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"Researchers have drawn attention on the implementation of more environmentally friendly technologies able to achieve high removal efficiency at low costs. Emerging compounds removal from wastewater by green technologies : natural and solar based treatments introduces green chemistry in relation to these treatment technologies. More specifically, this volume :• Reviews the suitability of alternative adsorption processes that use natural adsorbents natural materials or agricultural waste in light of the inefficiency of conventional wastewater treatment plants• Evaluates the potential of constructed wetlands for the removal of some categories of trace contaminant of worldwide relevance in view of their application as decentralized systems• Highlights the promising role of a special class of oxidation techniques defined as Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) supported by sunlight.This volume will be of great interest to students, technicians, and academics alike who are interested in evaluating and selecting the technologies that lead to better and more sustainable treatment of this huge class of pollutants."

"This book evaluates water management together with energy use. The strong effects that the release of emerging pollutants such as endocrine disruptors (EDCs), pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have in wastewater reuse applications are examined, as well as the need to optimize the energy consumption in wastewater treatment. "

"Fraud has become a challenging phenomena affecting economies worldwide. Anti-fraud measures are an integral part of today's management practices and have found their way into business education. Yet in developing countries these topics have long been neglected and only limited research has been conducted in this area. This book fills an essential gap by analyzing the impact of fraud on developing economies, describing successful anti-fraud methods and featuring cases that exemplify the measures described. "

"Evaluated the effectiveness of juvenile drug court for 161 juvenile offenders meeting diagnostic criteria for substance abuse or dependence and determined whether the integration of evidence-based practices enhanced the outcomes of juvenile drug court. Over a 1-year period, a four-condition randomized design evaluated outcomes for family court with usual community services, drug court with usual community services, drug court with multisystemic therapy, and drug court with multisystemic therapy enhanced with contingency management for adolescent substance use, criminal behavior, symptomatology, and days in out-of-home placement. In general, findings supported the view that drug court was more effective than family court services in decreasing rates of adolescent substance use and criminal behavior. Possibly due to the greatly increased surveillance of youths in drug court, however, these relative reductions in antisocial behavior did not translate to corresponding decreases in rearrest or incarceration. In addition, findings supported the view that the use of evidence-based treatments within the drug court context improved youth substance-related outcomes. Clinical and policy implications of these findings are discussed."

"Limbah elektronik (e-waste) menjadi perhatian global yang semakin meningkat seiring dengan penggunaan perangkat elektronik yang terus bertambah. Printed Circuit Board (PCB), sebagai komponen utama dari e-waste, mengandung material bernilai tinggi tetapi menghadirkan tantangan dalam proses daur ulang akibat kompleksitas pembongkarannya. Penelitian ini berfokus pada potensi otomatisasi pembongkaran kapasitor dari limbah PCB menggunakan tiga metode pemanasan: Infrared Heating, Hot Air, dan Tin Melting Stove. Penilaian dilakukan terhadap kebutuhan proses (presisi, kecepatan, payload, dan jangkauan) serta karakteristik robot (Cartesian, SCARA, Delta, dan Articulated) menggunakan skala Likert. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa metode Tin Melting Stove memiliki waktu siklus tercepat (71 detik) pada Skenario C (Cartesian dan Delta), meskipun dengan biaya lebih tinggi. Metode Infrared Heating dan Hot Air memberikan keseimbangan waktu dan biaya yang efektif, dengan Skenario B (Cartesian dan SCARA) menjadi yang paling optimal. Optimasi jalur pergerakan robot melalui pendekatan Shortest Time berhasil mengurangi waktu siklus secara signifikan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Tin Melting Stove dengan Skenario B adalah pilihan terbaik dalam keseimbangan efisiensi dan biaya, sementara optimasi pergerakan robot memainkan peran penting dalam meningkatkan produktivitas. Hasil penelitian ini mendukung pengembangan sistem daur ulang e-waste yang otomatis dan berkelanjutan.

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Electronic waste (e-waste) is a growing concern globally, driven by the increasing use of electronic devices. Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs), a significant component of e-waste, contain valuable materials but pose challenges in recycling due to the complex disassembly processes required. This study focuses on the potential automation of capacitor disassembly from waste PCBs using three heating methods: Infrared Heating, Hot Air, and Tin Melting Stove. The research evaluates process requirements (precision, speed, payload, and range) and robot characteristics (Cartesian, SCARA, Delta, and Articulated) using a Likert scale. Simulation results reveal that Tin Melting Stove offers the shortest cycle time (71 seconds) in Scenario C (Cartesian and Delta), albeit with higher costs. Infrared Heating and Hot Air methods balance time and cost effectively, with Scenario B (Cartesian and SCARA) being optimal. Further optimization of robot movement paths reduced cycle time significantly using the Shortest Time approach. The study concludes that the Tin Melting Stove with Scenario B provides the best balance between efficiency and cost, while the Shortest Time optimization highlights the importance of precise movement strategies in enhancing productivity. These findings contribute to the development of automated and cost-effective recycling systems for e-waste, supporting sustainable waste management."

