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"Tahapan konstruksi ketika pembangunan jembatan cable-stayed akan berpengaruh terhadap analisis strukturnya. Respon struktur yang dihasilkan ketika analisis dilakukan secara langsung (jembatan utuh) tanpa memperhitungkan tahapan konsturksi akan berbeda dengan analisis sequential sesuai dengan tahapan konstruksinya.Tulisan ini akan membandingkan hal tersebut. Untuk itu, analisis sequential perlu dilakukan sesuai tahapan konstruksi yang dilakukan. Gaya kabel prategang yang diberikan akan berbeda antara analisis langsung dengan analisis sequential. Gaya tersebut tergantung boundary condition yang ingin dicapai. Gaya dalam kabel prategang, gaya dalam momen lentur gelagar serta gaya dalam momen lentur pylon berubah-ubah setiap tahapan konstruksinya.Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat perbedaan respon struktur yang dihasilkan oleh analisis langsung dan analisis sequential. Perbedaan ini memiliki nilai maksimum sebesar 19,15% untuk gaya penarikan kabel, 3,27% untuk gaya dalam kabel pada saat jembatan utuh, dan 163,04% untuk gaya dalam momen lentur gelagar.

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Applied construction stages in cable-stayed bridge construction will affect its structure analysis. The resulting structural response when the analysis is done by direct analysis (full structure) without considering the staging will be different with sequential analysis prior to its construction stage.

This paper will compare the result. Therefore, the analysis needs to be carried out according to the given sequential stages. Applied cable pretension forces will be different between direct and sequential analysis. The pretension forces depend on the boundary conditions need to be fulfilled. Cable's internal tension forces, girder's and pylon's bending moment change in every phase in construction stage.

The results show that there are differences between direct and sequential analysis. The differences have maximum value 19,15% for cable’s pretension force, 3,27% for cable's internal tension force when the member of the bridge is full, and 163,04% for bending moment at girder."

"[Tulisan ini membahas perilaku struktur jembatan cable stayed dengan studi kasus A Ruck Chucky Hanging Arc Bridge. Hasil yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini yaitu mengevaluasi dan membandingkan perilaku struktur pada saat konstruksi (analisa sequential) dengan analisa struktur jembatan utuh (analisa langsung). Adapun hasil yang diperoleh yaitu gaya dalam kabel pada saat konstruksi, gaya dalam gelagar, tegangan pada masing-masing elemen dan lendutan yang terjadi pada gelagar jembatan. Metode analisa yang digunakan pada saat konstruksi yaitu forward assemblage analysis. Pada saat konstruksi nilai gaya dalam dan lendutan pada gelagar akan berubah menurut tahapannya. Respon struktur juga akan berbeda pada saat konstruksi dengan analisa langsung sehingga masing-masing analisa perlu diperhatikan.

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This article discusses the behavior of cable stayed bridge structures with case studies A Ruck Chucky Hanging Arc Bridges. The results will be obtained in this study is to evaluated and compare the behavior of structure during construction (sequential analysis) with intact structure analysis (direct analysis). As for the result to be obtained by force in the cable at the time of construction, the style of the girder, stresses and deflections which occur on the bridge girder. The analytical methods used at the time of construction is forward assemblage analysis. At the time of construction, value of the force and deflection in the girder will chance according stages constructions. The respon structure will also be different at the time of construction with direct analysis so that each analysis need to be considred.;This article discusses the behavior of cable stayed bridge structures with case studies A Ruck Chucky Hanging Arc Bridges. The results will be obtained in this study is to evaluated and compare the behavior of structure during construction (sequential analysis) with intact structure analysis (direct analysis). As for the result to be obtained by force in the cable at the time of construction, the style of the girder, stresses and deflections which occur on the bridge girder. The analytical methods used at the time of construction is forward assemblage analysis. At the time of construction, value of the force and deflection in the girder will chance according stages constructions. The respon structure will also be different at the time of construction with direct analysis so that each analysis need to be considred, This article discusses the behavior of cable stayed bridge structures with case studies A Ruck Chucky Hanging Arc Bridges. The results will be obtained in this study is to evaluated and compare the behavior of structure during construction (sequential analysis) with intact structure analysis (direct analysis). As for the result to be obtained by force in the cable at the time of construction, the style of the girder, stresses and deflections which occur on the bridge girder. The analytical methods used at the time of construction is forward assemblage analysis. At the time of construction, value of the force and deflection in the girder will chance according stages constructions. The respon structure will also be different at the time of construction with direct analysis so that each analysis need to be considred]"

