without additional EGF and bFGF on HUVEC CD45 expression.Method: HUVEC cultured with FBS 2%, HPL 2% with EGF and bFGF addition, HPL 2% and HPL 5% without EGF and bFGF addition, CD45 expression were then analysed with FACS.Result: CD45 expression of HUVEC cultured in HPL without additional EGF and bFGF were not different significantly compared to FBS and HPL with additional EGF and bFGF.Conclusions: The Use of HPL without additional EGF and bFGF in HUVEC culture medium did not affect HUVEC CD45 expression."

"Graptophyllum pictum (Daun ungu) is one of the traditional plants in Indonesia. Graptophyllum pictum composition is flavonoid, Flavonoid has an antimicrobial effect. The purpose of this study is to find the effect of Graptophyllum pictum extract prevent the growth of Candida albicans on acrylic resin denture plate. The research was done plaque smear which Candida albicans adhered at the patient denture, then it was cultured and Candida albicans growth was cultivated. The research was done by using 40 samples. The samples were heat cured acrylic resin discs with 10 mm diameter. The research was used dilution method. The samples were divided into four groups.. Each group hadbeen given Graptophyllum pictum extract with 5%, 10%, 20% and 40%for 8 hours. The plates with Sabouraud agar were incubated at 37oC for24 hours and then Candida albicans were counted. The data wereanalyzed by the One way variant analysis and t-test. The result showedthere were significant differences among the amount of Candida albicans which grew in different concentration of Graptophyllum pictumextract (p < 0.05). The conclusion was that Graptophyllum pictumextract had prevented the growth of Candida albicans on acrylic resindenture plate."

"Tanaman cengkeh (Eugenia aromatica O.K.) termasuk dalam familia Myrtaceae, tersebar luas di Indonesia, Malaysia, Pulau Madagaskar, dan Tanzania. Daun tanaman mi mengandung minyak atsiri yang banyak dipakai untuk bahan baku isolasi eugenol dan pembuatan vanilin. Penggunaan eugenol dalam bidang farmasi yaitu sebagai obat analgesik gigi, dan campuran eugenol dengan seng oksida digunakan untuk menghilangkan karang gigi. Di samping itu eugenol juga dipakai sebagai pengharum sabun, parfum dan pengawet niakanan. Penelitian mi bertujuan untuk membandingkan eugenol dari minyak A (eugenol A) dan minyak B (eugenol B) dengan sediaan eugenol yang ada dalam perdagangan yaitu eugenol C, D, E, F, dan G. Minyak A diperoleh dari penyulingan daun cengkeh gugur, dan minyak B diperoleh dari dalain perdagangan. Isolasi minyak A dari simplisia daun cengkeh gugur menggunakan penyulingan air, dan basil yang diperoleh 3,06 % WE Isolasi eugenol dari minyak A mempunyai rendemen sekitar 73,85% v/v, dan eugenol dari minyak B sebesar 63,30% v/v. Uji sifat fisika bobot jenis dari minyak A, minyak B, eugenol A dan eugenol B berada di bawah standar mutunya. Uji indeks bias minyak A, minyak B, eugenol C, D, E, dan F memenubi standan, sedangkan eugenol A, B, dan G tidak memenuhi standar. Adapun uji kelarutan hanya minyak B dan eugenol G yang tidak memenuhi standar mutu perdagangan. Analisis kromato grain eugenol A menunjukkan jumlah puncak yang lebih banyak daripada eugenol B, hampir sama dengan eugenol C, D, G, dan lebih sedikit dari eugenol E dan F. Sedangkan jumlah puncak eugenol B lebih sedikit daripada sediaan eugenol C, D, E, F, dan G. PAR eugenol A dan B lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan PAR eugenol pada minyaknya. Sedangkan PAR eugenol A, B, G hampir sama, dan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan PAR eugenol C, D, E, dan F.

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Clove (Eugenia aromatica O.K) is one of the plant that belongs to the family Myrtaceae, spreads over Indonesia, Malaysia, Madagaskar island, and Tanzania. The leaf containes volatile oil used as basic substance for isolation of eugenol and synthesis of vanilin. Application of eugenol in pharmacy is for tooth analgesic, its mixture with zinc oxyde is used to make coral tartar disappear. It is also used as corrigentia odoris of soap, parfume and food preservative. Purpose of this research is to compare eugenol A (from volatile oil A) and eugenol B (from volatile oil B) with eugenol C, D, E. F, and G from the market using gas chromatography with FFAP coloumn. Volatile oil A was produced by destillation of clove's fallen leaf, and volatile oil B was collected from the market (Bengkulu). The result showed that volatile oil A produced by destilation contained 3,06% v/w, isolation of eugenol A from volatile oil A contained 73,85% v/v, and eugenol B from volatile oil B contained 63,30% v/v. The result of specific gravity test indicated that all of the samples are still below standart, refractive index test showed that only volatile oil A and B, eugenol C, D, E, and F are qualify, and solubility in alcohol 70 % test showed that volatile oil B and eugenol G are not qualify. Analysis of chromatogram eugenol A showed large number of total peak than eugenol B, almost same to eugenol C, D, G, less than eugenol E and F. Total of peak eugenol B are less than eugcnol C, D, E, F, and G. PAR eugenol A and B are higher- than their PAR in their oil. PAR eugenol A, B, G almost same, and higher than PAR eugenol C, D, E, and F."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas karbamid peroksida 10% dan 15% dalam memutihkan gigi terdiskolorasi ekstrinsik oleh kopi. Tiga puluh dua gigi premolar manusia direndam dalam larutan kopi selama 8 hari untuk mendapatkan diskolorasi ekstrinsik kopi sebagai warna dasar. Pemutihan gigi dilakukan selama 14 hari. Warna diukur menggunakan sistem CIE dan sistem VITAPAN Classical. Dihasilkan kedua konsentrasi tersebut efektif dalammemutihkan gigi terdiskolorasi ekstrinsik kopi. Secara statistik tidak terbukti perbedaan efektivitas karbamid peroksida 10% dan 15% apabila diukur menggunakan sistem CIE. Namun pada hari ke-7 pengukuran dengan sistem VITAPAN Classical terdapat perbedaan efektivitas antara kedua konsentrasi tersebut.