"Three flavonoid compounds, kaempferol (1), kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (2), and kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucosyl-α-L-rhamnoside (3), were isolated from the bark of Aglaia eximia (Meliaceae). The chemical structures of compounds 1?3 were identified with spectroscopic data, including UV, IR, NMR (1H, 13C, DEPT 135°, HMQC, HMBC, 1H-1HCOSY NMR), and MS, as well as a compared with previously reported spectra data. All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic effects against P-388 murine leukemia cells. Compounds 1?3 showed cytotoxicity against P-388 murine leukemia cells with IC50 values of 1.22, 42.92, and >100 mg/mL, respectively.

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Senyawa Flavonoid dari Kulit Batang Aglaia eximia (Meliaceae). Tiga senyawa flavonoid, kaempferol (1), kaempferol-3-O-α-L-ramnosida (2), dan kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glukosil-α-L-ramnosida (3), diisolasi dari batang Aglaia eximia (Meliaceae). Struktur kimia senyawa 1?3 diidentifikasi berdasarkan data spektroskopi, meliputi UV, IR, NMR (1H, 13C, DEPT 135°, HMQC, HMBC, 1H-1H-COSY NMR), dan MS, serta perbandingan dengan data spektra yang diperoleh sebelumnya. Seluruh senyawa dievaluasi pengaruh sitotoksiknya terhadap sel murine leukimia P-388. Senyawa 1-3 menunjukkan aktivitas sitotoksik terhadap sel murine leukimia P-388 dengan nilai IC50 berturut-turut 1,22; 42,92, dan >100 mg/mL."

"Untuk mencapai sasaran yang optimal dalam pemanfaatan energi panas matahari, perlu dilakukan pengujian dan analisis lebih lanjut terhadap performa yang dihasilkan oleh kombinasi kolektor pelat datar dan juga konsentrator parabolik. Pada tugas akhir ini, akan dibahas proses pengujian terhadap rangkaian tersebut dilihat bagaimana karakteristik dari heat removal factor dan overall heat loss coefficient yang dihasilkan alat tersebut. Pengujian dilakukan dengan menggunakan fluida air yang dialirkan melewati rangkaian 8 kolektor pelat datar dan dilanjutkan dengan pemanasan di konsentrator parabolik. Parameter yang diukur adalah temperatur air serta temperatur ambien, intensitas radiasi matahari, dan laju aliran massa. Dari perhitungan didapat nilai karakteristik overall heat loss coefficient untuk 2 rangkaian seri meningkat tiap kolektornya mulai dari 9.27 W/mK hingga 9.51 2 W/mK begitu pula dengan rangkaian paralel mulai dari 9.38 W/mK hingga 9.6 2 W/mK. Sedangkan untuk nilai heat removal factor rangkaian seri menurun dari 0.825 ke 0.821 sedangkan pada rangkaian parallel bervariasi mulai dari 0.682 hingga 0.779 tergantung dari laju aliran masa yang mengalir di tiap kolektor. Untuk konsentrator parabolik memiliki heat loss coefficient 23.55 W/mK dan heat removal factor sebesar 0.81.

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To achieve optimal utilization of solar thermal energy, need to do further testing and analysis of the performance generated by a combination of flat plate collector and parabolic concentrator. In this thesis, will be discussed about the testing process of that device to see how the characteristics of the heat removal factor and overall heat loss coefficient resulted by that device. Tests carried out using water that flowed through the fluid circuit of 8 flat plate collectors and followed by re¬heating on parabolic concentrator. Parameters measured in this test are fluid temperature and ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, and mass flow rate. From the calculation, obtained overall heat loss coefficient for the series circuit 2 increases each collector from 9.27 until 9.51 W/mK as well as the parallel circuit 2 starting from 9.38 up to 9.6 W/mK. Meanwhile, the value of a series circuit heat removal factor decreased from 0.825 to 0.821 while in the parallel series ranging from 0.682 to 0.779 depends on mass flow rate which flows through each collectors. For parabolic concentrators, they have a heat loss coefficient of 23.55 W/mK and heat removal factor of 0.81."