"Studying about cable stayed bridge become trend in the last few years. Since the improvement of the material technology and the need of longer bridge so the cable stayed bridge become more important in the last few years.Since the span become longer, so the structure will become more flexible and external load such are traffic, wind, rain and earthquake become more significant to the structure. When the displacement of the deck will increase, it will make uncomforting for human. Many scientists and engineers try to make a control of cable stayed bridge, so that the response will become safety and good for human comfort also.In this study we try to simulate the model from experiment to the behavior of the cable stayed bridge itself. We also try to control the response of the structure. This control that we have done must be realistic and easy to use.In fact with computer simulation we can do such sophisticated control, but the main problem if it's not applicable the control that we use become useless, otherwise it will be dangerous also if we get a result in reality far from out simulation.So in this study we do simple control to cable stayed bridge, and do some test that could be realistic in the reality. The sag of the cable is big and it will make a non linear effect. We do some analysis of cable stayed bridge in ANSYS 5.5.3 and do control simulation in SIMULINK by catching the static non linear result from ANSYS 5.5.3.The simulation that we done here to see the effectives of the control in many cases. We can be sure that the control is good if we get a good solution with the control of the structure."

"In the framework of the design of Cisadane Cable Stayed Bridge, a wind tunnel testing on scaled model has been conducted lo observe its aerodynamic forces. The wind tunnel which is used for test, was a low speed wind tunnel.The test results are the coefficient Ci, Cd and Cm. The coefficients can be used lo calculate the load of the structure, the lift Force and the pitching moment. Based on the test results, shape improvement of the proposed bridge deck is also considered."

"Dalam Tesis ini disampaikan hasil kajian uji model struktur jembatan Cable Stayed dengan berbagai bentuk ikatan antara kabel dengan pylon, terhadap pengaruh beban lateral dalam arah memanj ang jembatan dan beban gravitasi. Kajian ini dilaksanakan dalam rangka untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis hubungan antara kabel dengan Pylon terhadap kineija jembatan Cable Stayed dalam merespon berbagai rnacam beban yang bekeija padanya.Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut diatas telah dilakukan kajian secara aktual melalui uji model dan kajian teoritis. Kajian aktual dilakukan dengan membuat model jembatan Cable Stayed yang hubungan antara pylon dengan kabelnya berupa hubungan putar, geser dan sendi, lalu mengujinya dengan memberikan beban statis vertikal pada girder dan beban statis horizontal arah memanjang jembatan serta memberikan getaran lateral arah memanjang jembatan dengan menggunakan meja getar. Sedangkan kajian secara teoritis dilakukan dengan cara menganalisa struktur model jembatan dengan memberikan gaya-gaya yang seperti gaya yang diberikan pada seat uji model, yaitu gaya statis vertical, gaya statis horizontal dan getaran arah memanjang jembatan. Untuk analisa teoritis ini dipergunakan program SAP 2000 versi 8. Untuk mendukung kehandalan hasil uji model, maka sebelum nya telah dilakukan uji-uji pendukung seperti: uji kekuatan tarik kabel, uji Kekakuan struktur dan uji rasio redaman.Setelah dilakukan pengujian, hasilnya menunjukkan hahwa hasil uji model memberikan nilai yang mendekati dengan hasil analisa secara teoritis, sehingga dapat dinyatakan bahwa hasil uji model struktur cukup handal dan dapat dipakai sebagai dasar analisa untuk pengambilan keputusan.Dari hasil analisis uji model dapat disimpulkan bahwa: Struktur dengan ikatan sendi memiliki respon Pylon yang terbaik dibandingkan dengan yang lain dalam merespon beban gempa yang dimodelkan sebagai beban getaran dan beban statis arah memanjang jembatan. Struktur dengan ikatan putar memiliki respon Deck dan Pylon yang terbaik terhadap beban lalu lintas yang dimodelkan sebagai beban statis arah vertikal yang bekexja pada girder jembatan. lkatan yang memberikan fleksibilitas pylon paling baik terhadap beban hidup vertikal dan beban horizontal arah rnemanjang baik oleh getaran maupun oleh gaya statis adalah ikatan Geser.