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ABSTRACTThis study was to determine the effectiveness of 10% and 15% carbamide peroxide against extrinsic discoloration by coffee. Thirty-two human premolar teeth were immersed into coffee solution for 8 days to obtain extrinsic discoloration as base colors. Whitening process had done for 14 days. Color was measured by CIE and VITAPAN Classical color systems. The results aproved that both concentrations were effective againstextrinsic tooth discoloration by coffee. There was nosignificant effectiveness difference between both concentration by CIE color system measurement. However on day 7 there was significant effectiveness difference between both concentration by VITAPAN Classical color system measurement."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh hidrogen peroksida 40 terhadap perubahan warna resin komposit nanohibrida oleh larutan teh. Dua puluh spesimen berdiameter 6 mm dan tebal 2 mm dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Setiap kelompok direndam pada larutan teh hijau atau teh hitam selama 7 hari, kemudian di bleaching dan direndam kembali selama 7 hari. Perubahan warna diukur menggunakan colorimeter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna p0,05 antara perubahan warna teh hijau dan teh hitam setelah bleaching. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa hidrogen peroksida 40 mempengaruhi perubahan warna resin komposit nanohibrida.

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This study aims to analyze the influence of 40 hydrogen peroxide on color change of nanohybrid composite resins by tea solution. Twenty specimens, 6 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick were divided into two groups. Each group was immersed in green tea or black tea for 7 days, then bleached and re immersed for 7 days. The color change is measured using a colorimeter. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences p 0.05 between green tea and black tea after bleaching. It can be concluded that 40 Hidrogen Peroxide affects colous change of nanohybrid composite resin."

"Kulit Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) terbukti kaya akan kandungan xanton yang memiliki potensi aktivitas antioksidan yang sangat tinggi. Pada penelitian ini digunakan metode peredaman DPPH (2,2-Difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil) untuk mengetahui IC50 dari ektrak etanol kulit buah manggis dan sediaan serum. Penelitian ini merupakan aplikasi dari ekstrak kulit buah manggis dalam sediaan likuid dengan sedikit pelarut dan banyak komponen bioaktif, yang dalam istilah kosmetik disebut sebagai serum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji stabilitas fisik dan pengaruh dari vitamin C terhadap aktivitas, stabilitas dan daya penetrasi ekstrak etanol kulit buah manggis pada serum antikerut. Selanjutnya ekstrak diformulasikan ke dalam tiga jenis sediaan yang terdapat variasi vitamin C sebagai peningkat penetrasi dan satu sediaan tanpa ekstrak dan vitamin C. Ketiga sediaan diuji daya penetrasinya secara in vitro dengan sel difusi Franz menggunakan membran abdomen tikus betina galur Sprague-Dawley. Nilai IC50 ekstrak etanol kulit manggis adalah 15,27 ppm, sedangkan sediaan formula 1, 2, 3 dan 4 berturut-turut adalah 109.347,45; 13.275,86; 2014,18 dan 126,52 ppm. Jumlah kumulatif xanton total yang terpenetrasi dari sediaan formula 2, 3 dan 4 berturut-turut adalah 15,79±0,18; 26,85±1,03 dan 61,05±2,53%. Fluks dari sediaan formula 2, 3 dan 4 berturut-turut adalah 0,15±0,003; 0,37±0,01 dan 0,92±0,03 μg/cm2.jam. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan adanya vitamin C akan meningkatkan daya penetrasi sediaan serum. Seluruh sediaan menunjukkan kestabilan secara fisik.

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Mangosteen pericarp (Garcinia mangostana L.) has been proved to have plenty of xanthone with high antioxidant. This study was done using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) to determine the IC50 of ethanolic extract of mangosteen pericarp and serum preparations containing extract. This study is an application of mangosteen pericarp extract in liquid preparations with a little solvent and many bioactive components, which in terms of cosmetics called serum. The aims of this study are to test the physical stability and the effect of vitamin C on the activity, stability and penetration ability of ethanolic extract of mangosteen pericarp on antiaging serum. Furthermore, ethanolic extract formulated into three variations in preparation of vitamin C as a penetration enhancer and one preparations without extract and vitamin C. The three preparations were examined their penetration ability by in vitro Franz diffusion cell using rat abdominal skin as diffusion membrane. IC50 values of ethanolic extract of mangosteen pericarp were obtained at 15,27 ppm, whilst the preparations formula 1, 2, 3 and 4 were 109.347,45; 13.275,86; 2014,18 and 126,52 ppm, respectively. Total cumulative penetration of total xanthone from formula 2, 3 and 4 were 15,79±0,18; 26,85±1,03 and 61,05±2,53%, respectively. Flux of total xanthone from formula 2, 3 dan 4 were 0,15±0,003; 0,37±0,01 and 0,92±0,03 μg/cm2.hour, respectively. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the presence of vitamin C will increase the penetration ability of serum preparation. All preparations showed physical stability."