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ThisThesis presents a result of experimental model of a Cable Stayed bridge with various connections between cable and pylon, subject to lateral load and gravity load. This research is conducted in order to investigate the influence of this cable connection on the performance of that bridge.To achieve this objective, a study has been carried out using experimental model as well as theoretical analysis. The experimental research was held by constructing the cable stayed bridge model where the connection of the cable and pylon is hinge connection, roll connection and rotate connection, then that model was subjected to the vertical static load on its deck, the static horizontal load along the bridge and lateral vibration in longitudinal direction generated by Shaking table. The theoretical analysis and experimental model resulted relatively the same forces. The theocratical analysis was performed by using SAP 2000 version 8 program. To improved reliability of the experimental model, it has been carried out some tests such as; tension cable test, stiffness test, and damping test.The result, of the experimental model test showed slightly different with the theoretical analysis result, therefore they could be useful for the discussion and conclusion of the experimental work. Experimental model test resulted that the structure with hinged connection gave the best Pylon behavior under earthquake force as well as under static load in the longitudinal direction of the bridge. The structure with a rotated connection has the best Deck and Pylon response under the tab`:ic load. lt was found that the rolled connection resulted flexible responses of pylon as well as deck when the bridge under live load and horizontal static load or lateral dynamic load."

"Dalam makalah ini disampaikan perkembangan jembatan modern berbenlang panjang, terutama jembatan beton, yang berkembang pesat berkat kemajuan teknologi beton dan keberhasilan sistem beton pralekan. Selanjutnya disampaikan keuntungan jembatan berbentang paniang dengan sistem cable stay dan perbandingannya dengan sislem kantilever, yang mana keduanya merupakan sistem tekologl modern untuk jembatan berbentang panjang, terutama untuk lokasi pelaksanaan yang relati sulir. Seiring dengan meningkatnya teknologi beton, jembatan dengan sistem cable slay dapat merupakan suatu pilihan ekonomis untuk jembalan dengan bentang sampai 1000 meter, terutama bila dikombinasikan dengan baja. Sebagai studi kasus, disampaikan jembatan cable stay Normandie, yang saa! ini mcrupakan jembatan cable stay terpanjang dnnia."

"ABSTRACTJalan Tol Cikampek-Padalarang Cipularang membentang pada tebing curam dengan stratifikasi tanah lempung serpih yang memiliki kuat geser tanah rendah pada lerengnya. Pusjatan melampirkan data bahwa pada 23 Desember 2016 tiang P2 Jalan Tol Cipularang mengalami pergeseran hingga 57,02 cm. Pergeseran ini diduga terjadi akibat tanah lempung serpih yang berinteraksi langsung dengan air dari sungai Cisomang. Pergeseran tiang P2 mengindikasikan terjadinya pergeseran struktur pondasi Jembatan Cisomang sedalam 22 m secara lateral yang lebih besar dari penurunan aksial. Untuk itu, dilakukan studi dengan metode analisis balik dalam menentukan pengaruh perkuatan pondasi berupa borepile untuk menentukan pengaruh borepile kepada pergeseran lateral lempung serpih dibantu dengan perangkat lunak PLAXIS dalam menyimulasikan perilaku tanah. Penelitian ini mengajukan kedalaman borepile 35 m dan 60 m sebagai perkuatan pondasi eksisting. Disamping kontribusinya dalam mengurangi pergeseran lateral mencapai 33-68, perkuatan ini memotong bidang gelincir dari lereng Cipulareng dan meningkatkan faktor keamanan FK sebesar 4.7-16.

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ABSTRACTCisomang bridge is one of the bridges connecting Jakarta and Bandung through Cikampek Padalarang Cipularang Highway. The Road and Bridge 39s Research and Development Center PUSJATAN presents data that on December 23rd, 2016 Pier P2 of Cipularang Highway is shifted for 57,02 cm. This movement is suspected occurred due to decreasing of clayshale 39 s shear strength caused by Cisomang River 39 s seepage. Pier P2 movement indicates more massive lateral displacement of Cisomang Bridge 39 s foundation for 22 m depth than its settlement. Accordingly, we study trough back analysis method for determining the impact of bore pile to lateral displacement on clayshale using PLAXIS to simulate the behavior of soil. This research proposes 35 m and 60 m depth bore pile to be a foundation reinforcement. Aside from its contribution on decreasing lateral displacement of existing foundation up to 33 68 , this reinforcement cut the slip surface of Cipularang slope and increase its safety factor SF for 4.7 16."

"Pembangunan jembatan penting karena kemampuannya untuk menghubungkan masyarakat melalui koneksi darat-jalan, sehingga menghemat waktu dan meningkatkan produktivitas mereka yang tinggal di daerah ini. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mengevaluasi Jembatan Temadore, yang dibangun untuk menghubungkan Kota Ternate, Maitara dan Kota Tidore melalui jalan darat untuk meningkatkan pergerakan dan mengurangi kesenjangan dalam menilai kedua wilayah tersebut. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) yang mencari dan mengidentifikasi beberapa variabel sesuai dengan daya ketergantungan dan daya dorong. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembangunan jembatan meningkatkan pergerakan aktivitas dan produktivitas masyarakat, sehingga mengarah pada pertumbuhan ekonomi.

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The construction of bridge is important due to its ability to link communities through land-road connection, thereby saving time and increasing productivity of those living in these areas. Therefore, this research evaluated the Temadore Bridge, built to link Ternate City, Maitara land and Tidore City by road to enhance movement and reduce disparities in assessing both areas. Data were collected using the Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) which searched for and identified several variables according to the dependence power and driving power. The result showed that construction of bridge increased the movement of community activities and productivity, thereby leading to economic growth.

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"Penelitian bertujuan untuk membandingkan keefektifan perilaku jembatan i girder dengan u girder akibat pembebanan yang terjadi pada struktur atas jembatan. Jembatan girder dengan panjang 36,6 meter dibebani oleh beberapa pembebanan yaitu berat sendiri, beban mati tambahan, beban lajur ?D?, beban angin, beban rem, temperatur, dan beban gempa. Jembatan menggunakan beton prategang yang mempunyai kabel prategang pada setiap girdernya. Variasi analisis jembatan pada setiap kondisi awal, kondisi kosong, kondisi akhir 1, dan kondisi akhir 2 menghasilkan nilai lendutan, tegangan, gaya dalam, kehilangan prategang, dan volume pekerjaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jembatan u girder mempunyai tingkat keefektifan yang lebih tinggi daripada jembatan i girder pada hasil perbandingan lendutan, tegangan, dan gaya dalam. Tetapi, volume pekerjaan pada jembatan u girder lebih besar daripada jembatan i girder dengan perbandingan volume adalah 9,86%.

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The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of behavior of i girder bridge with u girder due to loading that occurs on top of the bridge structure. Girder bridge with a length of 36.6 meters which is burdened by a dead load, superimposed dead load, lane ?D? load, wind load, load brakes, temperature, and seismic loads. Prestressed concrete bridge using prestressed cable having at each girder. Variation analysis of the bridge at the beginning of each condition, empty condition, final condition 1 and condition 2 yields the value displacement, stress, internal force, loss of prestressed, and volume of works. The results showed u girder bridges have a higher level of effectiveness than i girder bridge of the results of the comparison displacement, stress, and internal force. However, the cost of construction on the u girder bridge is greater than the i girder bridge with comparison volume is 9,86%."

"Dalam 5-6 tahun terakhir, pembangunan infrastruktur di Indonesia dipercepat. Banyak masalah terkait pengadaan lahan yang terjadi, karena itu digunakan struktur jembatan slab-on-pile sebagai solusi. Akibat properti unik struktur slab-on-pile dimana batasan antara struktur atas dan bawahnya yang sangat ambigu, dan fakta bahwa struktur slab-on-pile banyak digunakan pada proyek jalan tol elevated sedangkan menurut KKJTJ, setiap jembatan elevated yang panjangnya melebihi 3 km perlu dilakukan uji dinamik, maka dari itu, perlu dilakukan pengujian dinamik lateral terhadap struktur slab-on-pile agar bisa dianalisis karakteristik dinamiknya. Pada penelitian ini, pengujian dinamik lateral menggunakan eccentric mass shaker dilakukan terhadap struktur jembatan slab-on-pile agar diketahui frekuensi alaminya. Data yang diolah menggunakan proses FFT (fast fourier transform) dan FDD (frequency domain decomposition) divalidasi terhadap beberapa model struktur yang divariasikan dalam permodelan pondasinya serta jenis elemen yang digunakan. Terdapat 3 variasi jenis permodelan pondasi yaitu Full (dimodelkan seutuhnya), Fix.Point (dijepit pada taraf penjepitan lateral) dan Ground (dijepit pada elevasi ground) dan 2 variasi jenis elemen yang digunakan yaitu Frame & Shell dan Elemen Solid. Model dibuat menggunakan program Midas Civil.Didapatkan nilai frekuensi alami struktur sebesar 3.3 Hz dalam arah longitudinal dan 4.5 Hz dalam arah transversal. Frekuensi alami dari pengujian setara dengan model dalam arah longitudinal, namun jauh lebih besar dari model dalam arah transversal. Hal ini karena dalam proses pemancangan spun pile, terjadi pemadatan tanah di sekelilingnya sehingga dalam arah transversal, dimana jarak antar pile kecil, kekakuan tanah meningkat. Dari penelitian ini juga didapat kesimpulan bahwa model yang paling akurat untuk memodelkan struktur slab-on-pile adalah model struktur yang dijepit pada taraf penjepitan lateral yang menggunakan elemen frame dan shell (FS- FIX.POINT) untuk arah longitudinal dan model struktur yang dijepit pada elevasi ground yang menggunakan elemen frame dan shell (FS-GROUND) untuk arah transversal.

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In the last 5-6 years, infrastructure development in Indonesia has accelerated greatly. This causes land availability issues, which are solved by implementing slab-on-pile structures for bridge construction. Due to slab-on-pile bridges not having a clear border between their superstructure and substructure, and the fact that slab-on-pile bridges are often used for elevated toll road projects where KKJTJ states that all elevated toll roads spanning over 3 km must be assessed for its dynamic capabilities, a lateral dynamic test becomes relevant to conduct in order to analyze the structure’s dynamic characteristics.. In this research, a slab-on-pile bridge structure is tested for its lateral dynamic capacities using an eccentric mass shaker so that its natural frequencies can be obtained. The data processed using the FFT (fast fourier transform) and FDD (frequency domain decomposition) methods are compared with the values obtained from numerical models made using Midas Civil. Several models were made with variations on the spun pile foundation modelling method and the elements that were used for the model. Three spun pile foundation modelling method variations were used: Full (foundation fully modelled), Partial (foundation fixed at its fixity point), and Ground (foundation fixed at ground level); two variations of elements were used: Frame & Shell and Solid Element. The tests result in a longitudinal natural frequency of 3.3 Hz and a transversal natural frequency of 4.5 Hz. The longitudinal natural frequency is similar with the model’s longitudinal natural frequency. However, the transversal natural frequency is 16.9 – 32.8% higher than the model’s transversal natural frequency. This is caused by the erection of the spun pile foundation that causes its surrounding soil in the transversal direction to condense, which in the case of very short pile spacing distances, causes the soil stiffness to increase. The tests and models also show that the most accurate model in the longitudinal direction is the FS-FIX.POINT model which were given fixed restraints at its fixity point and is modelled using the frame & shell elements. In the transversal direction, the most accurate model is the FS-GROUND model which were given fixed restraints at ground level and is modelled using frame & shell elements."